Krisis China Dan Jepun

8/10/2019 Krisis China Dan Jepun

1/20

KRISIS CHINA

DAN JEPUN

AKHIR ABADKE-19


2/20

PERANG CHINA-JEPUN I

China vs Japan

the war was fought in the contest for

the control over Korea


3/20

FAKTOR

KOREA

CHINA JEPUN


4/20

JEPUN ISYTIHARKAN PADA OGOS 1894


5/20

September1894

Jepun mengalahkan angkatan laut di muara sungaiYalu

November1894

Jepun mengalahkan China di SemenanjungLiaotung.

Februari1895

tentera China dikalahkan di Wei Hai Wei.

Mac

1895

, Jepun menawan Yingkow dan Newchang. China menyerah kalah.

17 April1895

PerjanjianShimonoseki


6/20

ISI KANDUNGAN PERJANJIAN

SHIMONESEKI

China mengiktiraf kemerdekaan Korea.

China menyerahkan Formosa, Pulau Pescadores, PortArthur dan Danny di Semenanjung Liaotung.

China bersetuju untuk membayar 200 juta taels kepadaJepun dan Jepun akan menduduki Wei Hai Wei sehinggabayaran gantirugi diselesaikan.

Jepun mendapat keistimewaan di negeri China seperti

yang dinikmati oleh kuasa-kuasa Barat. Empat pelabuhan China iaitu Shansi, Chungking,

Soochow dan Hangchow dibuka kepada perdaganganasing.


7/20

SEBABCHINAKALAH

TIADA

KERJASAMA

KELEMAHANKERAJAAN CHINA

-EKONOMI

TERLALUBERHANTUNGPADA BARAT

KELENGKAPANPERANG BERMUTURENDAH


8/20

The effects on Japan

Japan had for a long time contemplated on aforward policy on the Asian Continent.

She had focused on her weak neighbors such

as Korea and China. After the defeat of China in 1895, she of

course became the leading power in East Asia.

She had obtained Taiwan and Korea withinher sphere of influence.


9/20

Later she was able to get an non-alienation clause for the province ofFukien. She had also territorialambitions in Port Arthur, LiaotungPeninsula and the whole ofManchuria.

But this ambition was dwarfedtemporarily by the TripleIntervention instigated by Russia.

The temporary recession of Japan'sadventure did not signal the end ofher designs on the Asian continent


10/20

Indeed, the Russian championship of theIntervention was one of the most importantcauses leading to the Russo-Japanese War of1904-1905.

Treaty of Shimonoseki and its supplementaryclauses, Japan:

i) got the right to own and build factories in thetreaty ports (Soochow, Hangchow, Shasi andChungking) she had opened.

ii) The goods manufactured by these Japanesefactories would be Free of tariff. It wouldcertainly enhance the commercial position ofJapan.

iii)The foreigners, by virtue of the most-favoured-nation clause, obtained similartreatment from China which practicallyopened China to the domination of foreigneconomic imperialism.


11/20

The consequences on China

She was defeated by Japan, a countryshe had originally looked down upon.This disastrous defeat brought to Chinaa new wave of foreign imperialism.

The avaricious foreign powers soon

started to scramble on Chineseterritories and sovereign rights. Theysliced up the Chinese melon intodifferent portions for further exploitation.


12/20

The doom of China as a nation and

the Chinese as a race became anightmare to many people who werethen affected by Social Darwinistideas that the strong would become

stronger and the weak weaker.The weak would then be cast away

through the process of naturalselection. Knowing of the grave

dangers of their own nation, a newwave of intellectual awakening evolvedout of the minds of the Chinese.


13/20

The reform movement of Liang Ch'i-ch'ao andK'ang Yu-wei worked their way up to the

hundred Days Reform. The reformersdemanded a full-scale renovation of the Ch'inggovernment. Any resistance to change wasconsidered detrimental to the existence ofChina.

The revolutionary movement, on the otherhand, led by Dr. Sun Yat-sen gatheredmomentum again after the Sino-JapaneseWar.


14/20

Moving in parallel direction was a chain ofanti-foreign activities and riots in oppositionto the imperialistic challenges as brought

about by the war. The Boxer Uprising was the culmination of

such anti-foreign feelings. The increasingintensity of anti-foreignism must beattributed to the further and the deepening

erosion of Chinese sovereignty by foreignimperialism.


15/20

The allowance given to Japan and

the western powers to build factoriesin China was a direct affront toChina's domestic industries. Chinesenascent industrial enterprises were

much hampered by the presence ofstronger and privileged foreigncounterparts on Chinese soil.

Hence, Chinese anti-imperialism

became a norm and the driving forcefor the future development of Chinaand Chinese nationalism.


16/20

Effect on Korea

Nominally speaking, both Japan and Chinarecognized the complete independence of Koreaafter the Sino-Japanese War.

Yet to nobody's surprise, the Hermit Kingdombecame increasingly under the influence of

Japan. Japan then instigated a series of internal

reforms in Korea, aiming at incorporating thecountry into its own orbit.

Japan also began to take over the control of

Korean economy. Shipping and banking werethe first two categories under Japanesesupervision.


17/20

Some Koreans even sought Russian assistanceto counterbalance Japanese influence.

In the decade after the Sino-Japanese War, itwas a contest between Russian and Japaneseinfluence in Korea.

Indeed, China had backed Russia in doing soas a safeguard against Japanese furtherencroachments. The result was the Sino-Russian Alliance of 1896.

A provision of this secret alliance stated that

China and Russia would jointly defend oneanother against any Japanese attack on China,Korea or Russian Far Eastern territorialholdings.


18/20

The insubordination of Korea andthe threat of Russia in Manchuriaand Korea directly contributed to theRusso-Japanese War of 1904-1905,

and the final incorporation of Koreainto the Japanese Empire in 1910.

By then, Japan had an unshakeableposition in Northeast Asia

overlooking the Manchurian andChinese mainland.


19/20


20/20

Others power

Rusia, Germany and France bannedtogether in the so-calles Triple

Intervention to force Japan to give up

the Liaodong Peninsula in return for amore substantial indemnity.

Krisis China Dan Jepun

Documents

Transcript of Krisis China Dan Jepun