NATSIKAP ARAGEN AYNIRIDREB NAD AIDNI ID EMSILANOISAN

6091( - 7491 M)

ISPIRKS

ayaduB umll nad badA satlukaF adapeK nakujaiD

atrakaygoY agajilaK nanuS NIU

)muH .S( aroinamuH anajraS raleG helorepmeM kutnU

:helO

hahcilsuM nutafinA

( :MIN )80002101

NASURUJ MALSI NAAYADUBEK NAD HARAJES

AYADUB UMLI NAD BADA SATLUKAF

AGAJILAK NANUS IREGEN MALSI SATISREVINU

ATRAKAYGOY

4102

ii

NAILSAEK NAATAYNREP

: ini hawab id nagnat adnatreb gnaY

amaN hahcilsuM nutafinA :

MIN 80002101 :

nasuruJ/gnajneJ malsI naayadubeK nad harajeS/1S :

ayrak/naitilenep lisah halada nahurulesek araces ini ispirks awhab nakatayneM

naigab adap ilaucek ,iridnes ayas - .aynrebmus kujurid gnay naigab

,atrakaygoY 02 4102 ieM

,nakataynem gnay ayaS

hahcilsuM nutafinA

80002101 : MIN

iii

SANID ATON

,.htY adapeK

ayaduB umlI nad badA satlukaF nakeD

atrakaygoY agajilaK nanuS NIU

w .rw mukiala’umalassA .b

ispirks haksan padahret iskerok nad ,nahara ,nagnibmib nakukalem haleteS

: ludujreb

AYNIRIDREB NAD AIDNI ID EMSILANOISAN ARAGEN NATSIKAP

:helo silutid gnaY

amaN hahcilsuM nutafinA :

MIN 80002101 :

nasuruJ malsI naayadubeK nad harajeS :

s satlukaF adapek nakujaid tapad hadus tubesret ispirks awhab tapadnepreb aya

nanuS NIU badA saqanum gnadis malad nakujaid kutnu atrakaygoY agajilaK y .ha

.bw .rw mukiala’malassaW

,atrakaygoY 02 4102 ieM

,gnibmibmep nesoD

.PIN 200 1 218991 10505591

vi

KILBUPER AMAGA NAIRTNEMEK SATISREVINU AISENODNI

AGAJILAK NANUS IREGEN MALSI

AYADUB UMLI NAD BADA SATLUKAF 949315)4720( .kaF/.pleT 18255 atrakaygoY otpicus idA adsraM .LJ

beW : niU .bada//ptth - E di.ca.akus - : liam niu@bada - i.ca.akus

ISPIRKS NAHASEGNEP ...............................NIU : romoN

S luduj nagned rikhA saguT/ispirk : ayniridreB nad aidnI id emsilanoisaN

natsikaP arageN

helo nususid nad nakpaisrepid gnaY

amaN hahcilsuM nutafinA :

MIN 80002101 :

akhasaqanumid haleT adap n :

hasaqanuM ialiN :

nanuS NIU ayaduB umlI nad badA satlukaf helo amiretid halet nakataynid naD

.agajilaK

: HAYSAQANUM MIT

v

OTTOM

ِس اَّنلِل ْمُهُعَفْنَا ِس اَّنلا ُرْيَخ kiabeS - gnay haladA aisunaM kiab

amaseS igaB taafnamreB gnilaP

iv

NAHABMESREP

: kutnu nakhabmesrep uk ,ini anahredes gnay ayraK

:kutnU

ayaduB umlI nad badA satlukaF ukretamamlA

atrakaygoY agajilaK nanuS NIU

hayA , ubi keda , - keda agraulek hurules nad

namet aumeS - nagnaujrep utas namet

lla rof sknahT

iiv

KARTSBA

nagned iadnatid sirggnI nahajajnep irad aidnI naakedremek nagnaujreP

iatraP iulalem gnaujreb udniH tamU .malsI nad udniH tamu aratna kilfnok aynada iulalem gnaujreb milsuM tamu nakgnades ,M 5881 nuhat iridreb gnay sergnoK

nakiridid gnay milsuM agiL iatraP audek aratna id naadebreP .M 6091 nuhat aud idajnem hacepret aidnI taykar nagnaujrep nakbabeynem tubesret iatrap gnay halini milsuM agiL iatraP .milsuM nad udniH aratna utiay kitilop nataukek

atic iaynupmem aynitnan - .natsikaP arageN nakiridnem kutnu atic apa gnatnet adebreb gnay pesnok aud nagned aynkadites dujuwret natsikaP iagabes malsI gnadnamem kitilop tilE .malsI aragen iagabes nakduskamid gnay nagnudnak nakgnosognem gnay lanoisan satitnedi nad ,kitilop ,lanumok satitnedi

abes aynkilabeS .aynnaamagaek dnep raseb naig amalu helo nipmipid gnay ,kudu hokot nad - gnadnu nagned aragen haubes nakparahgnem ,aynnial amaga hokot -

irahes napudihek nad aynisutitsni ,aynrasad gnadnu - helo iasaukid surah irahamron nad ta’irays - .malsI amron

et nakbabeynem gnay halini laH id narikimep nakalogrep aynidajr nagned ujutes kadit akereM .amalu arap helo nipmipid gnay malsI tamu nagnalak irad tahilid akiJ .malsI naksadnalreb kadit gnaujreb milsuM agiL iatraP nasala

creb kaynab hibel milsuM agiL iatraP ,aynnanipmimepek nad igoloedi nakiri .malsI nakiricreb adap irad relukes

frodnerhaD iroet nakanuggnem ini naitileneP nakatagnem gnay helo iadnatid gnay nahaburep sesorp malad adareb asaitnanes takaraysamawhab

rusnu aratnaid surenem suret gnay nagnatnetrep - aynrusnu nakanugid ini iroeT . .aidnI id kitilop napudihek satilaer iuhategnem kutnu nakanuggnem ini naitilenep

fitargetni natakednep . nopser anamiagab halada aynhalasam nasumur nupadA ?natsikaP aragen nakutnebmep nasagag padahret malsI tamu

S .bab amilirad iridret ini ispirk ay edoteM naitilenep malad nakanugid gn gnay naakatsupek naitilenep sinej nagned ,fitatilauk naitilenep edotem halada ini

ukub nad lekitra itrepes ,rednukes rebmus apureb - aguj aynmaladid gnay ,ukub isakifirev sesorp naktawelem apnat nad ,fitatitnauk atad naktapadid nad

alid haleteS .isaterpretni l hadiak iauses silutid ispirkes akam tubesret pahat ayniu gnay ,ukalreb gnay haimli edotem atres nasahabmep akitametsis ,nasilunep

.ifargoirotsih tubesid aynlisah

iiiv

ISARETILSNART NAMODEP

BARA - NITAL 1

.1 nanosnoK

furuH barA

amaN nitaL furuH amaN

a ا fil kadiT

nakgnabmalid

kadiT

nakgnabmalid

ba b be ب

ta t te ت

t ث as ts t nad e es

j ج mi j je

ha h sirag nagned( ah ح

)hawab id

k خ ah kh ah nad ak

d د la d de

d ذ laz dz tez nad ed

ra r er ر

za z z ز te

s س ni s es

s ش niy sy ey nad se

s ص dah sh ah nad se

d ض dal dl le nad ed

t ط ah th ah nad et

d ظ ah dh ah nad ed

‘nia ع ‘ k id kilabret amo

sata

g غ niah gh ah nad eg

1 ,malsI naayadubeK nad harajeS nasuruJ nad kimedakA namodeP ispirkeS nasiluneP

( malsI naayadubeK nad harajeS nasuruJ ,)0102 ,I tec ,atrakaygoY :ayaduB umlI nad badA satlukaF ,44 .mlh - .74

xi

furuH

barA

amaN

nitaL furuH amaN

fa f ef ف

q ق fa q qi

k ك fa k ka

l ل ma l el

m م mi m em

n ن nu n en

w و ua w we

ha h ha ه

l ال fila ma la al nad le

h ء hazma ` A fortsop

ya y ye ئ

.2 lakoV

.a laggnuT lakoV

adnaT amaN nitaL furuH amaN

َ fa ht ha a a

ِ k harsa i i

ُ d hammal u u

.b pakgnaR lakoV

adnaT amaN nitaL furuH amaN

fa ىَ ht ay nad ha ai i nad a

fa وَ ht uaw nad ha au u nad a

:hotnoC

نىسح : h niasu

لوح : h alua

x

.3 haddaM

adnaT amaN nital furuH amaN

اس fa ht fila nad ha â gnipac nagned a

sata id

يس k ay nad harsa î gnipac nagned i

sata id

وس d nad hammal

uaw

û gnipac nagned u

sata id

.4 hahtubraM aT

.a aT takarah irebid uata nakitamid inis id iakapid gnay hahtubraM

./h/ halada aynisaretilsnart nad ,nukus

.b gnay atak helo itukiid hahtubram at nagned rihkareb gnay atak ualaK

/ gnadnasreb hahtubram at nad hasipid uti atak audek akam ,/I a

gned nakisaretilsnartid ./h/ na

:hotnoC

ةمطاف F : â hamiht

ةم ّركملا ةّكم la hakkaM : - hamarrakuM

.5 haddayS

amas gnay furuh utiay ,furuh nagned nakgnabmalid didysat /haddayS

.uti haddasreb gnay furuh nagned

:hotnoC

انّبر nabbar : â

لّزن alazzan :

.6 gnadnaS ataK

“ gnadnas ataK لا nagned itukiid gnay kiab ,”la“ nagned nakgnabmalid “

.hayiramaq furuh nagned itukiid gnay nupuam hayismays furuh

:hotnoC

شمشلا la : - ysmayS

ةمكحلا la : -H hamki

ix

RATNAGNEP ATAK

ِمْيِحَّرلا ِنمْحَّرلا ِهللا ِمىْسِب

اًدَّمَحُم َّنَا ُدَهْشَا َو ُهَل َكْيِرَش اَل ُهَدْحَو ُهللا َالِا َهَلِا اَل ْنَا ُدَهْشَا َنْيِمَلَعْلا ِّبَر هللاُدْمَحْلَا ِهِباَحْصَاَو ِمْيِرَكْلا ِهِلْوُسَر ىَلَع ُمَالَّسلاَو ُة َالَّصلاَو ُهَدْعَب َيِبَن اَل ُهُلْوُسَر َو ُهُدْبَع.َنْيِعَمْجَا

S TWS hallA kilim aynah ijup alage nahuT , mala arahilemep nad atpicnep

natahesek ,natamkinek ,hayadih ,tamhar iagabreb nakirebmem halet gnay ,atsemes

ainurak atres - adnigaB adapek nakharucret malas nad tawalahs agomeS .ayN

R was hallulusa arap atreS .mala hurules igab tamhar awabmep nahilip aisunam,

.nimA ,ayntukignep nad tabahas ,agraulek

malaD sesorp s naiaseleynep ludujreb gnay ispirk id emsilanoisaN I aidn

ayniridreB nad arageN natsikaP iradaynem silunep , P .natilusek kaynab silune

halet gnay kahip iagabreb adapek hisakamiret kaynab nakpacugnem nakirebmem

om ,nagnibmib apureb kiab ,nautnab s aggnihes iretam nupuam isavit asib ini ispirk

nakiaselesret .

silunep ,ini nagneD rasebes gnay hisakamiret nakpacugnem - aynraseb

adapek :

.1 .atrakaygoY agajilaK nanuS NIU rotkeR

.2 ayaduB umlI nad badA satlukaF nakeD nanuS iregeN malsI satisrevinU

.atrakaygoY agajilaK

.3 nasuruJ auteK umlI nad badA satlukaF ,malsI naayadubeK nad harajeS

.atrkaygoY agajilaK nanuS iregeN malsI satisrevinU ayaduB siluneP

nakirebid halet gnay nakajibek sata hisakamiret kayneb nakpacugnem

ales .iduts rihka aggnih racnal nalajreb asib aggnihes ini am

.4 .rD .forP M miraK ludbA .M . M ,.A A . ,. gnibmibmeP nesoD ukales

,silunep gnibmibmem halet nasalhkiek nad narabasek hunep nagned

id aynutkaw nakgnaulem halet atres aynahara nad nagnibmib nakirebmem

.ini ispirks aynakiaselesret aggnihes tadap utigeb gnay nakubisek hagnet

iix

.5 ,namharrudbA gnuduD .rD .forP P nesoD ukaleS .muH .M tahesane

tahesan nakirebmem halet anerak hisakamiret ,kimedakA - nad tahesan

naras - ab hibel idajnem kutnu isavitom idajnem gnay naras .ki

.6 hisakamiret ,malsI naayadubeK nad harajeS nesoD huruleS umli sata

ulales nad taafnamreb nakirebid gnay umli agomes ,nakirebid halet gnay

hap hapmilreb .TWS hallA helo nakirebid gnay ala

.7 ubI nad hayA malad tagnames nakirebmem ulales ini amales gnay

nem luhad irad pudih inalaj nad asiN ,silunep kida audeK .ini taas aggnih u

silunep ulales gnay ,azaF .nakudnir

.8 em halet gnay atoggna huruleS B margorp gnukudnem nad nakadagn kidi

uam larom apureb nautnab nakirebmem halet hisakamireT .isim iretam nup

aggnihes 1S nakiaseleynem tapad silunep agomeS . nad ikzir habmatreb

tapad ulales gnaro nagned iludep - asib raga upmam kadit gnay gnaro

irad nasalab tapadnem aynnakiabek agomeS .aynnakididnep naktujnalem

.TWS hallA

.9 nameT - mkidiB namet b ulales gnay ,0102 natakgna issi ,utasreb ,gnaujre

.narabasek hunep nagned iduts naracnalek imed tagnamesreb

.01 nameT - ,0102 natakgna malsI naayadubeK nad harajeS nasuruJ namet

.aynisavitom alages sata hisakamiret

.11 kahip adapek kaynab hisakamireT - nasilunep malad lidna tuki gnay kahip

pirks is TWS hallA helo naklubakid nad nakracnalid aynaumes agomeS.ini ,

atic idajnem gnay apa irad - gnisam aynatic - .gnisam

nakiabek agomeS - nakiabek TWS hallA helo salabid tubesret ,

tapad taub silunep gnay ispirks agomeS .aynaumes igab helohs lama idajnem nad

adap acabmep arap igab taafnamreb nad aynsusuhk adap silunep igab taafnamreb

’labbaR aY nimA .aynmumu - .nimala

02 , atrakaygoY 4102 ieM

siluneP

nutafinA hahcilsuM

80002101 ,MIN

iiix

ISI RATFAD

LUDUJ NAMALAH ................................ ................................ ................... i

NAILSAEK NAATAYNREP NAMALAH ................................ ................ ii

SANID ATON NAMALAH ................................ ................................ ........ iii

OTTOM NAMALAH ................................ ................................ ................. v

NAHABMESREP NAMALAH ................................ ................................ .. iv

KARTSBA IS ................................ ................................ ............................... iiv

ISARTILISNART NAMODEP ................................ ................................ .. iiiv

RATNAGNEP ATAK ................................ ................................ ................. ix

ISI RATFAD ................................ ................................ ............................... iiix

NARIPMAL RATFAD ................................ ................................ ............... ivx

BAB NAULUHADNEPI ................................ ................................ ............. 1

.A halasaMgnakaleBrataL ................................ ........................... 1

.B halasaMnasumuRnadnasataB ................................ ................. 6

.C naitilenePnaanugeKnadnaujuT ................................ ............... 8

.D akatsuPnauajniT ................................ ................................ ..... 9

.E iroeTnasadnaL ................................ ................................ ....... 11

.F naitilenePedoteM ................................ ................................ ... 41

.G nasahabmePakitametsiS ................................ ......................... 71

II BAB AKEDREM MULEBES AIDNI ID NAPUDIHEK SATILAER 91

.A imonokE isidnoK ................................ ................................ .. 22

.B kitiloP isidnoK ................................ ................................ ....... 62

.1 aidnI id emsilanoisaN aynlucnuM ................................ .... 13

.a sergnoK iatraP ................................ ............................. 23

vix

.b milsuM agiL iatraP ................................ ..................... 63

III BAB NASAGAG PADAHRET MILSUM HOKOT ARAP NOPSER

NATSIKAP ARAGEN NAKUTNEBMEP ................................ 04

.A arageN nasagaG gnukudneM gnay milsuM hokoT araP natsikaP

.1 natsikaP edI sutecneP :labqI dammahuM .......................... 04

.a takgniS ifargoiB ................................ ........................ 04

.b .labqI dammahuM kitiloP narikimeP ........................... 14

.2 natsikaP edI kareggneP :hanniJ ilA dammahuM ............... 44

.1 takgniS ifargoiB ................................ ........................ 44

.2 hanniJ kitiloP narikimeP ................................ ............. 54

.B ebmeP nasagaG gnatneneM gnay milsuM hokoT araP nakutn

arageN natsikaP ................................ ................................ ..... 35

.1 inadaM damhA niasuH analuaM ................................ ...... 35

.a takgniS ifargoiB ................................ ......................... 35

.b kitiloP gnadiB malad niasuH nareP ............................. 35

.c arageN nakutnebmeP edI gnateneM inadaM nasalA

natsikaP ................................ ................................ ...... 45

.2 dazA malaK lubA ................................ ............................. 55

.a ifargoiB ................................ ................................ ..... 55

.b kitiloP nareP ................................ ............................... 55

.c dazA malaK lubA nasalA edI nagned ujuteS kadiT

natsikaP arageN nakutnebmeP ................................ .... 65

vx

.3 ubA la - iduduaMal’A ................................ ........................ 75

.a iduduaM takgniS ifargoiB ................................ ........... 75

.b iduduaM kitiloP narikimeP ................................ ........ 95

.c natsikaP nasagaG gnatneneM iduduaM nasalA ........... 06

)1 milsuM agiL iatraP igoloedI ................................ .... 06

milsuM agiL margorP)2 ................................ .............. 16

)3 milsuM agiL nipmimeP ................................ .......... 36

isasinagrO .C d gnay helO nakiridi hokoT gnay milsuM edI gnatneneM

natsikaP arageN nakutnebmeP ................................ .................. 56

.1 tayimaJ -e- amalU -e- idniH ................................ ..................... 56

.2 J ta’ama -e- imalsI ................................ ................................ .. 96

VI BAB NATSIKAP NAHASIMEP SESORP - AIDNI .......................... 57

.A mumU nahilimeP ................................ ................................ ... 57

.a mumU nahilimeP 7391 nuhaT ................................ .......... 57

.b 6491 nuhaT mumU nahilimeP ................................ .......... 38

.B natsikaP naakedremeK - aidnI ................................ .................. 48

V BAB PUTUNEP ................................ ................................ ................... 89

.A nalupmiseK ................................ ................................ ............ 89

.B naraS ................................ ................................ ..................... 09

AKATSUP RATFAD ................................ ................................ .................. 92

NARIPMAL ................................ ................................ ................................ 98

PUDIH TAYAWIR RATFAD ................................ ................................ .... 501

ivx

NARIPMAL RATFAD

I naripmaL gnay milsuM hokoTrabmaGagiLnagnedujuteS milsuM

II naripmaL gnay milsuM hokoTrabmaG

milsuM agiLnagnedujuteSkadiT

III naripmaL sergnoKiatraParedneBnadgnabmaLrabmaGaidnI id

VI naripmaL agiLiatraParedneBnadgnabmaLrabmaG

aidnI id milsuM

V naripmaL natsikaP nad aidnI ateP

1

I BAB

NAULUHADNEP

.A gnakaleB rataL halasaM

asam adap idajret aidnI hayaliw id malsI naasaukek lawA la hafilahK -

irad ,dilaW aratnet helo nakukalid ini hayaliw nakulkaneP .hayyamU inaB

.misaQ nbi dammahuM nanipmip hawab id hayyamU inaB 1 kutnu uti kajeS

hibel arageN .milsuM helo hatnirepid aidnI aumes ripmah nuhat ubires irad

pahat utas adap gnay lahguM muirepmI halada rihkaret iasaugnem aynna

B kanA hurules ripmah .aidnI aune 2

nagned ayak gnay iregen halada aidnI ,lahguM naayajek asam adaP

laH .nainatrep lisah imalagnem gnades gnay sirggnI gnorodnem ini

kutnu irtsudni nad igolonket ,nauhategnep umli gnadib id naujamek

.uti haread iasaugnem 3 B kanA id sirggnI naasaugnep sesorP aidnI aune

naasaugnep irad lawareb gnaB la .7571 adap algnaB iD nakiridid

nahatniremep nad duA hayaliw naidumek lususid gnay sirggnI monoto

.assirO 4 ,7581 nuhat adaP hurules races aidnI sirggnI helo iasaukid imser a

k adap anera ieM 01 laggnat 7581 udniH nakusap , tirujarp/ – udniH tirujarp

1 ,mitaY irdaB II hayimalsI hasariD ;malsI nabadareP harajeS ilawajaR :atrakaJ(

.541 .mlh ,)3102 ,sreP 2 ,inatteK ilA .M inI asaweD ainuD iD milsuM satironiM , iteojeoS iwokraZ .jret

.551 .mlh ,)5002 ,adasreP odnifarG ajaR TP :atrakaJ( 3 ,diysaR ayaroS nredoM dabA malsI harajeS .771 .mlh ,)3102 ,kabmO :atrakaygoY( 4 gnagadreb haalada aynlawa naujuT .M 0061 nuhat kajes aidnI ek kusam sirggnI

tsaE hsitirB iulalem ek daba adaP .)CIE(ynapmoC aidnI - gnajnap narupmetrep idajret 81 sirggnI aynlisaH .aisA id nahajaj haread tubereb anerak sicnareP nad sirggnI aratna ek sirggnI naujut nakkolebmem naidumek gnay halini nagnanemeK .sicnareP nakhalagnem

dreb alumes gnay aidniI “ ,niqidoS ilA .iasaugnem nigni habureb gnaga id malsI nabadarePtaraB emsilairepmI nad nataleS aisA ,).de( .kkd mayraM itiS malad ,” nabadareP harajeS

nredoM aggniH kisalK asaM iraD malsI , .981 .mlh ,)4002 ,II .tec ,IFSEL :atrakaygoY(

2

irggnI aratnet idajnem gnay nad ,s nidihajuM nakareg taukrepid imalagnem

nakatnorebmep malad nahalakek nagned lanekid tubesret nakatnorebmeP .

nakatnorebmep lanoisan aidnI ( ynituM naidnI tubesret nakatnorebmeP .)

gnadnamem sirggnI anerak ,malsI tamu nakigurem urtsuj o iagabes malsI gnar

cimep nagned naikimed nagnadnap iaynupmem sirggnI .aynu tamu nasala

hS rudahaB nad malsI ha haletes lahguM naajareK nipmimep , ,bezgnaruA

.tubesret nakatnorebmep malad tabilret 5

( aidnI nakatnorebmep irad tabikA ynituM naidnI ,) irebmem sirggnI

tamu adapek namukuh ad ihleD kududnep risugnem sirggnI .malsI n

i hamur halmujes nakrucnahgnem karopmem atres hadab -p gnudeg nakadnaro -

.lahguM gnudeg rudahaB M 8581 naidumeK hahS .anatsI irad risuid 6

tubesret nakatnorebmeP halas nakapurem aynlubmit igab gnorodnep utas

n ilanoisa malsI nagnolog ratna nahaceprep nagned iadnatid gnay aidnI ems

.udniH nad 7

ayniridreb halada nahisilesrep lawa babeynep utas halaS llA naidnI

lanoitaN ssergnoC .8 iatraP tapmet nakapurem sergnoK sinej iagabreb

s nupuam suigiler kiab ,naralanep ,reluke nap nupuata silanoisan -i simals ,

udniH nakhab - .naujut utas hiarem kutnu isasilibomid milsuM 9 haletes numaN

5 ,mikahruN hoM taJ nagnalimegeK harajeS pakgniyneM ;nudamaT haubeS aynhu

malsI hafilahK muirepmI narucnaheK nad ,aisenodnI kilbupeR amagA nairtnemeK :atrakaJ( .761 .mlh ,)2102 ,malsI iggniT nakididneP tarotkeriD ,malsI nakididneP laredneJ tarotkeriD

6 dibI .761 .mlh ,. 7 ituT ,niwrE hairuN harajeS malad nataleS aisA ,aisenodnI satisrevinU :atrakaJ(

.35 .mlh ,)0991 8 dibI .35 .mlh ,. 9 igab nanikgnumek nakirebmem aynlutebes ini nakareg akgnarek ,ini fitkepsrep iraD

usruksid idajnem kutnu tapet gnay aidnI emsiralukes aynatpicret itna nakareG .fitisop gnay s - larutluk nupuam naamagaek isamitigel kiranem kutnu naupmamek iaynuepmem lainolok

nad fitkidartnok gnay aragen satilarten susruksid nakparenem kutnu aidnI takaraysam irad

3

ajret ,5881 nuhat adap sergnoK iatraP ayniridreb isatiga nad isaripsnok id

n muak uggnep itnaggnem kutnu udniH silanoisa nad udru asahab naan

nalatabmep algnaB isnivorp nakutnebmep . 01

gnay isatiga nad isaripsnok aparebeb aynidajret haletes amal kadiT

gnaro helo nakukalid - ep aparebeb halidajret ,udniH gnaro nagnalak id nahabur

M takaraysam nagned iadnatid tubesret nahabureP .milsu ynlucnum a

karaysam tagnames M ta kitilop rulaj tawel gnaujreb kutnu milsu . 11 adaP

tnu kutnebid milsuM agiL ,6091 kah naktapadnem ku - nad milsuM kitilop kah

M satinumok arahilemem isanimod irad milsu naayainagnep nad udniH

sirggnI . 21

L nairidneP milsuM agi silanoisan padahret iskaer iagabes udniH em

alad tapadret gnay O .aidnI lanoisaN sergnoK iatraP m milsuM agiL isasinagr

kiridid M lautkeletni kopmolekes helo na isaripsa gnupmanem kutnu milsu

n ,aynalum adaP .malsI emsilanoisa narikimep nagned iauses milsuM agiL

nahK damhA diyyaS gnay l pakisreb ipateT .sirggnI hatniremep padahret layo

repes C derfliW helo nakatakid gnay it milsuM agiL ,3191 adap htimS llewtna

rasad naraggna kutneb habugnem helorepmem ahasureb nagned ayn

p .aynnaujut nagned iauses kococ gnay iridnes nahatnireme 31

nanuhat gnadis nediserp ukales aynnatubmas malaD eugaeL milsuM

,)milsuM agiL( et aynlusu nakujagnem ilak amatrep labqI nakutnebmep gnatn

nA demhA ihalludbA .lainolok nataukek helo taubid - ,mi’aN relukeS arageN nad malsI

ha’irayS napeD asaM nakisaisogeneM .992 .mlh ,)7002 ,naziM :gnudnaB( 01 ,anaidsuK gnidA nad rihohT dijA malsI ,nagnabmekreP kacaleM ,nataleS aisA id

hsedalgnaB nad ,natsikaP ,aidnI id malsI kitiloP ,laisoS .471 .mlh ,)6002 ,aroinamuH :gnudnaB( 11 dibI .571 .mlh ,. 21 ,inatteK satironiM milsuM .161 .mh , 31 ,anaidsuK malsI nataleS aisA id .081 .mlh ,

4

M aragen utaus id monoto gnay milsu ,aidnI 92 adap nakadaid gnay

D aguj labqI .dabahallA id ,0391 rebmese lad naksagenem nanuhat tapar ma

nad dniS ,aratU nasatabrep haread ,bajnuP tahilem nigni ayas“ ,milsuM agiL

naujut nad edi halinsis iD”.aragen utas idajnem gnubagreb ,natsihkulaB

idajnem naidumek nad imser araces nakmumuid iridnesret aragen kutnebmem

san nagnaujrep naujut labqI ualak naknarehgnem kadit .aidnI malsI tamu lanoi

gnadnapid .natsikaP kapab iagabes 41

hanniJ ilA nanipmimepek hawab id milsuM agiL ,8391 nuhat adaP

gen aud“ pesnok nakujagnem M aragen haubes tutnunem imser nad ”ara milsu

agiL ,0491 nuhat adaP .iridnesret igab isuloser nakraulegnem milsuM

.natsikaP aragen nakutnebmep 51 gnay iatrap nakapurem milsuM agiL

.natsikaP aragen nakutnebmep malad gnitnep narepreb naigabes numaN

agiL anerak hasipret gnay ria hanat nairidnep gnatnenem aidnI id amalu

jnunem kadit milsuM helo rutaid naka uti urab gnay aragen awhab nakku

helo nipmipid gnay ,dnaboeD amalu bahzam hurules ripmaH .ta’irays

.natsikaP naatpicnep gnatnenem ,inadaM damhA niasuH analuaM 61 S niale

M hokot kaynab ,uti hokot satitnedi awhab tapadnepreb aidnI id milsu - okot h

uata kiab gnay laisos ukalirep naknimrecnem gnaruk milsuM agiL

.malsI naraja nagned nagnatnetreb 71

41 ,noitusaN nuraH nakareG nad narikimeP harajeS ,malsI malad naurahabmeP

1 .mlh ,)6991 ,gnatniB naluB :atrakaJ( .49 51 halludbA kifuaT ( d.e ) , 2 dilij hafalihK ,malsI ainuD sitameT idepolkisnE ( ,

.733 .mlh ,)2002 ,eveoH naV uraB raithcI :atrakaJ 61 ,).de( ,otisopsE .L nhoJ drofxO idepolkisnE ,nredoM malsI ainuD: .N .Y avE jret

.922 .mlh ,)2002 ,naziM :gnudnaB( kkD 71 iF P ,mayS suadr nad igoloedI ,tafasliF ,harajeS :taraB kitiloP narikime

ek ainuD padahreT aynhuragneP -3 .523 .mlh ,)7002 ,araskA imuB :atrakaJ(

5

,uti nialeS d hagneti - gnaro aratna kilfnok satiskelpmok hagnet - aro n g

oisan nakareg aynlucnum atres ,udniH nad malsI silanoisan kutnu emsilan

sirggnI gnatnenem . amalU lutayi’maJ -e- idniH awhab nakataynem

nanawalreb tagnas uti malsI nad emsilanoisan . 81 naidumeK lutayi’maJ

amalU‘ -e- dniH , nad milsuM agiL padahret taig nagned eynapmakreb

aynnnanipmip hudunem l atres malsI itregnem kadit nad lautir ihutamem iala

etkarp .malsI k 91

iagabes iduduaM al’A lubA iridnep ta’amaJ - imalsI e gnatnenem ,

.natsikaP nakutnebmep nasagag 02 ,1491 nuhat adaP ta’amaJ - imalsI e iridreb

nakareg nipmimem malad milsuM agiL nagned gniasreb kutnu amaturet

adapek nakirebmem 0491 erohaL isuloseR haletes aynsusuhk ,natsikaP agiL

milsuM M aragen nakatpicnem kutnu .iridnesret milsu 12 51 laggnat adaP

ragen iagabes rihal natsikaP 7491 sutsugA gnay sirggnI irad akedrem a

.aidnI irad hasipret gnay nahatniremep ikilimem 22

tahileM gnatnet atkaf macam iagabreb narikimep padahret malsI tamu

n nakutnebmep edi itilenep ,tubesret natsikaP arage ijakgnem kutnu kiratret

nok nakidajid gnay narikimep gnatnet gnay narikimep ikilimem anerak kilf

adebreb edi malad .natsikaP aragen nakutnebmep

81 ,anaidsuK malsI nataleS aisA id .881 .mlh , 91 ,otisopsE drofxO idepolkisnE .922 mlh , 02 ,lamA nandA kifuaT malsI d satinredoM nagnatnaT na , narikimeP satA idutS

namhaR rulzaF mukuH .06 .mlh ,)4991 ,naziM :gnudnaB( 12 ,).de( amenhaR ilA malsI uraB namaZ sitnireP araP ,)5991 ,naziM :gnudnaB( .611 .mlh 22 ,ilA itkuM natsikaP naD aidnI iD nredoM malsI narikiP malA ,naziM :gnudnaB(

.912 .mlh ,)6991

6

.B halasaM nasumuR nad nasataB

nakiarugnem nad nakispirksednem kutnu duskamreb ini naitileneP

adebreb gnay narikimep ikilimem gnay milsuM hokot arap narikimep gnatnet

natnet g natsikaP aragen ayniridreb . et ini naispirksednem sesorp ragA harar

satabid surah ini naitilenep akam .naksumurid nad i gnay nahalasamrep kokoP

ispirkes malad sahabid adap naktarebkititid ini id idajret gnay emsilanoisan

aidnI nad , ahret malsI tamu nopser pad ebmep tn .natsikaP aragen naku

nagnaujrep halada duskam itilenep gnay emsilanoisaN takaraysam

idajret aguj ini nagnaujrep malaD .sirggnI lainolok ipadahgnem malad aidnI

ikilimem aggnihes milsuM nupuam udniH nagnalak id narikimep naadebrep

iridnes nagnaujrep sirag - udap utasreb kadit akereM .iridnes malad

.sirggnI lainolok ipadahgnem U tam agiL iatraP iulalem gnaujreb milsuM

nakiridnem kutnu naujutreb aynitnan gnay milsuM .natsikaP aragen

aticnem labqI - malsI aragen nakatic nasala nagned aidnI irad hasipret

utas nakapurem tubesret aragen nakutnebmep - ulos aynutas gnay is

muak igab naknikgnumem M .aidnI id naiamadrep igab nad milsu numaN

helo nipmipid gnay malsI tamu u arap amal ’ , ujutes kadit gnay kaynab

besret hasipret malsI aragen gnatnet labqI nasagag nagned laH .tu uti

nakidajnem amalu arap nagned tubesret aragen haubes nasagag gnatnenem

reb tilop isasinagro nakiridnem ahasureb nad nasala iagab gniasreb kutnu ki

.mumu nahilimep malad milsuM agiL nagned

malsI tamU nakidajid keybus iagabes gnay natsikaP anerak naitilenep

akedrem alada ,7491 sutsugA 41 adap aragen aratna id kinu h - M aragen milsu

7

ad l .malsI nagned aynnagnubuh lah ma P araces natsikaP kitilop namalagne

natiakreb largetni aidnI malsI tamu nagnaujrep nagned nakumenem kutnu

urab gnay gnay kitilop nahatniremep taluadreb nagnalihek haletes

sirggnI irad aynnaasaukek M XIX daba lawa adap . 32

P aitilene ini n isatabid 6091 nuhat irad - ilawaiD .7491 ,6091 nuhat

idajnem gnay milsuM agiL ayniridreb nuhat iagabes tubesret nuhat anerak

aidnI id malsI tamu nagnaujrep hadaw aragen ayniridreb gnukudnem gnay

aidnI irad hasipret . iapmas isatabiD ,7491 nuhat nad 41 laggnaT adap anerak

aidnI nad natsikaP igab gnitnep gnilap mutnemom nakapurem 7491 nuhat 51

.akedrem aragen idajnem uti aragen audek anerak

tapad ,sata id naiaru iraD idajnem gnay awhab nalupmisek kiratid

utiay ini naitilenep malad halasam anamiagab narikimep milsuM tamu

nakutnebmep edi gnatnet arageN natsikaP ?

iagabes naksumurid nahalasamrep ,sata id halasam gnakaleb ratal iraD

:tukireb

.1 apagnem kitilop napudihek satilaer aidnI id naktikgnabmem tapad

tagnames emsilanoisan milsuM tamu igab ?

.2 anamiagab nopser padahret milsuM hokot arap emsilanoisan aidnI id

es aggnih lucnum ?natsikaP malsI arageN nakutnebmep nasagag

.3 anamiagab sirggnI irad naakedremek naktapadnem kutnu sesorp

aggnihes natsikaP idajnem hacepret aidnI - aidnI ?

32 ,otisopsE idepolkisnE .722 .mlh ,

8

.C naanugeK nad naujuT naitileneP

kutnu ahasureb itilenep ,hutu araces aynnasahabmep sesorp adaP

races aynnusuynem nagned irasadid gnay ,sitametsis a naanugek nad naujut

iagabes anugreb ,naitilenep naanugek nad naujuT .iridnes ini naitilenep

nenem kutnu nakotap anam hara ek nakut ini naitilenep apa kutnu nad

ini amet anerak ,halada ini naitilenep gnitnep itrA .nakukalid uti naitilenep

muleb ini laH .itilenem gnay ada .itilenep igab gnitnep naijak halec idajnem

:tukireb iagabes halada ini naitilenep adap iapacid nigni gnay naujuT

.1 m mulebes aidnI id milsuM tamu napudihek satilaer sisilanagne

.emsilanoisan aynlucnum

.2 m nakiarugne narikimep kitilop hokot arap milsuM gnatnet

emsilanoisan aidnI id .natsikaP aragen ayniridreb aggnih .

.3 naksalejnem sesorp aragen nakutnebmep .natsikaP

gneD a na tapad ,ini naitilenep aynad :tukireb iagabes taafnam nakirebmem

.1 kirebmem tapad nakparahid simedaka sitkarp araces nagnabmus na

ianegnem isamrofni edi gnatnenem gnay hokot arap narikimep

.natsikaP aragen akutnebmep

.2 pad nakparahid kimedaka kitiroet araces hanazahk habmanem ta

naka gnay malsI isareneg igab ”lautkeletni nasiraw“ uata lautkeletnI

gnidnab atad nupuata pakgnelep atad iagabes kiab ,gnatad irad

gnay sinejes itilenep .nakukalid

9

.D akatsuP nauajniT

itilenep nauhategnepeS , ada muleb gnay ayrak sahabmem narikimep

milsuM hokot arap agen nakutnebmep edi gnatnet natsikaP ar , ada numan

ned natiakreb gnay ayrak aparebeb nakalogrep ianegnem naitilenep nag

narikimep kitilop nagnalak id :aynaratna id ,aidnI id malsI tamu

,amatreP ,nataleS aisA id malsI kitiloP laisoS nagnabmekreP kacaleM

hsedalgnaB nad natsikaP ,aidnI id malsI , gnidA nad rihohT dijA ayrak

gnudnaB id naktibretid gnay ,anaidsuK 6002 nuhat adap aroinamuH helo .

ni ukuB B kanA id malsI harajes naksalejnem i malsI lawa irad aidnI aune

ek kusam aguj ini ukub malaD .hsedalgnaB aynkutnebret aggnih aidnI

sahabid nalaosrep - p sitamelid nalaosrep kadit numaN .malsI tamu nagnaujre

lsI tamu nagnaujrep anamiagab naksalejnem edi nakdujuwem kutnu ma

alak irad nagnatnat naktapadnem natsikaP aragen nakutnebmep tamu nagn

artnok gnay malsI tamu nopser apureb tubesret nagnatnaT .iridnes malsI

.natsikaP aragen nakutnebmep edi padahret

,audeK “ natsikaP arageN nakiridneM malaD milsuM agiL iatraP ” ,

,atrakaygoY agajilaK nanuS NIU ha’irayS satlukaF ,niddumazaN ispirkes

hat ,hasayiS hayaniJ nasuruJ tubesret ispirkeS .0102 nu narep adap sukofret

asam adap naakedremek nakgnaujrepmem malad milsuM agiL iatraP

sirggnI isasilainolok . nopser anamiagab gnugniynem kadit ini ispirkes malaD

aragen nakutnebmep edi padahret malsI tamu sirag idajnem gnay natsikaP

.aidnI id milsuM agiL nagnaujrep

01

agiteK , “ 7391 natsikaP malsI arageN ayniridreB sesorP - 7491 ” utauS(

)sirotsiH naijaK NIU ayaduB umlI nad badA satlukaF ,hadiaS ruN ayrak

nuS S .8991 ,atrakaygoY agajilaK na isasilaer adap sukofret tubesret ispirk

.malsI tamu ahasu sata rihal gnay akedrem aragen iagabes natsikaP umaN ,n

s malad kadit tubesret ispirk gnatnet malsI tamu nopser anamiagab naksalejid

alaD .natsikaP aragen nakutnebmep edi itilenep ,ini lah m iuhategnem hibel

gab malad I tamu ayapu atres nasala anamia edi nagned ujutes kadit gnay mals

.natsikaP aragen nakutnebmep

.E iroeT nasadnaL

sapugnem duskamreb ini naitileneP milsuM hokot arap narikimep

rikifreb malad naadebrep ikilimem anerak kilfnok nakidajid gnay D . mala

nakanuggnem itilenep ,ini naitilenep natakednep uata natakednep ,fitargetni

akgnar malad natakednep iagabreb ratna nakudamem gnay fitkepsrep

iduts keybo utauses naksalejnem nad imahamem gnay malsI narikimeP .

alajeg malad lutnapret - irad siripme alajeg tukgnaynem halada malsI harajes

gnadib - ,naamagaek gnadib .imonoke nad ,kitilop ,ayadub laisos 42 natakedneP

ini nakanugid irusulenem kutnu narikimep hokot arap milsuM gnatnet

ayniridreb aragen nay natsikaP 6091 nuhat irad sukofret g - adap gnay 7491

s aynrihka hacepret nad naakedremek adap iapma utiay aragen aud idajnem

.aidnI nad natsikaP

42 ,namharrudbA gnuduD malsI harajeS naitileneP igolodoteM :atrakaygoY(

.08 .mlh ,)1102 ,kabmO

11

sisilanagnem kutnU nakulrepid ,naitilenep nahalasamrep utaus

aynasaib harajes nilpisid malad iroeT .nauca iagabes iroet nasadnal

p ameks “ uata ”isnerefer akgnarek” nakamanid naitregnep malaD .”narikime

nawarajes udnamem gnay hadiak akgnarek utaus halada iroet saul hibel

nahab nusuynem malad ,aynnaitilenep malad - aynhelorepid gnay )atad( nahab

.aynnaumenep lisah isaulavegnem aguj nad ,rebmus sisilana irad 52

ini naitilenep malaD nep itile .frodnerhaD laisos iroet nakanuggnem

nerhaD turuneM nahaburep sesorp malad adareb asaitnanes takaraysam ,frod

rusnu aratnaid surenem suret gnay nagnatnetrep helo iadnatid gnay - .aynrusnu

et nagnabmus nakirebmem nemele paites uti nialeS r etnisid padah laisos isarg .

p ini ioreT takaraysam malad tapadret gnay narutaretek awhab ialinem nu

naaskamep uata nanaket aynada anerak nakbabesid halaynah sata irad

.asaukreb gnay nagnolog 62

irad iridret takaraysam awhab frodnerhaD nemugra irad lasareb inI

tinu halmujes y y isaisosa nagned tubes ai gna an .hatnirep nakrasadreb atatid g

helo nakiladnekid gnay gnaro isaisosa iagabes tahilid tapad ini aumeS

tapad udividni ,isaisosa kaynab isireb takaraysaM .satiroto isisop ikrareih

isaisosa utas adap satiroto gnagemem eb nad adap tanidrobus isisop adap adar

.nial isaisosa 72

52 dibI 82 .mlh ,. - .92 62 reztiR egroeG , adnaG amgidarapreB nauhategneP umlI igoloisoS jret , .

serP ilawajaR :atrakaJ( nadnamilA 03 .mlh ,)2991 , - .13 72 namdooG .J salguoD nad reztiR egroeG . , iroeT igoloisoS iroeT iraD ;igoloisoS

nredomtsoP laisoS iroeT rihatkuM nagnabmekreP iapmaS kisalK , t jre . :atrakaygoY( idahruN .382 .mlh ,)3102 ,anacaW araiT

21

kopmolek aud aynah ;simotokid tafisreb isaisosa paites malad satirotO

gnagemem gnay akereM .nupanam isaisosa malad idajret tapad kilfnok

ikilimem tanidrobus isisop adap adareb gnay akerem nad satiroto nagnitnepek

.”nanawalreb aynhara nad isnatsbus“ gnay – gnay kopmolek nagnitnepek

.amasreb nagnitnepek helo nakutnetid hawab id nad kacnup id adareb 82

flodnerhaD plaR helo nakpakgnuid gnay iroeT naamasek ikilimem

ep asam adap aidnI id idajret gnay apa nagned gnalejneM .sirggnI nahatnirem

kilfnok helo itupilid naakedremek - .lanretske nupuam lanretni kiab kilfnok

iatraP ayniridreb haletes utiay kilfnok aynlucnum irad lawa uti nialeS

gnay aidnI id sergnoK .udniH tamu helo isanimodid

itilenep ,ini naitilenep malaD nakanuggnem emsilanoisan pesnoK

tapad asilanagnem kutnu nakanugid adap gnay aidnI id nakitiloprep isidnok

nahajajnep irad naakedremek iapacnem kutnu gnaujreb gnades uti utkaw

.sirggnI gnay kitilop nakareg nakapurem ayntakikah adap emsilanoisaN

nakkairenem araces aynbisan nakutnenem kutnu asgnab paites kah

.nednepedni 92 aparebeb lucnum malsI tamu nagnalak id ,fitamron araceS

kadit ipaT .emsilanoisan nad malsI aratna nakgnatnetrepmem gnay rikimep

naigabeS .aynaudek aratna nakgnatnetrepmem malsI rikimep aumes urtsuj

.nagnatnetreb kadit araces ayngnadnamem 03

atic nagned tiakret gnay macam tapme ada ,ztreH turuneM - atic

:utiay ,emsilanoisan

82 dibI 382 .mlh ,. - .482 92 ,inotnsirvoN nad iwarsiM iriahuZ malsI imahameM ;fisergorP malsI nirtkoD

tamhaR narajA iagabeS .271 .mlh ,)4002 ,PISL :atrakaJ( 03 dibI .471 .mlh ,.

31

.1 p nautasrep itupilem gnay lanoisan nautasrep nakdujuwem kutnu nagnaujre

ubek ,naamagaek ,laisos ,imonoke ,kitilop gnadib malad nad naayad

.satiradilos aynada atres nautukesrep

.2 p itupilem gnay lanoisan nasabebek nakdujuwem kutnu nagnaujre

nad raul ainud nagnat rupmac uata gnisa asaugnep irad nasabebek

nataukek irad nasabebek - uata lanoisan kadit tafisreb gnay nretni nataukek

neh gnay .aragen nad asgnab nakgnipmaynem kad

.3 p ( nairidnesek nakdujuwem kutnu nagnaujre ssenetarapes naadebmep ,)

)ssenevitcnitsid( ( nailsaek nad ,satilaudividnI , )ytilanigiro .naawemitsiek

.4 rep nakdujuwem kutnu nagnaujrep id naadeb asgnab aratna - gnay asgnab

helorepmem k ,natamrohek isgneg ,naawabiwe , huragnep nad . 13

emsilanoisan pesnoK tubesret kitilop isidnok irusulenem kutnu iakapid

aidnI id idajret gnay . kitilop isidnoK kilfnok nagned itupilid gnay aidnI id

milsuM nad udniH nagnolog aratna gnay ztreH narikimep nagned iauses

atic nagned tiakret gnay lah macam tapme ada nakatagnem - .emsilanoisan atic

asam akitek utiay ,ztreH narikimep nagned iauses gany aidnI isidnok hotnoC

milsuM tamU .aidnI id sirggnI nahajajnep naadebrep ikilimem udniH nad

iapacnem malad narikimep naakedremek . iulalem gnaujreb udniH tamU iatraP

nagnabmekrep imalagnem aynnagnaujrep malaD .aidnI lanoisaN sergnoK

sergnoK iatraP aggnihes gnurednec .udniH naajarek ilabmek nakpudihgnem

aP iagabes iukaid kadit nupmilsuM agiL iatraP iatr .udniH tamu helo aidnI id

H aidnI id malsI emsilanoisan aynhubmut ilawagnem gnay tubesret la .

13 ,aseoM nahcsaM ilA amagA sisabreB laisoS iskurtsnoK iaiK emsilanoisaN

43 .mlh ,)7002 ,SikL :atrakaygoY( - .53

41

agiL iatraP ,aidnI id malsI nad udniH tamu aynhacep irad lawareB

malsI tamu awhab nikay nikames idajnem milsuM tapad kadit pudih

dniH tamu nagned nagnipmadreb .u naraggna habugnem milsuM agiL iatraP

.udniH irad hasipret gnay aragen nakiridnem kutnu gnaujreb utiay aynrasad

numaN u raseb naigabes milsuM agiL margorp nagned ujutes kadit aidnI amal

aynrihka adaP .natsikaP nagned tubesid gnay aragen nakiridnem kutnu

t lidajre .natsikaP malsI aragen gnatnet narikimep nakalogrep ha

.F naitileneP edoteM

edoteM .harajes edotem tubesid aguj mizal harajes naitilenep edoteM

.sinket kujnutep uata naanaskalep kujnutep uata nalaj ,arac itrareb iridnes 23

rebmus naktapadnem kutnU - gnay rebmus nagned natiakreb id emsilanoisan

nad aidnI ebret aynkutn arageN natsikaP iulalem atad naklupmugnem itilenep ,

( akatsup naitilenep hcraeser yrarbil ).

nakanuggnem akam ,harajes naitilenep nakapurem ini naitileneP

edotem edotem iankamem )23;91 ;81 :2891( klahcsttoG siuoL .harajeS

itirk araces sisilanagnem nad ijugnem sesorp iagabes harajes ,namaker s

nemukod - ,nemukod aggninep uata kitneto gnay uapmal asam nal tapad

ayacrepid gnay isaterpretni taubmem atres , af sata sisetnis atk - tubesret atkaf

23 ,namharrudbA ,igolodoteM .301 .mlh

51

.ayacrepid tapad gnay harajes hasik idajnem 33 harajes edoteM turunem

oyojiwotnuK utiay :irad iridret

.1 kitsirueH )ataD nalupmugneP(

agned akatsup naitilenep nakapurem ini naitileneP nakanuggnem n

rebmus - tret rebmus pes silu ukub itre - ukub , e ,idepolkisn es nad ispirk

tenretni natiakreb gnay nagned ayniridreb nad aidnI id emsilanoisan

natsikaP aragen .

halada ini naitilenep sinej anerak ,atad nalupmugnep sesorp malaD

id aynatad iracnem kaynab hibel silunep akam akatsup naijak

naakatsuprep - prep .atrakaygoY hayaliw ratikes naakatsu eP naakatsupr

F naakatsuprep :aynaratnaid tubesret I nad badA satluka NIU ayaduB uml

P ,agajilaK nanuS NIU tasuP naakatsupreP ,agajilaK nanuS re naakatsup

MGU , ,YNU naakatsupreP nad P .suitangI naakatsupre

kadit siluneP aguj numan ,naakatsuprep id ukub iracnem aynah

okot id iracnem - ratikes ukub okot okoT .atrakaygoY - silunep gnay okot

nagned natiakreb gnay ukub iracnem kutnu ignujnuk id emsilanoisan

natsikaP aragen ayniridreb nad aidnI ,ycnegA laicoS :aynaratna id

idemarG .saM agoT nad ,a

nakkopmolegnem silunep naidumek aynatad lupmukret haleteS

helorepid gnay atad m irad isamrofni naamasek nagned iauses gnisa -

.tubesret rebmus gnisam hotnoc utas halaS s nakanugid gnay rebmu

gnay ukub irad naktapad silunep anamiagabes ini naitilenep malad

33 ,namilaD .A harajeS naitileneP edoteM .82 .mlh ,)2102 ,kabmO :atrakaygoY(

61

kitilop ,laisos nagnabmekrep kacalem ,nataleS aisA id malsI ludujreb

natsikaP ,aidnI id malsI , gnidA nad rihohT dijA helo hsedalgnaB nad

.anaidsuK

aiaru taumem aynaumes kadit tubesret ayraK natiakreb gnay n

nagned gnatnet narikimep satilaer lanoisan aidnI id emsi ayniridreb nad

natsikaP aragen . D rebmus irad helorepid ini naitilenep malad ata

helo kacalid tapad gnay remirp rebmus nasatabretek anerak rednukes

ilenep keybo aynnhuaj atres itilenep nupuam tapmet iges irad kiab nait

.utkaw

.2 isakifireV )rebmuS kitirK(

gnay atad padahret kitirk nakukalem itilenep ,ini pahat adaP

isakifirev sesorp malaD .nretske nupuam nretni kitirk kiab ,lupmukret

repid raseb naigabes nakanugrep itilenep gnay atad ,atad irad helo

ayrak atres naitilenep lisah iagabreb - anerak helo ,uluhadret itilenep ayrak

araces rebmus isitirkgnem silunep uti nad nretske naupmut iagabes nretni

.aynmulebes edotem adap nakkopmolekid hadus gnay atad padahret

tnU nakukalid nahasbaek ijugnem ku k arac nagned nretske kitir

uajninem rebmus - nad ,tubesret ukub silunep nakanugid gnay rebmus

ayacrepid tapad gnay silunep hilimem nahihasek ijugnem kutnu nupadA .

arac nagned nretni kitirk nakukalid rebmus nad nasilut utaus isi haalenem

mus nakisarapmognem reb - gnay anam iracid kutnu ada gnay rebmus

id aggnihes naranebek itakednem lebiderk gnay rebmus helorep tapad nad

.nakbawaj gnuggnatrepid

71

.3 isaterpretnI )narisfaneP(

ilana nagned nakukalid tubesret narisfaneP awitsirep padahret sis

gnay pmutreb nad itiletid atakednep adap u .kitilop utiay nakanugid gnay n

pesnok nakanuggnem nagned ,uti haleteS - ,kitilop umli malad pesnok

helorepid gnay atkaf halmujes sata sisetsnis nakukalid rebmus irad -

,harajes rebmus atkaf naidumek - malad ek nususid tubesret atkaf

.ada gnay iroet nakanuggnem nagned ,huruleynem gnay isaterpetni

.4 ifargoirotsiH )harajeS nasiluneP(

utas awitsirep nakgnubuhgnem nagned naitilenep pahat utiaY

iakgnar idajnem aggnihes nial gnay awitsirep nagned itrareb gnay na

narabmag nakirebmem tapad ini ifargoirotsiH .imahapid hadum aggnihes

)naanacnerep esaf( lawa irad kajes naitilenep sesorp ianegnem salej gnay

a nagned iapmas .)nalupmisek nakiranep( aynrihk

.G nasahabmeP akitametsiS

ini naitileneP rad iridret :utiay bab amil i isireb gnay nauluhadnep ,I baB

naanugek nad naujut ,halasam nasumur nad nasatab ,halasam gnakaleb ratal

naitilenep edotem ,iroet nasadnal ,akatsup nauajnit ,naitilenep , akitametsis nad

bab iulaleM .nasahabmep I rabmag nakirebmem tapad ini gnatnet mumu na

nasahabmep igab nakajip rasad iagabes naitilenep isnatsbus nad naiakgnar hurules

.ayntukireb

ianegnem sahabmem ,II baB amu napudihek satilaer milsuM t aidnI id .

P ini bab malad itilene ianegnem sahabmem laisos isidnok - isidnok ,naamagaek

81

noke imo , .sirggnI nahajajnep asam adap aidnI id kitilop isidnok nad malaD

et nakiarugnem malad silunep utnabmem tapad ini nasahabmep ratal gnatn

emsilanoisan gnatnet milsuM tamu narikimep aynlucnum gnakaleb aggnihes

lucnum arageN nakutnebmep edi .natsikaP

sahabmem ,III baB nopser ianegnem milsuM hokot arap edi gnatnet

natsikaP arageN nakutnebmep ianegnem sahabid ini bab malaD . malsI hokot arap

natsikaP arageN nakutnebmep edi gnatnenem nad amirenem gnay . aynnasala apA

d gnay apa nad gnatnenem gnay hokot arap akerem nakukali gnatnenem kutnu

.milsuM agiL margorp ab idajnem ini baB iuhategnem kutnu kokop nasah

anamiagab arikimep emsilanoisan gnatnet milsuM tamu nagnalak id kitilop n

lucnum aggnihes aragen nakutnebmep edi .natsikaP

baB VI arageN aynrihal sahabmem , alem utiay ,natsikaP l sesorp iu

mu nahilimep mu tnu naujutreb ini baB . raseb aparebes iuhategnem ku ulimep

nad aidnI adapek sirggnI helo nakirebid gnay naakedremek nakutnenem tapad

.natsikaP

ini bab malaD .naras nad nalupmisek isireb gnay putunep bab ,V baB

lah aratnemeS .itiletid halet gnay halasam kokop irad nabawaj libmaid tapad - lah

jid muleb gnay nial id ini naitilenep malad naksale igab naras iagabes nakgnaut

.ayntujnales naitilenep

98

98

V BAB

PUTUNEP

.A nalupmiseK

.1 igab emsilanoisan tagnames naktikgnabmem tapad aidnI id kitilip isidnoK

anerak aidnI milsuM tamu naakedremek gnalejnem sirggnI irad idajret

kitilop nagnagetek aratna lanumok kilfnok aynlucnum nagned iadnatid gnay

udniH tamu milsuM nad . anerak idajret uti kilfnoK d id udniH isanimo

sergnoK iatraP malad ,5881 nuhat adap nakiridid gnay naujut taubmem

tugnem gnurednec aynkitilop nagnitnepek nakama - nagnitnepek igabes na

aseb id udniH tamu r .nial nagnolog gnidnab

tubesret lah irad lawareB milsuM agiL , ,6091 nuhat nakiridid gnay

kutnu naujutreb ebmem nagnitnepek al - milsuM tamu kitilop nagnitnepek

irad aidnI .sergnoK iatraP malad udniH kitilop isanimod malaD

aynnagnaujrep , milsuM agiL iatraP nakiridnem kutnu naujut ikilimem

aidnI irad hasipret gnay aragen arageN nakamanid tubesret arageN .

.natsikaP

.2 y ,natsikaP arageN nakutnebmep edi irad nopseR amirenem gnay ada utia

nad .kalonem gnay ada tamhaR irduahC ,hanniJ ,labqI F nad ,qaH lulza

ada numaN .natsikaP arageN edI nakdujuwem kutnu lidna iaynupmem

id natsikaP arageN nakutnebmep nagned ujutes kadit gnay milsuM hokoT

,dazA malaK lubA ,inadaM damhA niasuH analuaM ;aynaratna la lubA -

.iduduaM al’A :aynaratna id milsum hokot arap nakalonep irad nasalA

.a t akij ujutes kadi hokot helo nipmipid itnan uti malsI lanoisan aragen -

naker nad hanniJ ilA dammahuM itrepes milsuM agiL hokot - ,aynnaker

09

gnaro halada iduduaM turunem gnay - hadus gnay siralukes gnaro

ret nanipmip nakirebmem upmam naka kadit gnay taraB huragnep

.imalsI

.b ,inadaM damhA niasuH analuaM aguj agiL margorp sarek gnatnenem

malad rotalobalok iagabes agiL gnadnamem ai anerak milsuM

nahanem nad aidnI asgnab haleb hacemem kutnu sirggnI naanacnerep

remek .aidnI naaked

.c hibel anerak malsI iatrap iagabes tubesid tapad kadit milsuM agiL

malsI adap irad relukes nakiricreb .

.3 sirggnI irad naakedremek helorepmem aidnI p M 7491 nuhat ada ,

nakrasadreb aidnI n tcA ecnednepednI gnadnU .7491 - tubesret gnadnu

malad nasadnal nakidajid nahilareP .aragen aud idajnem aidnI naigabmep

lanoisutitsnok sesorp hupmenem nad iamad nagned gnusgnalreb naasaukek .

haleteS nakhasegnem sirggnI nemelrap 5391 fo tcA aidnI fo tnemrevoG eht ,

alreb gnay 7391 nuhat irad uk iagabes mumu nahilimep nakadaid akam ,

.sirggnI irad naakedremek helorepmem kutnu sesorp N numa naakedremek ,

aidnI gnipmas id anerak inori nakasiynem irad naakedremek helorepmem

aragen aud idajnem igabret aidnI ,sirggnI aidnI utiay nad kaP .natsi

19

.B naraS

.1 krasadreB lisah na naitilenep gnatnet ayniridreB nad aidnI id emsilanoisaN

natsikaP arageN p , silune maladnem hibel naijak aynada nakparahgnem

itilenep helo nakukalid gnay aidnI id malsI tiakret - ayntukireb itilenep laH .

nagned itupilid gnay natsikaP arageN ayniridreb nagned natiakreb ini

.milsuM tamu aratna id kilfnok

.2 taig hibel nakparahid ,ayntujnales itilenep araP malad acabmem ,iracnem

isamrofni naktapadnem raga nakanugid gnay isnerefer nakgnidnabmem nad

el gnay dilav hib tapad agomes ini nasiluneP .ada hadus gnay naitilenep irad

ayntujnales naitilenep igab isnerefer nakidajid nima .

29

AKATSUP RATFAD

kifuaT ,halludbA . malsI ainuD sitameT idepolkisnE naV uraB raitcI :atrakaJ ..2002 ,eveoH

.gnuduD ,namharudbA malsI harajeS naitileneP igolodoteM :atrakaygoY ..1102 ,kabmO

lamA nandA , .kifuaT satinredoM nagnatnaT nad malsI satA idutS : narikimePnamhaR rulzaF mukuh .4991 ,naziM ;gnudnaB .

,damhA .limaJ akumekreT milsuM sutareS .4991 ,suadriF akatsuP :atrakaJ .

,damhA .nidibA laniaZ iapmaS tamU nad malsI harajeS ;V malsI kitiloP umlI)namaZ ek namaZ iraD nagnabmekreP( gnarakeS trakaJ . ,gnatniB naluB :a

.7791

rawnA ,irdaQ damhA . harajeS malad nalidaeK ketkarP nad iroeT tertoP haubeSmilsuM nahatniremeP . goY .7891 ,M2PLP :atrakay

.S rabkA ,demhA igoloisos nad harajeS nauajniTmilsuM artiC ,aggnalrE :atrakaJ .

.2991

na demhA - .ihalludbA ,mi’aN asaM nakisaisogeneM relukeS arageN nad malsIha’irayS napeD .7002 ,naziM :gnudnaB .

.K ,ilA nredomarP hkiraT : malsI harajeS . T jre . ida’saM .A norfuhG :atrakaJ . .7991 ,adasreP odnifarG ajaR

.itkuM ,ilA oM malsI narikiP malA natsikaP nad aidnI id nred ,naziM :gnudnaB ..3991

lA - ,yriasU .damhA XX dabA aggniH madA ibaN namaZ kajeS ,malsI harajeS .

.jreT namhaR nosmaS . .9002 ,aideM rabkA :atrakaJ

7571 nuhat malsI tamU nopseR nad aidnI id sirggnI“ ,itnasuS atieM ,sanrA -”7581 .5002 ,ayaduB umlI nad badA satlukaF ispirkeS :atrakaygoY .

39

.ylmiJ ,eiqiddihssA imonokE isutitsnoK ,aratnasuN aideM sapmoK TP :atrakaJ . .0102

,arzA .idramuyzA emsinredoM ,emsilatnemadnuF irad malsI kitiloP nakalogreP

tsoP aggnih - emsinredoM . :atrakaJ .6991 ,anidamaraP

.irsaB )kitkarP nad iroeT ,natakedneP( harajeS naitileneP igolodoteM :atrakaJ . .6002 ,gnugA utseR

tdnreB negaH . isidarT iagabreB irad pudiH naiskaseK kadnitreB gnay amagA . T ayatramaydiW .A .jre . SUISINAK :atrakaygoY 2 ,IPAKI atoggnA 600 .

,otorB aidnI auneB kanA iD milsuM lautkeletnI natikgnabeK“ .oyteS kifuaT7581 sirggnI emsilairepmI asaM - harajeS nasuruJ :atrakaygoY( ”M 7491

,)0102 ,malsI naayadubeK nad

.gnabmaB ,otpiC kitiloP iatraP nagnatnaT nad kepsorP . akatsuP :atrakaygoY .6991 ,PAKI atoggnA ,rajaleP

,halluteyanE .rawnA hanniJ ilA mazA i diauQ hasiK T . amskaL .jre namsU .H.namhaR .6791 ,gnatniB naluB :atrakaJ

ilA rahgsA ,reenignE . iniK asaM malsI T . .mikaH namhaR firA .jre :atrakaygoYrajaleP akatsuP .4002 ,

.L nhoJ ,otisopsE drofxO idepolkisnE nredoM malsI ainuD: T . .kkD .N .Y avE jre.).de( . 2002 ,naziM :gnudnaB

acnA satilaeR uata sotiM malsI nam . T nad hayiwlA ,namharrudbA .jre .issiM naziM :gnudnaB .6991 ,

nahabureP nad malsI gnabmekreB gnadeS arageN id kitiloP laisoS . T .hadraW ,zdifaH .jre .5891 ,M2PLP natibreneP gnadiB :atrakaygoY

malsI gnadahgneM taraB hakgnaL , irmA nad ayidraM aniD .jret .inairhkaF .4002 ,aledneJ :atrakaygoY

,sesorP ,kataW ;malsI nanugnabeK akimaniD aT nad nagnatn . T .jre .rageriS irkaB .7891 ,sreP ilawajaR .VC :atrakaJ

,lidaF harajeS nasatniL malad malsI nabadareP turuS gnasaP sserP gnalaM niU ..8002 ,ipakI atoggna :

49

,idanuG .ihleohS M ,AR loN akgnA aggnih melasureJ kulkaneP iraD . :atrakaJ.2002 ,akilbupeR

.akmaH malsI tammU harajeS .III diliJ , .5791 ,gnatniB naluB :atrakaJ

.nassaH miharbI ,nassaH malsI naayadubeK nad harajeS atoK :atrakaygoY . .9891 ,gnabmeK

.zaiR ,nassaH emsilatnemadnuF iapmas emsitavresnoK irad malsI VC :atrakaJ .

R .5891 ,ilawaja

.divaJ ,labq1 malsI narikiP malA ilabmeK nanugnabmeP T . .jre ybilaR namsO . .6691 ,gnatniB naluB :atrakaJ

.dammahuM ,labqI ipakgneliD : malsI malaD amagA narikimeP iskurtnokeRisiuP nagned - iduhK 1 rarsA isiuP 2002 ,artusalaJ :atrakaygoY . .

.damhkA ,P siggneJ malsI natikgnabeK .1102 ,gnihsilbuP .PFN :atrakaygoY .

.ludbA .M ,miraK malsI nabadareP nad narikimeP harajeS akatsuP :atrakaygoY . .2102 ,resilbuP kooB

aidnI id malsI harajeS . .3002 ,noitcudorP seifarG agnuB :atrakaygoY

.ilA .M ,inatteK inI asaweD ainuD iD milsuM satironiM . T .iteojeoS iwokraZ .jre 5002 ,adasreP odnifarG ajaR TP :atrakaJ .

.hayiriohK malsI naurabmeP namahameP sapugneM ;nredoM akigoL nad malsI .rA :atrakaygoY - 8002 ,aideM zzuR .

snaH ,nhoK . :emsilanoisaN aynharajeS nad itrA . T .jre orupidotraM irtnamuS . .1691 ,nanugnabmeP :atrakaJ

59

arI .M ,sudipaL . malsI tammU laisoS harajeS . T jre . .ida’saM .A norfuhG :atrakaJ .9991 ,adasreP odnifarGajaR

.kkd .A namaM ,kilaM malsI naayadubeK harajeS kimedakA ajkoP :atrakaygoY . .5002 ,agajilaK nanuS NIU

.).de( .kkd itiS ,mayraM aggniH kisalK asaM irad malsI nabadareP harajeSnredoM .9002 ,ifseL :atrakaygoY .

,ilA ,aseoM nahcsaM amagA sisabreB laisoS iskurtsnoK iaiK emsilanoisaN .,SikL :atrakaygoY .7002

,iduduaM .al’A lubA malsI kitiloP metsiS isutitsnoK nad mukuH . :gnudnaB0991 ,naziM .

,inotnairvoN nad iriahuZ ,iwarsiM malsI imahameM :fisergorP malsI nirtkoDtamhaR narajA iagabeS .4002 ,PISL :atrakaJ .

.yrreH ,dammahoM hokoT - malsI hokot 02 dabA huragnepreB gnay :atrakaJ ..6002 ,inasnI ameG

.drawdE ,remitroM naasaukeK nad malsI . T itutsA inamhaR nad idaH annE .jre .4891 ,IPAKI atoggnA naziM :gnudnaB

.B ,idisuM aynkutnebreT iapmas harajesarP irad :sakgniR harajeS :aidnIhsedalgnaB .2102 ,amrahD atanaS satisrevinU :atrakaygoY .

.nuraH ,noitusaN nakareG nad narikimeP harajeS malsI malaD naurahabmeP ..3002 ,gnatniB naluB :atrakaJ

I dilij ,aynkepsA iagabreB irad uajnitiD malsI satisrevinU :atrakaJ .

IU( aisenodnI - .5891 ,)sserP N .hoM ,mikahru nagnalimegeK harajeS pakgniyneM ;nudamaT haubeS aynhutaJ

malsI hafilahK muirepmI narucnaheK nad amagA nairtnemeK :atrakaJ .

69

tarotkiD ,malsI nakididneP laredneJ tarotkeriD ,aisenodnI kilbupeR .2102 ,malsI iggniT nakididneP

ituT ,niwrE hairuN . harajeS malaD nataleS aisA imonokE satlukaF :atrakaJ . .0991 ,aisenodnI satisrevinU

dammahuM ,ruN . nredoM malsI nabadareP malaD arageN pesnoK natalugreP . akuS :atrakaygoY - .1102 ,agajilaK nanuS NIU sserP

.niduhatfiM nad izuaF ,namhaR ayapU lA - namahameP nakinrumeM iduduaMmalsI .3991 ,sserP ihalI naitiT :atrakaygoY .

.ilA ,amenhaR malsI uraB namaZ sitnireP araP .5991 ,naziM :gnudnaB .

,diysaR .ayaroS malsI harajeS nredoM dabA .3102 ,kabmO :atrakaygoY .

,reztiR .egroeG umlI igoloisoS adnaG amgidarapreB nauhategneP .jret ,.2991 ,serP ilawajaR :atrakaJ .nadnamilA

namdooG .J salguoD nad egroeG ,reztiR . , iroeT igoloisoS iroeT iraD ;igoloisoSnredomtsoP laisoS iroeT rihatkuM nagnabmekreP iapmaS kisalK , t jre .

caW araiT :atrakaygoY .idahruN .3102 ,ana

,inaS .ludbA malsI malaD nredoM nagnabmekreP narikimeP harajeS nasatniL . .8991 ,adasreP odnifarGajaR TP:atrakaJ

W.J ,lroohcS . arageN nanugnabmeP igoloisoS ratnagneP ;isasinredoM - aragengnabmekreB gnadeS .ojrahaR .S jret , .2891 ,aidemarG .TP :atrakaJ .III tec

,ilazdajS .riwanuM narikimeP nad harajeS ,narajA ;arageN ataT nad malsI IU( aisenodnI satisrevinU :atrakaJ. - .3991 ,)sserP

.niduniaZ ,radraS malsI napeD asaM , .itutsA inamhaR .jret akatsuP :gnudnaB .7891 ,igolonkeT tutitsnI namalaS

79

.zuadriF ,mayS P nad igoloedI ,tafasliF ,harajeS :taraB kitiloP narikime

ek ainuD padahreT aynhuragneP -3 .7002 ,araskA imuB :atrakaJ .

.drahciR ,sdnomyS natsikaP naanibmeP T . .hautaB .R i’ifajS .jre aJ ialaB :atrak .1591 ,akatsuP

.gnidA ,anaidsuK nad dijA ,rihohT nagnabmekreP kacaleM ,nataleS aisA id malsIhsedalgnaB nad natsikaP ,aidnI id malsI ,kitiloP ,laisoS :gnudnaB .

.6002 ,aroinamuH

kkd ,nedA ,ZS nadjiW malsI nabadareP nad narikimeP . kaygoY . airifaS :atra .7002 ,sserP inasnI

.irdaB ,mitaY II hayimalsI hasariD ;malsI nbadareP harajeS :atrakaJ ..0102 ,adasreP odnifarGajaR

//ptth I naidn milsum 63/.../moc.topsgolb.sdnegel - deys - niasuh - damha - lmth.inadam

lmth.inadaM_damhA_niasuH/tuoba/skoob/moc.elgoog.skoob//:ptth

89

NARIPMAL RATFAD

.1 oT rabmaG hok milsuM agiL

10 rabmaG

labqI dammahuM

20 rabmaG

hanniJ ilA dammahuM

99

.2 gnay hokoT rabmaG milsuM agiL nagned ujuteS kadiT

10 rabmaG

analuaM inadaM damhA niasuH

20 rabmaG

dazA malaK lubA analuaM

001

30 rabmaG

la lubA - al’A iduduaM

101

.3 aidnI id sergnoK iatraP aredneB nad gnabmaL rabmaG

10 rabmaG

iatraP gnabmaL aidnI sergnoK

20 rabmaG

asaM adaP sergnoK imseR aredneB nagnaujreP naakedremeK

201

.4 milsuM agiL iatraP aredneB nad gnabmaL rabmaG aidnI id

10 rabmaG

gnabmaL milsuM agiL iatraP

20 rabmaG

milsuM agiL iatraP aredneB

201

.4 milsuM agiL iatraP aredneB nad gnabmaL rabmaG aidnI id

10 rabmaG

gnabmaL milsuM agiL iatraP

20 rabmaG

milsuM agiL iatraP aredneB

201

.4 milsuM agiL iatraP aredneB nad gnabmaL rabmaG aidnI id

10 rabmaG

gnabmaL milsuM agiL iatraP

20 rabmaG

milsuM agiL iatraP aredneB

301

.5 ateP

10 rabmaG

aidnI ateP

401

20 rabmaG

natsikaP ateP

501

tiV mulucirruC ae

.A iriD satitnedI

amaN hahcilsuM nutafinA :

rihaL .lgt/tapmeT 2991 rebmevoN 1 :

hayA amaN onoyruP :

ubI amaN itayuS :

halokeS lasA lA AM : - hagneT awaJ ,gnuggnameT ,udeK aduH

kodnoP tamalA namelS ,kopeD ,ojrahowugaM ,ogebmeS :

hamuR tamalA gnuggnameT ,irasnaB ,irasojoM ,naegawK :

E- liam : moc.oohay@nutaf.fina

pH .oN 768292346580 :

.B nakididneP tayawiR

.1 lamroF nakididneP

.a KT T : irasojoM ,KKP K 9991 sulul nuhat

.b IM/DS irasojoM IM : 0002 sulul nuhat

.c STM/PMS STM : nakaraP N sulul nuhat 7002

.d AM/AMS lA AM : - aduH 0102 sulul nuhat

.2 noN nakididneP - lamroF

.a noP - d ,aduH lutolduoR sep 7002 gnuggnameT ,udeK ,nakoreK i -

0102

.b noP - ,namelS ,kopeD ,ojrahowugaM id ,orogenopiD naregnaP sep

0102 YID - 4102

.C isasinagrO namalagneP : atoggnA affassA (A fo noitaicoss S pihsralohc

S fo s’tnedut M fo yrtsini N lanoita E noitacud A riaff ) agajilaK nanuS NIU

atrakaygoY .

,atrakaygoY 02 4101 ieM

gnaret amaN

hahcilsuM nutafinA

HALAMAN JUDULPERNYATAAN KEASLIANNOTA DINASHALAMAN PENGESAHANMOTTOPERSEMBAHANABSTRAKPEDOMAN TRANSLITERASIKATA PENGANTARDAFTAR ISIDAFTAR LAMPIRANBAB I PENDAHULUANA. Latar Belakang MasalahB. Batasan dan Rumusan MasalahC. Tujuan dan Kegunaan PenelitianD. Tinjauan PustakaE. Landasan TeoriF. Metode PenelitianG. Sistematika Pembahasan

BAB II REALITAS KEHIDUPAN DI INDIA SEBELUM MERDEKAA. Kondisi EkonomiB. Kondisi Politik1 Munculnya Nasionalisme di Indiaa. Partai Kongresb. Partai Liga Muslim

BAB III RESPON UMAT ISLAM TERHADAP GAGASAN PEMBENTUKKAN NEGARA PAKISTANA. Para Tokoh yang Mendukung Gagasan Pembentukkan Negara Pakistan 1. Muhammad Iqbal2. Muhammad Ali Jinnah

B. Para Tokoh yang Menentang Gagasan Pembentukkan Negara Pakistan1. Maulana Husain Ahman Madani2. Maulana Abul Kalam Azad3. Abu Al-A'la Maududi

C. Organisasi yang didirikan oleh Tokoh Muslim yang Menentang Ide Pembentukkan Negara Pakistan1. Jamiyat-e-Ulama-e-Hindi2. Jama'at-e-Islami

BAB IV PROSES PEMISAHAN INDIA-PAKISTANA. Pemilihan UmumB. Kemerdekaan Pakistan-India

BAB V PENUTUPA. KesimpulanB. Saran

DAFTAR PUSTAKALAMPIRAN-LAMPIRANCURRICULUM VITAE