Chapter III Repisian Yang Betul

8/13/2019 Chapter III Repisian Yang Betul

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CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the research methodology which has been briefly

introduced in chapter 1. In detail this chapter covers the method, research design,

population, sample, research instrument, research procedure, technique of data

collection, technique of data analysis, and testing hypothesis.

3.1 The Method of the Research

The aim of this research is to find out the effect of using media pictures on

the students' vocabulary. In conducting this research, the writer uses pre-

experimental method.

3.2. The Research Desi!

The sample in this research consists of one class that is class four in

primary school !"# $ %isang&al. This sample uses media pictures to improve

their vocabulary.

To &now the students' ability in vocabulary before learning process the

writer will give the sample a pre-test. To &now the students' improvement invocabulary after learning process the writer gives the sample the post-test.

3.3 The Po"#$atio! a!d Sa%"$e

3.2.1. Po"#$atio!

$(


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!ugiyono $(11)*( states that population is a region which consists of

ob+ects or sub+ects which have certain qualities and characteristics set by the

researchers to learn and then withdrawn the result. The population of this research

was the students of !"# %isang&al $.

3.3.2. Sa%"$e

!ugiyono $(11)*1 states that sample is a part of the number and

characteristics possessed by the population. The writer ta&es the sample in the

fourth grade of !"# %isang&al $, it consisted of 1 student.

3.&. The Research I!str#%e!ts

Three types of instruments used in this study are) pre-test, treatment and

post-test.

1. re-test

It is used to detect or measure the students' s&ills in vocabulary after the

matter are distributed before any treatment.

$. Treatment

It is intended to determine how much the influence of use of media picture

toward mastery of vocabulary. It consists of 1( pictures, and the students have toanswer 1( questions based on the given picture. The photos comes with

instructions, it aims to ma&e it easier for students to answer the questions.

. ost test


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It is used to detect or measure the students' s&ills in vocabulary after the

treatment. This test aims to determine whether there is a significant improvement

of students vocabulary after applying the treatment using media picture.

Test measurement is said well if it has good validity and reliability.

1. alidity of the test

It is measurement that shows the validity of instrument. It is counted using

product moment formula)

#otice)

n ) number of students

x ) number of each item score

y ) number of total score

The resulting validity coefficient, further interpreted using the following

criteria )

(,(( (, $( very low

(, $( (, /( 0ow

(,/( nough

(,2( (,*( 3igh

(,*( 1,(( ery high


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3. 9s&ing the nglish teacher to get a permission to conduct the research in

her class.

4. :iving pre-test to students. %onsisting of 1( questions, and the students

have to match those questions with the answers given.

5. :iving the treatment applying 1( pictures

6. :iving post-test in order to find out the result of teaching vocabulary by

using media picture.

7. %ollecting the data from pretest and posttest.

8. 9naly6ing the data collected from pretest and posttest.

9. Testing 3ypothesis.

10. ;a&ing conclusion of the data analysis.

3.(.The Tech!i)#e of Co$$ecti! the Data

In this research, the researcher uses participant observation as a technique

of data collection.

!ugiyono $(11)1/hile performing the observations, the researcher is

involved in what is done by the source data.


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9ccording to the statement above the researcher has to participate with the

ob+ect she is investigating to get the detail of the data.

3.*. The Tech!i)#e of A!a$i+i! the Data

In technique of data analysis, the writer used 0illiefors test as a normality

test. If the data are normal parametric, the researcher have to use T-Test. 8ut, if

the data are not normal non-parametric, the researcher have to use >ilcoxon

test.

To measure the reliability of the tests, it can be estimated by using the

formula of 0illiefors as normality test. 9ccording to !undayana $(1()*/= steps

of 0illiefors test= as follows.

a. to compute the average and the standard deviation of the score.

b. 9rrange the data from the smallest to the biggest on the table.

X=

c. %hange the values of x in values 6 with formula

d. To compute the large of 6 using table 6?

e. "etermine the data proportion values which smaller or equal with that data?

f. To compute the difference of large 6 with the values of proportion.

g. "etermine the maximum large 0 max ta&en from biggest large of part of f?

h. "ecide the large table of 0illiefors 0 tabel ? 0tabel 7 0 n-I?

i. %riteria of normality) if 0 max @ 0 table so the data are normal.

xplanation)


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n7 #umber of data

07 0arge of data

A7 9verage of x

A7 alue of each sample data

B7 Transpormation from value of x, to identify the normality using 0illiefors lest

!7 !tandard deviations

7 degree of confidence

T-Test Two !amples "ependent paired test

9ccording to !undayana $(1()1$2 the formula of the paired sample t-test

parametrict test, the formula is)

tobserved 7 xdiC!di

#ote )

# 7 sum of data

Adi 7 pre and posttest diversity average.

!di 7 !tandard deviation of diversuty

Dn 7 average of n

di 7 diversity pre and post test

>iloxon test )

If both of distributions of the data present and posttest show non parametric result

or one of distributions show non parametric result, it can be estimated by using

the formula of >ilixon test as a way to prove the hypothesis. 9ccording to

!undayana $(1()1( E !teps of >iloxon testF as follows.

a. To formulate the hypothesi


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b. To calculate the dispute value of every data

c. To decide transpormation value of the data possitive, negative or 6ero

d. To decide the ran& to the result of the third step, the smallest data is given

first ran& until the highest data.

e. !eparate positive value of ran& and negative value of ran&, then calculate it.

f. To decide the statistics >ilixon value that given >count with choosing the

smallest ran& value.

g. If the sum of data G $< data, compare >count and >table , criteria) accept

3o if >count H >table

h. If sum of data H $< data, we can use by using normal distribution

approaching, so we can use transpormation of 6 by formula)

9ccording to !undayana $(1() 11 the formula of paired sample

>ilixon test non-parametric test, the formula is)

Bcount 7 >count

>count 7 Transpormation from 6

n 7 !um of data

3., Testi! H-"othesis

9 hypothesis is certainly one of the important aspects of the research

process. 9s defined by !ur+a&usumah $(1$) 1( hypothesis is a prediction about


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the relationship among variables which not only was testable, but also repeatedly

was tested against data.

9s explained above, that all of the collecting process and analy6ing the

data is purposed to test the hypothesis. The hypothesis of this research says =Is

there any significant influence of using media pictures in nglish vocabulary=

Chapter III Repisian Yang Betul

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