Manufacturing System(Sistem Pembuatan)(JF201)DTP 2

TOPIK UTAMA:Production Planning(Perancangan Pengeluaran)Operation Management (Pengurusan Operasi)3. Work Study (Kajian Kerja)Quality Management (Kepastian Kualiti)(QA)Machine Maintenance (Senggeraan Machine)6. Material Handling (Kendalian Bahan)

Manufacturing System(Sistem Pembuatan)(JF201)Chapter 1 Production Planning(Perancangan dan Pengeluaran)

INTRODUCTIONManufacturing systemsis theprocess from start tocompletionincludingproduction control, quality control,managementand others.

Manufacturing process is one of production process.

INTRODUCTIONSystem

A group ofpartsthat are interconnectedwith acomplexstructuredanddesigned to worktogetherto achieveacommon objective.

Example:Transport,educationsystem(schools, polytechnics, universities),clinics and hospitals,vehiclemanufacturing factoryand so on.

INTRODUCTION (SAMB)

ORGANISATION oOPERATIONSchool/ UniversitiesEductional ActivitiesProduce man powerConduct researchVehicle Factory Design vehicleInstalling vehicleProduction a vehicle)Provide spares part supplyFast Food RestaurantPrepare Fast Food (chicken, pizza and burger)Sterilize Cooking UtensilsDelivery Food to customer

OPEN SYSTEM OPEN SYSTEM CYCLE

EXAMPLE OF OPEN SYSTEMCAR ASSEMBLY FACTORY

OPEN SYSTEM CHARACTERThis system respond to any changes that exist in the environment.Unpredictableinput.Output characterThe outputcharacteristicsdepending on theenvironmentis constantly changing.

CLOSE SYSTEMSystems that do notinteract withother systemsorenvironments.Known and fixed inputs

Smallsystemsusing theinput inwaysthat have been definedand predictable.

The outputcharacteristicshavebeen determined in advance.

CLOSE SYSTM EXAMPLEMechanical System in Vehicle Engine

BASIC TERMS OF SYSTEM

SYSTEM Group of partsthat are Interconnected,organizedwith thecomplex(complete)and is designed toworktogetherto achieveagoal/objectives.BOUNDARY The nature ofseparating thesystemfrom the environmentSUB- SYSTEMSmall systemsinlargesystems. An example is thebicycleis asub-systemforthe transport system.

BASIC TERMS OF SYSTEM(SAMB)

Small System

Example Small SystemSmallest component in the system

Polytecnic Academic staff, hostels, administration, library, workshop.Feedback System Hastwobasic componentsorother components such aserror detectionandfeedbackloops

Environ-mentEnvironmentor thedemarcationlinethat circlesthefield

STRUKTUR HIRARKI SYSTEMSUB SYSTEMSMALL SYSTEM

SMALLSYSTEMIN MANUFACTURINGSYSTEMSDivisionplayed a prominent rolein the managementand productionso thatthe systemwill run smoothly andsystematicallyare:

ProductionPlanning Division

Expenditurewillmakethe designbeforespendinganythingis executed

2. ProductionControl Division

The Department willissue ascheduleand targetsrequired by thecompanyfora monthlyor weeklygoalsthatshouldbe issuedbytheproduction.

SAMB3. Quality Control Division -QualityControlDepartmentis to ensure thatall productionis in accordance withthe quality ofdesign andspecificationsetby him. -Allproductsmust passthe standards set.

4. FinancialControl Division - The Department willcontrol allfinancialmovementsforall expenseswill affect thecompany'sannual profit

SAMBMarketing DivisonThe Department willensure that allproductswill be soldand marketedthe company immediatelyand strategiesso that itcan beacceptedin the market.

Research and Development Division ( R & D )

R & D departmentis adepartmentinvolved inresearch to improveand update existingproductsornewproductswill be issued.

MODELSymbolizessomething thatwill come true.It formedthe managersin making decisions.

The modelhelpsmanagers to: - Depthin managementor businessrelationship. - Find a wayora better wayinthe relationship. - Find ways toreduceor understandthe difficulty.

MODEL CLASSIFICATIONIcon Model -It isan imageor picturethat representsan objector asystemsimilar tothe actual situation. For example, an architectwill use themodel fora buildingto be built.

Schematic Model typically usedforpaintingsand drawings.

MODEL CLASSIFICATION (SAMB)Analog Model

- All thematerialsand toolsusedwith theequipment usedon an objectorsystem

Mathematic Model

-Mathematic Model isa set ofmathematicalrelationships. For example,linearequations,algebra, statisticsandso on.-Benefit : ModelsMathematics expedite inandmakedecisionsmore systematicapproachin analyzing. -Weakness: MathematicalModelstakea longtime,requireboardinghighand sometimesmisunderstood

PRODUCTION (Pengeluaran)Productionis the production ofgoods orservices.

These functionsarethe ingredients thatshould betherenot onlyto producebutneed to remaincompetitivewith other organizations.

3MAIN FUNCTIONORGANIZATION

The marketing function-generating demand, or at leastact astheresponsible for taking anyorders fromcustomer.

Production function -to producegoods. -Productioninvolves theplanning,production andqualitycontrol, maintenanceand otherplantsto ensure productsmeet therequiredlevel.

Financial or accountingfunctionthat can detecthow farthe organization andalsosolve allthe billsand collectall theprofits.

MANAGEMENTSCIENTIFICScientificmanagementisany kindof activitiesthat cangivesatisfaction to theusers of thegoodsor services that areenjoyedby usingtechniquesbased onthe principles ofeconomicalandscientificfactsin a systematic

MANAGEMENT SCIENTIFIC ACTIVITIES

ACTIVITIESKeteranganmerancangmerenung kehadapan dan menentukan tindakan apa yang perlu diambil. menyusun meletakkan setiap tindakan mengikut keutamaannyamengarahmemberikan tunjuk ajar tentang bagaimana sesuatu tindakan itu patut dibuat.mengkoordinasikanmemastikan rangkaian tindakan sera kewibawaan orang yang menjalankan kerja itu sentiasa dalam keadaan baik.mengawalmengikuti dengan teliti akan setiap tindakan yang dijalankan itu agar ia berpandukan perancangan yang telah dibuat.

Faedah dari Pengurusan Saintifik

pendekatan yang rasional kepada organisasi kerja membuatkan tugas dan proses boleh diukur dengan ketepatan yang baik.

pengukuran tugas dan proses memberikan maklumat penting untuk dijadikan dasar untuk pembaikan dalam kaedah kerja, rekabentuk loji dan lain-lain.

meningkatkan produktiviti hasil dari memajukan kaedah kerja.

menyumbangkan kepada pembaharuan yang besar untuk keadaan fizikal pekerjaan bagi pekerja.

membekalkan asas untuk pembaharuan yang besar dalam kajian kerja yang moden dan teknik kuantitatif yang lain.

bayaran atau insentif galakan dapat diberikan kepada pekerja.

Kelemahan pengurusan Saintifik.

menimbulkan perpecahan pekerja akibat oleh pemberatan analisa dan organisasi untuk tugas individu atau operasi.

meletakkan perencanaan dan kawalan aktiviti tempat .

mengetepikan penawaran yang sebenar bagi penilaian upah kerana setiap kerja diukur dan dikira secara saintifik.

PENGELUARAN BANTUAN KOMPUTERSesuatu pengeluaran menggunakan alatan/mesin yang dikendali oleh komputer sebagai alat bantuan, dalam menghasilkan keluaran yang menepati jumlah hasil keluaran dan had-had spesifikasi yang ditentukan oleh indstri atau pihak pengurusan industri itu sendiri.

Contohnya alatan seperti, Mesin kisar CNC, mesin larik CNC dan CAD-CAM.

KEBAIKAN DAN KELEMAHAN PENGELUARAN BERBANTU KOMPUTER

KebaikanKelemahanmengurangkan jumlah pekerja.mengurangkan masa memproses.mengurangkan kos/ upah pekerja.menambahkan pengetahuan dan kemahiran pekerja dari segi pembaikan dan mengendalikan mesin/alatan dengan bantuan komputer tersebut,.meningkatkan pengeluaran.kos alatan.mesin tinggi.kekurangan pekerja mahir yang boleh mengendalikan alatan tersebut.risiko tinggi jika mesin/alatan rosak.

END OF UNIT 1GOOD LUCK!!!!

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