KERTAS 2 BAHAGIAN A SECTION A [60 markah/60 marks] 1. · KERTAS 2 BAHAGIAN A SECTION A [60...

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KERTAS 2 BAHAGIAN A SECTION A [60 markah/60 marks] 1. Rajah 1 menunjukkan sebahagian Jadual Berkala unsur. Diagram 1 shows part of the Periodic Table of elements. Rajah 1/Diagram 1 (a) Nyatakan unsur yang merupakan State the element which is (i) monoatom. Monoatomic. …………………………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark / 1 markah] (ii) halogen. Halogen. …………………………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark / 1 markah] (iii) logam alkali. Alkali metal. …………………………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark / 1 markah] (b) Unsur yang manakah ialah logam peralihan? Which of the elements are transition metals? ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. [2 marks / 2 markah] (c) Nyatakan tiga sifat khusus bagi unsur peralihan. State three of special properties of transition elements? ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. [3 marks / 3 markah]

Transcript of KERTAS 2 BAHAGIAN A SECTION A [60 markah/60 marks] 1. · KERTAS 2 BAHAGIAN A SECTION A [60...

KERTAS 2

BAHAGIAN A

SECTION A

[60 markah/60 marks]

1. Rajah 1 menunjukkan sebahagian Jadual Berkala unsur.

Diagram 1 shows part of the Periodic Table of elements.

Rajah 1/Diagram 1

(a) Nyatakan unsur yang merupakan

State the element which is

(i) monoatom.

Monoatomic.

……………………………………………………………………………………………

[1 mark / 1 markah]

(ii) halogen.

Halogen.

……………………………………………………………………………………………

[1 mark / 1 markah]

(iii) logam alkali.

Alkali metal.

……………………………………………………………………………………………

[1 mark / 1 markah]

(b) Unsur yang manakah ialah logam peralihan?

Which of the elements are transition metals?

………………………………………………………………………………………………..

[2 marks / 2 markah]

(c) Nyatakan tiga sifat khusus bagi unsur peralihan.

State three of special properties of transition elements?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………..

[3 marks / 3 markah]

(d) Mengapakah jejari atom semakin berkurang apabila merentasi Q, S dan T?

Why the atomic radius decreases across Q, S and T?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

[2 marks / 2 markah]

2 25 cm3 asid hidroklorik cair 0.1 mol dm

-3 telah ditindak balaskan dengan serbuk

magnesium berlebihan seperti di dalam radas berikut. Gas yang dibebaskan

dikumpulkan di dalam buret.

25 cm3 dilute hydrochloric acid 0.1 mol dm

-3 is reacted with excess magnesium powder

as shown in the set up of apparatus below. The gas liberated is collected in a burette.

[1 mol sebarang gas menempati 22.4 dm3 pada s.t.p dan 24 dm

3 pada keadaan bilik;

Jisim atom relative: Mg=24; H=1; Cl=35.5]

1 mol of any gas occupies 22.4 dm3 at s.t.p and 24 dm

3 at room condition;

Relative atomic mass: Mg=24; H=1; Cl=35.5]

Rajah 2/ Diagram 2

Jawab soalan-soalan berikut berdasarkan tindak balas di atas.

Answer the following questions based on the reaction above.

(a) Namakan gas yang dibebaskan dalam tindak balas tersebut.

Name the gas liberated during the reaction.

………………………………………………………………[1 markah/1 mark]

(b) (i) Hitung bilangan mol gas yang terbebas sekiranya 17.40 cm3 gas

terkumpul pada keadaan bilik.

Calculate the number of mol of gas released for 17.40 cm3 of gas

collected at room condition.

[1 markah/1 mark]

buret

burette

Asid hidroklorik cair

Dilute hydrochloric acid Serbuk magnesium

Magnesium powder

acid

(ii) Hitung jisim gas yang dikumpulkan.

Calculate the mass of the gas collected.

[1 markah/1 mark]

(c) (i) Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas tersebut.

Write a chemical equation for the reaction above.

…………………………………………………………………….

[2 markah/2 marks]

(ii) Hitungkan bilangan mol gas yang sepatutnya dibebaskan dalam tindak

balas tersebut.

Calculate the actual number of mole of gas that should be released in the

reaction above.

[3 markah/3 marks]

(iii) Mengapakah bilangan mol gas yang terbebas kurang dari yang sepatutnya

dibebaskan?

Why is the number of mole different from the actual value supposed to be

evolved?

………………………………………………………………………….

[1 markah/1 mark]

3. (a) Berikut menunjukkan contoh bahan tambahan makanan.

The following shows the examples of food additives.

Natrium nitrit

Sodium nitrite

Asid benzoik

Benzoic acid

Sulfur dioksida

Sulphur dioxide

(i) Apakah jenis bahan tambahan makanan bagi contoh di atas?

What is the type of food additives of the above examples?

…………………………………………………………………………[1 markah/ 1 mark]

(ii) Apakah fungsi bahan tambahan makanan ini?

What is the function of these food additives?

……………………………………………………………………………………….

[1 markah/ 1 mark]

(iii) Makanan yang manakah mengandungi asid benzoik? Berikan dua contoh.

Which kind of food contains benzoid acid? Give two examples.

………………………………………………………………………………………

[2 markah/ 2 mark]

(b) Ester ialah satu contoh agen perisa. Namakan dua contoh agen perisa.

Ester is an example of flavouring agent. Name two examples of flavouring agents.

…………………………………………………………………………………………….

[2 markah/ 2 mark]

(c) Jadual 3 menunjukkan dua jenis ubat.

Table 1 shows three types of medicine.

Jadual 3

(i) Nyatakan jenis ubat A. Berikan satu contoh ubat A.

State the type of medicine A. Give one example of A.

………………………………………………………………………….[2 markah/ 2 mark]

(ii) Adalah penting bagi seorang pesakit untuk menghabiskan semua antibiotik yang

dipreskripsikan oleh doktor. Mengapa?

Completing the whole course of antibiotic treatment given by doctor is important. Why?

……………………………………………………………………………………...

…………………………………………………………………………………………….

[2 markah/ 2 mark]

Jenis ubat

Type of medicine

Fungsi

Function

Analgesik

Analgesic

Untuk menghilangkan kesakitan.

To relieve pain.

A

Untuk mengubah emosi dan kelakuan pesakit.

To change the emotions and behaviour of the

patient.

4. Rajah 4 menunjukkan tindakbalas kimia yang menukarkan sebatian karbon kepada

sebatian karbon yang lain.

Diagram 4 shows the chemical reactions that convert carbon compounds to other

carbon compounds.

Tindak balas I Tindak balas II Reaction I Reaction II

Tindak balas III

Reaction III

(a) Namakan tindak balas I .

Name reaction I.

…………………………………………………………………………………………..

[1 markah/1 mark]

(b) Tuliskan persamaan kimia yang seimbang untuk pembentukan asid propanoik dalam

tindak balas II.

Write a balanced equation for the formation of propanoic acid in reaction II.

‘’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’’

[2 markah/2 marks]

(c) (i) Cadangkan satu nama mangkin yang digunakan dalam tindak balas III.

Suggest a name of catalyst which is used in reaction III.

…......................…………………………..…………………………………………....

[1 markah/1 mark]

(ii) Lukiskan formula struktur sebatian X.

Draw the structural formula of X compound.

[1 markah/1 mark]

Propena

Propene Propan-1-ol

Propan -1-ol

Rajah 4

Diagram 4

Asid propanoik

Propanoic acid

Sebatian X

Compound X

Polipropena

Polypropene

(d) Jadual 5 menunjukkan keputusan penggumpalan lateks

Table 5 shows result of latex coagulation.

Kaedah

Procedure

Pemerhatian

Observations

Asid propanoik di tambahkan kepada lateks

Propanoic acid is added to latex

Lateks menggumpal segera

Latex coagulations immediately

Jadual 5

Table 5

Terangkan bagaimana asid propanoik boleh menggumpalkan lateks.

Explain how propanoic acid can coagulate latex.

……………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………….

[3 marks/3 marks ]

(e) Jelaskan mengapa polipropena menyebabkan masalah kepada alam sekitar.

Explain how polypropene causes the environmental problem.

………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………………….

[2 markah/ 2 marks }

5. Rajah 5.1 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi eksperimen yang dijalankan untuk

mengkaji kesan haba ke atas garam plumbum(II) karbonat

Diagram 5.1 shows the apparatus set-up of experiment to investigate the effect of heat

on lead(II) carbonate salt.

(a)(i) Plumbum(II) karbonat adalah sejenis garam tak terlarutkan. Apakah maksud garam?

Lead(II) carbonate is an insoluble salt. What is the meaning of salt?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

[1 markah/1 mark]

ii) Tandakan ( √ ) dalam kotak dibawah bagi mewakili pemerhatian yang berlaku dalam

eksperimen di atas.

Tick (√) in the box below for the observations that occur in the above experiment.

[2 markah/2 marks]

(b) Rajah 5.2 menunjukkan penyediaan garam plumbum(II) karbonat.

Diagram 5.2 shows the preparation of lead(II) carbonate salt.

Rajah 5.2 / Diagram 5.2

Berdasarkan rajah 5.2, jawab soalan-soalan berikut.

Based on diagram 5.2 answer the following questions.

(i) Tuliskan persamaan kimia yang seimbang bagi tindak balas di atas.

Write a balanced chemical equation for above reaction.

…………………………………………………………………………

[2 markah/2 marks]

(ii) Namakan jenis tindakbalas yang berlaku.

Name the type of reaction that occur.

…………………………………………………………………………

[1 markah/1 mark]

(iii) Terangkan bagaimana mendapatkan pepejal plumbum(II) karbonat dari campuran

larutan tersebut.

Describe how to obtain the solid lead(II) carbonate from the mixture of the

solutions.

………………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………….

[2 markah/2 marks]

(iv) Plumbum(II) nitrat mengandungi ion plumbum(II) dan ion nitrat.

Huraikan satu ujian kimia untuk menentusahkan kehadiran ion plumbum(II).

Lead(II) nitrate contains lead(II) ion and nitrate ion.

Describe a chemical test to verify the presence of lead(II) ion.

………………………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………..

[3 markah/3 marks]

6. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan susunan radas bagi satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji

pemindahan elektron pada suatu jarak.

Diagram below shows the apparatus set-up of an experiment to investigate the transfer

of electrons at a distance.

(a) Namakan agen pengoksidaan dalam tindak balas ini.

Name of the oxidizing agent in this reaction.

..............................................................................................................................

[1 markah/1 mark]

(b) Tuliskan setengah persamaan untuk tindak balas di karbon X.

Write the half equation for the reaction at carbon X.

..............................................................................................................................

[1 markah/1 mark]

(c) Nyatakan satu pemerhatian dalam eksperimen ini.

State one observation in this experiment.

...............................................................................................................................

[1 markah/1 mark]

(d) Lukiskan arah aliran elektron dalam rajah (a).

Draw the direction of the electron of flow in the diagram (a).

[1 markah/1 mark]

Carbon XKarbon X

Iron (II) sulphate solution

Larutan ferum (II) sulfat

Carbon YKarbon Y

Acidified potassiummanganate(VII) solution

Larutan kalium manganat

(VII) barasid

Dilute sulphuric acid

Asid sulfurik cair

G

(e) Setengah persamaan bagi tindak balas di karbon Y adalah seperti berikut:

The half equation for the reaction carbon Y is as follows:

MnO4 + 5H2O + 5e → Mn2+

+ 4H2O

Adakah tindak balas di karbon Y melibatkan pengoksidaan atau penurunan?

Does the reaction at carbon Y involve oxidation or reduction?

Terangkan jawapan anda berdasarkan nombor pengoksidaan.

Explain your answer in terms of oxidation number.

........................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................

[2 markah/2 marks]

(f) Rajah (b) menunjukkan susunan radas untuk mengkaji penyesaran halogen

daripada larutan halidanya. Air klorin ditambah ke dalam tabung uji yang

mengandungi larutan kalium iodida dan pelarut organik 1,1,1-triklorotena.

Diagram (b) shows the apparatus set-up to investigate the displacement of halogen

from its halide solution. Chlorine water is added to a test tube containing

potassium iodide solution and an organic solvent, 1,1,1-trichloroethane.

(i) Tuliskan persamaan ion bagi tindak balas penyesaran itu.

Write an ionic equation for the displacement reaction.

.......................................................................................................................

[1 markah/1 mark]

(ii) Nyatakan fungsi air klorin?

State the function of chlorine water?

...........................................................................................................................

[1 markah/1 mark]

(iii) Nyatakan perubahan nombor pengoksidaan bagi iodin.

State the change of oxidation number for iodine.

...........................................................................................................................

[1 markah/1 mark]

Brown solution

Larutan perang

Purple organic layer

Lapisan organikberwarna ungu

ShakeGoncang

Chlorine waterAir klorin

Patassium iodide solutionLarutan kalium iodida

1.1.1-trichloroethane1.1.1-triklooetana

(iv) Namakan satu bahan uji lain yang boleh menggantikan air klorin.

Name another reagent that can replace chlorine water.

.......................................................................................................................

[1 markah/1 mark]

BAHAGIAN B

SECTION B

[20 markah/20 marks]

Jawab mana-mana satu solan sahaja dalam bahagaian ini.

Answer only one question from this section.

7. Rajah 7 menunjukkan perwakilan piawai bagi tiga unsur P, Q dan R.

Diagram 7 shows the standard representation for three element P, Q and R.

Rajah 7 Diagram 7

(a) Unsur P, Q dan R bertindak balas membentuk dua sebatian yang mempunyai jenis

ikatan berbeza. Menggunakan maklumat dalam Rajah 7, cadang dan terangkan

bagaimana dua sebatian tersebut terbentuk.

Element P,Q and R react to form two compounds that have different type of bonds.

Using the information in Diagram 7, suggest and explain how the two compounds can

be formed.

[10 markah / 10marks]

(b) Bandingkan dan terangkan sifat fizik sebatian ion dan sebatian kovalen berdasarkan

kepada:

Compare the physical properties of ionic compound and covalent compound based on:

(i) takat lebur dan takat didih.

The melting point and the boiling point [ 6 markah/6 marks]

(ii) kekonduksian elektrik.

the conductivity of electric [ 4 markah/marks]

39

P

19

16

Q

8

12

R

6

8.(a) Jadual di bawah menunjukkan data dari Eksperimen I dan Eksperimen II yang dijalankan untuk

mengkaji kadar tindakbalas antara serbuk marmar dan asid.

The table below shows the data from Experiment I and Experiment II that were carried out to

study the rate of reaction between marble chips and acid.

Eksperimen 1 4 g marmar dengan 20cm

3 asid hidroklorik 0.1 mol dm

-3

4 g marble chips with 20cm3 dilute hydrochloric acid 0.1 mol dm

-3

Eksperimen 2 4 g marmar dengan 20cm

3 asid hidroklorik 0.1 mol dm

-3 + mangkin

4 g marble chips with 20cm3 dilute hydrochloric acid 0.1 mol dm

-3+ catalyst

(i) Berdasarkan eksperimen ini, nyatakan maksud kadar tindak balas.

Based on this experiment, define rate of reaction.

[1 mark/1 markah]

(ii). Merujuk kepada Eksperimen I, tulis persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas antara marmar dan

asid hidroklorik.

By referring to Experiment I, write a chemical equation for the reaction between marble

chips and hydrochloric acid.

[2 marks/2 markah]

(iii)

Lukis gambar rajah profil tenaga bagi tindak balas dalam (a)(ii).

Draw an energy profile diagram for the reaction in (a)(ii).

Tunjukkan yang berikut dalam gambar rajah profil tenaga:

On the energy profile diagram show the following:

• Haba tindak balas, ΔH

The heat of reaction, ΔH

• Tenaga pengaktifan tanpa mangkin, Ea

The activation energy without a catalyst, Ea

• Tenaga pengaktifan dengan mangkin, E'a

The activation energy with a catalyst, E'a

Terangkan gambar rajah aras tenaga.

Explain the energy profile diagram.

[10 marks/10 markah]

(b) Graf pada rajah di bawah menunjukkan Eksperimen I dan Eksperimen II.

The graph in the diagram below shows the results of Experiment I and Experiment II.

Berdasarkan graf:

Based on the graph:

(i) Hitung purata kadar tindak balas bagi Eksperimen I dan Eksperimen II.

Calculate the average rate of reaction for Experiment I and Experiment II.

[2 marks/2 markah]

(ii) Terangkan perbezaan kadar tindak balas antara Eksperimen I dan Eksperimen II sebelum

120 s.

Explain the diff erence in the rate of reaction between Experiment I and Experiment II

before 120 s.

[5 marks/5 markah]

BAHAGIAN C

SECTION C

[20 markah/20 marks]

9. (a) Terangkan perbezaan di antara tindak balas eksotermik dan endotermik.

Explain the difference between an exothermic reaction and endothermic reaction.

[4 markah/4 marks]

(b) Lukiskan gambarajah aras tenaga bagi suatu tindak balas eksotermik dan endotermik.

Draw the energy level diagram of an exothermic reaction and endothermic reaction.

[2 markah/2 marks]

(c) Anda diberikan serbuk zink dan larutan kuprum(II) sulfat 0.5 mol dm-3

.

You are given zinc powder and copper(II) sulphate solution 0.5 mol dm-3

.

(i) Huraikan bagaimana anda dapat menentukan haba penyesaran.

Describe how you can determine the heat of displacement.

[9 markah/9 marks]

(ii)Terangkan juga pemerhatian dan langkah-langkah untuk ketepatan eksperimen.

Explain the observation and the safety measures taken for the accuracy of the

experiment.

[3 markah/3 marks]

(iii)Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas tersebut.

Write a chemical equation for the reaction.

[2 markah/2 marks]

10.(a) Jadual berikut menunjukkan senarai larutan-larutan garam di dalam

makmal.

The following table shows a list of salt solutions in the laboratory.

Aluminium nitrat

Aluminium nitrate

Kalsium nitrat

Calcium nitrate

Magnesium sulfat

Magnesium sulphate

Plumbum nitrat

Lead (II) nitrate

Zink nitrat

Zinc nitrate

Natrium karbonat

Sodium carbonate

(i) Namakan larutan daripada senarai tersebut yang akan bertindak

balas dengan larutan natrium hidroksida untuk membentuk

mendakan putih dan larut dalam larutan natrium hidroksida

berlebihan.

Name the solutions from the list that will react with sodium

hydroxide solution precipitate and dissolve in excess of sodium

hydroxide solution.

(ii) Berdasarkan jawapan anda di 9(a)(i), namakan satu mendakan

putih yang terbentuk dan tuliskan persamaan ion bagi

pembentukan mendakan putih itu.

Based on your answer in 9(a)(i), name one of the white precipitate

formed and equation for the formation of the white precipitate

[3 markah/3 marks]

[3 markah/3 marks]

(iii) Pilih dua larutan daripada senarai dalam Rajah 9 yang boleh

bertindak balas untuk membentuk suatu garam tak terlarutkan.

Huraikan bagaimana garam tak terlarutkan ini disediakan di

dalam makmal.

Jawapan anda perlu mengandungi perkara-perkara berikut:

Choose two solutions from the list in Diagram 9 that can react to

form an inst Describe how this insoluble salt can be prepared in

the laboratory. Your answer should include the following aspects:

Prosedur eksperimen

Procedure of the experiment

Persamaan kimia yang terlibat

Chemical equation involved

[11 markah/11 marks]

(b) Label pada dua botol reagen kimia telah tertanggal. Salah satu

daripada botol itu mengandungi larutan zink klorida dan satu lagi

mengandungi larutan zink sulfat.

Huraikan ujian-ujian kimia yang boleh digunakan untuk mengenal

pasti kation dan anion di dalam setiap larutan

The label on two reagent bottles are removed. One of the bottle

contains zinc chloride and another one contains zinc sulphate

solution.

Describe chemical tests that can be used to identify the cation and

anion in each solution

[4 markah/4 marks]