p1 Mekanika Batuan Pendahuluan

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Mekanika Batuan(Pendahuluan)

Oleh :Irvani

Universitas Bangka Belitung Jurusan Teknik Pertambangan

SKS, Penilaian & Kehadiran :

Banyaknya SKS = 2 SKS (Teori) & 1 SKS (Praktikum)

Penilaian :- Absensi 10%- Tugas 20%- Teori (UTS & UAS) 70%

Kehadiran min. 80% dari 14x perkualiahan

Kuliah lapangan (Situasional)


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Referensi : Goodman, R.E. 1989. Introduction to Rock Mechanics. 2nd Edition. John Wiley &

Sons., Canada. De Vallejo, L.I.G. And Ferrer, M. 2011. Geological Engineering. Taylor & Francis

Group, London, UK. Hudson, J.A. and Harrison, J.P. 1997. Engineering Rock Mechanics : An Introduction

to The Principles. Elsevier Science Ltd., Oxford. Hudson, J.A. and Harrison, J.P. 2000. Engineering Rock Mechanics : Illustrative

Worked Examples. Elsevier Science Ltd., Oxford. Hoek, E. 2007. Practical Rock Engineering. Notes, Evert Hoek Consulting Engineer

Inc., Canada. http://www.rockscience.com. Giani, G.P. 1992. Rock Slope Stability Analysis. A.A. Balkema Publishers, Rotterdam,

Netherlands. Bieniawski, Z.T. 1989. Engineering Rock Mass Classification. Mining and Mineral

Resources Research Institute. Pennsylvania State University. Bell, F.G. 2007. Engineering Geology. 2nd Edition. Elsevier Ltd., Burlington, USA. Singh, B. and Goel, R.K., and Hudson, J.A. 2006. Tunneling in weak rocks. Imperial

College of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of London, UK. Singh, B., Goel, R.K. 2011. Engineering Rock Mass Classification: Tunneling,

Foundation, and Landslides. Butterworth-Heinemann, Elsevier Inc., USA. Wyllie, D.C. 1999. Foundations on Rock. 2nd Edition, E & FN Spon, London. Wyllie, D.C. and Mah, C.W. 2004. Rock Slope Engineering. Civil and Mining

Engineering, 4th Edition, Spon Press, New York. Bates, R.L. and Jackson, J.A., 1987. Glossary Geology. 3th Edition. American

Geological Institute Elexandria, Virginia. DLL.


Pokok Bahasan :I Pendahuluan (P.1)

II Klasifikasi & Sifat Indeks Batuan (P.2-4)a. Batuan & Perilaku Batuanb. Diskontinuitasc. Sifat Indeks & Mekanik Batuan

III Stress & Strain (5)

IV Kekuatan, Deformability & Kriteria Runtuhan Batuan(P.6-7)a. Kekuatan Batuan & Deformabilityb. Kriteria Mohr-Coulomb & Hoek-Brown.

V Klasifikasi Massa Batuan (P.8-10)

VI Aplikasi Mekanika Batuan pada Lereng (P.11-12)

VII Aplikasi Mekanika Batuan pada Terowongan (P.13-14)


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DefinisiMekanika Batuan ??- Rock mechanics deals with the properties of

rock and the special methodology required for design of rock-related components of engineering schemes (Goodman, 1989).

- Rock mechanics includes the study, in theory and practice, of the properties and mechanical behaviour of rock materials in response to the forces acting on them within their physical environment (De Vallejo & Ferrer, 2011).


.... Mekanika Batuan ??- Rock mechanics is the theoretical and applied science of the physical behavior of rocks, representing a branch of mechanics cocerned with the response of rock to the force fields of its physical environment (NAS-NRC, 1966 dalam Bates & Jackson, 1987).


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Ruang Lingkup Mekanika BatuanSasaran mekanika batuan adalah aplikasinya pada

pemecahan persoalan2 geoteknik, antara lain :1 Menyelenggarakan pendidikan2.Mengembangkan cara pengambilan percontoh

batuan3. Mengembangkan peralatan uji batuan yang baik

dan metode standar pengujian4. Mengumpulkan dan mengklasifikasikan informasi

batuan dan sifat fisiknya.5. Dll


Rai (1988)

Aktivitas Manusia pada Batuan (Aplikasi)


Rai (1988)

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During the filling of the Vajont reservoir the toe of the slope on Mount Toc was submerged and this precipitated a slide. The mound of debris from the slide is visiblein the central part of the photograph. The very rapid descent of the slide material displaced the water in the reservoir causing a 100 m high wave to overtop the dam wall.

The remains of the town of Longarone after the flood caused by the overtopping of the Vajont dam as a result of the Mount Toc failure. More than 2000 persons were killed in this flood.

The town of Longarone, located downstream of the Vajontdam, before the Mount Toc failure in October 1963.

Hoek (2007) Practical Rock Engineering


Contoh aplikasi

A wedge failure controlled by intersecting structural features in the rock massforming the bench of an open pit mine.

Hoek (2007) Practical Rock Engineering


Contoh aplikasi

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Skematika massa batuan (Palmstorm, 1995 dengan modifikasi)


Massa Batuan ???

Mito, .......

Massa Batuan ???


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Sifat Massa Batuan 1. Heterogen : Pada Mineralogi, ukuran dan bentuk

partikel, void, dll.2. Diskontinu : crack, joint, fault, fissure.3. Anisotrope :

Catatan : Karena sifat batuan yang heterogen, diskontinu dan isotrope, maka dalampenghitungan matematis disumsikan batuanekivalen memiliki sifat homogen, kontinu danisotrope


Terima Kasih


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Process of Rock Formation Rock Classification : Types of Rock depending upon :

Mechanism of rock formation (cooling process of magma, sedimentation, or metamorphism).

Engineering Properties : Index properties (identity of rock, typical conditions of rock): density, unit

weight, porosity, K, w, Gs Mechanical Properties (response to stress) : stress, strain (deformation)

Failure criteria, mechanism Shear strength measurement (strength = stress at failure) Rock Mass Classification & Rock Discontinuities

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