Biologi Spm Times 2010

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267SOALAN ULANGKJI SPM 2010

Biology [4551/1] [4551/2] [4551/3]

Biology Paper 1(4551/1)


No Answer1 B2 B3 C

4 B5 D

6 B7 A

8 D9 D10 D

No Answer11 D12 B13 D

14 C15 B

16 B17 C

18 C19 B20 C

No Answer21 D22 A 23 B

24 D25 A

26 B27 B

28 A 29 A 30 D

No Answer31 B32 A 33 C

34 C35 D

36 B37 A

38 B39 A 40 B

No Answer41 C42 A 43 A

44 D45 B

46 D47 B

48 A 49 B50 C

No. Marking crieria Marks1a)

b)(i)

(ii)

c)

d)(i)

(ii)

Y : Carrier proeinZ : Channel proein / pore proein

I is composed o wo layers o phospholipids

Acs as a barrier beween he inernal and exernal environmen o he cell// Allows only specic molecules o pass hrough i// provide he srucural basis or all cell membrane.

A semi-permeable plasma membrane is a membrane ha allows only cerainsubsances o move reely across i.

Acive ranspor is a movemen o subsances / molecules / ions agains heconcenraion gradien / rom low o high concenraion across he plasmamembrane wih he help o carrier proein and energy / AP.

P1 – here is no upake o ions by roo cellsP2 – meabolic poisons kill/ damaged he (roo) cellsP3 – no energy/ AP is produced

P4 – acive ranspor does no occur (Any hree)

11

1

1

1

1

111

1

2

1

1

1

1

3

Jawapan



8 SOALAN ULANGKJI SPM 2010

oror or

e) P1- Te glucose wih a high concenraion acs as a hyperonicsoluion

P2 - causing waer in ood o move ou hrough plasma membraneP3 – Tis causes ood o dehydraeP4 – condiion no avourable o microorganisms (Any hree)

1

111 3

oal 122a)(i)

(ii)

b)

c)(i)

(ii)

(iii)

d)

e)

W : chromaid X : spindle bre

Cell S : meaphaseCell : meaphase I

4

eses//Ovary//Anher//Ovule

10

-Radioherapy.-Radioacive rays will kill cancer cells-When all he cancer cells are desroyed, hey canno reproduce by miosis

Cloning-Problem: Cosly // expensive//All clones have same resisan owards diseases /environmenal acors

11

11

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

2

2

1

1

1

1

2

2oal 12

3a)

b)

c)(i)

(ii)

Secreion : BileFuncion : Lipids / as emulsier / breaking lipids ino iny droples

Absorpion / Diusion / Acive ranspor / Faciliaed Diusion

Tin wall / Single cell // long / olded// many microvilli// a nework o bloodcapillaries

11

1

1

1

1

2

2

1

1

D – Able o draw he ollowing pars

•Bloodcapillary,epithelium,lacteal,nger-like projecion

L – Able o label any wo pars •Bloodcapillary •Epithelium •Lacteal

J A W A

P A N B I O L O G Y




d)(i)

(ii)

F1 : no / less secreion lipaseE1:no/incompletelipiddigestionF2 : no / less secreion amylaseE2:no/lessstarchdigestionF3 : no / less secreion rypsin

E3:no/lessproteindigestion

F4 : No insulin releasedE4:thebloodglucoselevelhighF5 : No glucagon releasedE5:thebloodglucoselevellow(Any4Fand4E)

1. Avoid / Reduce he inake o oily ood2. Avoid / Reduce he inake o carbohydraes /sugar3. Reduce he inake o proein4. Injecions o insulin5. Pancreas implanaion

Any 4

Max 2

4

2oal 12

4a)

b)(i)

(ii)

c)(i)

(ii)

d)

Q : MiochondriaR : Golgi body/apparaus

Funcion o Q: o generae energy / sies o cellular respiraion

-Has ribosomes embedded on is surace-synhesizes and ranspors proein made by ribosomes

o ge rid o sains on clohes:F1- biological deergens conain proeases, amylases and lipasesP1- proeases acs on sains conaining proeins / blood / salivaP2- amylases acs on sains conaining sarch / sauces / ice cream/gravy P3- lipases are eecive in removing oil and grease (F1 & any P1/P2/P3)

Helping o enderize mea:F1 – Proease acs on proein in meaP1 – enderize / soens mea

- ‘lock and key hypohesis’.- Te subsrae is he ‘key’ ha s ino he enzyme ‘lock’- Te subsrae molecule s ino he acive sie o he enzyme

molecule.- orms he enzyme-subsrae complex.- he enzyme changes he subsrae o is produc.- Te produc leaves he acive sie.- Te enzyme is no alered by he reacion and i can be reused.

11

1

11

1

1

11

11

Any 1

2

1

2

2

2

3oal 12




5(a)

(b)

c )

d)

e)

)

Pain recepor

3 neurones – 2 m2 neurones - 1 m

P1 - When an impulses arrives in he axon erminalP2- i simulaes (synapic) vesicles o move owards and bind wih

he presynapic membraneP3 -Te vesicles use / release he neuroransmiter ino he synapseP4 -Te neuroransmiter molecules move across he synapse o he dendrie

o anoher neuroneP5 -Simulaed o rigger a new impulses which ravels along he

neurone

M : Sensory recepor // nger ipN:Eector//musclestissues

1. Accomodaion o he eye2. Producion o saliva

1. Te nerve impulse will no be sen rom aeren neurone o heeecor

2. Te eecor / muscles will no conrac3. Te hand will no be removed immediaely rom he needle. (Any one )

1

2

Max 4

11

11

1

1

2

4

2

2

1oal 12

oal Marks 60

J A W A

P A N B I O L O G Y




6(a)

b)

Pl- endons, ligamens, bones, muscles and joins are imporan eaures in amovemen,

P2- endons connec muscles o bones

P3- endons are srong and non elasicP4- Force is ranserred o bones hrough endons.P5- Movemen a he join is possible wih he aid o ligamens.P6- Ligamens connec wo bones ogeherP7- o give suppor and srengh o he join.P8- Ligamens are srong and elasic.P9- Te quadriceps / exensor muscles conrac while he biceps

emoris muscles relax and he leg is sraighened.P10- Te biceps emoris muscles conrac while he quadriceps /

exensor muscles relax and he leg is ben.P11- Cal muscles conrac o li up he heels.

P12- Fee push downward and backwardP13- Repeaed conracion and relaxaion o muscles resul in he running movemen.

Non-woody plans (herbaceous plans)Example:Balsamplant/anysuitableanswer

P1: (Suppor in herbaceous plans is) provided by he urgidiy o heparenchyma / collenchyma cells

P2: (When here is enough waer in he ground). he cells ake in waerby osmosis and become urgid.

P3: Te urgor pressure o he fuids in he vacuoles pushes he cellconens / plasma membrane agains he cell wall

P4: creaing suppor or i sem/ roos /leavesP5: Te hin hickening die cell walls wih cellulose / collenchyma

cells gives suppor o herbaceous plans

Woody plans :Example:Rambutantree/hibiscus/anysuitableexample

P6: Woody plans have specialised issues/sclerenchyma issues/xylem vessels/

racheids o give hem suppor;P7: Tese issues have cellulose walls which have deposis o lignin or added srengh.P8: Sclerenchyma cells have very hick walls (which do no allow waer o pass hrough).P9: (Tese cells are dead cells and) heir uncion is o pro¬vide suppor or he plan.P10: Xylem vessels have hick walls o lignin which are deposied during he plan’s

secondary growh.P11: Te lignied xylem vessels orm he woody issues o he sem.P12: Tis makes he plan sronger and also provides suppor or he plan.P13: racheids are also dead cells wih hick walls and very small diameers.P14: Tey are ound wih he xylem vessels and ogeher hey suppor he plans.

MAX

= 10marks

1

Any 4

1

Any 4

MAX = 10

marks

10

10oal 20

Secion B




7a)(i)

(ii)

b)

F: Siamese winP1: One sperm and one ovum are involve in erilizaionP2: o produce one/single zygoeP3: zygoe undergoes miosis repeaedly o orm blasocysP4: blasocys does no divide compleely

P5: Te wo blasocys implan/embedded ino endomerium wall anddevelop o embryo)P6: hey are joined a cerain par o he body (F wih any 5P) F: Downs’s SyndromeP1: due o he ailure o he wo homologous chromosome number 21

o separae normally P2: during anaphase 1/meiosis 1P3: produce a gamee wih a pair o homologous chromosome number

21P4: when above gamee use/erilized wih he normal gamees i

produces a zygoe wih a hree chromosome number 21. (F wih any 3P)

Geneic acorsF1: Crossing over during prophase 1/meiosis 1P1:occur beween chromaid rom a pair o homologous chromosomesP2: he exchange o pars beween chromaid resuls in new geneic combinaion.P3: produced a large number o gamees wih dieren geneic composiion.F2: independen assormenP4:homologous par o chromosome are arranged randomly on meaphase plae/

during meaphase 1

P5: during anaphase 1, each homologous pair o chromosomes separae.P6:resuling in an independen assormen o maernal and paernal

chromosomes ino daugher cells

F3: Random erilizaionP7: sperms and ovum wih a variey o combinaions o

chromosomes/geneically dieren are randomly erilized.P8: Tus, variaion exiss beween individuals rom he same

species//zygoe produces will have a variey o diploidcombinaion.

P9:muaion causes permanen change in he geneic composiion /genoype o an organismF4: Muaion

EnvironmentalfactorF1: (can cause variaion among individuals a same species) by ineracing wihgeneic acor.P: examples o acors; a leas 2 ypes - ood/exercise/skill/ experience/educaion/sunligh/climaic

Any 9 rom geneic acor And any 1 rom environmen acors

1

Any 5

1

Any 3

Max = 9

1

6

4

10oal 20

J A W A

P A N B I O L O G Y




8a)(i)

(ii)

(b)

-Greenhouse eec.-Greenhouse eec happens as carbon dioxide is released o heamosphere due o ores burning, emission rom vehicles, acory and will orm a layer o gas.

- Deoresaion also increases carbon dioxide

- Glass building refec hea-Te layer o carbon dioxide which is denser han air, prevenshea ha is refeced o he earh o be released.

-Te refeced hea will coninue o increase he emperaure o heEarth.

Ways o minimise:1. Te use o echnology o reduce polluion and desrucion o naure,Eg;thesmokechimneyisraisedandthereisaltertodecrease

he release o polluans o he amosphere, caalyic lers, ec2. Use alernaive renewable sources o energy eg; wind, solar3. Reoresaion4. Discourage open burning5.Encourageplantingoftrees//Greentheworldcampaign6.Environmentaleducationwithemphasison4Rconcept:Reduce,

Recycle, Reuse and Renew.

Negaive/bad eecs1.Exposesoiltosoilerosion//lossofnutrients//lossofwater

cachmen area2. Cause increase in amospheric carbon dioxide

3. Deoresaion causes he removal and hinning o he soil layer dueo exposure o wind and air.

4. Te botom o river is siled by eroded soil.5. Landslide occurs as he op layer o soil crumbles.6. Loss o habias.7. Loss o housand species o fora and auna due o he loss o

habias.

Posiive/good eecs1. Increases job opporuniies among villagers.

2. Improves he inrasrucure such as new roads.3. Increases he economic level o he villagers by selling logs.4. For building o houses or villagers

1

1

1

11

1

Any 4

Any 10

6

4

10oal 20




9a)

(b)(i)

(ii)

(c)

F: Producion o gasric juice/pepsin/rennin decrease.P1: Digesion o proein become slow/decreaseP2: Coagulaion o milk proein by rennin decrease.P3: Unable o provide acidic medium or enzyme reacion//baceria

canno be desroyed.

F1: Chronic hear diseaseP1: Her die conains large amouns o oil/cream/a and i causes areriosclerosis /hear problem / cardiovascular disease.F2: Consipaion.P2: Lack o rui/vegeables / bers leads o consipaion

P1: Drink scheme milk/low a milk and ea a boiled egg o reduce he cream and arom her dieP2: Replace sausage wih an orange o increase her rui bre inake

Lunch:P3: Drink resh rui juice because i has lower sugar conen/more viaminsP4:Eatsteamedrice/steamedchickentolowercholesterolintakeP5:Eatvegetable/saladtoincreasetheamountofroughage

Dinner:P6: Drink clear soup o reduce he choleserolP7: Use omao sauce wih her pasa because i conains less a and more bers.P8:Eatasliceofwatermelon/anyfruitstoincreaseherintakeofbertoprevent

consipaion

Geneic engineeringP1: ranser he benecial genes rom one organism o anoher

organism.P2: Obain/produces geneic modied organism/ransgenic organismP3: crop yield/animal conain gene ha able o enhance growh/

nuriional properies/resisance agains disease.

issue Culure

P4: issue/cell o paren plan are grown in culure medium.P5: daugher plan is called clone.P6: Produce many clone in a shor ime/produce large rui/mainain

good characerisic o paren plan

1111

11

11

Any 6

1

11

111

4

4

6

6oal 20

J A W A

P A N B I O L O G Y





No. Mark Scheme Score

1(a) Able o record all 5 readings or he disance raveled by air bubble correcly Sample answers

Fan speed Disance raveled by air bubble (cm)0 1.11 2.2

2 4.03 6.54 9.0

Able o record all 4 readings or he disance raveled by air bubble correcly Able o record all 3 readings or he disance raveled by air bubble correcly

No response or incorrec response

3

21

0No. Mark Scheme Score

1(b)(i)

Able o sae wo dieren observaions correcly.Sample answers1. A he an speed o 0, he disance raveled by air bubble is 1.1 cm2. A he an speed o 4, he disance raveled by air bubble is 9.0 cm

Able o sae one observaion correcly and one inaccurae observaionSample answers1. A he an speed o 0, he disance raveled by air bubble is shor.2. A he an speed o 4, he disance raveled by air bubble is long.

Able o sae one observaion correcly and one observaion a idea levelSample answer1. Te disance raveled by air bubble changes / increases / decreases2. As he an speed increases, he disance raveled by air bubble increases


3

2

1

0


1(b)(ii) Able o make wo inerences correcly. (Sample answers)1. A he an speed o 0, he air movemen is slow, hus he plan loses loses less waer.2. A he an speed o 4, he air movemen is high/as, hus he plan loses a lo o waer.

Able o make one inerences correcly and one – wo inaccurae inerences (Sample answers)1. Te shor disance raveled by air bubble shows a low air movemen.2. Te long disance raveled by air bubble shows a high .

Able o sae one inerences correcly and one – wo inerences a idea level (Sample answer)1. ranspiraion occurs a he shoo1. Ligh inensiy increases as disance rom ligh source decreases.


3

2

1

0




No. Mark Scheme Score1 (e)(i) Able o consruc a able correcly according wih ollowing aspec.

1. Able o sae he 3 iles wih unis – 1 mark 2. Able o record all he daa correcly – 1 mark 3. Able o calculae and record an speed and rae o ranspiraion correcly – 1 mark

3

No. Mark Scheme Score1 (d) Able o make a hypohesis relaing he manipulaed variable and he responding variable correcly.

Sample answerTe higher he air movemen, he longer he disance raveled by he air bubble// Te higher heair movemen, he higher he rae o ranspiraion// inversely

Able o make a hypohesis relaing he manipulaed variable and he responding variable incorrecly.Sample answerTe rae o ranspiraion is aeced by air movemen.

Able o make a hypohesis relaing he manipulaed variable and he responding variable a idea level.Sample answer Air movemen causes ranspiraion.


3

2

1

0


(c) Able o sae all 3 variables and he 3 mehods o handle he variableSample answers

Variable Mehod o handle he variable

Manipulaed variableFan speed//air movemen

Carry ou he experimen a dieren an speed

Responding variable

Disance raveled by air bubble// Rae o ranspiraion

Measure and record he disance raveled by air bubble by using a ruler // Calculae he rae o ranspiraion by using he ormula :

Disance raveled by air bubbleime

Consan variable

Ligh inensiy// emperaure// humidiy o

he surrounding // ype o plan

Fix he ligh inensiy o he surrounding/ Fix he emperaure a room emperaure/ Fix heair humidiy o be he same hroughou he

experimen // Use he same ype o plan Able o sae 4-5 variables and mehods o handle he variable correcly Able o sae 2-3 variables and mehods o handle he variable correcly No response or incorrec response

3

210

J A W A

P A N B I O L O G Y




No. Mark Scheme ScoreSample answer

Fan speed Disance raveled by air bubble (cm) ranspiraion rae (cm min-1)

0 1.1 0.221 2.2 0.44

2 4.0 0.803 6.5 1.304 9.0 1.80

Any wo correc. Any one correcNo response or incorrec response

210

No. Mark Scheme Score1(e)(ii)

Able o draw graph correcly according wih ollowing aspec.

P : Correc ile wih uni on boh horizonal and verical axis – 1 mark : All poins ploted correcly – 1 mark B : Able o join all poins o orm a smooh graph – 1 mark

Any wo correc. Any one correcNo response or incorrec response

3

210

No. Mark Scheme Score1 () Able o inerpre daa and explain wih he ollowing aspec :

1. Able o sae he relaionship beween rae o ranspiraion and air movemen2. Able o relae an speed o air movemen3. Able o relae o rae o evaporaion.Sample answerTe higher he air movemen, he higher he rae o ranspiraion. A higher an speed means higherair movemen. A a higher air movemen, he rae o evaporaion is high. Hence he loss o waerrom he plan is high.

Able o inerpre daa and wih 2 aspecs. Able o inerpre daa and wih 1 aspec.No response or incorrec response

3

210

No. Mark Scheme Score1 (g) Able o dene operaionally rae o ranspiraion based on he resul o he experimen.

1. Disance raveled by air bubble2. A dieren an speed3. Facor aecing i.Sample answerTe rae o ranspiraion is he disance raveled by an air bubble and is aeced by dieren anspeed which means dieren air movemen.


3

210




No. Mark Scheme Score Able o classiy all he acors ha can aec he rae o ranspiraion ino environmen acors andsrucural acors correcly.

Sample answer

Environmentfactors Srucural acorsLigh inensiy Number o somaa on he lea

Air humidiy Disribuion o somaa on he lea emperaure Size o lea

Able o classiy 4 acors in he inaccuraely. Able o classiy 3 acors a he idea level.No response or incorrec response

3

210

No. Mark Scheme Score1(h) Able o predic he oucome o he experimen correcly.

1. Correc predicion2. Reason3.Eect

Sample answerTe rae o ranspiraion increases, ha is he disance raveled by he air bubble is more han1.1 cm and he rae o ranspiraion is more han 0.22 cm min-1 because here is an increase inligh inensiy. A higher ligh inensiy increases he rae o evaporaion o waer vapour haaccumulaes a he somaa o he leaves. Hence more waer is los a a aser rae rom he leaves.


3

210

J A W A

P A N B I O L O G Y




Aspec Crieria Score

IdeniyingProblem

Saemen

Able o wrie a problem saemen correcly base on 3 crieria:•Manipulatedvariables-(Volumeofwaterintake)•Respondingvariables-(Volumeofurinereleased)•Relationship.

Sample Answer1. How does he volume o waer inake aec he volume o urine released?2. Wha is he eec o volume o waer inake on he volume o urine released?

Able o wrie a problem saemen bu less correcly base on 2 crieria. Able o give an idea abou he problem saemen base on 1 crierion.

Wrong or no response

3

√

21

0

Aspec Crieria Score

Variables Able o ideniy all he hree variables correcly Sample Answer• Manipulatedvariable:volumeofwaterintake

• Respondingvariable:volumeofurinereleased• Fixedvariable:samestudent/sameenvironment/time

√

Aspec Crieria Score

Objecive/Aim

Able o sae he objecive o he experimen correcly

Sample Answero deermine he eec o drinking dieren volume o waer onhe volume o urine released.

√

Aspec Crieria ScoreMaking

hypohesis Able o wrie a suiable hypohesis correcly base on he 3 crieria:• Manipulatedvariable• Respondingvariable• Relationship

Sample Answer1. Te higher he volume o waer inake, he higher he volume o urine released.

2. As he volume o waer inake increases, he volume o urine released increases.

Able o wrie a hypohesis bu less correcly base on he 2 crieria. Able o give an idea abou he problem saemen base on 1 crierion.No response

3

√

210




Aspec Crieria ScoreProcedure Able o wrie all he seps in carrying ou he experimen successully.

1 : Seps o se up he apparaus2 : Seps o handle he xed variable3 : Seps o handle he manipulaed variable

4 : Seps o handle he responding variable5 : Precauionary seps / seps aken o ge accurae resuls / readings

Scoring Rubric All 1-5 presen Any 3 – 4 presen Any 2 presen1 or wrong response[√] is given or any 1 presen.

3210√

Aspec Crieria Score

echnique Able o sae he echnique used in carrying ou he experimen correcly Sample AnswerMeasure and record he volume o urine released (aer a xed hour o consuming waer) by using a measuring cylinder.

B1 = 1√

Aspec Crieria Score

Maerialsand

Apparaus

Able o lis all maerials and apparaus needed o carry ou he experimen successully.

Sample AnswerMaerials : Boy/girl/suden, waer

(M) Apparaus : Beakers, glass/cup/mug, measuring cylinder(A) sop wach

Able o lis some maerials and apparaus needed o carry ou he experimen successully

Able o lis some maerials and apparaus needed o carry ou he experimen successully

Incomplee lis or wrong or no response

4A + 2M

3

√

2A + 2M2

1A + 2M10

J A W A

P A N B I O L O G Y




Procedure Score

1 1. A suden (Sample A) is chosen and insruced o empy his bladder beore he sar o heexperimen

3 2. Measure 200ml o waer and pu i ino he mug/cup/glass1 3 A suden (Sample A) is given 200ml o waer o drink.

1 4 A sop wach is sared immediaely aer consuming he waer.2 5 During he experimen, he is kep in (any xed suiable room) wihin 2 hours (any suiable

ime range).5 6 He is insruced no o ea or perorm any vigorous physical aciviies (wihin he given ime).2 7 Aer 2 hour, he sop wach is sopped and he is asked o empy his bladder.

1 8 Te volume o urine colleced is measured and recorded.1/5

9 Seps 2 – 8 is repeaed or dieren amoun o waer drank (400 ml, 600ml, 800ml,1000ml)

5 12 Te whole experimen is repeaed using 2 dieren sudens o ge a more accurae resul. 5 = 3 m

3-4 = 2 m1-2 = 1 m

5 13 Dispose he measured urine properly 4 14 Measure and record daa colleced ino a able.Graph o urine oupu agains he waer inake is ploted.

Planningexperimen

7-9 icks = 3m4-6 icks = 2m1-3 icks = 1m

Aspec Crieria ScoreConclusion Able o wrie a suiable conclusion or he experimen:

Sample AnswerTe higher he volume o waer inake, he higher he volume o urine released. Hypohesisis acceped.

√

Aspec Crieria ScoreCommuni-caing daa

Able o draw a complee able o record he relevan daa base on he 3 crieria:•Volumeofwaterintake•Volumeofurinereleased•Teunitsinmlorcm3

Sample Answer

B2= 1√

Volume o waerinake (ml)

Volume o urine released (ml)Suden A Suden B Suden C Average

200400

600800

1000

Biologi Spm Times 2010

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