INDEKS HARGA PRICE INDEX

INDEKS HARGA PENGGUNA CONSUMER PRICE INDEX

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INDEKS HARGA PENGGUNA

Nota Keterangan

1. Indeks Harga Pengguna (IHP) mengukur

perubahan peratus kos pembelian

mengikut masa bagi bakul tetap

barangan dan perkhidmatan yang

mewakili corak purata pembelian oleh

sekumpulan penduduk pada sesuatu

tempoh masa yang ditetapkan. IHP dikira

berdasarkan standard dan prosedur yang

diterima pakai di peringkat antarabangsa;

menggunakan formula Laspeyres.

2. IHP yang dinyatakan dalam tahun asas

1967 = 100, merujuk kepada indeks bagi

Semenanjung Malaysia. Manakala

indeks bagi tahun 1980 dan seterusnya

merujuk kepada indeks bagi Malaysia.

3. Sebelum tahun 2006, item dalam bakul

barangan dan perkhidmatan IHP

d i k e l a s k a n b e r p an d u k e p a d a

Classification of Household Goods and

Services (CHGS) dengan sembilan

kumpulan utama seperti berikut:

● Makanan

● Minuman dan Tembakau

● Pakaian dan Kasut

● Sewa Kasar, Bahan Api dan Kuasa

● Perabot, Hiasan Dalaman &

Peralatan dan Pengendalian Rumah

• Perbelanjaan Rawatan Perubatan

dan Kesihatan

● Pengangkutan dan Perhubungan

● Perkhidmatan Rekreasi, Hiburan,

Pelajaran dan Kebudayaan

● Pelbagai Barang dan Perkhidmatan

CONSUMER PRICE INDEX

Explanatory Notes

1. The Consumer Price Index (CPI)

measures the percentage change

through time in the cost of purchasing a

constant basket of goods and services

representing the average pattern of

purchases made by a particular

population group in a specified time

period. CPI is calculated based on the

international standard and procedures;

known as the Laspeyres formula.

2. CPI expressed for base year 1967 = 100,

was the index for Peninsular Malaysia.

While the index for the year 1980

onwards refers to Malaysia.

3. Prior to 2006, the items in this basket of

goods and services were classified

according to Classification of Household

Goods & Services (CHGS) with nine

main groups as follows:

● Food

● Beverages and Tobacco

● Clothing and Footwear

● Gross Rent, Fuel & Power

● Furniture, Furnishing & Household

Equipment and Operation

• Medical Care and Health Expenses

● Transport and Communication

● Recreation, Entertainment, Education

and Cultural Services

● Miscellaneous Goods and Services

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4. Manakala bermula pada Januari 2006,

item dalam bakul barangan IHP

d ike laskan berpandu kepada

Classification of Individual Consumption

According to Purpose (COICOP)

dengan dua belas kumpulan utama

seperti berikut:

● Makanan dan Minuman Bukan

Beralkohol

● Minuman Beralkohol dan Tembakau

● Pakaian dan Kasut

● Perumahan, Air, Elektrik, Gas dan

Bahan Api Lain

● H i a s a n , P e r k a k a s a n d a n

Penyelenggaraan Isi Rumah

● Kesihatan

● Pengangkutan

● Komunikasi

● Perkhidmatan Rekreasi dan

Kebudayaan

● Pendidikan

● Restoran dan Hotel

● P e l b a g a i B a r a n g a n d a n

Perkhidmatan

4. Whereas commencing from January

2006, the items are classified based on

Classification of Individual Consumption

According to Purpose (COICOP) in the

following twelve main groups:

● Food and Non-Alcoholic Beverages

● Alcoholic Beverages and Tobacco

● Clothing and Footwear

● Housing, Water, Electricity, Gas and

Other Fuels

● Furnishing, Household Equipment and

Routine Household Maintenance

● Health

● Transport

● Communication

● Recreation Services and Culture

● Education

● Restaurants and Hotels

● Miscellaneous Goods and Services

JADUAL 5.1 : INDEKS HARGA PENGGUNA (2000 = 100) MENGIKUT KUMPULAN UTAMA, 1980 – 2005, MALAYSIA

Table 5.1 : Consumer Price Index (2000 = 100) by Main Groups, 1980 – 2005, Malaysia

Kumpulan/Group

Tahun Jumlah Makanan Minuman Pakaian Sewa Perabot, Perbe- Pengang- Perkhid- Pelbagai

Year Total Food & & kasar, hiasan lanjaan kutan & matan barang

tembakau kasut bahan dalaman rawatan perhubun- rekreasi, & Beverages Clothing api dan & per- perubatan gan hiburan, perkhid- & & kuasa alatan & & Transport pelajaran matan tobacco footwear Gross pengen- kesihatan & commu- & ke- Miscella- rent,fuel dalian Medical nications budayaan neous and rumah care & Recreation, goods & power Furniture, health entertain- services

furnishings expenses ment, edu-

& house- cation &

hold equip- cultural

ment & services

operation

Wajaran Weights

(2000 = 100) 100.0 33.8 3.1 3.4 22.4 5.3 1.8 18.8 5.9 5.5

1980 51.2 45.4 32.7 74.7 55.0 66.5 47.3 51.5 75.3 55.4

1981 56.2 50.6 37.1 80.9 60.4 70.6 51.4 55.7 79.3 60.4

1982 59.4 54.5 39.5 84.2 64.3 72.7 54.2 57.7 81.3 61.9

1983 61.6 54.9 47.8 87.3 68.7 74.6 60.7 59.3 80.9 65.6

1984 63.8 56.8 49.4 89.1 73.4 75.3 61.5 62.0 79.1 66.4

1985 64.1 55.4 49.9 90.1 76.3 75.4 63.1 63.4 78.2 66.4

1986 64.4 55.6 50.7 90.5 77.0 75.8 64.0 63.5 78.5 67.2

1987 64.9 55.3 54.3 91.0 76.5 76.8 64.5 65.3 80.3 68.1

1988 66.6 57.3 55.1 92.8 75.0 79.0 65.5 69.7 81.5 69.4

1989 68.5 59.5 55.9 94.4 74.4 81.1 66.5 74.4 82.0 71.2

1990 70.6 62.0 57.8 96.0 74.6 82.7 68.3 78.2 82.7 73.3

1991 73.6 65.0 62.3 102.0 76.9 86.4 71.9 81.5 84.9 75.9

1992 77.1 69.2 67.6 105.0 79.7 88.7 74.5 85.1 87.4 77.6

1993 79.9 70.8 77.7 105.5 82.5 89.9 78.2 89.8 87.8 79.7

1994 83.0 75.0 81.7 104.6 84.5 91.4 81.4 93.8 88.6 81.8

1995 85.9 78.6 83.7 104.5 87.3 93.9 83.9 95.6 90.9 85.5

1996 88.9 83.2 85.5 103.8 90.1 95.0 87.0 96.9 93.9 87.4

1997 91.1 86.4 86.5 103.3 93.0 95.1 89.9 97.5 94.2 91.3

1998 95.8 93.8 90.1 103.9 97.0 98.7 95.1 97.5 97.0 97.6

1999 98.5 98.1 97.2 101.8 98.6 100.0 98.0 98.0 99.5 99.1

2000 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

2001 101.4 100.7 104.8 97.4 101.4 100.1 102.9 103.6 99.9 100.7

2002 103.2 101.4 109.2 95.2 102.1 99.7 105.4 110.4 100.1 101.8

2003 104.4 102.7 111.0 93.3 103.0 99.1 107.2 112.2 100.7 103.1

2004 105.9 105.0 119.7 91.6 104.0 99.5 108.7 113.1 100.6 105.0

2005 109.1 108.8 132.3 90.7 105.2 101.5 110.4 118.1 101.1 107.5

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JADUAL 5.2 : INDEKS HARGA PENGGUNA (2005 = 100) MENGIKUT KUMPULAN UTAMA, 2003 – 2009, MALAYSIA Table 5.2 : Consumer Price Index (2005 = 100) by Main Groups, 2003 – 2009, Malaysia

Kumpulan/Group

Tahun Jumlah Makan- Minum- Pakai- Perumah- Hiasan, Kesihat- Pengang- Komuni- Perkhid- Pendidi- Resto- Pelbagai

Year Total an dan an an & an, Air, Perkakas- an kutan kasi matan kan ran dan barang Minum- Alkohol kasut Elektrik, an dan Health Transport Commu- rekreasi, Education Hotel & an & temba- Clothing Gas dan penyeleng- nication dan ke- Restau- perkhid- Bukan kau & Bahan garaan budayaan rant and matan Alkohol Alcoholic foot- Api Lain Isi rumah Recrea- Hotel Miscella- Food & Bevera- wear Housing Furnishings, tion, neous Non ges Water, Household services goods & Alkohol & tobacco Electricity, Equipment & culture services

Bevera- Gas and and routine ges other fuels Household mainte- nance

Wajaran Weights

(2005=100) 100.0 31.4 1.9 3.1 21.4 4.3 1.4 15.9 5.1 4.6 1.9 3.0 6.0

2003 95.7 94.4 79.0 102.9 97.9 98.3 97.0 93.4 99.3 100.8 96.9 95.0 97.4

2004 97.1 96.4 87.8 101.0 98.8 98.7 98.3 94.1 100.0 99.9 98.2 96.6 98.7

2005 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

2006 103.6 103.4 106.9 98.7 101.5 101.1 102.1 111.0 98.6 100.7 101.6 103.7 102.2

2007 105.7 106.5 115.2 97.3 102.8 102.2 103.7 113.6 97.4 102.1 103.4 107.5 103.2

2008 111.4 115.9 123.6 96.8 104.4 105.3 106.0 123.6 96.8 103.9 105.8 114.6 106.6

2009 112.1 120.7 131.1 95.9 105.9 108.4 108.4 112.0 96.3 105.5 108.3 117.9 110.6

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