Laporan Pkl Biota Darat Dan Laut
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8/17/2019 Laporan Pkl Biota Darat Dan Laut
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KELOMPOK 5ASMIYANTI ABUBAKAR
BRILLIAN RATTU
DIANIRA MAENGKOM
KENNY ARUPERES
NISYE PAMUSU
RISYA LOLY
RASPEL KAREL
SARLOTA
FMIPA UNIMA
LAPORAN PRAKTEK KERJA LAPANGAN (PKL) SKRININGFITOKIMIA BIOTA DARAT DAN BIOTA LAUT DESAPOPARENG, KEC. TATAPAAN KAB. MINAHASA SELATAN
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A. JUDUL PERCOBAAN
Skrinin !"#ki$i% "&r'%% *i#"% %r%" (D%+n S&%+ Lii %n Tr+k"+k)
%n *i#"% -%+"
B. WAKTU & TEMPAT PELAKSANAAN
%k"+ P&-%k%n%%n / S&-%%0R%*+, 12011 Ari- 1325
T&$%" P&-%k%n%%n / D&% P#%r&n, K&4.T%"%%%n, K%*.Min%'%%
S&-%"%n
C. DASAR TEORI
In#n&i% %%-%' N&%r% k&+-%+%n %n k%% %k%n k&k%%%n
'%%"in%. M&n+r+" %"% %n %%, '+"%n In#n&i% $&n++ki &rink%"
k&+% i+ni% &"&-%' H+"%n A$%6#n i Br%6i-. D%n +n"+k k&k%%%n 7i-%%'
&r%ir%n In#n&i% $&n++ki #ii &r"%$%. K%r&n% *&i"+ *%n%kn%
k&*&r%%$%n $%'-+k 'i+ i %-%$ '+"%n %n &r%ir%n In#n&i%,
&'in% N&%r% ki"% &-%-+ ik+n8+ni #-&' N&%r% -%in +n"+k i%$*i-
%$&-n% -%-+ i +8i4#*% %n *%'k%n ik&$*%nk%n i N&%r% $&r&k%.
O-&' k%r&n% i"+, %% r%k"ik+$ %n k%$i -%k+k%n ini, i-%k+k%n
k+n8+n%n %n r%k"&k &4%r% -%n+n i -%%n%n +n"+k &4%r% $&n&"%i-
$&n%$*i- %$&- *i#"% %r%" %n -%+" +n"+k i-%k+k%n &n%i%n !"#ki$i%
(krinin !"#ki$i%). S&-%in *&r9+ni &*%%i &n&-i"i%n, PKL ini 8+% %%"
$&$*%n"+ k%$i &*%%i &n&r%i $+% +n"+k $&-i'%" *&"%% k%%n%
'+"%n %n -%+" (&r%ir%n) in&%r% ki"%, &'in% %%" $&$+n4+-k%n 8i7%0
8i7% i-$+7%n %n &n&-i"i %n %%" $&n&$*%nk%n k&k%%%n n&ri ki"%.
H+"%n "r#i %n k%% &n%n *&r*%%i 8&ni "+$*+'%n (*i#i:&ri")
$&r+%k%n +$*&r %% '%%"i %n &k%-i+ &*%%i +%n &n%7%
ki$i% (4'&$#i:&ri") *%ik *&r+% &n%7% ki$i% '%i- $&"%*#-i$& ri$&r
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%n i&*+" 8+% &*%%i &n%7% $&"%*#-i" ri$&r &&r"i r#"&in,
k%r*#'ir%", -&$%k %n i+n%k%n &niri #-&' "+$*+'%n "&r&*+" +n"+k
&r"+$*+'%nn%, $%++n &*%%i +$*&r &n%7% $&"%*#-i" &k+n&r
&&r"i "&r&n#i, "&r#i, k+$%rin, ;%:#n#i %n %-k%-#i. &n%7%
$&"%*#-i" &k+n&r $&r+%k%n &n%7% ki$i% %n +$+$n% $&$+n%i
k&$%$+%n *i#%k"i!"% %n *&r9+ni &*%%i &-in+n "+$*+'%n "&r&*+"
%ri %n+%n '%$% &n%ki" +n"+k "+$*+'%n i"+ &niri %"%+
-ink+n%nn%.
In#n&i% $&r+%k%n n&%r% k&+-%+%n %n "&r-&"%k i 6#n%
k'%"+-i"i7% ("r#ik) %n "&rk&n%- $&$+n%i k&k%%%n %-%$ &n%n
*&r%n&k%r%%$ 8&ni "+$*+'%n, "&"%i #"&ni ini *&-+$ &-+r+'n%i$%n9%%"k%n &*%%i *%'%n in+"ri k'++n% "+$*+'%n *&rk%i%" #*%".
M%%r%k%" In#n&i% &4%r% "+r+n0"&$+r+n "&-%' $&$%n9%%"k%n *&r*%%i
8&ni "+$*+'%n +n"+k *%'%n #*%" "r%ii#n%- *%ik &*%%i "in%k%n
&n4&%'%n $%++n &n#*%"%n "&r'%% *&r*%%i 8&ni &n%ki".
P&$%n9%%"%n "+$*+'%n #*%" "r%ii#n%- %k%n "&r+ *&r-%n+n
"&r+"%$% &*%%i #*%" %-"&rn%"i9, '%- ini "&r-i'%" %% $%%r%k%" %&r%'
%n +-i" i8%nk%+ #-&' 9%i-i"% k&&'%"%n $#&rn. D%-%$ $%% krii
&k#n#$i &&r"i %%" ini, &n+n%%n #*%" "r%ii#n%- -&*i' $&n+n"+nk%n
k%r&n% r&-%"i9 -&*i' $+%' i%%", -&*i' $+r%' %n %%" ir%$+ &niri,
&-%in i"+ *%'%n *%k+n% %%" i"%n%$ i '%-%$%n r+$%' &*%%i &n'i%
"%$%n %"%++n &n&+' '%-%$%n r+$%' (S+-i%n"i &" %-, 1335).
P&n&$+%n *&r*%%i &n%7% #*%" *%r+ %ri *%'%n %-%$ &$%kin
$&$&r8&-% &r%n &n"in $&"%*#-i" &k+n&r "%n%$%n &*%%i +$*&r
*%'%n *%k+ #*%". M&"%*#-i" &k+n&r %%-%' &n%7% '%i- *i#&n&i %ri
$&"%*#-i" ri$&r. U$+$n% i'%i-k%n #-&' "+$*+'%n "ink%" "ini, %n
*+k%n $&r+%k%n &n%7% &n&n"+ k&-%n+n%n 'i+ &4%r% -%n+n,
"&"%i -&*i' &*%%i '%i- $&k%ni$& &r"%'%n%n iri #r%ni$%. Ak"i:i"%
*i#-#i "%n%$%n i&n%r+'i #-&' 8&ni $&"%*#-i" &k+n&r %n "&rk%n+n
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i%-%$n%. Ak"i:i"% *i#-#i i"&n"+k%n +-% #-&' "r+k"+r ki$i% %ri
&n%7%. Uni" "r+k"+r %"%+ ++ $#-&k+- $&$&n%r+'i %k"i:i"% *i#-#i
k%r&n% *&rk%i"%n &n%n $&k%ni$& k&r8% &n%7% "&r'%% r&&"#r i
%-%$ "+*+' (Li%7%"i &" %-., 133
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A-k%-#i $&r+%k%n k&-#$#k &n%7% %n $&n%n+n ni"r#&n
%-%$ *&n"+k ++ 9+ni %$in%. K&*%n%k%n '&"&r#ik-ik %n "&r%%" i
"&"+$*+'%n.A-k%-#i $&r+%k%n #-#n%n 6%" "+$*+'%n &k+n&r %n
*&%r. P%% +$+$n%, %-k%-#i $&n4%k+ &n%7% %n *&ri9%" *%% %n
$&n%n+n %"+ %"%+ -&*i' %"#$ N &*%%i *%i%n %-%$ +r&$ ik-ik.
S"r+k"+r %-k%-#i *&r%n&k% r%%$ %ri %n &&r'%n% %$%i %n
r+$i", %ri &9&k *i#-#in% %n $&n&%rk%n "+*+' %$%i "#kik. S%"+
4#n"#' %n &&r'%n%, "&"%i %n &9&kn% "i%k &&r'%n% %%-%' nik#"in.
Nik#"in %%" $&n&*%*k%n &n%ki" 8%n"+n , k%nk&r %r+0%r+, k%nk&r
$+-+", "&k%n%n %r%' "ini, %n %n+%n "&r'%% k&'%$i-%n %n 8%nin.
2. Flavonoid
F-%:#n#i %%-%' k&-#$#k &n%7% 9&ni- r#%n#i &n%n k&r%nk%
k%r*#n C@0C0C@, %i"+ +% 4in4in %r#$%"ik %n i'+*+nk%n #-&' %"+%n
"i% k%r*#n %n %%" %"%+ "i%k %%" $&$*&n"+k 4in4in k&"i%.F-%:#n#i
%n i#;%:#n#i %%-%' %-%' %"+ #-#n%n &n%7% $&"%*#-i" &k+n&r
%n *%n%k "&r%%" %% "+$*+'0"+$*+'%n, k'++n% %ri #-#n%n
-&+$in#4&%& ("%n%$%n *&r*+n% k++0k++). K%n+n%n &n%7%
;%:#n#i %-%$ "%n%$%n %n%" r&n%' %i"+ &ki"%r 15 . S&n%7%0&n%7% "&r&*+" %% +$+n% %-%$ k&%%%n "&rik%" k#n8+%i &n%n
&n%7% +-%.
F-%:#n#i %-%$ "+$*+'%n $&$+n%i &$%" 9+ni /
2) S&*%%i i$&n 7%rn%
1) F+ni !i#-#i
) Ak"i:i"% 9%r$%k#-#i
?) F-%:#n#i %-%$ $%k%n%n
3. Kinon
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K+in#n %%-%' &n%7% *&r7%rn% %n $&$+n%i kr#$#9#r %%r
&&r"i kr#$#9#r %% *&n6#k+in#n, %n "&riri %"% 1 ++ k%r*#ni- %n
*&rk#n+%i &n%n 1 ik%"%n r%nk% k%r*#n k%r*#n. %rn% i$&n
k+in#n %-%$ *&r%%$, $+-%i %ri k+nin +4%" %$%i k& '%$ir 'i"%$.
%-%++n k+in#n "&r&*%r &4%r% -+%, n%$+n &r%nn% "&r'%% 7%rn%
"+$*+'%n %n%" k&4i-. J%i, i$&n ini &rin "&r%%" %-%$ k+-i", %k%r,
%"%+ 8%rin%n -%in, n%$+n 7%rn% i$&n k+in#n ini "i%k $&n#$in%i.
!. Sa"onin
S%#nin $&r+%k%n &n%7% -ik#i% k#$-&k %i"+ &n%7% '%i-
k#n&n%i +%"+ +-% &n%n +%"+ &n%7% 'ir#ki- #r%nik %n %%*i-%i'ir#-ii %k%n $&n'%i-k%n +-% (-ik#n) %n n#n0+-% (%-ik#n). S%#nin
ini "&riri %ri +% k&-#$#k / %#nin "ri"&r&n#i %n %#nin "&r#i.
S%#nin *%n%k i+n%k%n %-%$ k&'i+%n $%n+i%, %-%' %"+n%
"&r%%" %-%$ -&r%k %n i+n%k%n +n"+k *%'%n &n4+4i k%in (*%"ik) %n
&*%%i '%$#. S%#nin %%" i&r#-&' %ri "+$*+'%n $&-%-+i &k"r%ki.
F+ni %-%$ "+$*+'0"+$*+'%n "i%k ik&"%'+i, $+nkin &*%%i *&n"+k
&ni$%n%n k%r*#'ir%", %"%+ $&r+%k%n 7%"& r#+4" %ri $&"%*#-i$&
"+$*+'0"+$*+'%n.
5. Steroid dan triterpenoid
S"&r#i %%-%' +%"+ k&-#$#k &n%7% %n $&$+n%i k&r%nk%
%%r ik-#&n"%n%&r'ir#9&n%n"r&n%, $&$+n%i &$%" 4in4in
"&r%+.&n%7%0&n%7% ini $&$+n%i &9&k !i#-#i "&r"&n"+. S"&r#i+$+$n% *&r%% %-%$ *&n"+k *&*% &*%%i -ik#i% &&r'%n%. H#r$#n0
'#r$#n &k %n i'%i-k%n "&r+"%$% %% "&"i %n in+n "&-+r %%-%'
+%"+ "&r#i. H#r$#n 8%n"%n i&*+" %nr#&n %n '#r$#n *&"in% &"r#&n
%n '#r$#n k&'%$i-%n r#&"&r#n. Tri"&r&n#i %%-%' &n%7% %n
k&r%nk% k%r*#nn% *&r%%- %ri &n%$ %"+%n i#r&n% %n &4%r%
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*i#in"&i ir+$+k%n %ri 'ir#k%r*#n %n k&*%n%k%n *&r+% %-4#'#-,
%-&'i% %"%+ %%$ k%r*#'ir%".
@. T%nnin P#-i9&n#-
T%nin %%" *&r9+ni &*%%i %"rin&n" %n $&$i-iki k&$%$+%n
+n"+k $&n%$%k k+-i". S&4%r% ki$i%, "%nin %%-%' &"&r %n %%"
i'ir#-ii #-&' &$%n%%n &n%n -%r+"%n %%$ %$%i $&n'%i-k%n
&n%7% 9&n#-, *i%%n% $&r+%k%n &ri:%"& %"%+ "+r+n%n %ri %%$ %r-i4
%n +-%. T%nin %%-%' #-i9&n#- "%n%$%n %n *&r9+ni $&nik%" %n
$&n&n%k%n r#"&in.. P#-i9&n#- %-%$i $&r+%k%n $&"%*#-i" &k+n&r
"%n%$%n "&r"&n"+, "&r$%+k %-%$ %"%+ $&n++n #-#n%n "%nin.
S&n%7% #-i9&n#- %%-%' +%"+ &n%7% %n *&r%%- %ri "+$*+'%n,
i$%n% %-%' %"+ 4irin% %%-%' $&n%n+n 4in4in %r#$%"ik %n
"&r+*"i"+i #-&' +% %"%+ -&*i' ++ 9&n#-. D+% ++ 9&n#-, 'ir#-ii %n
"&rk#n&n%i "&riri %ri "%nin %n $&r+%k%n +%"+ 6%" %n &n"in&4%r% &k#n#$i &*%%i %&n +n"+k $&n'%-+k%n k+-i" %n 8+% &n"in
+n"+k "+8+%n k&&'%"%n. B%r+ *%r+ ini i"&$+k%n %%n% 9%k"% 9%k"% %n
$&n+k+n ni-%i #"&ni%-n% &*%%i i"#"#kik %n %"%+ &*%%i %&n
%n"in-%"i4.
P%% r%k"ik+$ PKL ini k%$i $&n+n%k%n +% %$&- *i#"% %r%" %i"+
%+n &%+ -ii %n %+n "r+k"+k. B&rik+" ini %%-%' r#!- %$&- &%+ -ii(i%+ri) %n %+n "r+k"+k /
S%-%' %"+ "%n%$%n #*%" %n *%n%k $%n9%%"n% %%-%' %+n
&%+ -ii %"%+ i%+ri (Sida Rhombifolia %"%+ Sida retusa Linn ). Si%+ri
%%-%' %-%' %"+ 8&ni "%n%$%n #*%" %ri 9%$i- M%-:%4%&. T%n%$%n ini
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%%-%' &$%k %n "+$*+' -i%r %n *%n%k "+$*+' i inir &-#k%n,
+n%i %n i *%7%' #'#n *&%r. T&r&*%r -+% %% %&r%' "r#i i
&-+r+' +ni% %ri %"%r%n r&n%' %$%i k&"ini%n 2?53 $ i %"%
&r$+k%%n -%+". J&ni "%n%$%n ini $+%' "+$*+' -i%ri%&r%' *&r+$+" %n
i "&i 8%-%n %n $&r+%k%n 8&ni "%n%$%n &r+ %n "+$*+' &n%n *%ik
i%&r%' "r#i.T%n%$%n ini $$i-iki r%% $%ni,&% %n &8+k.M%+k
%-%$ $&rii%n 8%n"+n, '%"i, %r+, ++ *&%r, %n k&4i-, $&$i-iki i9%" %n"i
r%%n &-+r+' k&n4in &r"% $n'i-%nk%n r%% %ki".
B%"%n i%+ri $&n%n+n k%-i+$ #k%-%" %n "%nnin. S&$&n"%r%
%+nn% $&n%n+n %-k%-#i, k%-i+$ #k%-%", "%nnin, %#nin, 9&n#-, %%$
%$in# %n $in%k %"iri. K%n+n%n %k%r i%+ri%%-%' %-k%-#i, "&r#i,&r"% &'&rin&. S%-%' %"+ k'%i%" +"%$% i%+ri %%-%' $&n&$*+'k%n
&n%ki" asam urat %n &rin i&ri"% *%ik -%ki0-%ki $%++n &r&$+%n
i%"% +i% "i% +-+' "%'+n (H#$n &" %-, 2==
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D. ALAT & BA#AN
2. P&r%-%"%n %n i*+"+'k%n /♣ T%*+n r&%ki %n r%k "%*+n r&%ki
♣ L+$%n %n %-+♣ Pi&" "&"&
♣ P-%" "&"&
♣ i%-
♣ P&$*%k%r B+n&n
♣ K%ki "i%
♣ G+n"in
♣ K&r"% S%rinK%%
♣ G&-% B&%k&r
1. B%'%n %n i*+"+'k%n /♣ S%$&- %r%" (Si%+ri, Tr+k"+k)
♣ E"%n#- M&"%n#-
♣ L%r+"%n K-#r#9#$ %ir 2 / 2
♣ H1SO? &k%"
♣ HC- &k%" HC- 1 N
♣ Air %n%
♣ F&C- 23 %n F&C- 5
♣ K-#r#9#r$ %$#ni%k%-
♣ H1SO? 1 N
♣ P&r&%ki H%&r♣ R&%&n Dr%&n#r9
♣ R&%&n %n&r
♣ R&%&n M%&r
♣ N%OH 23 E. PROSEDUR KERJA
1. PROSEDUR UJI LIEBERMA BUR!"ARD #UJI $ERPE % S$EROID&
0 Di&k"r%ki &n%n &"%n#- &*%n%k 5 $-0 Di%rin &n%n k%%0 Diin%'k%n k& &-% *&%k&r0 Di%n%k%n %$%i k&rin0 Di&k"r%ki &n%n k-#r#9#r$ %n %ir ( 2/ 2)
S%$&- &*%n%k 5
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0 Ek"r%k k-#r#9#r$ i"&"&k%n %% -%" "&"&
&*%n%k 1 "&"&0 Di*i%rk%n %$%i k&rin0 Di"%$*%'k%n %%$ +-9%"0 Li'%" &r+*%'%n 7%rn%n%
'. PROSEDUR UJI $AI
Di&k"r%ki &n%n %ir %n% &*%n%k 5
$-
Di%rin &n%n k%% %n iin%'k%n
k& "%*+n -%in
Di"%$*%' F&C- 23 &*%n%k 10 "&"&
S%$&- () *i-% $&n%-%$i &r+*%'%n 7%rn%
$&r%' %"%+ 4#k&-%" $&n%n+n "&r&n#i
("&r&n). Bir+, +n+ %"%+ 'i8%+ $&n%n+n
S%$&- 1 r
S%$&- () $&n%n+n "%nnin
*i-% $&n%-%$i &r+*%'%n 7%rn%
$&n8%i 'i8%+ k&'i"%$%n
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(. PROSEDUR UJI AL)ALOID
Di&r+ %n i&k"r%ki &n%n k-#r#9#r$
%$#ni%k%-
Di$%+kk%n k& %-%$ "%*+n A,B, C, %n D 23
"&"&
M%in1 i"%$*%' H1SO? 1N 23 "&"&
&r&%ki H%&r
Dik#4#k k+%"
T%*+n A i"%$*%' r&%&n Dr%&n#r9 1 "&"&
T%*+n B i"%$*%' r&%&n %n&r T%*+n C i"%$*%' r&%&n M%&r 1 "&"&
*. PROSEDUR UJI +EOLI)
Di&k"r%ki &n%n $&"'%n#- &*%n%k 5
$-
Di%rin &n%n k%% -%-+ iin%'k%n
k& "%*+n -%in
10? r
Ek"r%k
k-#r#9#r$
T%*+n T%*+n A, B, %n
H%i- *i-% %%
&n%%n k+nin T%*+n A, B, C
"&r%%" 1 9%&
T%*+n A *i-% &n%%n
k&$&r%'%n
T%*+n B *i-% &n%%n
S%$&- &*%n%k
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Di"%$*%' F&C- 5 &*%n%k 10 "&"&
,. PROSEDUR UJI +LA-OOID
Di&k"r%ki &n%n $&"'%n#- Di&k"r%ki &n%n $&"'%n#-
Di&k"r%ki n $&"'%n#-
S&*%n%k 5 $- S&*%n%k 5 $-
S&*%n%k 5 $-
Di%rin &n%n k%% Di%rin &n%n k%%
Di%rin &n%n k%%
Diin%'k%n k& "%*+n -%in Diin%'k%n k& "%*+n -%in Diin%'k%n
k& "* -%in
T%$*%'k%n HC- &k%" &*%n%k 1 "&"& T%$*%'k%n H1SO? &*%n%k 1 "&"& T%$*%'
N%OH 23 1 "&"&
K#4#k k+%" K#4#k k+%" K#4#k k+%"
T%$*%'k%n M &r*+k %n k#4#k k+%"
. PROSEDUR UJI SAPOI
Di&k"r%ki &n%n %ir %n% 5
$- Di%rin &n%n k%% Diin%'k%n k& "%*+n -%in
S%$&- $&n%n+n 9&n#-ik *i-%
$&n %-%$i &r+*%'%n 7%rn% $&n %i
S%$&- &*%n%k 1 r
S%$&- $&n%n+n
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&r+*%'%n 7%rn% %n
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S%$&- &*%n%k 1 r
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Dik#4#k k+%" %n ii%$k%n 1
$&ni" T%$*%'k%n HC- 1 N &*%n%k 1
"&"&
K#4#k k+%" %n ii%$k%n 23$&ni"
F. DATA PEN$AMATAN
T%*&- 2.2. H%i- krinin !"#ki$i% %$&- %+n "r+k"+k
Kandn%an M'od
Pn%(ian
#a)il K'*an%a
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Al+aloid P&n%'+-+%n
Dr%&n#r9
%n&r
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En%%n 'i8%+ k+nin
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S'*oid
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k&4#k-%"%n
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HC- &k%"
H1SO?
N%OH 23
Ti%k "&r8%i
&r+*%'%n %n
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Fnoli+ F&C- 5 T&r8%i &r+*%'%n
S%$&- $&n%n+n %#nin *i-%
"&r%%" *+i' &n%n in"&ni"% %n
*%n%k %n k#ni"&n &-%$% 23 $&ni"
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7%rn% $&n8%i *ir+
k&'i"%$%n
Sa"onin Air P%n%
HC- 1 N
M&$*&n"+k B+i'
K&" / () %% , (0) "i%k %%
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T%*&- 1.2. H%i- krinin !"#ki$i% %$&- %+n &%+ -ii (i%+ri)
%"%+ sida rhombifolia
Kandn%an M'od
Pn%(ian
#a)il K'*an%a
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Al+aloid P&n%'+-+%n
Dr%&n#r9
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M%&r
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En%%n 4#k-%" $+%
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En%%n +"i'
T*"n &
S'*oid
Li&*&r$%n
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Poli,nol
F&C- 23 T&r8%i &r+*%'%n
7%rn% $&n8%i
k&4#k-%"%n
Flavonoid M&"%n#-
HC- &k%"
H1SO?
N%OH 23
Ti%k i-%k+k%n
&n%i%n (krinin
!"#ki$i%)
Fnoli+ F&C- 5 T&r8%i &r+*%'%n
7%rn% $&n8%i *ir+
k&'i"%$%n
Sa"onin Air P%n%
HC- 1 N
M&$*&n"+k B+i'
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K&" / () %% , (0) "i%k %%
$. PEMBA#ASAN
P%% r%k"ik+$ ki$i% #r%ni4 1 %n &r"%$% ini, k%$i
$&-%k+k%n Pr%k"ik+$ Pr%k"&k K&r8% L%%n%n(PKL) %n i-%k%n%k%n i
D&% P#%r&n, K&4%$%"%n T%"%%%n, K%*+%"&n Min%'%% S&-%"%n.
S&"&-%' $&-%k+k%n &ri%%n %n $%"%n, $%k% %% "%n%- 12011
Ari- 1325 r#$*#n%n k%$i +n $&-%k+k%n &r8%-%n%n %n8%n &-%$%
kir%0kir% 8%$ &n%n 8%r%k "&$+' &ki"%r 253 k$. D&% ini "&r-&"%k
%%k 8%+' %ri +%" k#"% &'in% $%i' *%n%k 8%-%n %n r+%k %n
r+$%' &n++k +n $%i' &iki". Ak%n "&"%i, &$+%n% %%"
"&r%n"ik%n k%r&n% &-%$% *&r%% i &% P#%r&n ini k%$i $&n%%"
&r-%k+k%n %n '%n%" %n r%$%' %ri &n++k &"&$%", &'in%k%$i %n%" "&r*%n"+ %-%$ $&-%k%n%k%n k&i%"%n PKL ini.
Un"+k '%ri &r"%$% i-%k+k%n &n4%ri%n %n &n%$*i-%n %$&- %ri
*i#"% %r%". S&'in%, &ki"%r +k+- ? &"%n i"+, r#$*#n%n k%$i
$&n+8+ '+"%n "&r&k%" i &% "&r&*+". A% +% #r%n *%%k +-%
%n $&$*%n"+ k%$i %-%$ $&n4%ri %n $&n%$*i- %$&-. M&r&k%
8+% $&$*&ri"%'+k%n $%n9%%" %n k&+n%%n %ri "%n%$%n "&r&*+".
A% %+n &%+ -ii, %+n "r+k"+k, %+n iri', %n $%i' *%n%k %+n0
%+n *&rk'%i%" -%inn%. J+% %% "+$*+'%n *&r%4+n k%r&n%n%
&"%'n% "%i &+n+'n% *%"%nn% $&n%n+n *%n%k &k%-i
k%r*#'ir%". B%'k%n %% +-% *+%' Bi"+n %n %%" i+n%k%n +n"+k
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$&$*i+ ik%n 'in% $&$*+%" $&r&k% $%"i, n%$+n &k%r%n "&-%'
i-%r%n &n+n%%nn% k%r&n% $&r+%k k&-&"%ri%n '%%"i -%+".
D+% %$&- *i#"% %r%" %n k&-#$#k k%$i +n%k%n +n"+k krinin
!"#ki$i% %%-%' %+n "r+k"+k %n &%+ -ii. D%ri in9#r$%i $%%r%k%"
%n i&r#-&', %+n "r+k"+k i+n%k%n #-&' $%%r%k%" &ki"%r &*%%i
obat maag. S&%nk%n %+n &%+ -ii (sida rhombifolia) i+n%k%n
+n"+k menghilangkan ketombe. D%n *%"%n &r"% %k%rn% i+n%k%n
+n"+k $&n#*%"i penyakit asam urat . K%r&n% $%n9%%"n% %n *&%r
ini-%', &'in% k%$i $&$+"+k%n +% %$&- ini +n"+k i +8i
$&n+n%k%n krinin&n%i%n !"#ki$i%.
Analisis skrining ftokimia
K#$#n&n %n "&r%%" %-%$ %$&- %+n "r+k"+k %n %+n
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H%i- krinin !"#ki$i% +n"+k 1 %$&- %n k%$i +n%k%n i%8ik%n
%% T%*&- 2.2 %n T%*&- 1.2
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"i%k "&r%%" %-k%-#i. T+8+%n &n%$*%'%n H1SO? %%-%' k%r&n%
%-k%-#i *&ri9%" *%% &'in% *i%%n% i&k"r%k &n%n &-%r+" %n
$&n%n+n %%$ (H%r*#rn&, 2==@). P&r-%k+%n &k"r%k &n%n
K-#r#9#r$ %$#ni%k%- &*&-+$ &n%$*%'%n &r&%ki i-%k+k%n +n"+k
$&n'i-%nk%n r#"&in. A%n% r#"&in %n $&n&n% %%
&n%$*%'%n &r&%ki %n $&n%n+n -#%$ *&r%" (&r&%ki M%&r)
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%%" $&$*&rik%n r&%ki #i"i9 %-+ %% *&*&r%% &n%7% (S%n"# et
al., 2==>).
S&'%r+n% 8ik% '%i- #i"i9 %-k%-#i %% +8i M%&r $%k% %k%n
i"%n%i &n%n "&r*&n"+kn% &n%%n +"i'. Di&rkir%k%n &n%%n
"&r&*+" %%-%' k#$-&k k%-i+$0%-k%-#i. P%% &$*+%"%n &r&%ki
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i"%$*%'k%n *&r-&*i' $%k% %k%n "&r*&n"+k k%-i+$ "&"r%i##$&rk+r%"(II)
(S:&'-%, 2==3). A-k%-#i $&n%n+n %"#$ ni"r#&n %n $&$+n%i
%%n%n &-&k"r#n *&*% &'in% %%" i+n%k%n +n"+k $&$*&n"+k
ik%"%n k#:%-&n k##rin%" &n%n i#n -#%$ (M4M+rr, 133?). P%% +8i
%-k%-#i &n%n &r&%ki M%&r, i&rkir%k%n ni"r#&n %% %-k%-#i %k%n
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$&$*&n"+k k#$-&k k%-i+$0%-k%-#i %n $&n&n%.
HC-1 1KI HI1 KC-
HI1 1KI K 1 [HI1]
K%-i+$ "&"r%i##$&rk+r%" (II)
NN
+ K 2[HgI4] +
K +
Kalium-Alkaloid Endapan
K [HgI4]-
G%$*%r 2. P&rkir%%n r&%ki +8i M%&r
P%% i&n"i!k%i %-k%-#i $&n+n%k%n +8i %n&r ini i"&$+k%n
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P%% &$*+%"%n &r&%ki %n&r, i#in *&r&%ki &n%n i#n I0 %ri
k%-i+$ i#i% $&n'%i-k%n i#n I0 %n *&r7%rn% 4#k-%". P%% +8i %n&r,
i#n -#%$ K %k%n $&$*&n"+k ik%"%n k#:%-&n k##rin%" &n%n
ni"r#&n %% %-k%-#i $&$*&n"+k k#$-&k k%-i+$0%-k%-#i %n
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G%$*%r 1. P&rkir%%n R&%ki U8i %n&r
B&i"+ +n +n"+k '%i- $&n+n%k%n +8i Dr%&n#r9 '%i- +n"+k
%+n "r+k"+k ini 8+% n&%"i:&. S&'%r+n% 8ik% '%i- #i"i9 %-k%-#i %%
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%% %$*%r.
Bi H1O BiO 1H
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&n%%n 'i"%$ Bi$+"(III) i#i% %n k&$+i%n $&-%r+" %-%$ k%-i+$
i#i% *&r-&*i' $&$*&n"+k k%-i+$ "&"r%i##*i$+"%" (S:&'-%, 2==3).
P%% +8i %-k%-#i &n%n &r&%ki Dr%&n#r, ni"r#&n i+n%k%n +n"+k
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$&$*&n"+k ik%"%n k#:%-&n k##rin%" &n%n K %n $&r+%k%n i#n
-#%$. R&%ki %% +8i Dr%&n#r i"+n8+kk%n %% G%$*%r ? (Mir#-%:,
2=
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COO
O
CH2OH
OHOH
OH
CO2HOH
OH
CH2OHO
OH
+
-ara!inoprio"il-3B-a"etil oleanolat Aglikon #luko"a
G%$*%r 5. R&%ki 'ir#-ii %#nin %-%$ %ir
U8i Li&*&r$%n0B+r4'%r %n $&r+%k%n +8i k%r%k"&ri"ik +n"+k
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"r+k"+k "&r%%" &r+*%'%n 7%rn% $&n8%i k&4#k-%"%n &"&-%'
i%n%k%n $&n+n%k%n &$*%k%r *+n&n %n k%ki "i%. S&'%r+n%
%$&- %+n "r+k"+k ini k%$i &k"r%ki &n%n k-#r#9#r$ %n %ir ( 2 /
2 ), %k%n "&"%i k%r&n% k&k+r%n%n *%'%n $%k% '%n% i+k%n %+%&.
K%r&n% "i"ik ii' %ir -&*i' k&4i- %ri%% "i"ik ii' %$&- $%k% "&n"+
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'%i-n% #i"i9 "&r&n#i.
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"&r%%" &r+*%'%n %n $&n4#-#k. D%n +n"+k +8i 9&n#-ik '%i-n%
#i"i9 k%r&n% "&r8%i &r+*%'%n 7%rn% $&n8%i *ir+ k&'i"%$%n. H%i-
krinin !"#ki$i% %n "&-%' i-%k+k%n $&n+n8+kk%n *%'7% %-%$
%$&- &k"r%k %+n "r+k"+k $&n%n+n "&r&n#i, "%nin %n #-i9&n#-,
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%#nin, %n 9&n#-ik, n%$+n i+% "i%k $&n%n+n ;%:#n#i %n
%-k%-#i.
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+8i "%nnin #i"i9 %n +8i %#nin #i"i9, k%rn% &"&-%' ik#4#k
"&r*&n"+k *+%*+i'. S&%nk%n +n"+k 1 krinin !"#ki$i% -%inn% %kni
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k&'%*i%n 7%k"+.
P%% '%ri k&+%, k%$i +n $&n+8+ k& %n"%i %n $&n+n+
%$%i "&r*&n"+kn% n%r& i &iir %n"%i. T+8+%nn% +n"+k $&n%$*i-
%$&- *&r+% *i#"% -%+" %i"+ #n&. M&-%-+i &r4%k%%n &n%n
$%%r%k%" , n%r& ini %%-%' k&k&rin%n %"%+ $&n++"n% %ir -%+" %%
&iir %n"%i &-%$% *&*&r%% 8%$ &'in% ki"% %%" $&n&*&r%n
k& ii %n -%inn% &ki"%r +k+- 10 i%n. N%r& i %n"%i P#%r&n
ini %%-%' n%r& "&r*&%r %n "&r8%i i P+-%+ S+-%7&i.
S&-%$% n%r& ini, %k%n %n%" $+%' i"&$+k%n *&r*%%i #n&
(*&r*%%i *&n"+k), *i%k, *in"%n -%+", "&ri%n, *%'k%n *+-+ *%*i %n*&r%4+n %n *&r*%'%%. S&-%$% *&*&r%% 8%$ k%$i +n $&n%$*i-
*&*&r%% #n& %n %% +n"+k i8%ik%n %$&- &n&-i"i%n %n krinin
!"#ki$i%. S%$% &&r"i &n%$*i-%n %$&- *i#"% %r%" i '+"%n
r#$*#n%n k%$i +n 8+% i*%n"+ #-&' 1 #r%n *%%k %n +%'
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'%- "&n"%n k&+n%%n *i#"%0*i#"% -%+" i P%n"%i P#%r&n ini. K%r&n% %k%n
i+8i i -%*#r%"#ri+$ $%k% %$&- -%+" ini k%$i i$%n i %-%$ "#-& k%4%
%n ir&n%$ &n%n &"%n#- %"%+ 4% "ik+ %%r %7&" %n "%'%n -%$%.
B&rik+" ini %%-%' *&*&r%% k&%-%'%n %n $+nkin "&r8%i &-%$%
r%k"ik+$ &'in% '%i- krinin !"#ki$i% %n i%%"k%n *&r*&% &n%n
+$*&r "ri %n %% /
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2. S%$&- %n %% "i%k i'%-+k%n &n%n *%ik1. Air %n% %n i+n%k%n *+k%n %+%& $&-%ink%n %ir *i%% %n
i%$*i- %ri $%%r%k%". K&-&*i'%n r&%&n $%++n &-%r+" %n i"%$*%'k%n?. L+% %-%$ &n%$*%'%n r&%&n %"%+ "%$*%'%n "&r"&n"+ k%r&n%
k+r%n k&"&-i"i%n5. K+r%nn% *&*&r%% *%'%n &&r"i k-#r#9#r$ %$#ni%k%-.@. H+$%n Err#r
#. KESIMPULAN
H%i- krinin !"#ki$i% $&n+n8+kk%n *%'7% %+n "r+k"+k $&n%n+n
"%nnin, %#nin, "&r&n, %n 9&n#-ik.S&%nk%n '%i- krinin !"#ki$i%
+n"+k %+n &%+ -ii $&n%n+n "%nnin, %#nin, %-k%-#i, %n 9&n#-ik.
O-&' k%r&n% i"+, *%ik %+n "r+k"+k $%++n %+n &%+ -ii (i%+ri)
"&r*+k"i $&$+n%i &n%7%0&n%7% #r%ni4 %n *%ik *%i k&&'%"%n
%n %%" i+n%k%n &*%%i #*%" "r%ii#n%-.
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I. DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Dr+"%$%. 132. Tri %%r &n%i%n !"#ki$i%
('""/r+"%$%.7#rr&.4#$132313"ri0%%r0krinin0&n%i%n0
!"#ki$i%) i%k& 2 M&i 1325
Enr% S&n%n%. 132?. SkrininP&n%i%n Fi"#ki$i% ('""/i-$+0
k&9%r$%i%n.*-##".4#$13231krinin0!"#ki$i%.'"$- ) i%k& 2 M&i
1325
'""/29%r$%i.*-##".4#$132?3krinin0!"#ki$i%0%n0i#-%i0
&n%7%.'"$- i%k& 3 Ari- 1325
M%r-in%, kk. 133. J+rn%- Skrinin Fi"#ki$i% %n An%-ii
Kr#$%"#r%! L%i Tii K#$#n&n Ki$i% B+%' L%*+ Si%$ (Se/hium
edule J%4. S7%r"6.)
'""/&rin".+n.%4.i>?22=@=322==
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J. LAMPIRAN
Daun Sesapu Lidi (Sidaguri)
Herbarium Daun Truktuk
Herbarium Daun Sesapu Lidi (Sidaguri)
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Reagenreagen dan pereaksi yang digunakan
!" Sampel Daun Truktuk
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Terpenoid Tannin #enol
Alkaloid #lavonoid Saponin (busa sudah
hilang)
$" Sampel Daun Sidaguri (Sesapu Lidi)
%&i Tannin %&i Saponin
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