CONCRETE ABRASIONAdam Baba Abdulai CE 702-Concrete DurabilitySpring 2016

CONCRETE Components

Cement Fine aggregate Coarse aggregate Water

Wide variety of uses Buildings Bridges Pavements

ABRASION Wearing away of the surface of a material In concrete:

Durability issue Numerous causative agents (vehicles, pedestrians, wind borne materials) Damage from friction, grinding action, repetitive loading

CONCRETE ABRASION

Figure 1a: Abraded concrete surface exposing aggregates and reinforcement [1] Figure 1b: Abrasion damage to concrete baffle blocks and floor area in Yellowtail Diversion Dam sluiceway, Montana [2]

CURRENT TEST METHODS Numerous ASTM test methods

ASTM C779/C779M-12 ASTM C944/C944M-12 ASTM C418-12 Among others

“chosen based on how closely the expected service conditions are matched by the test”

CURRENT RESEARCH

“Replacing the usual components of concrete with alternative materials”

CURRENT RESEARCH PAPER 1: concrete

containing polyolefin fibers and silica fumes while varying the w/cm ratio of samples Lower w/cm ratio is better for

abrasion resistance Lower w/cm ratio is better for

compressive strength Silica fume use is good Results of polyolefin fiber

inclusion is inconclusiveSource: An, Cheng, and Lin Wei-Ting. "Abrasion Resistance of Concrete Containing Polyolefin Fibers and Silica Fumes." Polymers & Polymer Composites 22.5 (2014): 437-442

Figures 2a and 2b: Relationship between abrasion resistance and polyolefin fibre and silica fume samples

CURRENT RESEARCH PAPER 2: influence of class

F fly ash on the abrasion–erosion resistance of high-strength concrete with varying w/cm ratios High strength concrete Use of fly ash to reduce heat Lower w/cm ratio is good Increased age is good Fly ash does not improve

samples against abrasionSource: Yen, Tsong, et al. "Influence of Class F Fly Ash on the Abrasion–Erosion Resistance of High-Strength Concrete." Construction and Building Materials 21. (2007): 458-463.

Figures 3a and 3b: Relationship between abrasion resistance and level of class F fly ash replacement at different ages

CURRENT RESEARCH PAPER 3: effect of fine

aggregate replacement with class F fly ash on the abrasion resistance of concrete This is less common Increased compressive

strength Better strength with age Fly ash does improve samples

against abrasion Increased age is goodSiddique, Rafat. "Effect of Fine Aggregate Replacement with Class F Fly Ash on the Abrasion Resistance of Concrete." Cement and Concrete Research 33. (2003): 1877-1881

Figures 4a and 4b: Relationship between abrasion resistance and fly ash replacement level and compressive strength and level of class F fly ash replacement

CURRENT RESEARCH PAPER 4: abrasion and

freezing-thawing resistance of pervious concretes containing waste rubbers Decreased strength Better abrasion resistance Even better with smaller

sized rubber bits Rubbers restrict direct

friction

Gesoʇlu, M., et al. "Abrasion And Freezing-Thawing Resistance of Pervious Concretes Containing Waste Rubbers." Construction and Building Materials 73. (2014): 19-24.

Figure 5: Relationship between abrasion and replacement level of aggregate with rubber

CURRENT RESEARCH PAPER 5: properties of high

strength concrete containing scrap tire rubber Decreased strength Better abrasion resistanceThomas, Blessen Skariah, and Ramesh Chandra Gupta. "Properties of High Strength Concrete Containing Scrap Tire Rubber." Journal of Cleaner Production 113. (2016): 86-92.

Figure 6a: Relationship between percent of crumb rubber and depth of abrasion

IMPACT ON FUTURE RESEARCH Impact on future research

Testing even more materials as alternatives At what point is the line drawn where strength is not proportional to compressive

strength Sustainability goals Customizing concrete to match use

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