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1) What is politeness? 2) Explain what is ‘face’ in politeness theory. 3) What is a ‘positive

face’? Give an example from Malaysian culture. 4) What is a ‘negative face’? Give an

example from Malaysian culture. 5) What is bald on-record strategy? Give an example. 6)

What is positive politeness strategy? Give an example. 7) What is negative politeness

strategy? Give an example.

1) What is contextual analysis? 2) What are the benefits of contextual analysis?

Forum 5

1)  What do students need to do improve their communication competence?

Communication and competency as a concept is best defined as the well-crafted

ability to send, receive and understand messages in any context. It involves careful

listening, questioning, and articulation of information. While some people are born

with some kind of innate ability to effectively communicate, for most of us, it takes a

good deal of practice. Listen more carefully to the students’ response. 

2)  We know that Vocabulary is important and it should be taught in context. What is

context?

Context means the circumstances that form the setting for an event, statement, or

idea, and in terms of which it can be fully understood and assessed.

3)  What does context involve?

The information needs to be checked against language use

e.g. If/ whether ( teacher are often asked to explain…) 

I like to run/ I like running

He stopped to talk/ he stopped talking

The first step in CA is to find an interesting question to research

4)  What are 2 principal kinds of relations between vocabulary items in texts?

CA can be combined with speech act and speech event analyses.e.g. . should / ought to/ and suppose to

e.g. ‘perhaps,’ maybe’, and sometimes” 

e.g. passive and active voice

5) Explain ‘reiteration’ and ‘collocation’ and give examples of each. 

‘reiteration’ to state or do over again or repeatedly sometimes with wearying effect for

example : duplicate, redo, reduplicate, repeat, remake,

A collocation is made up of two or more words that are commonly used together in English.

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For example : to feel free, to come prepared, to save time, to find a replacement

Muhammad Firdaus Bin Abdul Ghani

1028789 sect 12

Forum 4

1)  What is assimilation and elisions?Assimilation is concerned with one sound becoming phonetically similar to an

adjacent sound.

The term elision describes the disappearance of a sound. For example, in the

utterance He leaves next week speakers would generally elide (leave out) the /t/ in

next saying /neks wi:k/. Again here, the reason is an economy of effort, and in some

instances the difficulty of putting certain consonant sounds together while

maintaining a regular rhythm and speed.

2)  Give examples. Handbag, bank, post office, feast, get up, beast, He sees his sister.

3)  How would you teach phonology to your students?

Develop phonological awareness by understanding the different ways that oral

language can be divided into smaller components and manipulated. Spoken

language can be broken down in many different ways, including sentences into

words and words into syllables (e. g., in the word simple, /sim/ and /ple/), onset and

rime (e. g., in the word broom, /br/ and /oom/). In the other hand, skills that

represent children's phonological awareness lie on a continuum of complexity. At

the less complex end of the continuum are activities such as initial rhyming and

rhyming songs as well as sentence segmentation that demonstrates an awareness

that speech can be broken down into individual words.

4)  Give some suggestions.

Rhyming songs, sentence segmentation, syllable segmentation and blending and so

on.

Muhammad Firdaus Bin Abdul Ghani

1028789 sect 12