KEMAHIRAN ASAS PERMAINAN HOKI

KEMAHIRAN ASAS PERMAINAN HOKI

Permainan hoki mempunyai pelbagai kemahiran yang perlu dikuasai. Setiap kemahiran yang ada di dalam permainan ini mempunyai kelebihan tersendiri. Jadi, harapan kami agar pelajar dapat berusaha untuk mengusai kemahiran yang telah diajar.Hoki juga satu permainan fizikal yang memerlukan pelbagai unsur seperti kepantasan, kelincahan, kekuatan, daya tahan, strategi dan teknikal. Ia sangat penting kerana ia memberikan kelebihan seseorang pemain itu dengan pemain yang lain. Apabila seseorang pemain itu dapat menguasai kemahiran-kemahiran tersebut, ia memberi peluang kepada meraka untuk kreativiti dan gaya individual.Antara kemahiran-kemahiran asas yang perlu dikuasai oleh setiap pemain ialah menggelecek, memukul, menolak, dan menerima atau menahan bola.

1.MenggelecekMenggelecek adalah kemahiran yang penting. Kemahiran ini perlu dikuasai untuk membawa bola, melepaskan diri daripada pemain lawan, mengekalkan pemilikan bola, menukar arah, dan sebagainya. Terdapat tiga cara menggelecek, iaitu menggelecek longgar, menggelecek rapat, dan menggelecek Indian(Indian Dribble).

Kedudukan kaki yang betul semasa menggelecek bola caraIndian dribble

Cara memegang kayu yang betul semasaindian dribble.

2. MemukulMemukul juga kemahiran asas dalam permainan hoki yang perlu dikuasai oleh setiap pemain. Kelebihan kemahiran memukul ini adalah membolehkan bola bergerak dengan cepat dan jauh. Ketepatan semasa memukul bola adalah sangat penting, supaya bola tidak tersasar ke arah lain.

kedudukan yang betul semasa memukul bola statik.Pastikan kayu dipegang dengan kemas.

Pastikan pemain fokus pada bola semasa hendak memukul bola. Pegangan dan hayunan kayu yang betul juga dapat menghasilkan pukulan yang kuat.

3. MenolakKemahiran menolak adalah berlainan dengan kemahiran memukul, walaupun tugasnya sama seperti kemahiran memukul. Antara perbezaan ketara jika dibandingkan dengan kemahiran memukul ialah kemahiran menolak tidak memerlukan hayunan kayu hoki dan kuasa atau tekanan yang dikenakan kepada bola adalah berlainan. Kebiasaannya tiada bunyi ketukan terhasil dari tolakan bola.

Kedudukan atau postur sedia untuk menolak bola

Teknik yang betul ketika menolak bola, hasilnya pasti meletup

4. Menerima dan menahan bolaKemahiran menerima atau menahan bola juga salah satu kemahiran yang sangat penting dan perlu dikuasai oleh pemain. Kemahiran ini digunakan untuk menerima bola yang dihantar dari rakan sepasukan supaya kedudukan atau pemilikan bola masih berada dalam kawalan pasukan sendiri, tidak jatuh ke pasukan lawan. Kedudukan semasa menerima atau menahan bola boleh dilakukan semasa berada dalam kedudukan statik ataupun sedang bergerak.

cara yang betul untuk menahan bola tinggi.

*Kesalahan yang kerap dilakukan

Terdapat beberapa kesalahan yang sering dilakukan oleh pemain atau pelajar semasa menggunakan kemahiran memukul ini. Apabila kesalahan dilakukan ia menyebabkan kesan yang negatif dan tidak diingini. contoh bola tidak sampai ke penerima, arah bola berlainan, dan bola keluar dari kawasan permainan atau jatuh ke pihak lawan.Antara kesalahan yang sering dilakukan ialah:i. Pegangan pada pemegang kayu hoki tidak kuat. Pegangan yang longgar menyebabkan kontek bola dengan kayu hoki tidak kuat dan bola tidak pergi jauh.

ii. Pegangan tangan yang terlalu dekat dengan hujung kayu hoki. Pegangan yang terlalu dekat menjadikan ayunan kayu hoki tidak terlalu kuat.

iii. Lajaran diberhentikan semasa memukul bola. Ini menyebabkan kuasa ayunan tersebut sedikit berkurangan.

iv. Bukaan kaki yang tidak sesuai menyebabkan kehilangan keseimbangan ketika hendak memukul bola.

v. Bahu tidak menunju ke arah sasaran bola yang hendak dipukul.

Semoga pelajar atau pemain dapat mengenalpasti dan memperbaiki kesilapan yang telah dilakukan dalam mengusai kemahiran.

http://teacherzaieone.blogspot.com/2010/01/kemahiran-asas-permainan-hoki.htmlI know there are different rules at different levels of hockey, but I think that players will learn A LOT more if they enjoy practice, want to come, and want to learn. One of the best ways to help players have fun at practice, and develop their skills is with fun hockey drills.That is whyI have posted this article with the top fun hockey drills (according to the OMHA)

1. SCRIMMAGEScrimmaging is a great way to develop teamwork. These scrimmages can take place with any number of players on each side. (3 on 3, 5 on 5 etc) To further develop skills like passing, speed and teamwork, try playing cross ice 3 on 3.

2. SHOOTOUT Option 1: Your standard player going in on his/her own against the goalie. The shootout helps to develop breakaway skills along with stick handling, puck control and shooting. This drill is also designed to help goalies challenge players approaching, square up to the shooter and build confidence. The player would come down on the goalie from centre ice. It is important to encourage creativity and more importantly, FUN!

Option 2: Relay Passing / Scoring Skills Divide players into 2 groups On whistle first player in each line goes in for shot on net,keep shooting until goal is scored.

After goal, player skates outside blue line, picks up anotherpuck and goes in with 2nd player in line for a 2 on 0.

Continue 3 on 0, 4 on 0 until all players in line have gone.

Relay is won by first team who slides over blue line after last goal is scored.

Each player must touch puck before shot on net follow

3. TWO ON ONE This drill is designed for both forwards and defence. Its purpose is to develop defensive skillsalong with offensive skills. There are many variations of this drill. Ex. Have a defenseman breakout from behind the net and pass to a winger on the boards at the hash marks. The winger then makes an outlet pass to the centre who is skating up the middle. They both clear the zone and turn around to produce a 2 on 1 on the defenseman who started the play. Depending on skill level, a coach could dump the puck in and have the goalie stop it behind the net for the defenseman, then continue as stated above.

4. ONE PUCK HORSESHOE Using one offensive zone only, split the team into two lines and have them line up in the corner. The coachwill set up one puck centred midway between the top of the circle and the blue line. On the coachs whistle, the first player from each line skates out of the corner, around the neutral zone dot and competes for the one puck. This now becomes a one-on-one drill. Play until a goal is scored or until the goalie controls the puck. Designed to develop both offensive and defensive skating and turning. This also develops the goalies ability and confidence on one-on-ones.

5. PASSING HORSESHOE Players line up in both corners in one zone.The first player from one line will skate out and around the neutral zone dot, and receive a pass from the first player in the opposing line. Theplayer who just made the pass will skate out and receive a pass from the opposite corner. Repeat. This is common for pre-game warm-ups. This drill gets the legs moving and allows all players to control and pass the puck.

6. RELAY RACES Create 2-4 groups. Each group competes against one another. The relay race can consist of anything from turns, jumping over sticks, sliding under objects or scoring goals. The idea is to create a fun way for players to skate as fast as they can while performing other tasks (i.e. stick handling, turning etc).This will create better balance and agility. Competing against team mates will push them to try harder and will create friendly competition.

7. BRITISH BULL DOG Designed to be a fun way to develop agility and lateral movement. The object is to have one player, The Bull Dog catch/touch the other players. Once a player has been caught by the Bull Dog, they become a Bull-Dog. Have all players put their sticks behind the goalie line. Select a Bull Dog, who will line up at centre ice. The rest of the players start on the goal line and their objective is to make it to the opposite goal line without being caught by the bull dog. The game begins each time the coach yells, British Bull Dog This process is repeated at each end until there is one player remaining. This person shall be crowned the winner.

8. SHOOTING A wide variety of options. A player favourite is the Clover Drill.This drill is a combination of pass receiving and quick releases. Pylons are set up on four corners of the offensive circle with a net directly in front of the circle. Players will start from the circles centre dot and move around a pylon and return to the centre point to receive a pass for a quick shot. The player mustalways face the passer/net. Players will go around all four pylons for four shots. Then the next player in line takes the starting position.

9. PASSING Encourage players to try forehand, backhand and saucer passes. Have them pass over, under and around obstacles. A fun game could be monkey in the middle. Here is a great passing & receiving circuit:

Montreal Drill04 passes to 01, 01 02, 02 03, 03 back to 04 in the slot (rotate)

Pass with AccuracyMove laterally giving and receiving passes on the outside of the cones

Pig in the MiddleOne checker between 3 players, with players continuously passing the puck until the checker intercepts. Checker then trades places and becomes a passer

Figure 8 PassingOne player passes to partner who performs figure-8 pattern around pylons. Pass receiver must maintain eye contact with the passer at all times. One touch passes or puck control around pylons before return pass is made.

10. PULL DRILL A great drill to develop leg strength and skating power. Have two players stand one in front of the other facing the same direction. Each player will hold their stick in one hand and hold onto the other players stick in the opposite hand. The player in the back can go down to their knees and hold the sticks. The player in front will pull the other player the length of the ice. Then the players will switch. Players in the back can also lie on their stomachs.

http://howtohockey.com/top-10-fun-hockey-drillsThe game of field hockey is second largest, in terms of number of participating countries. In field hockey, players try to push, flick and hit balls in order to score. The size of field used for playing hockey is 91.40 m x 55 m. The opposing teams have 11 players each, excluding 5 substitutes. There are no fixed or defined positions in the game of hockey. The hockey players generally arrange their positions in a manner similar to that of soccer players. The ball and stick are the basichockey equipmentrequired for field hockey drills and play.

Field Hockey DrillsThe basic field hockey drills mentioned in the article below would help in preparing the players for real games. These field hockey drills for beginners would prove to be useful in training.

Preparation Station DrillThe preparation station can be a small, 5 ft. x 5 ft. area marked with the help of plastic cones. Players step into the area one by one. These players receive 10 passes each from other players. The players who step into the preparation station can touch the ball being passed just twice. The first touch helps in preparing players for a shot. The next touch is used for pushing or shooting the ball. It is one of the best field hockey drills for kids.

Triangle DrillIt can be used as one of the important field hockey drills for high school students. In this drill, players should be divided in groups of three. Warming up involves passing the ball to one another. After the warm up, players should try practicing passes, while on move. The player who passes the ball should move in the direction of the ball. Receiver of the ball need to step up and catch the ball. Pace of passing the ball should be increased gradually. The whole practice provides players with a real life scenario of a hockey game. It helps in improving the passing and receiving skills considerably.

Pressing DrillsIn the pressing drill, both the teams have 5 players each. Till the first goal is scored by any team, game continues like a regular match. As soon as the first goal is scored by a team, that particular team now, concentrate its efforts on defense and stops attacking. Until the opposing team levels the score, regular game cannot be started. The leading team plays possession hockey while the opposing team tries to grab opportunities of scoring goals. This type of drill provides enough pressing practice to both teams. This is one of the best field hockey drills for goalies along with defenders.

Loose Ball ScrambleThe loose ball scramble is a simple but effective way of improving the dribbling skills of players. To carry out this drill, the players need to be paired and made to face each other. Two parallel lines with a distance of 15 feet between them need to be drawn on the field. Players should stand on these lines and face each other. A ball should be placed in between each pair of players. The players should scramble for the ball once they are shown the visual sign; dropping of a flag can serve as a visual sign for the drill to begin. The player who takes possession of the ball and puts it behind him is the winner.

3v2 Drill with Counter AttackThis drill involves 3 players each from opposite teams. A 40 x 30 yard field is enough to conduct this drill. In this drill, the players have to score goals within a 6 m distance. Attacking team or the team which has possession of ball advances with 3 players. The defending team always plays with 2 players. As soon as they gain possession of the ball, the third player comes into play. Until the defending team gains possession of the ball, the third player stays inside the 6 m line.

History of Hockey: The Beginnings

Hockey has its origins in some of the most ancient cultures of the world. A game similar to modern-day field hockey has been found depicted on 4000 year old tombs in Egypt. The picture depicted two men with sticks having curved ends, standing over a ball.

It has been evidenced that Arabs, Persians, Romans, Ethiopians and even the Aztecs played a version of hockey.

The Romans called the game 'Paganica'. The Irish had a game of hurling dates which goes back to 1272 BC. A game called 'Chueca' was depicted to be played in Argentina by the Araucano Indians. The Australian Noongar people played a game called 'Dumbung'.

In Europe, a hockey-like game was played. It was called 'Cambuca', 'Comocke' or 'Cammock' in England, 'Shinty' in Scotland, 'Jeu De Mail' in France, 'Het Kolven' in the Netherlands. The game has also been called 'Clubbes', 'Hurl-Bat', 'Baddins', and 'Shinnops'. The Statutes of Galway had even forbidden the game in 1527.

It is said that the name 'Hockey' has been derived from the French word 'Hocquet' which is used to describe a shepherd's crook. Or, it could have been derived from the Anglo-Saxon word for hook which is 'Hok'.

Therefore, one cannot be certain about who invented hockey, as such, or about who was the inventor of hockey as a game.

History of Field Hockey

A game like hockey was played in English Public Schools in the 19th Century. Like any other team games, the popularity of hockey increased with time. At the time, hockey was played on a larger field and they used a cube of black rubber with rough sticks which were planed on one side. The first English Hockey Club was Blackheath, and was formed around 1849.

The modern game of field hockey was then further developed by the Teddington Cricket Club. The members of the club were looking for some form of winter exercise and did not particularly care for football. Between 1871 to 1874, they experimented with the game and began to formulate rules for it.

The Hockey Association was formed in 1886 by seven London Clubs and the game grew from then on. However, most of the clubs did not agree with the rules and formulated their own rules of the game.

The Blackheath club preferred to use the rubber cube, along with catching, marking and scrimmaging based on rugby. The Teddignton Club, however, played with old cricket balls and began the use of the striking circle.

Soon enough, the game of Hockey reached all the English territories of the time, predominantly India and Pakistan. The first hockey club was formed in 1885 in Calcutta. In the ensuing 10 years, the Beighton Club and the Aga Khan Tournament were introduced in India.

Women's Hockey developed a little separately from the Men's Hockey. It was first played in the British schools and universities. The first Women's Hockey Club was the Molesey Ladies Hockey Club and was formed in 1887.

In 1895, the International Rules Board was formed for the game of Hockey.

Hockey first appeared in the Olympics at 1908 which were played in London. There were 3 teams - England, Scotland and Ireland.

In 1924, the International Hockey Federation was formed under Paul Leautey. Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, France, Spain, Hungary and Switzerland were the founding members of this federation. From after WW II, the development of this federation was under the leadership of Rene George Frank, a Belgian.

In 1927 the International Federation of Women's Hockey Associations was formed.

By the 1928 Amsterdam Olympics, Men's Hockey had become a permanent part of the Games. In the 1928 Olympics, India won all the 5 games of Hockey without conceding a single goal. India continued to win the Hockey tournaments in the Olympics from 1932 to 1956 and then in 1964 and 1980. Pakistan won the game in 1960, 1968 and in 1984.

Women's Hockey was introduced into the Olympics in 1980 and the teams of Germany, Australia and the Netherlands have held their strong position here as well.

History of Field Hockey: Today

Today, Hockey is played on synthetic turf. This was first introduced in the 1976 Montreal Olympics. Astroturf has become an integral part of the modern game of field hockey.

The hockey sticks were traditionally made out of wood. Later, material such as fiberglass, carbon fiber, Kevlar began to be applied to the wooden surface. Nowadays, players use sticks which are made out of synthetic composite materials.

Even the hockey ball has now changed from a cricket ball-type leather ball to hard plastic ball.

http://www.buzzle.com/articles/history-of-hockey.htmlhttp://www.sportplan.net/drills/Hockey/index.jsp