Pecutan Akhir Chemistry p2 p3 Spm 2013 (1)

8/10/2019 Pecutan Akhir Chemistry p2 p3 Spm 2013 (1)

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PECUTAN AKHIR SPM 2013

1

PECUTAN AKHIR KIMIA SPM 2013

1. Empirical formula of metal X oxide can be determined by using the setup of apparatus as

below.

(a) State the name of substance Q and the function of that substance.

..

[ 2 marks ]

(b) The chemical in the conical flask is used to prepare hydrogen gas. Write a balance

chemical equation for this reaction.

..

[ 2 marks ]

(c) State one suitable metal oxide that can be used in this apparatus.

..

[ 1 mark ]

(d) The gas emitted at point A is tested whether it is pure or not. Why did we do this

procedure?

..

[ 1 mark ]

(e) To get an accurate result, all metal x oxide must be completely react with hydrogen gas.

State the procedure to ensure the complete reaction.

..

..

[ 1 mark ]

heat

U Tube

Retort stand

A

100 cm3of 2.0 mol

dm-3

of hydrochloric

acid

+

zinc powder

Conical flask

Substance Q

metal X oxide in

asbestos paper

Test tube


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(f) The burning of metal x oxide produced the reading as below.

mass of test tube + asbestos / gram 4.560

Mass of test tube + asbestos + metal X oxide / gram 5.520

Mass od test tube + asbestos + X / gram 5.328

[ Molar mass : X = 64; O = 16 ]

Calculate the empirical formula of metal X oxide.

[ 3 marks ]

2. Diagram 2 shows part of the Periodic Table of Elements. V, W, X, Y, Z and U do not represent

the actual symbols of the elements.Rajah 2 menunjukkan sebahagian daripada Jadual Berkala. V, W, X, Y, Z dan U tidak mewakili simbol sebenar unsur

berkenaan

1 18

2 13 14 15 16 17

V W

X Y Z

U

Diagram 2


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(a) (i) Which element is a halogen?Unsur yang manakah adalah halogen?

..

[ 1 mark ]

(ii) Which element is transition element?Unsur yang manakah logam peralihan?

..

[ 1 mark ]

(iii) Which element exists as monoatomic naturally?Unsur yang manakah wujud sebagai gas monoatom secara semulajadi?

..

[ 1 mark ]

(b) (i) Write the electron arrangement for an atom of element X.

Tuliskan susunan electron bagi atom unsur X.

..

[ 1 mark ]

(ii) Write the formula of the ion formed from atom of element X.Tuliskan formula bagi ion yang terbentuk daripada satu unsur X.

..

[ 1 mark ]

(c) (i) Why are elements X, Y and Z placed in the same period?Mengapakah unsur X, Y dan Z terletak dalam kala yang sama?

..

[ 1 mark ]

(ii) Arrange elements X, Y and Z according to the decreasing order in the size of

atoms.Susun unsur X, Y dan Z mengikut saiz atom menurun.

..

[ 1 mark ]

(d) (i) Write the balance chemical equation for the reaction between element X and

oxygen gas.Tuliskan persamaan kimia yang seimbang bagi tindak balas di antara unsur X dan gas oksigen.

..

[ 1 mark ]

(ii) Element X dissolve in water to produced a solution. Write the balance chemical

equation.Unsur X melarut di dalam air untuk menghasilkan satu larutan. Tuliskan persamaan kimia yang

seimbang.

..

[ 1 mark ]


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3. Figure below shows the 4 elements from the periodic table. The symbol does not show the

actual symbol of the elements.Rajah di bawah menunjukkan 4 unsur dari Jadual Berkala. Simbol tidak menunjukkan symbol sebenar unsur

tersebut.

(a) (i) Write the electron arrangement of atom of element P.Tuliskan susunan electron untuk atom unsur P.

...

[ 1 mark ]

(ii) State the position of element P in the periodic tableNyatakan kedudukan unsur P di dalam Jadual Berkala

...

[ 2 marks ]

(ii) Explain your answer in (a) (ii)Terangkan jawapan anda di (a) (ii)

...

[ 1 mark ]

(b) (i) Q atom lose electron to produced an ion. Write the electron arrangement of Q

ion.

Atom Q hilang electron untuk menghasilkan ion. Tuliskan susunan electron untuk ion Q.

...

[ 1 mark ]

(ii) Draw the electron arrangement structure of Q ion.Lukiskan struktur susunan electron untuk ion Q.

[ 2 marks ]

(iii) Write the half equation for the formation of Q2+

ion from Q atom.Tuliskan setengah persamaan tindak balas untuk pembentukkan ion Q

2+dari atom Q.

...

[ 1 mark ]

P126

Q2412

R146

S3517


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(c) Which atoms display the characteristic for isotope? Explain why.Atom yang manakah menunjukkan sifat isotope? Terangkan mengapa.

..

..[ 2 marks ]

(d) (i) State the chemical bond formed between Q and S.Nyatakan ikatan kimia yang terbentuk di antara Q dan S.

...

[ 1 mark ]

(ii) Draw the electron arrangement structure of this compound.Lukiskan struktur susunan electron untuk sebatian ini.

[ 2 marks ]

(e) (i) State the chemical bond formed between P and S.Nyatakan ikatan kimia yan terbentuk di antara P dan S.

...

[ 1 mark ]

(ii) Draw the electron arrangement structure of this compound.Lukiskan struktur susunan electron untuk sebatian ini.

[ 2 marks ]


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4. You are given two beakers, each contain 2.0 mol dm-3

of sodium hydroxide solution and in the

other beaker contain 2.0 mol dm-3

of ammonia solution.Anda di beri dua bikar, setiap satu mengandungi larutan natrium hidroksida 2.0 mol dm

-3dan bikar yang satu lagi

mengandungi larutan ammonia 2.0 mol dm-3

.

(a) What is meant by strong alkali?Apakah yang di maksudkan dengan alkali kuat?

[ 1 mark ]

(b) Suggest the pH of sodium hydroxide solution and ammonia solution. Explain your

answer.Cadangkan pH untuk larutan natrium hidroksida dan larutan ammonia. Terangkan jawapan anda.

[ 3 marks ]

(c) State one uses of sodium hydroxide solution in daily life.Nyatakan satu kegunaan larutan natrium hidroksida di dalam kehidupan seharian.

[ 1 mark ]

(d) 25 cm3of 2.0 mol dm

-3of sodium hydroxide solution is dilute with 50 cm

3of distilled

water. Determine the new concentration of sodium hydroxide solution.25 cm

3 larutan natrium hidroksida 2.0 mol dm

-3di cairkan dengan 50 cm

3 air suling. Tentukan kepekatan

baru larutan natrium hidroksida.

[ 2 marks ]

(e) Sodium hydroxide solution also can be prepared by adding sodium to water in a beaker.

Write a balance chemical equation for this reaction.Larutan natrium hidroksida juga boleh di sediakan dengan mencampurkan natrium kepada air. Tuliskan

persamaan tindak balas kimia yang seimbang untuk tindak balas ini.

[ 1 mark ]


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(f) 25 cm3of 2.0 mol dm

-3of sodium hydroxide solution is titrated with hydrochloric acid

from a burette.25 cm

3larutan natrium hidroksida 2.0 mol dm

-3di titratkan dengan asid hidroklorik dari buret.

(i) Draw the setup of apparatus of this experiment.Lukiskan rajah susunan radas untuk eksperimen ini.

[ 2 marks ]

(ii) Find the concentration sodium hydroxide solution of if 20 cm3

of hydrochloric acid

is needed to neutral the alkali completely.Cari kepekatan asid hidroklorik jika 20 cm

3 larutan natrium hidroksida di perlukan untuk

meneutralkan aklaki dengan lengkap.

[ 3 marks ]


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5. Diagram 6 shows the apparatus set up to determine the heat of precipitation of silver chlorideRajah 6 menunjukkan susunan radas untuk menentukan haba pemendakan argentum klorida.

Diagram 6

Table 6 shows the result of the experiment.Jadual 6 menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen ini.

Table 6

(a) What is the meaning of heat of precipitation?Apakah maksud haba pemendakan?

..

..

[1 mark ]

(b) Calculate :Hitung :

(i) The heat released during the reaction.

[ Specific heat capacity of solution, c = 4.2 J g-10

C-1

; Density of solution = 1 gcm-3

]Haba yang dibebaskan semasa tindak balas.

[Muatan haba tentu bagi larutan, c = 4.2 J g-10

C-1

;Ketumpatan larutan = 1 gcm-3]

[1 mark]

Description

PeneranganTemperature (

0C)

Suhu (0C)

Initial temperature of sodium chloride solutionSuhu awal larutan natrium klorida

27.0

Initial temperature of silver nitrate solutionSuhu awal larutan argentum nitrat

27.0

Highest temperature of the mixtureSuhu maksimum campuran

30.5

50 cm3of 0.5 mol dm

-3

sodium chloride solution50 cm

3larutan natrium klorida

0.5 mol dm-3

50 cm3of 0.5 mol dm

-3silver nitrate solution

50 cm3larutan argentum nitrat 0.5mol dm

-3

Plastic cup

Cawan plastik


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(ii) The number of moles of silver ions, Ag+in silver nitrate and chloride ions, Cl

-in

sodium chloride solutionBilangan mol ion argentum, Ag

+dalam larutan argentum nitrat dan ion klorida ,Cl

-dalam larutan

natrium klorida

[2 marks]

(iii) The number of moles of silver chloride, AgCl precipitate produced.Bilangan mol argentum klorida, AgCl yang termendak

[1 mark]

(iv) The heat of precipitationHaba pemendakan

[2 marks]

(c) Draw an energy level diagram for this reactionLukis rajah aras tenaga bagi tindakbalasini.

[3 marks]

(d) Write the ionic equation for the reaction

Tuliskan persamaan ion bagi tindakbalas ini

..

..[1 mark]


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6. A student carried out an experiment to determine the value of heat of neutralization.

Diagram 6 shows the set up of the apparatus used in the experiment.Seorang pelajar menjalankan satu eksperimen untuk menentukan nilai haba peneutralan. Rajah 6 menunjukkan

susunan alat radas yang di gunakan dalam eksperimen ini.

The following data was obtained;

a) Why was a polystyrene cup used in this experiment?

[1 mark]

(b) Given that the specific heat capacity of the solution is 4.2 J g-1 o

C-1

and the density of the

solution is 1.0 g cm-3.

(i) Calculate the change of heat in the experiment.

(ii) Calculate the heat of neutralisation in the experiment.

Initial temperature of hydrochloric acid = 28oC

Initial temperature of sodium hydroxide solution = 28oC

Highest temperature of the mixture of product = 41oC

100 cm3

of 2.0 mol dm-3

Sodium hydroxide solution100 cm

3of 2.0 mol dm

-3

hydrochloric acid

Thermometer

DIAGRAM 6

Polystyrene cup


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[3 marks]

(c) Draw the energy level diagram for the reaction.

[2 marks]

(d) Based on the experiment, what is meant by theheat of neutralisation?

.............................................................

.............................................................

[1 mark]

(e) The student repeats the experiment by replacing hydrochloric acid with ethanoic acid.

All the other conditions remain unchanged.

(i) Predict the value of the heat of neutralisation?

..........

[1 mark]

(ii) Explain why?

..........

..........

..........

..........

[2 marks]


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7. Two experiments were carried out to investigate factors that affect the rate of reaction.

Table 5 shows the result of each experiment.Dua eksperimen telah dijalankan untuk mengkaji faktor yang mempengaruhi kadar suatu tindak balas. Jadual 5

menunjukkan keputusan setiap eksperimen

Table 5

ExperimentEksperimen

ReactantBahan tindak balas

Total volume of gas

collected at

2 minutes (cm3)

Jumlah isi padu gas yang

dikumpulkan dalam 2 minit (cm3)

I

Excess zinc powder + 20 cm3of

0.1 mol dm-3

sulphuric acid

Serbuk zink berlebihan + 20 cm3of

0.1 mol dm-3

asid sulfurik

20.0

II

Excess zinc granules + 20 cm3of0.1 mol dm

-3sulphuric acid

Ketulan zink berlebihan + 20 cm3of

0.1 mol dm-3

asid sulfurik

32.0

(a) Draw a diagram of the set-up of apparatus to carry out this experiment.Lukis gambar rajah untuk menunjukkan susunan radas yang digunakan dalam eksperimen ini.

[2 marks]

(b) Write the chemical equation for the reaction between zinc and sulphuric acid.Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas antara zink dan asid sulfurik.

[ 2 marks ]


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(c) Calculate the average rate of the reaction for the first two minutes of experiment

I and experiment II in cm3

s-1

.Hitung kadar tindak balas purata bagi dua minit pertama untuk eksperimen I dan eksperimen II

dalam cm3s

-1.

Experiment I

Experiment II

[ 2 marks ]

(d) Calculate the maximum volume of gas produced in experiment II.

[1 mol of gas occupies 24 dm3at room condition]

Hitungkan isipadu maksimum gas yang dibebaskan dalam eksperimen II.

[ 4 marks]

(e) State other factors that can affect the rate of reaction in this experiment.Nyatakan factor yang lain yang boleh mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas di dalam tindak balas ini.

......[1 mark]


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(f) Compare the rate of reaction between experiment I and experiment II. Explain

why there is a difference in the rate of reaction based on the collision theory.Bandingkan kadar tindak balas antara eksperimen I dan II. Dengan menggunakan teori

perlanggaran, terangkan perbezaan dalam kadar tindak balas bagi eksperimen ini.

..

..

..

..

..

..

[ 4 marks ]

8. Diagram 5 shows two experiments to investigate one factor that affects the rate of reaction

between zinc and hydrochloric acid.Rajah 5 menunjukkan dua eksperimen untuk mengkaji satu factor yang mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas antara

zink dan asid hidroklorik.

Diagram 5

Rajah 5

50 cm3

of 1.0 mol dm-3

hydrochloric acid

50 cm3

of 1.0 mol dm-3

asid

hidroklorik

Hydrogen gas

Gas hidrogen

Excess zinc granulesButiran zink berlebihan

50 cm3

of 1.0 mol dm-3

hydrochloric acid +

Copper (II) sulphate solution50 cm

3of 1.0 mol dm

-3

asid hidroklorik +

Larutan kuprum (II) sulfat

Excess zinc granules

Butiran zink berlebihan

Experiment II

Experiment I

Hydrogen gas

Gas hidrogen


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(a) (i) Based on Diagram 5, state the factor that affects the rate of reaction in this

experiment.Berdasarkan Rajah 5 nyatakan factor yang mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas dalam eksperimen ini.

........................................................................................................................................[1 mark]

(ii) How to determine the rate of reaction in this experiment.Bagaimanakah kadar tindak balas ditentukan dalam eksperimen ini?

.......................................................................................................................................

[1 mark]

(b) In Experiment II 2.0 cm3

of 0.5 mol dm-3

copper (II) sulphate solution is added. The

maximum volume of hydrogen gas released in Experiment I is V cm3Dalam Eksperimen II 2.0 cm

3larutan kuprum(II) sulfat 0.5 mol dm

-3 ditambah. Isipadu maksimum gas yang

terbebas dalam Eksperimen I ialah V cm3.

(i) What is the volume of hydrogen gas released in Experiment II compare to Experiment

I? Explain.Apakah isipadu gas hydrogen yang dibebaskan dalam Eksperimen II berbanding Eksperimen I.

..........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................

[2 marks]

(ii) The graph for the volume of gas against time for Experiment I is sketched as

shown in Graph 5.1.Graf isipadu gas melawan masa untuk Eksperimen I dilakarkan seperti ditunjukkan dalam Graf 5.1

Sketch the curve for experiment II on the same axes in Graph 5.1Lakarkan lengkung untuk Eksperimen II di atas paksi yang sama dalam Graf 5.1.

[2 marks]

Volume of hydrogen gas/cm3

Isipadu gas hidrogen/cm3

Time/sMasa/s

Graph 5.1

V

I


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(ii) Referring to the collision theory of particles, explain how does copper (II) sulphate

solution affect the rate of reaction?Merujuk kepada teori perlanggaran, terangkan bagaimana larutan kuprum(II) sulfat mempengaruhi

kadar tindak balas?

.......................................

............................................

.......................................................................................................................................

............................................

.......................................................................................................................................

[3 marks]

(c) Table 5 shows three experiments done by a student.Jadual 5 menunjukkan tiga eksperimen yang telah dijalankan oleh seorang pelajar.

ExperimentReactants

Bahan tindak balas

AExcess calcium carbonate chips and 25 cm

3of 1.0 mol dm

-3

hydrochloric acid.

Ketulan kalsium karbonat berlebihan dan 25 cm3asid hidroklorik 1.0 mol dm-3.

BExcess calcium carbonate chips and 25 cm

3of 0.5 mol dm

-3

hydrochloric acid.Ketulan kalsium karbonat berlebihan dan 25 cm

3asid hidroklorik 0.5 mol dm

-3.

CExcess calcium carbonate chips and 100 cm

3of 0.5 mol dm

-3

hydrochloric acid.Ketulan kalsium karbonat berlebihan dan 100 cm

3asid hidroklorik 0.5 mol dm

-3.

The graph of carbon dioxide gas produced against time is sketch as shown in Graph 5.2.Graf bagi karbon dioksida yang terhasil melawan masa dilakarkan seperti ditunjukkan dalam Graf 5.2.

Table 5


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Based on Table 5 and graph 5.2 , determine which curves represent the results of Experiment B

and Experiment C. Write your answers in the boxes provided.Berdasarkan Jadual 5 dan Graf 5.2, tentukan lengkung manakah mewakili keputusan bagi Eksperimen B dan C.

Tuliskan jawapan anda dalam kotak yang disediakan.

[2 marks]

9. (a) Table 1 shows four manufactured substance that are produced in industries.Jadual di bawah menunjukkan bahan pembuatan yang di dihasilkan di industry.

Name of productsNama hasil

ComponentsKomponen

BrassTembaga

Copper and element XKuprum dan elemen X

DuraluminAluminum, copper, magnesium and

manganesePolyvinyl chloride

Polivinil klorida

Chloroethene as monomerKloroethene sebagai monomer

Table 1

(i) State the name of element XNyatakan nama elemen X.

...

[ 1 mark ]

Experiment A

Time/sMasa/s

Volume of carbon dioxide/ cm3

Isipadu karbon dioksida/cm3

GRAPH 5.2


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(ii) State one usage of duralumin in daily lifeNyatakan satu kegunaan duralumin dalam kehidupan seharian.

[ 1 mark ]

(iii) Polyvinyl chloride is also known as PVC and is used as water pipes in daily life.

State the advantage of using PVC as water pipes.Polivinil klorida juga dikenali sebagai PVC dan digunaka sebagai paip air didalam kehidupan seharian. Nyatakan

kelebihan menggunakan PVC sebagai paip air.

[ 1 mark ]

(b) Soap in lab is made from the heating of palm oil with concentrated sodium hydroxide

solution in a beaker. Sodium chloride solid is added to the mixture and stirred

continuously. Diagram 2 below shows how it is done.

Sabun dihasilkan dari pemanasan minyak sawit dengan sodium hidroksida pekat didalam bikar. Pepejal Natrium kloridaditambahkan kepada campuran dan dikacau tanpa henti. Rajah 2 dibawah menunjukkan bagaimana ianya dilakukan.

Diagram 2

(i) State the name of the process to produced soap

Nyatakan proses untuk menghasilkan sabun

[ 1 mark ]

(ii) Why sodium chloride solid is added to the mixture?Mengapa pepejal natrium klorida dicampurkan kedalam campuran itu.

[ 1 mark ]

Sodium chloride solid

Beaker

Tripod stand

Spatula

Wire gauze

Glass rod

Palm oil + 6 mol dm-3

of

sodium hydroxide solution

Heat


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(iii) Sodium palmitate, CH3(CH2)14COO-Na

+ is the soap molecule that is produced in

this experiment. Soap molecule which is active in the cleaning action is divided

into two parts.Natrium palmitate CH3(CH2)14COO

- Na

+ adalah molekul sabun yang terhasil didalam eksperimen ini. Molekul

sabun yang aktif didalam aktiviti membersih dibahagikan kepada dua bahagian.

CH3 ( CH2 )14 COO-

Part A Part B

Diagram 3

State which partthat dissolves in water in diagram 3Nyatakan bahagian yang melarut didalam air pada rajah 3

...

State the name of parts that dissolve in oils and grease.Nyatakan nama bahagian yang melarut di dalam minyak dan gris.

...

[ 2 marks ]

(c) Example of modern medicine is given as in table 4.Contoh ubat moden di beri dalam jadual 3.

Type of medicine Example

Analgesic -

Hormone Insulin

Psychotherapeutic prozac

Table 4

(i) Give one example of analgesic medicineBerikan satu contoh ubat anagesik.

[ 1 mark ]

(ii) Insulin is one example of hormone that is used in modern medicine. What is the

use of insulin in medicine?Insulin adalah satu contoh hormon yang digunakan sebagai ubat moden. Apakah kegunaan insulin dalam

perubatan?

[ 1 mark ]


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(iii) One of psychotherapeutic drugs is antidepressants such as prozac. State the

function of prozac medicine to patient.Satu dari ubat psaikoterapeutik adalah antidepressent seperti Prozac. Nyatakan fungsi ubat Prozac kepada

pesakit.

[ 1 mark ]

Section B

10. (a) Haber process is a process of producing ammonia for industries. Mixture of 1

mole of nitrogen gas and 3 moles of hydrogen gas is mixed at specific conditions

State all the conditions for the reaction.

N2 + 3H2 2NH3

Proses Haber adalah proses untuk menghasilkan ammonia dalam industry. Campuran 1 mol gas

nitrogen dan 3 mol gas hydrogen di campurkan pada keadaan yang spesifik. Nyatakan semua

keadaan yang digunakan semasa tindak balas.

[ 6 marks ]

(b) Bronze is harder than pure metal of copper. Explain why and draw the atoms

arrangements of atom in both metals.Tembaga adalah lebih keras daripada logam kuprum yang tulen. Terangkan mengapa.

[ 6 marks ]

(c) Describe the manufacturing process of sulphuric acid in industries. In your

answer, include all the chemical equations and condition involved in the process.Huraikan proses pembuatan asid sulfurik dalam industry. Dalam jawapan anda sertakan semua

persamaan kimia dan keadaan yang terlibat di dalam proses tersebut.

[ 10 marks ]

(d) Sulphuric acid produced during Contact process in industries also producepollution to the environment. Explain how it happens.Sulfurik asid di hasilkan semasa Proses Sentuh dalam industry juga menghasilkan pencemaran

kepada alam sekitar. Terangkan bagaimana ia berlaku.

[ 4 marks ]

(e) (i) Describe the procedure how the ammonium sulphate can be prepared in

the laboratory.Huraikan prosedur bagaimana baja ammonium sulfat dapat di sediakan dalam makmal.

[ 10 marks ]


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(ii) Describe a chemical test to confirm the presence of sulphate ions in the salt

solutions.

Huraikan satu ujian kimia bagi mengesahkan kehadiran ion sulfat di dalam

larutan garam tersebut.

[ 4 marks ]

11. (a) Diagram 7.1 shows the reaction for the production of ammonia in industry.

Rajah 7.1menunjukkan tindak balas penghasilan ammonia dalam industri.

Diagram / Rajah7.1

(i) Name the industrial process of producing ammonia.

Namakan proses industri bagi penghasilan ammonia. [1 mark]

(ii) Write the chemical equation in (a) (i).

Tuliskan persamaan kimia dalam (a) (i). [2 marks]

(iii) State three conditions needed for the reaction in (a) (ii) to occur.Nyatakan tiga keadaan yang diperlukan untuk membolehkan tindak balas di (a) (ii) berlaku.

[3 marks]

(iv) Ammonia is used to prepare the following fertilizers:

Ammonium nitrate, NH4NO3

Urea, CO(NH2)2

Ammonia digunakan untuk menyediakan baja-baja berikut:

Ammonium nitrat, NH4NO3

Urea, CO(NH2)2

Compare the percentage of nitrogen by mass in both fertilizers. Which fertilizer is

better to increase the production of crops? Give a reason to your answer.[ Relative atomic mass: H=1; C=12; N=14; O=16 ]

Baja manakah lebih sesuai diguna untuk meningkatkan hasil tanaman. Beri satu sebab kepada

jawapan anda.

[Jisim atom relatif: H=1; C=12; N=14; O=16 ]

[4 marks]

Nitrogen gas

Gas nitrogen

Hydrogen gas

Gas hidrogen

+ Ammonia gas

Gas ammonia


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(b) Table 7.2 shows two different manufactured substances in industry, A and B and their

uses.Jadual7.2menunjukkan dua bahan buatan industri yang berbeza , A danB dan kegunaannya.

Manufacturedsubstances in

industryBahan buatan dalam

industri

UsesKegunaan

Alloy A

AloiA

To make medals and statues.

Untuk membuat pingat dan tugu.

Glass B

KacaB

To make laboratory glassware and glass cookware.

Untuk membuat radas kaca makmal dan alatan memasak.

Table /Jadual7.2

(i) Based on Table 7.2, state the name of Alloy A and type of Glass B.

Give the specific properties of each substance to support your answer.

Berdasarkan Jadual7.2, nyatakan nama bagi AloiA danjenis KacaB.

Berikan sifat khusus bagi setiap bahan tersebut untuk menyokong jawapan anda.

[4 marks]

(ii) Draw the arrangement of atom in pure copper and Alloy A.

Compare the hardness of pure copper and Alloy A. Explain your answer in term of

size and arrangement of atoms.

Lukis susunan atom dalam kuprum tulen dan Aloi A.

Bandingkan kekerasan antara kuprum tulen dan Aloi A.Terangkan jawapan anda dari segi saiz dan

susunan atom-atom.

[6 marks]


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12. (a) Diagram 9.1 shows a structural formula of butene,Rajah 9.1 menunjukkan formula struktur bagi butena.

Diagram 9.1

Draw another two structural formulae of butene isomers and write their respective names

according to the IUPAC nomenclature.Lukis dua formula struktur lain bagi ispmer butena dan tuliskan nama masing-masing berdasarkan penamaan IUPAC.

[4 marks]

(b) Diagram 9.2 shows the structural formula of an ester.

Rajah 9.2 menunjukkan formula struktur bagi suatu ester.

Diagram 9.2

Based on diagram 9.2:Berdasarkan rajah 9.2:

(i) Identify the two organic chemicals needed to produce the ester above.Kenalpasti dua bahan kimia organik yang diperlukan untuk menghasilkan ester di atas.

[2 marks]

(ii) State two chemical properties for each organic chemicals that you stated in 9(b)(i).Nyatakan dua sifat kimia bagi setiap bahan kimia organik yang anda nyatakan dalam 9(b)(i).

[4 marks]

(c) You are given an apparatus and chemicals as follow:Anda diberikan alat radas dan bahan-bahan kimia seperti berikut:

C C C CH

H H H H

H

H H

C C C OH

H

H H

H H O

C

H

H

C H

H

Apparatus: test tube, dropper.Radas: tabung uji, penitis

Chemicals: Bromine in trichloroethane, acidified potassium manganate (VII) solutionBahan kimia: bromin dalam trikloroetana, larutan kalium manganat (VII) berasid


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Describe two chemical tests using the apparatus and chemicals given above to differentiate

between hexane and hexene.

Your description must include the procedure and observation.Huraikan dua ujian kimia menggunakan alat radas dan bahan kimia yang diberikan di atas untuk membezakan antara

heksana dan heksena.

Dalam huraian anda mesti disertakan prosedur dan pemerhatian.

[10 marks]

13. (a) Diagram 11 shows a redox reactions involving displacement reaction.

Diagram 11

Explain the redox reaction that occur in test tube above based on

The reactivity of halogens

The displacement reaction

The substance that undergoes oxidation process

The substance that undergoes reduction process

Substance act as oxidizing agent

Observations and how to identify the product in this reaction

[10 marks]


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(b) The following information is regarding another redox reaction.

You are given the following apparatus and materials:

U-tube, galvanometer, connecting wires, stopper, dropper, carbon electrodes and retort

stand with clamps.

By using suitable chemicals (oxidizing agent, reducing agent and electrolyte), describe an

experiment to prove the above statement. In your description, you are required to include

a labelled diagram which shows the set up of apparatus

the procedure of the experiment the transfer of electrons at both electrodes

[10 marks]

14. (a) Electrolysis of copper (II) sulphate solution using carbon electrodes is conducted in lab

as in diagram 16.Elektrolisis larutan kuprum (II) sulfate menggunakan elektrod karbon dilakukan dengan rajah 16.

Diagram 16

(i) From diagram 16, explain the chemical reaction that happens as follow

The observations obtained in this electrolysis cell.

The half equation for the reaction happened at carbon electrode P and Q.

The redox reactions happen in terms of electrons.Dalam rajah 16, terangkan tindak balas kimia yang berlaku seperti berikut.

Pemerhatian yang diperoleh dalam sel electrolysis ini.

Ppersamaan setengah tindak balas yang berlaku di elektrod karbon P dan Q.

Tindak balas redoks yang berlaku dari segi electron.

[ 4 marks ]

During redox reaction, electrons are transferred at a distance from

the reducing agent to the oxidizing agent

Copper (II) sulphate solution

Battery

Carbon electrodes

Beaker

P Q


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(b) Electroplating is a process of a coating of metal with thin layer of other metal so that the

metal become attractive. Design an experiment on how to electroplate an iron spoon

with of copper. In your answer include the observations and half equations involved.Penyaduran logam adalah satu proses menyalutkan logam dengan satu lapisan nipis logam lain supaya logam tersebut

menjadi lebih menarik. Rancangkan satu eksperimen untuk menyadurkan sudu besi dengan kuprum. Dalam jawapan

anda sertakan pemerhatian dan setengah persamaan yang terlibat.

[ 10 marks ]

(c)

Diagram 17

Diagram 17 is a Danielle cell, where zinc strip is dipped into zinc sulphate solution and

copper strip is dipped into copper (II) sulphate solution. Zinc and copper are connectedto the voltmeter and the voltage produced is recorded.

Explain the redox reaction that happened in this chemical cell. In your answer include

the observations and half equations.

Rajah 17 ialas sebuah sel danielle dimana kepingan zink di celupkan kedalam latutan zink sulfate dan kepingan kuprum

dicelupkan kedalam larutan kuprum (II) sulphate. Zink dan kuprum disambungkan kepada voltmeter dan nilai voltage

yang dihasilkan direkodkan.

Terangkan tindak balas redoks yang berlaku dalam sel kimia ini. Dalam jawapan anda sertakan pemerhatian dan

persmaan setengah tindak balas.

[ 6 marks ]

15 (a) Lead(II) nitrate is a soluble salt and lead(II) sulphate is an insoluble salt.Plumbum(II)nitrat adalah garam larut dan plumbum(II)sulfat adalah garam tak larut.

(i) State the method of preparation both of the salts.Nyatakan kaedah penyediaan kedua-dua garam itu.

(ii) State the reactants for the preparation of lead(II) sulphate.

Nyatakan bahan tindak balas bagi penyediaan plumbum(II)sulfat.

[4 marks]

Voltmeter

Porous pot

Zinc strip

1.0 mol dm-3

of zinc

sulphate solution

1.0 mol dm-3

of

copper (II) sulphate

solution

Copper strip

V


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(b) By using lead(II) oxide or lead(II) carbonate as a reactant, describe how a sample of

lead(II) nitrate crystals can be prepared in the laboratory.

In your description, include the chemical equation involved.Dengan menggunakan plumbum(II)oksida atauplumbum(II)karbonat sebagai bahan tindak balas, huraikan

bagaimana satu sampel hablur plumbum(II)nitrat dapat disediakan dalam makmal.

Dalam huraian anda, sertakan persamaan kimia yang terlibat.

[10 marks]

(c) Given two test tube which are test tube labelled A that contained a sodium chloride

solution and another test tube labelled B that contained iron (II) nitrate solution.

Describe chemical tests that can be used to verify the anion in test tube A and the cation

in test tube B.Dua tabung uji yang di label A mengandung ilarutan natrium kloridadan tabung uji yang di label B

mengandungi larutan ferum (II) nitrat.

Terangkan ujian kimia yang boleh di gunakan untuk mengenal pasti anion dalam tabung uji A dan kation

dalam tabung uji B.

[6 marks]


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PAPER 3

16. An experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of metal in contact with iron on the

rusting of iron. The irons are coiled with metal zinc, copper and tin and kept inside a jelly

solution which contains a small amount phenolphthalein and potassium hexacyanoferrate (III)

solution. The test tubes are put aside for 5 days and the observations are recorded.

Satu eksperimen telah dijalankan untuk mengkaji kesan logam yang bersentuhan dengan besi terhadap

pengaratan besi. Besi yang dililitkan dengan logam zink, kuprum dan timah disimpan di dalam larutan jeli yang

mengandungi sedikit fenoftalein dan larutan kalium heksasianoferrat(III). Tabung uji disimpan selama 5 hari dan

pemerhatian direkodkan.

DAY 1 Hari 1

DAY 5 Hari 5

Diagram 1

(a) Based on diagram 1, Record all observations and corresponding inferences at day 5 in

table 1.Berdasarkan rajah 1, rekod semua pemerhatian dan inferens pada hari kelima di dalam jadual 1.

[ 6 marks ]

Test Tube 1

Iron nail coiled

with tin metal

Iron nail coiled

with copper

metal

Iron nail coiled

with zinc

metal

Test Tube 2 Test Tube 3

Jelly solution + Potassium hexacyanoferrate (III) solution + Phenolphthalein

Iron nail coiled

with tin metal

Iron nail coiled

with copper

metal

Iron nail coiled

with zinc

metal

Jelly solution + Potassium hexacyanoferrate (III) solution + Phenolphthalein

Test Tube 1 Test Tube 2 Test Tube 3


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Observations / Pemerhatian Inferences / Inferens

Test Tube 1 : Tabung uji 1

.

.


.

...


.

...


...


.

...


..

..

..

Table 1

(b) For this experiment, state:Bagi eksperimen ini, nyatakan:

(i) Manipulated variables.Pemboleh ubah dimanipulasi

.

(ii) Responding variablePemboleh ubah bergerak balas

...

(iii) Fixed variablePemboleh ubah dimalarkan

...

[ 3 marks ]

(c) Write the half equation for the formation of rust in test tube 3.Tulis setengah persamaan bagi pembentukan karat dalam tabung uji 3.

..[ 3 marks ]


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(d) Referring to test tubes 2 and 3, state the relationship between the distance of metal

from iron in electrochemical series and the rusting of iron.Merujuk kepada tabung uji 2 dan 3, nyatakan hubungkait di antara jarak logam dengan ferum dalam siri

elektrokimia dan pengaratan besi.

[ 3 marks ]

(e) Classify metal zinc, copper and tin into more electropositive than iron or less

electropositive than iron based on the electrochemical series.Kelaskan logam zink, kuprum dan timah kepada lebih elektropositif daripada ferum atau kurang

elektropositif daripada ferum berdasarkan siri elektrokimia.

[ 3 marks ]

(f) State the operational definitional for the rusting of iron.Nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi pengaratan paku besi.

[ 3 marks ]


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17. An experiment to determine the hardness of pure copper metal and alloy X is conducted as

diagram below. Diagram 2 shows a weight with mass of 1 kg is released at the height of 50 cm

above the steel ball bearing which is placed on top of a block of pure copper metal. The

experiment is repeated three times. The experiment is then repeated again by using alloy X to

replaced pure copper block.

Satu eksperimen untuk menentukan kekerasan kuprum tulen dan aloi X telah dijalankan seperti ditunjukkan dalamrajah di bawah. Rajah 2 menunjukkan satu pemberat 1 kg dilepaskan pada ketinggian 50 cm di atas bebola keluli

yang diletakkan di atas blok kuprum tulen. Eksperimen ini diulangi tiga kali. Eksperimen ini diulangi semula dengan

menggunakan aloi X untuk menggantikan blok kuprum tulen.

Diagram 2

The diameter of each dent is measured to determine the hardness of blocks. Diagram 3 shows

the dent made from each experiment.Diameter setiap lekuk diukur untuk menentukan kekerasan blok logam. Rajah 3 menunjukkan lekuk yang terbentuk

dalam setiap eksperimen.

Observations on pure copper

Experiment 1

Diameter of dent =

..

Experiment 2

Diameter of dent =

Experiment 3

Diameter of dent =

..

Thread

Weight 1 kg

Steel ball bearing strap

with cellophane tape

Pure copper block

Ruler


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Observations on alloy X

Diagram 3

(g) Measure and record the diameter of dent at spaces provided in diagram 3.Ukur dan rekodkan diameter lekuk pada ruang yang disediakan dalam gambar rajah.

[ 3 marks ]

(b) Construct a table to record the diameter of the dent and average diameter of dent on

pure copper and alloy X.Bina satu jadual bagi merekodkan diameter lekuk dan purata diameter lekuk untuk bongkah Kuprum tulen

dan aloi X.

[ 3 marks ]

(c) State the hypothesis for this experiment.Nyatakan satu hipotesis bagi eksperimen ini.

..

..

..

[ 3 marks ]

(d) Alloy X contains copper as it main composition. Predict the name of alloy X.Aloi X mengandungi kuprum sebagai komposisi utamanya. Ramalkan nama aloi X.

..

[ 3 marks ]

Experiment 1

Diameter of dent =

..

Experiment 2

Diameter of dent =

..

Experiment 3

Diameter of dent =

.


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18. Diagram 1.1 shows the set-up of apparatus used in an experiment to determine the position

of different metals in the electrochemical series by measuring the voltage of different pairs of

metals.The experiment is repeated by replacing metal M with metals N, P and Q and salt solution of M with the respective

salt solutions of N, P and Q. The copper electrode is the positve terminal in all the experiments.

Diagram 1.1

Copper electrode Electrode M

Porous pot

Blue copper(II)

sulphate solution

Salt solution of M

After 20 minute

Copper electrodeElectrode M

Porous pot

Light blue copper(II)

sulphate solution

Salt solution of M

V

V


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Diagram 1.2 shows the voltmeter readings of all the experiments.

Reading: ... Reading: .

Reading: .Reading: .

Diagram 1.2

(a) Record the voltmeter readings in the spaces provided in Diagram 1.2.

[3 marks]

(b) Construct a table to record the voltmeter reading for the different pairs of metals.

[3 marks]

M and Cu N and Cu

P and Cu

Q and Cu


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(c) State one hypothesis based on this experiment.

..

..

..

[3 marks]

(d) State the observations that can be made for this experiment after 20 minutes at:

(i) The negative terminal

.

(ii) The positive terminal

.................................................................................................................................

(iii) The copper (II) sulphate solution

..................................................

[3 marks]

(e) Explain your answer for (d) (iii).

..

.....

..

[3 marks]

(f) For this experiment, state:

(i) The manipulated variable

(ii) The responding variable

..

(iii) The constant variable

..

[3 marks]

(g) Based on the voltmeter readings, arrange all the metals in ascending order of their

electropositivity.

..

[3 marks]


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(h) The experiment is repeated by using different pairs of metals as shown in Table 1.

Predict the positive terminal and the voltage for each pair of metals by completing the

table

Pair of Metals Positive Terminal Voltage / V

M and N

N and P

M and P

Table 1

[6 marks]

(i) The following is a list of chemical substances:

Sodium chloride

Silver chloride

Zinc sulphate

Lead(II) sulphate

Classify these substances into substances that can be made as an electrolyte and

substances that cannot be made as an electrolyte.

[3 marks]


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19. Diagram 4 shows a conversation between Mona and Lisa regarding the task given to them

from their teacher, Ms Nalini.Rajah 4 menunjukkan perbualan di antara Mona dan Lisa berhubung dengan tugasan yang diberikan oleh guru

mereka, Ms Nalini.

Diagram 4

Based on the situation, plan a laboratory experiment to identify the solubility of salts inwater.Berdasarkan situasi tersebut, rancangkan satu eksperimen untuk mengenalpasti keterlarutan garam di dalam air.


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Your planning should include the following aspects:Perancangan anda hendaklah mengandungi aspek-aspek berikut:

(a) Problem statementPernyataan masalah

(b) All the variablesSemua pemboleh ubah

(c) HypothesisHipotesis

(d) Lists of materials and apparatusSenarai bahan dan alat radas

(e) ProcedureProsedur

(f) Tabulation of dataPenjadualan data

[17 marks]

20.

Rusting of iron can be affected by the presence of other metal that is in contact with iron.Pengaratan besi boleh dipengaruhi oleh kehadiran logam lain yang bersentuhan dengan besi.

Diagram 3 shows the apparatus set-up to study the effects of metals X and Y on the rusting of

iron.Rajah 3 menunjukkan susunan radas untuk mengkaji kesan logam X dan logam Y ke atas pengaratan besi.

Apparatus set-upSusunan radas

Diagram 3

Hot jelly solution

Iron nail

Metal X / Y


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Table 3 shows the results when metal X and metal Y are in contact with ironJadual 3menunjukkan keputusan apabila logam X dan logam Ybersentuhan dengan besi.

Metal contact with ironLogam yang bersentuhan dengan besi

ResultsKeputusan

Metal XLogam X

Iron does not rustBesi tidak berkarat

Metal YLogam Y

Iron rustBesi berkarat

Table 3

Referring to the information above, plan a laboratory experiment to investigate the

effect of namedmetals X and Y on the rusting of iron.

Merujuk kepada maklumat di atas, rancangkan satu eksperimen dalam makmal untuk mengkaji kesan

logam-logam X dan Y yang dinamakan ke atas pengaratan besi.

Your planning should include the following aspects:Perancangan anda hendaklah mengandungi aspek-aspek berikut:

(a) Aim of the experimentTujuan eksperimen

(b) All the variablesSemua pembolehubah


(d) List of materials and apparatusSenarai bahan dan radas



[17 marks]


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21. When electrolysis of hydrochloric acid using carbon electrodes was done at different

concentrations, the gases released at anode were different.Apabila elektrolisis larutan asid hidroklorik menggunakan elektrod karbon dilakukan pada kepekatan larutan yang

berbeza, gas-gas yang terbentuk di anod adalah berbeza.

The results after electrolysis are shown in diagram 3.Hasil keputusan selepas elektolisis ditunjukkan pada rajah 3.

Experiment 1 Experiment 2

Gas produced at anode is tested: Gas produced at anode is tested:

Diagram 3 / Rajah 3

Based on the above statement, plan an experiment to determine the effect of concentration

of hydrochloric acid to the gas released at anode during electrolysis.Berdasarkan kepada kenyataan di atas, rancang satu eksperimen untuk menentukan kesan kepekatan asid

hidroklorik terhadap gas yang terbentuk di anod semasa elektolisis.

Your planning should include the following:Perancangan anda hendaklah mengandungi perkara-perkara berikut:

(a) Problem statementsPernyataan masalah

(b) All the variablesSemua pembolehubah



(e) Procedure of the experimentProsedur eksperimen


[17 marks]


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22. Soft water is water that is used daily in our life, such as tap water, drinking water, water from

river, spring water and water from lake. Hard water is water that contained a high percentage

of calcium ions and magnesium ions.

Soap is very effective to clean grease and oil in soft water but detergent is effective in bothsoft and hard water.

Air lembut adalah air yang di gunakan seharian dalam kehidupan kita seperti air paip, air minuman, air dari sungai,

air mata air dan air dari tasek. Air liat adalah air yang mengandungi peratusan kandungan ion kalsium dan ion

magnesium yang tinggi.

Referring to the information in the diagram above, plan an experiment to investigate the

cleaning effect of soap and detergent in hard water. Your planning should include the

following aspects:Merujuk kepada maklumat dari gambarajah di atas, rancangkan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji kesanpencucian

sabun dan dtergen dalam air lembut dan air liat. Perancangan anda hendaklah mengandungi aspek-aspek berikut:

(a) Aim of the experimentTujuan eksperimen



(d) List of materials and apparatusSenarai bahan dan alat radas



[17 marks]


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Ionic compound can conduct electricity in aqueous and molten states but covalentcompound cannot conduct electricity in all states.

Sebatian ion boleh mengkonduksikan elektrik dalam keadaan leburan dan larutan akueus tetapi sebatian kovalen

tidak boleh mengkonduksikan elektrik dalam sebarang keadaan.

Using lead(II) bromide as an example of ionic compound and naphthalene as an example of

covalent compound, plan a laboratory experiment to compare the electrical conductivity of

molten ionic and covalent compounds.

Dengan menggunakan plumbum(II) bromida sebagai contoh sebatian ion and naftalena sebagai contoh sebatian

kovalen, rancangkan satu eksperimen untuk membandingkan kekonduksian elektrik leburan sebatian ion dansebatian kovalen.

Your planning should include the following aspects:Perancangan anda hendaklah mengandungi aspek berikut:

(a) Problem statementPernyataan masalah






[17 marks]

Pecutan Akhir Chemistry p2 p3 Spm 2013 (1)

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