Morfologi Insecta New

7/28/2019 Morfologi Insecta New

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6 kaki

1 pasang antena

Kebanyakandewasa bersayap


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Caput


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Mata tunggal

Mata faset

antena

Bibir atas

Bibir bawah

mandibula

Sungut labial

Rahang atas


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Mata faset & Ocelli

head of queen European Hornet (Vespacrabro)

Ocelli

Mata majemuk


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Mulut

labrum

mandibles

maxillae (plural maxilla)

labium

The labrum is a simple fused sclerite, often called the

upper lip, and moves longitudinally.

The labium (often called the lower lip), is a

fused structure that moves longitudinally and

possesses a pair of segmented palps

The maxillae are paired structures that can

move at right angles to the body and possess

segmented palps.

The mandibles, or jaws, are highly sclerotized paired

structures that move at right angles to the body. They are

used for biting, chewing and severing food


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Tabel Perbandingan Jenis Mulut

Tipe mulut

Ilustrasi

Deskripsi Dilengkapi denganalat seperti belalai

panjang yang

dapat digulung

Dilengkapi dengan

alat untuk

menjilat

Dilengkapi rahang

yang panjang dan

runcing

Dilengkapi dengan

rahang atas dan

bawah yang

sangat kuat

Kupu-kupu,

ngengatLalat rumah,

lalat buah

Nyamuk, Belalang,

kumbang,

semut

Contoh

serangga


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Fungsi utama: sebagai organ

sensoris (penerima rangsangan).Beberapa rangsangan yang dapat

dideteksi oleh antena

serangga meliputi: Gerak dan

orientasi, bau, suara,

kelembaban, dan berbagai

isyarat kimia. Antena sangat

bervariasi di antara serangga,

tetapi semua memiliki pola dasar

yang sama.

Antena


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Aristate antennae are pouch-like with a lateral bristle.

Examples: House and shore flies

(order Diptera).

Capitate antennae are abruptly

clubbed at the end.

Examples: Butterflies

(order Lepidoptera).

Jenis-jenis antena


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Clavate antennae are gradually

clubbed at the end.

Examples: Carrion beetles

(order Coleoptera).

Filiform antennae have athread-like shape.

Examples: Ground and

longhorned beetles

(orderColeoptera), cockroaches

(order Blattaria).


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Geniculate antennae are hinged

or bent like an elbow.

Examples: Bees and ants

(order Hymenoptera).

Lamellate or clubbed antennae

end in nested plates.

Examples: Scarab beetles (order

Coleoptera).


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Moniliform have a beadlike

shape.

Examples: Termites (order

Isoptera).

Pectinate antennae have a

comb-like shape.

Examples: Fire-colored beetles

and fireflies (orderColeoptera).


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Plumose antennae have a

feather-like shape.

Examples: Moths(order Lepidoptera) and

mosquitoes (order Diptera).

Serrate antennae have a saw-

toothed shape.

Examples: Click beetles

(order Coleoptera).


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Setaceous antennae have a

bristle-like shape.

Examples: Dragonflies and

damselflies (orderOdonata).


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Thorax


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Thorax

prothorax

mesothorax

metathorax

Sepasang

sayap

Sepasang

tungkai

Each segment consists of hardened plates, or sclerites.Dorsal sclerites are called nota (singular notum), lateral

sclerites are called pleura (singular pleuron), and ventralsclerites are called sterna (singular sternum). The firstsegement of the prothorax is the pronotum.
http://www.entomology.umn.edu/cues/4015/morpology/http://www.entomology.umn.edu/cues/4015/morpology/


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Sayap

Tidak bersayap (Apterygota)

Ordo Collembola

Bersayap (Pterygota)

Ordo

Lepisma Saccharina

Ordo Lepidopthera


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Insects have evolved many variations of the

wings, and an individual insect may posess more

than one type of wing. Wing venation is acommonly used taxonomic character, especially

at the family and species level.

Danaus eresimus


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Membranous wings are thin and more or

less transparent, but some are darkened.Examples: Dragonfiles and damselflies

(order Odonata), lacewings

(order Neuroptera), flies (order Diptera),

bees and wasps (order Hymenoptera),termites (order Isoptera).

Jenis-jenis sayap

Halteres are an extreme modification

among the order Diptera (true flies), in

which the hind wings are reduced to mere

nubs used for balance and direction during

flight.

Examples: All flies (order Diptera).

Order Diptera: Crane fly, Tipula oleracea


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Elytra (singular elytron) are the hardened, heavily sclerotized forewings of beetles and are

modified to protect the hind wings when at rest.

Examples: All beetles (order Coleoptera).

A variation of the elytra is the hemelytra. The forewings of Hemipterans are said to be

hemelytrous because they are hardened throughout the proximal two-thirds, while the distal

portion is membranous. Unlike elytra, hemelytra function primarily as flight wings.

Order Hemiptera: Big-eyed bug, Geocoris sp.

Order Coleoptera: Dung beetle, Heliocopris andersoni


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Tegmina (singular tegmen) are the leathery forewings of insects in the orders Orthoptera,

Blattaria, and Mantodea. Like the elytra on beetles and the hemelytra on bugs, the

tegmina help protect the delicate hind wings.

Examples: Grasshoppers, crickets and katydids (order Orthoptera), Cockroaches

(order Blattaria), Mantids (order Mantodea).

Order Orthoptera: Grasshopper, Dissosteira

carolina,

Order Blattaria: Smokybrown

cockroach, Periplaneta fuliginosa,

t k i


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tungkai

Depan (foreleg)

Tengah (midleg)

Belakang (hind leg)


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Kursorial (berlari) Fosorial (menggali)

Raptorial (mencengkram)saltorial (melompat)

Natatorial (berenang)Tipe tungkai serangga


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Raptorial

Kursorial

FosorialNatatorial

Korbikulum

SaltatorialValanga nigricornis

(belalang)Stagmomantis carolina

(belalang sembah)

Periplaneta australasiae

(kecoa)

Gryllotalpa africana

(orong-orong)Hydrophilus triangularis

(kumbang air)

Apis cerana

(lebah madu)


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Abdomen


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The abdomen contains the reproductive organs and the majority

of the organ systems. The dorsal and ventral abdominal

segments are termed terga (singular tergum) and sterna(singular sternum), respectively. Spiracles usually can be found

in the conjunctive tissue between the terga and sterna of

abdominal segments 1-8. Reproductive structures are located on

the 9th segment in males (including the aedeagus, or penis, andoften a pair of claspers) and on the 8th and 9th abdominal

segments in females (female external genitalia copulatory

openings and ovipositor)
http://www.entomology.umn.edu/cues/4015/morpology/http://www.entomology.umn.edu/cues/4015/morpology/http://www.entomology.umn.edu/cues/4015/morpology/http://www.entomology.umn.edu/cues/4015/morpology/http://www.entomology.umn.edu/cues/4015/morpology/http://www.entomology.umn.edu/cues/4015/morpology/


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Telur

anopheles

aedes culex

Tidak tahan kering,

berpelampung

Tahan kering,

Tidak berpelampug

Berbentuk rakit, tidak

tahan kering


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Larva

Aedes culex


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proboscis

antenna

foreleg

wingVein CuVein 1Afemur

Abdominal terga

midleg

hindleg

caput

thorax

abdomen

palpa

Imago


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Nyamuk Aedes

aegypti berwarnahitam dengan

belang-belang

(loreng) putih

pada seluruh

tubuhnya


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M b d k k


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Membedakan nyamuk


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Panjang palpa =

panjang proboschis

Antena berbulu lebat

(tipe plumose)

Panjang palpa

Morfologi Insecta New

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