SULIT 4531/2

SEKTOR SEKOLAH BERASRAMA PENUH BAHAGIAN SEKOLAH

KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIA

PEPERIKSAAN PERTENGAHAN TAHUN 2008

FIZIKKERTAS 2

Dua jam tiga puluh minit

(Anda dinasihatkan untuk memperuntukkan masa 90 minit untuk Bahagian A, 30 minit untuk Bahagian B dan 30 minit untuk Bahagian C)

JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU.

Untuk Kegunaan Pemeriksa

Bahagian Soalan Markah Penuh Markah

A

1 4

2 5

3 6

4 7

5 8

6 8

7 10

8 12

Jumlah Bahagian A 60

B 9 20

10 20

C 11 20

12 20

Jumlah Besar

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1. Kertas soalan ini mengandungi tiga bahagian : Bahagian A, Bahagian B dan Bahagian C

2. Jawab semua soalan dalam Bahagian A, satu soalan daripada Bahagian B dan satu soalan daripada Bahagian C.

3. Jawapan kepada ketiga-tiga bahagian ini hendaklah diserahkan bersama-sama.

4. Jawapan kepada Bahagian A hendaklah ditulis dalam ruang yang disediakan dalam kertas soalan.

5. Jawapan kepada Bahagian B dan Bahagian C hendaklah dituliskan pada ruang jawapan yang disediakan dalam kertas soalan ini. Walau bagaimanapun kertas tulis tambahan sekiranya digunakan, perlulah diikat bersama dengan buku soalan ini. Dalam jawapan anda, persamaan, gambar rajah, jadual, graf dan cara lain yang sesuai untuk menjelaskan jawapan anda boleh digunakan.

6. Rajah tidak dilukis mengikut skala kecuali dinyatakan.7. Markah maksimum yang diperuntukkan ditunjukkan dalam kurungan pada hujung tiap-tiap soalan atau bahagian soalan.8. Penggunaan kalkulator saintifik yang tidak boleh

diprogramkan dibenarkan.

Nama : ……………………………………… Tingkatan : ………………

4531/2FizikKertas 2MEI20082 ½ Jam

Kertas ini mengandungi 21 halaman bercetak

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The following information mat be useful. The symbols have their usual meaning

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1. v2 = u2 + 2as

2. a =

3. s = ut + at2

4. Momentum = mv

5. F = ma

6. Kinetic Energy = ½ mv2

7. Gravitational Potential Energy = mgh

8. Elastic Potential Energy = Fx

9. ρ =

10. Pressure in liquid, P = hg

11. Pressure, P=

12. Heat, Q = mc

13. Heat, Q = mℓ

14. = constant

15. E = mc2

16. v = f

17. Power, P =

18.

19. =

20. n =

21. n = real depth apparent depth

22.

23. Q = I t

24. V = IR

25. Power, P= IV

26. g = 10 ms-2

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SECTION A[60 marks]

Answer all questions in this section

1. Diagram 1 shows the electromagnetic spectrum

Radio Microwave P Visible Ultraviolet X-rayGamma

ray

Diagram 1

a. Base on the diagram 1,.name the type of radiation P.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………..[1 mark]

b. Compare the frequency of Radio wave and Gamma Ray.

………….…………………………………………………………………………………………

[1 mark]

c. Name one electromagnetic wave which has longer wavelength than X-ray.

……………………………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]

d. What is the difference between electromagnetic wave and the sound wave?

………………………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

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2. Diagram 2 shows an object is placed in front of a convex lens on the principal axis. F is the focal point of the lens.

Diagram 2

a. What is meant by focal length?

………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]

b. Using the information in diagram 2,calculate the image distance.

[2 marks]

c. ( i ) Complete the diagram 1 to determine the position of image form. [1 mark]

( ii ) State the characteristic of the image form.

……………………………………………………………………………………………. [1 mark]

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3. Diagram 3.1 shows a horizontal tube AB with both of it ends are closed with rubber stoppers. The tube is also fixed with three vertical tubes X,Y and Z. Water is then poured into the horizontal tube AB.

Diagram 3.1

a. (i) Mark the water level in the vertical tube X,Y and Z. [1 mark]

(ii) State one physical quantity that affected the water level in the above diagram.

………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]

Diagram 3.2

b. A ventury tube AB now is replaced with the ventury tube shown in diagram 3.2. Water flows uniformly from end A to end B of the tube and it is found that the water level of tube P is at Z. (Density of water = 1000 kgm-3)

(i) Compare the water level in the vertical tube P,Q and R. ………………………………………………………………………………………………...... [1 mark]

(ii) Name the principal involve in b(i).

………………………………………………………………………………………………...... [1 mark]

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0.15 m mmm

x

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(iii) By neglecting atmospheric pressure, calculate the pressure caused by the water column at point X.

[2 marks]

4. Diagram 4 shows a lorry with mass 8000 kg moving with a velocity of 30 ms-1. The lorry then hits the bumper of a car with mass 1 500 kg which is moving with 20 ms-1 in the opposite direction. The car is then dragged by the lorry and moves together before they come to a complete stop.

Diagram 4

a. What is meant by velocity?

…………………………………………………………………………………………...... [1 mark]

b. Name the type of collision in the situation above.

…………………………………………………………………………………………….. [1 mark]

c. i. Calculate the final velocity of the lorry after the collision.

[2 marks]

ii . State one assumption that you made to the answer in c(i)

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……………………………………………………………………………………......... [1 mark]

d. Explain why the passenger is thrown forward when an accident occurs.

…………………………………………………………………………………………….. [1 mark]

e. Give one safety feature in the car that can reduce injuries when the car involved in an accident.

…………………………………………………………………………………………. [1 mark]

5. Diagram 5.1 shows a student watching a container filled with water. He looks vertically down at an object placed at the bottom of the container. He notices that the object appears to be nearer to him than it really is.

The water in the container is then replaced with liquid X which is denser than water and the students repeated his experiment.

He estimates the real and apparent depth of the water and liquid X respectively and plots a graph using his experimental results as shown in Diagram 5.2.

Diagram 5.1 Diagram 5.2

a. Based on Diagram 5.2, compare the gradient of the graph.

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Real depth Apparent

depth

Water

Real depth/m

Apparent depth/m

1.2

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2

Liquid X Water

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………………………………………………………………………………………………...... [1 mark]

b. Compare the refractive index of water and liquid X.

………………………………………………………………………………………………..... [1 mark]

c. Relate the density of liquid with the refractive index.

………………………………………………………………………………………………...... [1 mark]

d. Calculate refractive index of the liquid X.

[2 marks]

e. Name the phenomenon involve.

………………………………………………………………………………………………..... [1 mark]

f. What happen to the wavelength of light as it leaves the water?

……………………………………………………………………………………………........ [1 mark]

g. If the student repeated the experiment above using a glass block, instead of water, compare the size of the image seeing from the glass block to that of water in Diagram 5.1

………………………………………………………………………………………………...... [1 mark]

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6.Figure 6.1 shows water waves passing through a gap between two stepping stones across a small stream.

Diagram 6.2 shows water waves passing through a stone.

Diagram 6.1 Diagram 6.2

a) Complete the diagrams to show what happen to these wave after passing through the gap and the barrier.

[2 marks]

b) Name the phenomenon which occurs in Diagram 6.1 and 6.2

………………………………………………………………………………….......................... [1 mark]

c) Using Diagram 6.1 and Diagram 6.2,

(i) compare the wavelength before and after passing through the gap and the barrier.

……………………………………………………………………………………...................

…………………………………………………………………………………...................... [1 mark] (ii) what happen to the energy of the waves after passing through the gap in Diagram 6.1? …………………………………………………………………………….............................. [1 mark]

(iii) explain your answer in c(ii)

……………………………………………………………………………............................ [2 marks]

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stone

stone

2 cm

stone

9

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d) Given the frequency of the wave before passing through the barrier is 3 Hz, determine the velocity of the wave after passing through the barrier.

[1 mark]

7. Diagram 7.1 shows a simple pump handle.

Diagram 7.1

(a) When the handle is pushed forwards, what will happen to

(i). the volume of air in pump?

Increased

Decreased [1 mark]

(ii) air pressure in the pump?

Increased

Decreased [1 mark]

b. State the relationship between volume and air pressure.

…………………………………………………………………………………………….......

……………………………………………………………………………………………....... [1 mark]

c. State one physical quantity should be constant.

……………………………………………………………………………………………...... [1 mark]

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Handle

Nozzle is closed

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d. Name the law that explain the relationship in (b).

……………………………………………………………………………………………...... [1 mark]

e. State 2 modifications should be done to the pump if it is going to pump a bigger tyre.

……………………………………………………………………………………………........

……………………………………………………………………………………………........

……………………………………………………………………………………………........ [2 marks]

Diagram 7.2

f. Diagram 7.2 shows air bubbles being released at the bottom of a water tank. The size of the bubbles increases as they rise to the top.

(i) What is the pressure experienced by the bubble at the bottom of the tank, in unit m water?

[1 mark](ii) If the volume of the bubble released by the tube is 0.5 cm3,

calculate the bubble’s volume when it rises to the surface of the water.(atmosphere pressure = 10 m water)

[2 marks]

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50 cm

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8. Diagram 8 shows a device used to transmit thermal energy.

Diagram 8

The fins absorb energy from the sun and the pipe transmits this energy along its length into a tank of cold water.

Table 8 shows three materials of the fin with their respective properties.

Type of material

Specific heat capacity.

Rate of corrosion

P Black plastic 2300 Low

Q Polished iron 1090 High

R Black painted cooper

500 Low

Table 8

a. What is meant by specific heat capacity?

……………………………………………………………………………………………......... [1 mark] b. Based on table 8, state the suitable properties of the material to absorb and transmit

the thermal energy. Give reason for the suitability of the properties. ( i ) Specific heat capacity. …………………………………………………………………………………………....... [1 mark] Reason. …………………………………………………………………………………………..... [1 mark]

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Fin

Energy from the sun

1 m3 water tank

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(ii) Type of material

…………………………………………………………………………………………...... [1 mark] Reason. …………………………………………………………………………………………....... [1 mark]

(iii) Rate of corrosion.

……………………………………………………………………………………….......... [1 mark] Reason. ………………………………………………………………………………………........... [1 mark]

c. Based on the answer in 8(b), determine the most suitable material in Table 8 to absorb and transmit the thermal energy.

……………………………………………………………………………………………........ [1 mark]

d. Given that the maximum rate of heat energy absorb by the 1 m3 of water is 500 J/s.

( i ) Calculate the energy absorbed by the water in 2 minutes.

[2 marks]

( ii ) Calculate the rise in temperature of the water if the initial temperature is 30oC. (Density of water = 1000 kgm-3, specific heat capacity of the water 4200 Jkg-1oC-1)

[2 marks]

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SECTION B( 20 marks)

Answer any one question from this section.

9. Diagram 9.1 shows a hot air balloon carry up the loads at a certain height in the morning and diagram 9.2 shows the same hot air balloon carry up the loads at a certain height in the afternoon. This hot air balloon used helium gas at the same temperature in both situation.

In the morning In the afternoon

Ground

Diagram 9.1 Diagram 9.2

a. ( i ) What is meant by density? [1 mark]

( ii ) Using diagrams 9.1 and 9.2, compare the density of the air, the load that can be carry up by the hot air balloon and the height of the hot air balloon from the ground.Relate the buoyant force with the density of the air to make a deduction regarding the relationship between the density of the air and the weight of the load carry up by the hot air balloon.

[5 marks]

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Number of load

h h

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b. Why does an iron nail sink in water but a cargo ship with a huge mass floats? [4 marks]

c. Diagram 9.3 shows a ship.

Diagram 9.3

By considering the ship in Diagram 9.3, give some suggestion how you would design a submarine that can submerge in a deep sea. In your explanation, emphasise on the following aspects

( i ) the shape of the submarine.

( ii ) material used for its body.

( iii) additional component to control its buoyant force and to observe the sea surroundings.

( iv) safety features for the crew of the submarine.

[10 marks]

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10. Diagram 10.1 and 10.2 show vibration of different thickness of guitar string.

When microphone is used to detect the sound waves of each guitar string, the traces displayed on the oscilloscopes as shown in the diagrams.

(a) What is meant by frequency?

[1 mark]

(b) (i) Using Diagram 10.1 and 10.2, compare the number of oscillations, amplitude of wave and diameter of Guitar string.

(ii) State the relationship between frequency of sound wave and-diameter of the string-pitch of the sound

[5 marks]

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Diagram 10.1

Diagram 10.2

String

String

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(c) Diagram 10.3 shows a dentist used a mirror to examine a tooth of a patient.

(i) State the type of mirror used by the dentist.

[1 mark]

(ii) Draw the ray diagram to show the characteristic of image seen by the dentist.

[3 marks]

(d) Diagram 10.4 shows a simple Microscope used to observe a small specimen.

As a researcher, you are required to observe a very small object. Describe how you would modify the simple Microscope in Diagram 10.4 to construct a compound Microscope which could be used to observe smaller specimen clearly and efficient. Emphasise only on the material required to construct a microscope.

(i) Type of lens and it’s specification

(ii) Type of mirror

(iii) Distance between the 2 lens.

[10 marks]

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Diagram 10.3

Diagram 10.4

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SECTION C( 20 marks)

Answer any one question from this section.

11.

Diagram 11

Diagram 11 shows the structure of a rocket.

(a) What is meant by impulse [1 mark]

(b) Using the principle of conservation of momentum, explain the working principle of the rocket. [4 marks]

(c) As a sport officer , you are given the responsibility to design a high jump landing pad. Table 11 shows four types of foam materials with different specifications.

Type of material

Density /

kgm-3

Elasticity /

N cm-1

Thickness / cm

Rate of air absorption

P 1500 15.2 60.0 High

Q 1700 13.5 45.0 Low

R 1200 13.7 80.0 High

S 2000 16.0 85.0 moderate

Table 11

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Hot Gases

Combustion Chamber

Liquid Oxygen

Liquid Hydrogen

18

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You are required to determine the most suitable material to be used to make the landing pad. Study the specifications of all the four types of material from the following aspects:

- The density of the material- The elasticity of the material- The thickness of the foam- The ability to absorb water of the material

Explain the suitability of the aspects. [10 marks]

(d) A car of mass 800 kg traveling at 72 kmh-1 collided with a solid wall and came to a sudden stop. The time of impact during the collision is 0.2 s. Find

( i ) The impulse experienced by the car during the collision. [3 marks]

( ii ) The Impulsive force on the car[2 marks]

12. a. What is meant by specific latent heat of vaporization? [1 mark]

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b. You are asked to investigate the characteristics of the liquid to be used in a refrigerator. Table 12 shows the characteristics of four coolants.

Material Boiling point/ oC

Specific latent heat of

vaporisation

Stickiness Density / kg m-3

P -23 Low Low 125

Q 12 High High 500

R 100 Moderate Low 1000

S 255 Low High 800

Table 12

( i ) Explain the suitability of each characteristic in Table 12 and then determine the most suitable liquid to be used as a coolant.

( ii ) Give a reason for your choice. [10 marks]

c) We cannot use a cooling system of a refrigerator to cool the hot room. Explain why? [ 4 marks ]

d) Figure below shows a cooling curve for solidification of water.

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/ oC

20

Q1 Q2

t / s

Q3

-10

By using the data from the graph, determine the quantity of heat released when 500 g of water at 20 oC is cooled to become ice at the temperature of -10 oC. ( Specific latent heat of fusion of ice = 3.36 x 10 5 J kg-1, specific heat capacity of water = 4.2 x 10 3 J kg-1 oC -1 , specific heat capacity of ice = 2.1 x 10 3 J kg -1) [5 marks]

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