LATIHAN LATIHAN CARTA CARTA

KAWALANKAWALAN

Carta Kawalan p dan npCarta Kawalan p dan np Carta kawalan jenis “Attribute”Carta kawalan jenis “Attribute” Digunakan apabila sampel diklafikasikan Digunakan apabila sampel diklafikasikan

sama ada mengikut atau tidak mengikut sama ada mengikut atau tidak mengikut keperluan operasi yang dijalankankeperluan operasi yang dijalankan

Carta kawalan p – menunjukkan Carta kawalan p – menunjukkan nisbahnisbah item yang “nonconforming”item yang “nonconforming”

Carta kawalan np – menunjukkan Carta kawalan np – menunjukkan bilangan bilangan item yang “nonconforming” item yang “nonconforming”

Carta Kawalan pCarta Kawalan p Proportion defined as (X/n)Proportion defined as (X/n) Standard deviation for proportion (nisbah)Standard deviation for proportion (nisbah)

Control limit for the proportion of nonconforming Control limit for the proportion of nonconforming item from the sample or subgroup data asitem from the sample or subgroup data as

Carta Kawalan p – samb…Carta Kawalan p – samb… MakaMaka

Contoh 1: Nonconforming Hotel Contoh 1: Nonconforming Hotel RoomRoom

Nonconforming hotel rooms at check-in over a 4-Nonconforming hotel rooms at check-in over a 4-week periodweek period

Penggiraan Contoh 1Penggiraan Contoh 1 For these data,

Thus

So,

Carta kawalan p : Contoh 1Carta kawalan p : Contoh 1

The p chart for the proportion of nonconforming rooms upon guestarrival.

Contoh 2 : Carta Kawalan p Contoh 2 : Carta Kawalan p (Bagi saiz kumpulan tidak sama)(Bagi saiz kumpulan tidak sama)

Nonconforming sponges produced daily for a 32-day period.

Pengiraan Contoh 2Pengiraan Contoh 2

Guna formula yang sama untuk dapatkan LCL dan UCL

Carta kawalan p: Contoh 2Carta kawalan p: Contoh 2

The p chart for the proportion of nonconforming sponges.

Carta Kawalan npCarta Kawalan np The standard error of the number the The standard error of the number the

number of “successes” or nonconforming number of “successes” or nonconforming items asitems as

The control limits for the number of nonconforming items as follows:

Carta kawalan np – samb…Carta kawalan np – samb… Maka,Maka,

Dimana,Dimana,n = subgroup sizek = number of subgroups

Gunakan Contoh 1Gunakan Contoh 1

Carta Kawalan np : Contoh 1Carta Kawalan np : Contoh 1

The np chart for the nonconforrning hotel rooms.

LatihanLatihan

Gunakan Contoh 2 untuk Gunakan Contoh 2 untuk mendapatkan carta kawalan npmendapatkan carta kawalan np

Menggunakan Microsoft Excel – Menggunakan Microsoft Excel – Carta Kawalan pCarta Kawalan p

Gunakan contoh 1, buat steps berikut:– Open a new workbook and name a sheet

Data. The Data sheet may be set up with days in column

A, Room Studied in column B, Rooms Not Ready in column C, and the proportion for each day entered in column D.

Begin by opening a new workbook and rename the active sheet Data

Step by stepsStep by steps The steps for creating and entering the data for

the Data sheet are as follows:1. The days are to be entered in rows 2-29 of column

A2. Since the sample size on each day is constant at

200, enter 200 in cell 82 and copy this value down the column to cell B29.

3. Enter the Rooms Not Ready data for each day in the cell range C2:C29.

4. The proportion of rooms not ready each day can be obtained by dividing the entry in column C by the entry in column B. Enter =C2/B2 in cell D2 and then copy this formula down the column to cell D29.

Cont… : Design Data sheetCont… : Design Data sheet

Cont… : Design Calculation sheetCont… : Design Calculation sheet

Calculation sheetCalculation sheet

Design Chart – using chart wizardDesign Chart – using chart wizard