PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI O RGANI...

HURAGNEP PIHSNEZITIC LANOITAZINAGROROIVAHEB )BCO( AJREK NASAUPEK PADAHRET

NAWAYRAK

tS idu adap nawayraK hamuR tikaS )CPSR( noberiC animatreP

ISPIRKS

nakujaiD kutnu utaS halaS ihunemeM tarayS

helorepmeM raleG anajraS imonokE

idutS margorP nemejanaM

:helO

ahsyrreM unaT

80 :MIN 4122 160

NEMEJANAM NASURUJ NEMEJANAM IDUTS MARGORP

IMONOKE SATLUKAF

AMRAHD ATANAS SATISREVINU

ATRAKAYGOY

2102


NAWAYRAK


ISPIRKS




:helO

ahsyrreM unaT

80 :MIN 4122 160


IMONOKE SATLUKAF


ATRAKAYGOY

2102


NAWAYRAK


ISPIRKS




:helO

ahsyrreM unaT

80 :MIN 4122 160


IMONOKE SATLUKAF


ATRAKAYGOY

2102

PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJIPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

i


NAWAYRAK


ISPIRKS




:helO

ahsyrreM unaT

80 :MIN 4122 160


IMONOKE SATLUKAF


ATRAKAYGOY

2102

i


NAWAYRAK


ISPIRKS




:helO

ahsyrreM unaT

80 :MIN 4122 160


IMONOKE SATLUKAF


ATRAKAYGOY

2102

i


NAWAYRAK


ISPIRKS




:helO

ahsyrreM unaT

80 :MIN 4122 160


IMONOKE SATLUKAF


ATRAKAYGOY

2102


ii


iii


vi

:ottoM

halnagnaJ aynkadneh umnanijarek halraib ,rodnek umhor alaynem - alayn nad halinayal .nahuT halaticakusreB malad halrabas ,naparahgnep malad

nad ,nakasesek halnuketreb malad !aod

11:21 amoR( - )21

nagned gnarO naiadnapek raul asaib .imugakid nagned gnarO atrah naayakek .iurubmecid nagned gnarO naasaukek gnaro aynahipatet ,itukatid

nagned retkarak kiab .iayacrepid

)namdeirF ruhtrA(

ispirkS ini ayas nakhabmesrep :adapek

aut gnarO ,atnicret gnay ayas

kakaK nad kida - ukkida .gnayasret


v

AMRAHD ATANAS SATISREVINU IMONOKE SATLUKAF

NEMEJANAM NASURUJ - NEMEJANAM IDUTS MARGORP

SILUT AYRAK NAILSAEK NAATAYNREP

hawab id nagnatadnatreb gnay ayaS nagned ,ini ini nakataynem awhab ispirkS nagned :luduj

HURAGNEP LANOITAZINAGRO ROIVAHEB PIHSNEZITIC )BCO( NAWAYRAK AJREK NASAUPEK PADAHRET

idutS adap nawayraK hamuR tikaS )CPSR( noberiC animatreP

d na nakujaid kutnu ijuid adap halada 2102 rebmevoN 72 ,laggnat lisah ayrak .ayas

ayaS aguj nakataynem awhab malad ispirks ini kadit tapadret nahurulesek uata naigabes ayas gnay nial gnaro nasilut libma nagned arac uata ,nilaynem urinem

malad kutneb naiakgnar tamilak uata kujnunem gnay lobmis k na nasagag uata tapadnep uata narikimep irad ayas gnay nial silunep iuka haloes - halo iagabes

ut nasil ayas nad ,iridnes uata kadit tapadret naigab uata nahurulesek gnay nasilutayas s ayas ,nila uata ,urit ayas libma irad apnat nial gnaro nasilut nakirebmem

naktubesid( naukagnep malad adap )isnerefer silunep .aynilsa

aliB naidumekid irah itkubret awhab ayas ataynret nakukalem nakadnit ,tubesrets akam aya aidesreb amirenem utiay ,isknas ispirks ini nakrugugid nad raleg

ayas gnay kimedaka naklatabid ).E.S( helorep atres sesorpid iauses nagned naruta gnadnurep - 002 nuhaT 02.oN UU( ukalreb gnay nagnadnu nad 52 lasap 3 .)07 lasap

51 ,atrakaygoY rebotkO 2102 taubmem gnaY ,naataynrep

ahsyrreM unaT 160 4122 80 :MIN

v
















v

















iv

NAUJUTESREP NAATAYNREP RABMEL

SIMEDAKA NAGNITNEPEK KUTNU HAIMLI AYRAK ISAKILBUP

hawab id nagnat adnatreb gnaY : amrahD atanaS satisrevinU awsisaham ayas ,ini

amaN : ahsyrreM unaT

romoN awsisahaM : 160 4122 80

naakatsupreP adapek nakirebmem ayas ,nauhategnep umli nagnabmegnep imeD

: ludujreb gnay ayas haimli ayrak amrahD atanaS satisrevinU

HURAGNEP ROIVAHEB PIHSNEZITIC LANOITAZINAGRO )BCO(

PADAHRET NASAUPEK NAWAYRAK AJREK idutS adap nawayraK

hamuR tikaS )CPSR( noberiC animatreP , atreseb nakulrepid gnay takgnarep alib(

)ada . adapek nakirebmem ayas naikimed nagneD naakatsupreP atanaS satisrevinU

em ,napmiynem kutnu kah amrahD ,nial aidem kutneb malad nakhilagn

nad ,satabret araces nakisubirtsidnem ,atad nalakgnap kutneb malad aynalolegnem

simedaka nagnitnepek kutnu nial aidem uata tenretnI id aynnakisakilbupmem

m ayas irad niji atnimem ulrep apnat ayas adapek itlayor nakirebmem nupua

.silunep iagabes ayas aman nakmutnacnem patet amales

.aynranebes nagned taub ayas gnay ini naataynrep naikimeD

atrakaygoY id taubiD

: laggnat adaP rebotkO 51 2102

,nakataynem gnaY

( ahsyrreM unaT )


iiv

ATAK RATNAGNEP

ijuP rukuys nad amiret hisak adapek nahuT suseY sata ainurak nad

tamhar - aggnihes ,ayN silunep tapad nakiaseleynem ludujreb gnay ispirks

huragneP“ )BCO( roivaheB pihsnezitiC lanoitazinagrO padahreT nasaupeK ajreK

idutS :nawayraK adap nawayraK hamuR tikaS noberiC animatreP .”)CPSR(

ispirkS ini silutid iagabes halas utas tarays kutnu helorepmem raleg anajraS

imonokE idutS margorP adap nasuruJ ,nemejanaM nemejanaM satlukaF imonokE

satisrevinU .atrakaygoY amrahD atanaS

nasiluneP ispirks ini tapad s iasele nagned kiab takreb nautnab iagabreb

.kahip kutnU silunep ,uti nigni nakpacugnem amiret hisak :adapek

.1 yrreH .H .rD kapaB ,.iS.M ,ojdiraM ukales nakeD satlukaF imonokE

satisrevinU .amrahD atanaS

.2 ukales ,.iS.M ,otowruP sakuL .rD kapaB margorP auteK idutS

nemejanaM satisrevinU nad amrahD atanaS nesod gnay ,I gnibmibmep

halet nakharagnem nad gnibmibmem silunep nagned nahuggnusek

.itah

.3 ukales ,.S.M ,onoggnawirT .A .srD kapaB nesod gnay ,II gnibmibmep

aguj halet nakharagnem nad gnibmibmem silunep gnihes ag ispirks ini

idajnem hibel .anrupmes

.4 kapaB .S.M ,.W otnayirT onesuS .gH .srD ukales , atoggna mit ijugnep

halet gnay nakirebmem tagnas gnay nakusam .anugreb


iiiv

.5 kapaB ukales ,.MRA ,otranuS ailanosreP oriB alapeK hamuR tikaS

gnay )CPSR( noberiC animatreP halet me nakirebm nizi aggnihes

silunep tapad nakukalem naitilenep .ini

.6 abM ,.iS.M ,isP.S ,L avoN naiD akitraK ukales oriB nawayrak

ailanosreP hamuR tikaS halet gnay noberiC animatreP utnabmem

silunep malad nakukalem naitilenep .ini

.7 panegeS nesod nad nawayrak satlukaF imonokE satisrevinU atanaS

.amrahD

.8 nad apaP ukamam ulales gnay atnicret nakirebmem hisak ,aod ,gnayas

nad ,naaigahabek ,tahesan ,nagnukud nakirebmem gnay napudihgnep

kayal amireT .ukigab hisak aguj halet iayaibmem uknakididnep amales

,ini tauk gnay gnaro uknakidajnem nad raget malad ipadahgnem pudih

aggnihes uktaubmem asawed malad ipakiynem .pudih

.9 halet gnay ydderF ’oK nakirebmem ,inamenem ,utnabmem aod nad

tagnames malad nanusuynep ispirks ini aggnihes tapad nakiaselesret

nagned .kiab

.01 iC halet gnay ykciR nad ,aksiS ,ysseY nakirebmem aod nad tagnames

amales nanusuynep ispirks .ini

.11 uktabahaS halet gnay nuggnA utnabmem nad nakirebmem tagnames

ukkutnu amales nanusuynep ispirks .ini

.21 aumeS halet gnay kahip utnabmem malad nanusuynep ispirks ini gnay

kadit tapad naktubesid utas - .utasrep


xi

siluneP iradaynem awhab ispirks ini hisam kaynab nagnarukek anerak

nasatabretek nad ikilimid gnay namalagnep .silunep helO anerak silunep ,uti

nakparahgnem kitirk nugnabmem gnay naras nad irad arap acabmep anug

nakanrupmeynem ispirks .ini agomeS ispirks ini taafnamreb nad tapad idajnem

nahab nakusam igab naker - naker malad nusuynem .ispirks

rebotkO 51 ,atrakaygoY 2102

siluneP

ahsyrreM unaT

80 :MIN 4122 160


x

ISI RATFAD

namalaH

LUDUJ NAMALAH ................................ ................................ ....................... i

NAUJUTESREP NAMALAH GNIBMIBMEP ................................ ................. ii

NAHASEGNEP NAMALAH ................................ ................................ ........... iii

NAHABMESREP NAMALAH ................................ ................................ ....... vi

SILUT AYRAK NAILSAEK NAATAYNREP NAMALAH ........................... v

ISAKILBUP NAUJUTESREP NAATAYNREP RABMEL NAMALAH ........ iv

RATNAGNEP ATAK NAMALAH ................................ ................................ . v ii

ISI RATFAD NAMALAH ................................ ................................ ............... x

LEBAT RATFAD NAMALAH ................................ ................................ ...... x iii

RABMAG RATFAD NAMALAH ................................ ................................ . x vi

SBA NAMALAH KART ................................ ................................ ................. vx

NAMALAH TCARTSBA ................................ ................................ ................ x iv

BAB NAULUHADNEP .I ................................ ................................ ............... 1

.A rataL gnakaleB ................................ ................................ ...................... 1

.B nasumuR halasaM ................................ ................................ ................. 6

.C naujuT naitileneP ................................ ................................ .................. 6

.D taafnaM naitileneP ................................ ................................ ................ 7

AKATSUP NAIJAK .II BAB ................................ ................................ ........... 9

.A nemejanaM ................................ ................................ ........................... 9

.B nemejanaM rebmuS ayaD aisunaM ................................ ....................... 01

.C ukalireP isasinagrO ................................ ................................ ............... 11

.D roivaheB pihsnezitiC lanoitazinagrO )BCO( ................................ ........ 21

.E rotkaF - BCO ihuragnepmeM gnay rotkaf ................................ .............. 51

.F taafnaM pihsnezitiC lanoitazinagrO roivaheB )BCO( ........................... 81


ix

.G nasaupeK ajreK ................................ ................................ ..................... 22

.H naitileneP aynmulebeS ................................ ................................ .......... 52

.I akgnareK naitileneP ................................ ................................ .............. 72

.J sisetopiH ................................ ................................ ............................... 72

BAB NAITILENEP EDOTEM .III ................................ ................................ ... 03

.A keybuS nad keybO naitileneP ................................ ................................ 03

.B utkaW nad isakoL naitileneP ................................ ................................ . 03

.C lebairaV naitileneP ................................ ................................ ................ 03

.D isinifeD lanoisarepO ................................ ................................ .............. 13

.E isalupoP nad lepmaS ................................ ................................ ............. 43

.F kinkeT nalibmagneP lepmaS ................................ ................................ . 53

.G kinkeT ataD nalupmugneP ................................ ................................ ... 63

.H ataD rebmuS ................................ ................................ ........................ 73

.I kinkeT naijugneP nemurtsnI ................................ ................................ .. 73

.J kinkeT isilanA ataD s ................................ ................................ ............ 93

.K narukugneP lebairaV ................................ ................................ ............. 44

NAITILENEP KEJBUS MUMU NARABMAG .VI BAB ............................... 84

.A harajeS hamuR tikaS noberiC animatreP ................................ ............... 84

.B isiV nad isiM hamuR tikaS noberiC animatreP ................................ ...... 05

.C nemejanaM nad rutkurtS isasinagrO hamuR tikaS ................................ . 05

.D satilisaF hamuR tikaS noberiC animatreP ................................ .............. 25

.E sineJ nanayaleP noberiC animatreP tikaS hamuR ................................ .. 35

.F niaL - nial ................................ ................................ ............................... 55

NASAHABMEP NAD ATAD SISILANA .V BAB ................................ ......... 65

.A takgniT naijugneP satilibaileR ................................ ............................... 65

.B ispirkseD nednopseR ................................ ................................ ............. 75

.C ispirkseD BCO takgniT ................................ ................................ ........ 16

.D nasaupeK takgniT ispirkseD ajreK ................................ ........................ 26

.E ijU ,satilamroN ijU sisetopiH nad ilanA sis anahredeS reiniL isergeR .... 36


iix

.F ialiN neisifeoK )erauqS R( isanimreteD ................................ ................ 56

.G nasahabmeP ................................ ................................ .......................... 56

UPMISEK .IV BAB NASATABRETEK NAD ,NARAS ,NAL ........................ 96

.A nalupmiseK ................................ ................................ ........................... 96

.B naraS ................................ ................................ ................................ ..... 07

.C nasatabreteK ................................ ................................ .......................... 17

AKATSUP RATFAD ................................ ................................ ....................... 72

NARIPMAL


iiix

LEBAT RATFAD

lebaT luduJ H namala

neisifeoK 1.V satilibaileR ................................ ................................ ................. 65

kitsiretkaraK 2.V nednopseR nahakinreP sutatS nakrasadreB ............................ 75

kitsiretkaraK 3.V nednopseR nakrasadreB sineJ nimaleK ................................ . 85

kitsiretkaraK 4.V nednopseR nakrasadreB nakididneP rihkareT ........................ 85

kitsiretkaraK 5.V nednopseR nakrasadreB )nalub/nalisahgneP( ijaG ................ 95

kitsiretkaraK 6.V nednopseR nakrasadreB naajrekeP ................................ ........ 06

ataR naialineP 7.V - BCO lebairaV atar ................................ ............................. 16

8.V ataR naialineP - lebairaV atar ajreKnasaupeK ................................ .............. 26

9.V lisaH ilanA sis anahredeS reiniL isergeR ................................ ..................... 46

01.V metI - hisaM gnay BCO meti hadneR ................................ ......................... 66

11.V metI - upeK meti nasa hisaM gnay ajreK hadneR ................................ ........ 86


vix

RABMAG RATFAD

nagaB luduJ namalaH

.II 1 akgnareK naitileneP ................................ ................................ .................. 72

.VI rutkurtS 1 isasinagrO ................................ ................................ ................... 15


vx

KARTSBA

HURAGNEP )BCO( ROIVAHEB PIHSNEZITIC LANOITAZINAGRO NAWAYRAK AJREK NASAUPEK PADAHRET


ahsyrreM unaT satisrevinU amrahD atanaS

2102 ,atrakaygoY

naitileneP ini naujutreb kutnu iuhategnem takgnit lanoitazinagro()roivaheb pihsnezitic BCO takgnit , nasaupek ajrek nad padahret BCO huragnep

nasaupek ajrek nawayrak hamuR tikaS .)CPSR( noberiC animatreP isalupoP malad naitilenep ini nagned ,gnaro 171 halmujreb lepmas 021 kaynabes

.nednopser nalibmagneP lepmas nakanuggnem kinket gnilpmas ecneinevnoc . kinkeT nakanuggnem atad nalupmugnep .renoiseuk nakanuggnem atad sisilanA

kinket sisilana .anahredes reinil iserger lisaH naitilenep ini nakkujnunem awhab nawayrak hamuR tikaS P animatre ukalirepreb gnires )CPSR( noberiC

roivaheb pihsnezitic lanoitazinagro )BCO( nagned roks 04,3 naialinep nad takgnit nasaupek ajrek aguj CPSR nawayrak gnologret iggnit nagned roks .68,3 naialinep

lisaH naitilenep ini aguj nakkujnunem huragnepreb BCO awhab s arace fitisop padahret nasaupek ajrek .nawayrak ukalirepreb nawayrak gnires nikames aynitrA

.nawayrak ajrek nasaupek iggnit nikames akam BCO

:icnuk ataK roivaheb pihsnezitic lanoitazinagrO ajrek nasaupek ,)BCO( .


ivx

TCARTSBA

NO ECNEULFNI )BCO( ROIVAHEB PIHSNEZITIC LANOITAZINAGRO

EHT EEYOLPME NOITCAFSITAS BOJ

eeyolpmE noberiC latipsoH animatreP tA ydutS

unaT ahsyrreM amrahD atanaS satisrevinU

2102 ,atrakaygoY

pihsnezitic lanoitazinagro eht nrael ot stpmetta hcraeser sihT roivaheb )BCO( level nrael ot dna fo ecneulfni eht c lanoitazinagro roivaheb pihsneziti

eht no )BCO( sitas boj noitcaf s animatreP latipsoH noberiC .seeyolpme noitalupoP siht ni si hcraeser na elpoep 171 stnednopser 021 koot hcraeser siht d

sa ehT .elpmas eht as ecneinevnoc si gnilpmas dohtem siht rof atad ehT .gnilpmyduts detcelloc si yb .eriannoitseuq desu sisylana ataD si raenil elpmis

eht taht swohs hcraeser siht fo tluser ehT .noisserger eeyolpme fo s animatreP latipsoH noberiC od netfo )BCO( roivaheb pihsnezitic lanoitazinagro htiw

a tnemssess erocs 04,3 s , dna eht animatreP noitcafsitas boj eeyolpme fo levelih etiuq osla noberiC latipsoH .68,3 serocs tnemssessa htiw hg siht fo tluser ehT

dewohs osla hcraeser taht ihsnezitic lanoitazinagro )BCO( roivaheb p ecneulfni ylevitisop eeyolpme eht ot .noitcafsitas boj tI m nae eht taht s tneuqerf erom BCO

evaheb seeyolpme ehgih eht eht r .noitcafsitas boj

:drow yeK .noitcafsitas boj ,)BCO( roivaheB pihsnezitiC lanoitazinagrO


1

I BAB

NAULUHADNEP

.A gnakaleB rataL

nataigeK asaj nanayalep ahasu eb nikames aisenodnI id gnabmekr

nakam hamur ,letoh asaj nanayalep adap amaturet nakhab ,isatropsnart ,

.tikas hamur aigeK nat asajnanayalep ahasu ini sanimodid kahip helo i

hatniremep kilim ahasu anerak atsaws muleb hurules uakgnajnem nasipal

takaraysam . ,uti anerak helO ahasu malad narepreb atsaws kahip

ignarugnem utnabmem malad nailudepek kutneb iagabes asaj nanayalep

nahutubek ihunemem kutnu hatniremep nabeb .takaraysam utas halaS

halada asaj nanayalep ahasu nataigek irad hotnoc tikas hamur , gnay

nakapurem natahesek natawarep isutitsni haubes malad ,lanoiseforp

nad ,tawarep ,retkod helo nakaidesid ini asaj ahasu nataigek ,aynnanayalep

ial natahesek ilha aganet .aynn

,ini isasilabolg are iD nanayalep naka takaraysam nahutubek

takgninem nikames natahesek nagnabmekrep takgnit nagned gniries

tikaynep aynlubmit - sativitka uggnaggnem tapad gnay urab tikaynep

.aynnairahesek malad gnaroeses hip gnorodnem ,tubesret kapmaD ka

gnadib malad aynsusuhk asaj nanayalep ahasu nugnabmem kutnu atsaws

takaraysam nahutubek padahret nailudepek dujuw iagabes natahesek

kutnu hatniremep nabeb naknagnirem utnabmem nad natahesek lah malad


2

haread id aynsusuhk takaraysam nahutubek uakgnajnem -d gnay harea

.licnepret

kahip helo asaj nanayalep ahasu nataigek ayngnabmekreb gnirieS

atsaws nikames nup nakhutubid gnay )MDS( aisunam ayad rebmus akam

.kaynab MDS( aisunam ayad rebmuS ret tesa nakapurem ) malad gnitnep

uata isasinagro paites raga naahasurep asu aynah fitkefe nagned nalajreb .

isasilabolg are iD kiab gnay ajrek aganet naklupmugnem nad iracnem ,ini

netepmokreb nad tilus haltagnas aganet naknahatrepmem igal hibelret ,

ada hadus gnay ajrek . P ahasugnep ara turkerem malad fitkeles hibel

apad aynahasu raga nawayrak asaj nanayalep nakirebmem t ret .kiab P kahi

p naahasure aguj surah nakirebmem nagnabmegnep nad nahitalep ,isavitom

kiab nagned ajrekeb tapad akerem raga nawayrak adapek atres

pmem ak ajrenik naknahatre nawayr ayn raga .satilaukreb patet

ini isasilabolg are iD isasinagro , gnay nawayrak naknignignem

asib aguj ipatet ajas aynkokop sagut nakajregnem asib aynah kadit

artske sagut nakukalem . ayapU lamrof narep iuapmalem kutnu nawayrak

pesnok igab rasad idajnem gnay halini aynbawaj gnuggnat nad

roivaheb pihsnezitic lanoitazinagro ( BCO ). nakadebmem gnay laH

ed BCO ukalirep utiay asaib ajrek ukalirep nagn ukalirep nakapurem BCO

kadit gnay alerakus cret naajrekep ispirksed malad tata em aker tapad gnay

itamaid nad igab fitisop kapmad ikilimem .isasinagro BCO ukalireP ini

atoggna iagabes naasarep anerak lucnum malad nad isasinagro utaus

isasinagro adapek hibel gnay utauses nakukalem alibapa saup nakasarem


3

( .)7002 ,idailvoN kujnutid gnay BCO ukalirep ,uti babes helO k helo na

s utigeb nakiabaid asib kadit nawayrak .nemejanam kahip helo aja P ukalire

p nad naitahrep naktapadnem tutap tubesret e arap raga susuhk naagrahgn

nakukalem kutnu ucapret suret nawayrak ukalirep BCO nahab iagabes

ajrenik naialinep malad nagnabmitrep nawayrak nad mortsweN( ,sivaD

:2002 .)712

nasaupeK utiay aynrasad adap ajrek nakasarid gnay apa gnatnet

.aynnaajrekep malad aigahab )nawayrak( gnaroeses taubmem gnay nad

turuneM ad ;6791( ekcoL 9002 ,asotnaS nad otnayirT mal ) nakatagnem

ajrek nasaupek awhab nakapurem gnay fitisop isome uata nagnanesek

.namalagnep uata ajrek isatserp irad lisah igabmem tapad ajrek nasaupeK

halmujes iulalem iskiderpid kidni tafis ,amiretid gnay ijag itrepes ,rota

uata nasata irad isivrepus ,isomorp natapmesek ,iridnes uti naajrekep

.ajrek naker nagned nagnubuh nad ,isasinagro turuneM ;0991( regrebnesiE

gnabmekreb BCO ukalirep awhab nakpakgnugnem )7002 ,idailvoN malad

asinagro naitahrep raseb aparebes nagned nalajes takgnit adap is

isubirtnok padahret isasinagro naagrahgnep nad nawayrak naarethajesek

.akerem alibapA nep nad naitahrep nakirebmem isasinagro naagrahg

adapek idajnem tubesret nawayrak akam BCO ukalirepreb gnay nawayrak

names nad naajrekep nakukalem malad tag naka aynajrek nasaupek takgnit

takgninem . nakatagnem atkaf ,)04:8002( egduJ nad snibboR turuneM

,kiab gnay BCO nagned nawayrak iaynupmem gnay isasinagro awhab

.nial isasinagro irad kiab hibel gnay ajrenik ikilimem naka


4

akij lisahreb naka isasinagro utauS aynah kadit nawayrak arap

,artske sagut nakukalem aguj ipatet ajas aynkokop sagut nakajregnem

isapisitrapreb ,gnolonem gnolot ,naras nakirebmem ,amas ajrekeb itrepes

atres ,nanayal anuggnep adapek artske nanayalep nakirebmem ,fitka araces

utkaw nakanuggnem fitkefe nagned aynajrek . tagnas ini BCO ukalireP

anerak nakparahid nad sativitkefe natakgninep gnukudnem tapad

malad id aynsusuhk ,naahasurep uata isasinagro utaus pudih nagnusgnalek

.tatek nikames aynnagniasrep takgnit gnay sinsib nagnukgnil nawayraK

nay padahret iggnit gnay satilayol ikilimem naka BCO ikilimem g

namayn asarem naka ayniridnes nagned nad ajrekeb ayntapmet isasinagro

( aynnaajrekep padahret nama nad 9002 ,asotnaS nad otnayirT K .) pesno

O itkarpid kutnu satabret hisam BC nad asaj rotkes adap nakk nanayalep

tikas hamur itrepes kilbup ,letoh , aggnihes nakam hamur nad nasekret

rotkes kutnu nakanugid kococ aynah irtsudni .ajas uti isasinagro nad

BCO isnetsiskE nep malad malad aynsusuhk isasinagro nagnabmeg

asaj nanayalep ahasu nataigek utnabmem naahasurep utaus isasinagro uata

iapacnem kutnu .naknigniid gnay radnats utaus malad atoggna paiteS

t gnay radnats amrofrep iuapmalem upmam surah isasinagro hale

isasinagro helo nakpatetid )32:1002 ,onowraS nad osoreoS( .

dap kapmad ikilimem saul araces BCO isasinagro sativitkefe a

.)9002 ,asotnaS nad otnayirT malad ;6002 ,miK( nagnubuh tapadreT

nasaupek nad BCO aratna nagnubuh gnukudnem gnilas gnay laisnatbus

.ajrek nakumenem )9002 ,asotnaS nad otnayirT malad ;3991( namrooM


5

fitaler gnay nagnukud aces gnitnep nagned fitingok ar iagabes BCO

nakiskiderpmem gnay BCO kapmad .ajrek nasaupek

aynnaajrekep nagned saup asarem gnay nawayrak mumu araceS

gnay kiab ajrenik amrofrep lisah sata naagrahgnep naknignignem

,ajrek naker nagned kiab nagnubuh ikilimem ,aynnakukalid nad

.tubesret isasinagro malad naajrekep naktujnalem K araces nawayra

,aynnaajrekep nagned nagnubuhreb gnay ajrek naker utnabmem alerakus

kutneb iagabes isasinagro malad ajrek naker adap nagnukud nakirebmem

libmagnem nad ,ajrenik amrofrep irad naagrahgnep e selor artx usuhk , ayns

.)9002 ,asotnaS nad otnayirT( ayadub satifitkelok malad laH - id lah sata

agudid tapad nasaupek padahret fitisop kapmad ikilimem BCO awhab

.ajrek

3791 nuhat kajes iridreb gnay noberiC animatreP tikaS hamuR

tikas hamur utas halas nakapurem kutnu hatniremep helo nakaidesid gnay

satilisaf natahesek .aynagraulek atreseb animatreP nawayrak naidumeK

nakirebmem ialum noberiC animatreP tikaS hamuR 6991 nuhat adap

.mumu takaraysam kutnu natahesek nanayalep kas hamuR halet ini ti

nayalep anerak noberiC agraw arap naladna idajnem gnay aynnatahesek na

.uakgnajret atres pakgnel nad kiab ini tikas hamuR kutnu ulrep

aynmaladid tabilret gnay nawayrak arap ajrek nasaupek nakitahrepmem

gnorodret nawayrak arap raga naujut nagned amrofrep nakirebmem kutnu

tikaS hamuR adapek aynkiabret noberiC animatreP upmam aggnihes

.lamitpo araces takaraysam natahesek nahutubek inayalem arap ,uti nialeS


6

anerak BCO ukalirep ikilimem ulrep aguj nawayrak ini ukalirep tapad

efe natakgninep gnukudnem utaus pudih nagnusgnalek nad sativitk

.isasinagro iD nial isis , nad fitkefe araces nalajreb tapad isasinagro utaus

aratna kiab gnay iskaretni aynada anerak BCO naadarebek nagned neisife

k ,ajrek naker nagned nawayra nad .nanipmip nagned nawayrak

silunep akam ,tubesret halasam ayngnitnep tagnigneM kiratret

ludujreb gnay haimli naitilenep nakukalem kutnu huragneP“

C lanoitazinagrO roivahaB pihsneziti ajreK nasaupeK padahreT

nawayraK ” adap idutS uR P tikaS ham )CPSR( noberiC animatre .

.B nasumuR halasaM

.1 hakapA rak kitsiretkarak y noberiC animatreP tikaS hamuR id nawa ?

.2 gnires aparebeS ukalirep b pihsnezitic lanoitazinagro roivahe )BCO(

nakukalid gnay arap nawayrak tikaS hamuR noberiC animatreP ?

.3 eS takgnit iggnit apareb nawayrak ajrek nasaupek inalajnem malad

p id naajreke tikaS hamuR noberiC animatreP ?

.4 hakapA b pihsnezitic lanoitazinagro roivahe huragnepreb fitisop

?ajrek nasaupek padahret

.C naitileneP naujuT

.1 tikaS hamuR nawayrak kitsiretkarak iuhategneM .noberiC animatreP


7

.2 ukalirep gnires aparebes iuhategneM pihsnezitic lanoitazinagro

b roivahe helo nakukalid gnay )BCO( nawayrak tikaS hamuR

.noberiC animatreP

.3 takgnit iggnit aparebes iuhategneM malad nawayrak ajrek nasaupek

id aynnaajrekep inalajnem tikaS hamuR .noberiC animatreP

.4 hakapa iuhategneM lanoitazinagro b pihsnezitic roivahe huragnepreb

.ajrek nasaupek padahret fitisop

.D naitileneP taafnaM

.1 tikaS hamuR igaB

ini naitilenep lisaH isamrofni irebmem tapad nakparahid kahip adapek

mejanam ne tikaS hamuR noberiC animatreP awhab lanoitazinagro

roivaheb pihsnezitic ( BCO ) gnitnep kepsa nakapurem paites malad

o .naahasurep uata isasinagr noberiC animatreP tikaS hamuR tapad

nakharagnem adap BCO paites tapad raga nawayrak nakparenem

BCO ukalirep anerak ini lah ad atres sativitkefe naktakgninem tap

.isasinagro utaus pudih nagnusgnalek

.2 amrahD atanaS satisrevinU igaB

P tapad nakparahid ini naitilene gnatnet isamrofni nakirebmem

ayngnitnep roivaheb pihsnezitic lanoitazinagro ( BCO ) tapad nad

ayntujnales naitilenep nahab ipakgnelem akgnar malad kutnu

nauhategnep habmanem aggnihes kimedaka tapad kutnu anugreb


8

ayaD rebmuS nemejanaM gnadib aynsusuhk ,umli nagnabmegnep

.aisunaM

.3 siluneP igaB

ategnep habmaneM padahret fisneherpmok gnay nauh anemonef

b pihsnezitic lanoitazinagro roivahe )BCO( aggnihes silunep

imahamem ayngnitnep b pihsnezitic lanoitazinagro roivahe utaus igab

.laudividni nupuam isasinagro


9

II BAB

AKATSUP NAIJAK

.A nemejanaM

ataK nemejanam onuk sicnareP asahab irad lasareb tnemeganém ,

.rutagnem nad nakanaskalem ines itra ikilimem gnay nemejanam isinifeD

helo nakakumekid gnay itrepes ,ilha arap helo nakakumekid kaynab halet

telloF rekraP yrraM okodnaH inaH .T malad( )8002 , nemejanam awhab

akiaseleynem kutnu ines iagabes nial gnaro iulalem naajrekep n .

S nakgnade turunem renotS .F .A semaJ sesorp halada nemejanam awhab

ahasu nasawagnep nad ,naharagnep ,naisasinagrognep ,naanacnerep - ahasu

rebmus naanuggnep nad isasinagro atoggna arap - isasinagro ayad rebmus

aynnial naujut iapacnem raga tapad naikimed nagneD .nakpatetid gnay

m awhab naklupmisid nemejana nataigek sesorp naiakgnares halada

ay utnetret naujut iapacnem kutnu nial gnaro iulalem nakanaskalid gn

laudarg araces .isasinagro helo nakpatetid halet gnay naujut utaus haraek

turuneM iagabes nemejanam nakisinifednem niffirG .W ykciR

esorp haubes nad ,naisanidrookgnep ,naisasinagrognep ,naanacnerep s

( narasas iapacnem kutnu ayad rebmus nalortnognep slaog fitkefe araces )

nagned iauses iapacid tapad naujut awhab itrareb fitkefE .neisefe nad

ada gnay sagut awhab itrareb neisife aratnemes ,naanacnerep nakanaskalid

lawdaj nagned iauses nad ,risinagroret ,raneb araces .


01

.B aisunaM ayaD rebmuS nemejanaM

hadus inik )MDSM( aisunam ayad rebmus nemejanam halitsI

.ailanosrep halitsi nakitnaggnem ,relupop nikames halitsi numaN

nakanugid patet hisam ini ailanosrep uata isasinagro kaynab helo

nataigek inagnanem gnay nemetraped imahamem kutnu naahasurep -

nahitalep nad isasnepmok nairebmep ,iskeles ,naturkerep itrepes nataigek

.nawayrak aisunam ayad rebmus nemejanaM utaus halada umli arac uata

nanarep nad nagnubuh rutagnem anamiagab ayad rebmus )ajrek aganet(

helo ikilimid gnay udividni tapad atres fitkefe nad neisife araces

( naujut iapacret aggnihes lamiskam araces nakanugid laog amasreb )

.lamiskam idajnem takaraysam nad nawayrak ,naahasurep

kaynab halet aisunam ayad rebmus nemejanam naitregneP

guj ilha aparebeb helo nakakumekid halada aynaratnaid a m niwdE turune

.B oppilF m awhab )8002 ,okodnaH inaH .T malad( ayad rebmus nemejana

halada aisunam sesorp sasinagrognep ,naanacnerep naharagnep ,nai , nad

nasawagnep ,isasnepmok ,nagnabmegnep , gnep isargetni na ,naarahilemep ,

nad nasapelep narasas iapacnem kutnu aisunam ayad rebmus a naujut uat

udividni .takaraysam nad ,isasinagro , nakgnadeS malad( hcnerF turunem

8002 ,okodnaH inaH .T 3 : ayad rebmus nemejanam nakisinifednem )

naanuggnep ,nagnabmegnep ,iskeles ,nakiranep sesorp iagabes aisunam

turuneM .isasinagro utaus helo aisunam ayad rebmus naarahilemep nad

sata id isinifed aud 8002 ,okodnaH inaH .T( 4 : ) awhab naklupmisid tapad ,

,iskeles ,nakiranep sesorp halada aisunam ayad rebmus nemejanam


11

rebmus naanuggnep nad ,naarahilemep ,nagnabmegnep aisunam ayad

naujut iapacnem kutnu - .isasinagro nupuam udividni kiab naujut

.C isasinagrO ukalireP

halada isasinagrO olekes amasajrek metsis y gnaro kopm na g

nad naruta iaynupmem y naujut iapacnem kutnu utnetret natakiretek na g

.nakutnetid halet nakgnadeS .nakadnit nad pakis utaus halada ukalirep

p irad isinifed ,naikimed nagneD isasinagro ukalire )OP( halada utaus

,udividni ukal hakgnit irad huragnep ikidileynem gnay umli nilpisid

nakparenem naujut nagned isasinagro padahret rutkurts nad ,kopmolek

uhategnep .P nehpetS( isasinagro sativitkefe natakgninep kutnu tubesret na

.)6991 ,snibboR

gnatnet iduts iagabes lanekid aguj isasinagro ukalireP

.isasinagro gnay susuhk kimedaka haalet gnadib haubes halada ini idutS

irajalepmem isasinagro edotem naktaafnamem nagned , - irad edotem

imonoke , igoloisos , kitilop umli , igoloportna nad igolokisp nilpisiD . -

sid gnatnet iduts halada ini iduts nagned tiakret gnay nial nilpi ayad rebmus

aisunam nad irtsudni igolokisp . ,laisos umli aumes nagned aynlah itrepeS

kutnu ahasureb isasinagro ukalirep lortnognem , nakiskiderpmem nad ,

naksalejnem numaN . , irad site kapmad ianegnem isrevortnok halmujes ada

tahrep natasumep .ajrekep ukalirep padahret nai k helO ukalirep ,uti anera

( isasinagro utiay ,aynnagned natakedreb gnay iduts nad irtsudni igolokisp )

gnadak - gnay kahip igab haimli tala idajnem halet hudutid gnadak


21

.asaukreb nahudut irad sapelreT - nahudut uti o ukalirep , tapad isasinagr

malad gnitnep nanarep nakniamem isasinagro nagnabmekrep nad

nalisahrebek .ajrek

.D roivaheB pihsnezitiC lanoitazinagrO )BCO(

b pihsnezitic lanoitazinagrO roivahe )BCO( naklanekrepid ilak amatrep

nad otnayirT malad ;3891( ,.la te nagrO nad nameteB helo )9002 ,asotnaS

sahabid halet nad araces liated .8891 nuhat adap nagrO helo isinifeD

c lanoitazinagro pihsneziti roivaheb arap helo nakrapapid kaynab halet

aynaratnaid itilenep s naksalejid gnay itrepe nagrO helo awhab

b pihsnezitic lanoitazinagro roivahe )BCO( udividni ukalirep nakapurem

uata gnusgnal araces kadit gnay ,artske gnay malad ilanekid tapad tisilpske

upmam tagerga araces gnay nad ,lamrof gnay ajrek metsis utaus

sativitkefe naktakgninem isasinagro isgnuf . pihsnezitic lanoitazinagrO

b roivahe gnay mumu ukalirep arac nagned nagnubuhreb )BCO(

iagabes nawayrak helo nakkujnutid nahutubek idajnem nad nautnab

lamron naajrekep )9002 ,asotnaS nad otnayirT malad ;4002 ,ojrahiduB( .

nial gnay BCO isinifed aparebeB ( )9002 ,asotnaS nad otnayirT halada

:tukireb iagabes

.1 nagrO turuneM ajrek naasaibek irad laiseps epit haubes halada BCO

gnay nakapurem nad isasinagro kutnu nakgnutnugnem tagnas

iukaid tisilpske araces uata gnusgnal kadit araces ,hilimem nasabebek

lamrof naagrahgnep metsis helo .


31

.2 nagrO turuneM kadit ipatet ,nugnabmem gnay ukalirep halada BCO

malad kusamret noitpircsed boj nawayrak lamrof .

.3 nakakumegnem )9002 ,asotnaS nad otnayirT malad ;6991( snhoJ

awhab alerakus ukalirep kitsiretkarak ikilimem BCO kadit gnay

ispirksed malad kusamret uata naras apnat/natnops ukalirep ,natabaj

olonem tafisreb gnay ukalirep ,utnetret hatnirep gnay ukalirep atres ,gn

ajrenik isaulave iulalem ialinid atres tahilret hadum kadit .

.4 trahrhE turuneM gnay ukalirep iagabes nakisinifedid BCO

igolokisp nagnukgnil atres laisos naarahilemep nad ialin iggnitrepmem

.naajrekep lisah gnukudnem gnay

.5 noitazinagrO roivaheb pihsnezitic la nagned nagnubuhreb )BCO(

nagned nawayrak helo nasepid gnay laisosorp ukalirep ,lamrofni

ayrak utnabmem kutnu alerakus naajrekep utaus malad nial naw .

nial nawayrak gnolonem kutnu nakanugid gnay ukalirep iagabeS

,itsegus uata naras nautnab nakirebmem ,keyorp haubes nakiaseleynem

ajrek sagut malad fitisop gnay kilab napmu nakrawanem nad ( otnayirT

.)9002 ,asotnaS nad

)9002 ,asotnaS nad otnayirT malad ;8891 ,nagrO( naidumeK

O gnatnet isnemid amil nakisakifitnedignem BC gnisam gnay - ayngnisam

kinu tafisreb :utiay , nad ,ssensuoitneicsnoc ,eutriv civic ,ysetruoc ,msiurtla

.pihsnamstrops isnemid amil gnatnet nasalejnep ini tukireB ay BCO gn

nagrO helo nakakumekid :irad iridret ,


41

.a msiurtlA

S utau ukalirep nial gnaro nagnitnepek nakgnitnemem hibel gnay

nawayrak ,aynlasiM .aynidabirp nagnitnepek nagned nakgnidnabid

nial nawayrak utnabmem aynnaajrekep nagned iaseles hadus gnay

.tilus gnay naajrekep ipadahgnem malad

.b ysetruoC

ukalirep utaus nakkujnuneM hagecnem gnay nalaosrep aynlubmit

uata natagnirep nakirebmem nagned nial gnaro adap lucnum

isamrofni - .isamrofni gnuggnatreb ,isapisitrapreb alerakus araceS bawaj

halasam isatagnem malad tabilret nad - imed isasinagro halasam

.isasinagro nagnusgnalek

.c eutriV civiC

reT nagnusgnalek padahret iludep nad isasinagro sativitka malad tabil

isasinagro pudih . m ini isnemiD gnaroeses anam huajes nakujnune

nakajibek padahret isubirtnok nakirebmem - isasinagro malad nakajibek

bawaj gnuggnatreb araces . nakakumegnem fitka aguj nawayraK

nasagag - lah malad sinsib nagnukgnil itamagnem tuki atres aynnasagag

.gnaulep nad namacna

.d ssensuoitneicsnoC

naktakgninem kutnu alerakus ayapu nakkujnunem gnay ukalirep utauS

arac ajrenik raga fitaerk araces aynnaajrekep naknalajnem malad

fitavoni nad fitaerk naktabilem tubesret ukalireP .takgninem isasinagro


51

naktakgninem kutnu alerakus araces ajrekeb malad aynnaupmamek

.isasinagro natakgninep imed

.e pihsnamstropS

k utaus nakkujnuneM utaus malad nahatreb kutnu isnarelot/naalere

.hulegnem apnat nakgnaneynem kadit gnay naadaek ini ukalireP

nagnukgnil padahret iggnit gnay isnarelot ayad utaus nakkujnunem

.nakgnaneynem kadit nakhab uata gnaruk gnay

.E rotkaF - M gnay rotkaf BCO ihuragnepme

)8002 ,egduJ nad snibboR malad ;7991( rotcepS turuneM

nasaupek awhab nakakumegnem halada ajrek napudihek satilauk padahret

.nawayrak gnaroes irad BCO amatu utnenep taolS nad )5991( nagrO

nakakumegnem ,)8002( akasaruZ malad )9991( b gnay rotkaf aparebe

epmem ihuragn o lanoitazinagr c pihsneziti b ,roivahe aratna :nial

.1 O milkI nad ayaduB isasinagr

itkub tapadret ,)5991( nagrO turuneM - gnay tauk itkub

isidnok utaus nakapurem isasinagro ayadub awhab nakakumegnem

;9991( taolS .BCO aynidajret ucimem gnay amatu gnay lawa malad

nakukalem gnurednec nawayrak awhab tapadnepreb )7002 ,idailvoN

alibapa akerem ajrek bawaj gnuggnat iuapmalem gnay nakadnit

:akerem

.a .aynnaajrekep nagned saup asareM


61

.b arap irad naitahrep hunep nad fitrops gnay naukalrep amireneM

.sawagnep

.c awhab ayacreP .isasinagro helo lida nakukalrepid akerem

.2 H anasauS nad naidabirpeK ita

padahret huragnep iaynupmem itah anasaus nad naidabirpeK

feirB nad egroeG .kopmolek nupuam laudividni araces BCO ukalirep

aroeses nauamek awhab tapadnepreb )7002 ,idailvoN malad ;2991( gn

.itah anasaus helo ihuragnepid aguj nial gnaro utnabmem kutnu

ak utaus nakapurem naidabirpeK fitaler araces gnay kitsiretkar tapad

gnay kitsiretkarak nakapurem itah anasaus nakgnades ,patet nakatakid

habureb tapad - ah anasaus ikilimem gnaroeses akiJ .habu fitisop gnay it

gnaulep naktakgninem naka akam nabmem kutnu tubesret gnaroeses ut

.nial gnaro

.3 O nagnukuD padahreT ispesreP lanoisasinagr

)7002 ,idailvoN malad ;3991( enyaW nad erohS idutS

lanoisasinagro nagnukud padahret ispesrep awhab nakumenem

( deviecreP troppuS lanoitazinagrO rotkiderp idajnem tapad )SOP /

roivaheb pihsnezitic lanoitazinagro .)BCO( P ajreke asarem gnay

o helo gnukudid akerem awhab napmu nakirebmem naka isasinagr

aynkilab )kcabdeef( malad nagnabmieskaditek naknurunem nad

ned tubesret nagnubuh ukalirep malad tabilret nag pihsnezitic .


71

.4 nasatA iskaretnI/nagnubuH satilauK padahreT ispesreP -B nahawa

awhab nakakumegnem )7002 ,idailvoN malad ;8891( reniM

nasata iskaretni - nakirebmem naka iggnit satilaukreb gnay nahawab

upek ayntakgninem itrepes kapmad nad ,sativitkudorp ,ajrek nasa

.nawayrak ajrenik

.5 ajrek asaM

awhab nakakumegnem )7002 ,idailvoN malad ;0002( grebneerG

nimalek sinej nad ajrek asam itrepes lanosrep kitsiretkarak )redneg(

.BCO adap huragnepreb naitileneP - aynmulebes naitilenep

nakkujnunem nawayraK .BCO nagned isalerokreb ajrek asam awhab

natakedretek ikilimem naka isasinagro utaus id ajrekeb amal halet gnay

gnay ajrek asaM .tubesret isasinagro padahret tauk gnay natakiek naka

nawayrak isnetepmok nad irid ayacrep asar naktakgninem naka amal

nad naasarep naklubminem atres ,aynnaajrekep nakukalem malad

.aynnakajrekrepmem gnay isasinagro padahret fitisop ukalirep

.6 nimaleK sineJ

daP a nimalek sinej ispesrep )redneg( tapadret BCO padahret ini

alad atinaw nad airp aratna kolocnem pukuc gnay naadebrep ukalirep m

.ajrekeb akerem tapmet id laisos iskaretni nad gnolonem aynasaiB

hibel nad isaler nakutnebmep nakamatugnem gnurednec atinaw

.airp adapirad gnolonem ukalirep nakkujnunem BCO padahret ispesreP

naw anamid ,adebreb atinaw nad airp aratna ggnagnem ati BCO pa

gab nakapurem irad nai narep id akerem itkuB .airp gnidnab - itkub


81

isasilanretnignem gnurednec atinaw awhab nakkujnunem tubesret

naparah - sativitka nad naamasrebek asar ,kopmolek naparah - sativitka

frodnefeiD( akerem naajrekep irad naigab iagabes gnolonem ,.la te f

)7002 ,idailvoN malad ;2002

.F taafnaM roivaheB pihsnezitiC lanoitazinagrO )BCO(

B tapadret ini tukire taafnam aparebeb pihsnezitic lanoitazinagro

roivaheb igab isasinagro uata naahasurep id , :halada aynaratna

.1 naker sativitkudorp naktakgninem BCO ajrek .

.a gnay utnabmem ukalirep ,utkaw aynnalajreb nagned gnirieS

nakrabeynem naka nawayrak nakkujnutid tseb ecitcarp ek

.kopmolek uata ajrek tinu hurules

.b tapecrepmem nial ajrek naker gnolonem gnay nawayraK

sagut naiaseleynep adap nad ,aynajrek naker rihka yn a

naker sativitkudorp naktakgninem ajrek tubesret .

.2 rejanam sativitkudorp naktakgninem BCO .

.a ukalirep naklipmanem gnay nawayraK civic eutriv tapad

em rejanam utnabmem helorepm kilab napmu uata nad naras

inem kutnu ,tubesret nawayrak irad agrahreb gnay naktakgn

ajrek tinu sativitkefe .

.b kilfnok aynidajret iradnihgnem gnay ,napos gnay nawayraK

irad radnihret rejanam gnolonem naka ,ajrek naker nagned

.nemejanam sisirk


91

.3 nad nemejanam ikilimid gnay ayad rebmus tamehgnem BCO

.nahurulesek araces isasinagro

.a alibapA malad gnolonem gnolot gnilas nawayrak

lasam nakiaseleynem ha akam naajrekep utaus ulrep kadit

K .rejanam naktabilem iakamem tapad rejanam aynisneukesno

taubmem itrepes ,nial sagut nakukalem kutnu aynutkaw

.naanacnerep

.b naklipmanem gnay nawayraK uoitneicsnoc ssens iggnit gnay

rejanam irad laminim nasawagnep nakhutubmem aynah

bawaj gnuggnat nakisagelednem tapad aggnihes ayn hibel gnay

.akerem adapek raseb

.c malad urab nawayrak utnabmem gnay amal nawayraK

ajrek isatneiro nakukalem nad nahitalep tapad utnabmem

agro .tubesret naulrepek kutnu ayaib ignarugnem isasin

.d ukalirep naklipmanem gnay nawayraK pihsnamstrops tagnas

rejanam gnolonem ulalret utkaw naksibahgnem kadit kutnu

nem malad kaynab inagna nahulek - .nawayrak licek nahulek

.4 BCO pad a t m s igrene tamehgnem utnabme rebmu akgnal gnay ayad

kopmolek isgnuf arahilemem kutnu .

.a naktakgninem halada gnolonem ukalirep irad nagnutnueK

( lirom ,tagnames elarom ( natakerek nad ,) ssenevisehoc )

kopmolek .


02

.b ukalirep naklipmanem gnay nawayraK ysetruoc naker padahret

ajrek tapad narugnem aggnihes ,kopmolek malad kilfnok ig

kilfnok nakiaseleynem kutnu naksibahid gnay utkaw

gnarukreb nemejanam .

.5 OC gnem kutnu fitkefe anaras idajnem tapad B k nataigek isanidroo -

ajrek kopmolek nataigek .

.a ukalirep naklipmaneM c ivi c eutriv nad iridahgnem itrepes(

)aynajrek tinu id naumetrep malad fitka isapisitrapreb

gnay ,kopmolek atoggna aratnaid isanidrook utnabmem

efe naktakgninem laisnetop araces aynrihka nad sativitk

kopmolek isneisife .

.b ukalirep naklipmaneM c ysetruo m gnilas aynlasim( irebme

naka )nial mit irad atoggna nagned naajrekep gnatnet isamrofni

utkaw nakhutubmem gnay halasam aynlucnum iradnihgnem

.nakiaselesid kutnu aganet nad

.6 OC B tapad nad kiranem kutnu isasinagro naupmamek naktakgninem

kiabret nawayrak naknahatrepmem .

.a kalireP natakerek nad lirom naktakgninem tapad gnolonem u

,kopmolek atoggna aratnaid ikilimem gnilas naasarep atres

nad isasinagro ajrenik naktakgninem aggnihes utnabmem

kiranem isasinagro atres b gnay nawayrak naknahatrepmem kia .

.b irebmeM nak c l nawayrak adap hotno naklipmanem nagned nia

ukalirep pihsnamtrops erak hulegnem kadit aynlasim( an


12

nahalasamrep - ek nahalasamrep c nakhubmunem naka )li

.isasinagro adap nemtimok nad satilayol

.7 OC B tapad isasinagro ajrenik satilibats naktakgninem .

.a nawayrak sagut utnabmeM gnay tareb ajrek nabeb iaynupmem

m naka satilibats naktakgnine ajrek tinu ajrenik irad .

.b gnay nawayraK c sno c suouitnei c naknahatrepmem gnuredne

es iggnit gnay ajrenik takgnit c netsisnok ara .

.8 OC B tapad isatpadareb kutnu isasinagro naupmamek naktakgninem

urep nagned nagnukgnil nahab .

.a mem gnay nawayraK rasap nagned fitarepook gnay isaler ikili

gnatnet isamrofni irebmem alerakus araces tapad nahaburep

nad nagnukgnil id idajret gnay tubesret nahaburep nopserem ,

nagro aggnihes tapad isasi nakiauseynem nagned aadaek n

nukgnil .tubesret nag

.b K gnay nawayra fitka isapisitrapreb malad naumetrep -

agro id naumetrep isasin tapad rabeynem utnabmem naksaul

isamrofni nad tapadid gnay isasinagro helo iuhatekid .

.c em gnay nawayraK ikilim ukalirep c sno c ssensuoitnei tapad

naupmamek naktakgninem isatpada isasinagro nagned

.aynnagnukgnil id idajret gnay nahaburep


22

.G K K nasaupe ajre

utaus halada ajrek nasaupek )701:8002( edguJ nad snibboR turuneM

irad lisah nakapurem gnay gnaroeses naajrekep gnatnet fitisop naasarep

.aynkitsiretkarak isaulave haubes nakrabmaggnem hibel ajrek nasaupeK

.ukalirep adapirad pakis naasarep naknimrecnem ajrek nasaupeK

inI .aynnaajrekep padahret gnaroeses halada pakis malad kapmad fitisop

k id ipadahid gnay utauses alages nad naajrekep padahret nawayra

.aynajrek nagnukgnil adA amil pmem tapad gnay rotkaf nasaupek ihuragne

ajrek , rotkaf - rotkaf :nial aratna tubesret

.1 nalipmaretek utaus nakulremem naajrekep paites ,iridnes uti naajrekeP

gnisaam ayngnadib nagned iauses utnetret - aynkadit hasuS .gnisam

aynnailhaek awhab gnaroeses naasarep atres naajrekep utaus

aktakgninem naka ,tubesret naajrekep nakukalem malad nakhutubid n

.ajrek nasaupek ignarugnem uata

.2 nasatA ,)noisivrepus( iagrahgnem uam itrareb kiab gnay nasata

iagabes paggnaid tapad nasata ,nahawab igaB .aynnahawab naajrekep

rugif /ubi/haya .aynnasata sugilakes nad namet

.3 ajrekes nameT ,)srekrow( b gnay rotkaf nakapurem nagned nagnubuhre

,nial iawagep nagned nad aynnasata nagned iawagep aratna nagnubuh

.aynnaajrekep sinej adebreb gnay nupuam amas gnay kiab

.4 isomorP ,)noitomorp( ada nagned nagnubuhreb gnay rotkaf nakapurem

k natakgninep helorepmem kutnu natapmesek aynkadit amales reira

.ajrekeb


32

.5 hapu uata ijaG ,)yap( pudih nahutubek nahunemep rotkaf nakapurem

.kadit uata kayal paggnaid gnay iawagep

gnay rotkaf ada anerak kutnebret tapad nawayrak ajrek nasaupeK

.aynignakalebratalem aparebeb ada )181:6991( snibboR turuneM airav leb

gnay tapad nial aratna ajrek nasaupek nakutnenem :

.1 K jre gnatnanem latnem araces gnay a

naajrekep iakuynem gnurednec hibel nawayraK - gnay naajrekep

nad nalipmaretek nakanuggnem kutnu natapmesek akerem irebmem

,sagut magareb nakrawanem nad akerem naupmamek nad ,nasabebek

naajrekeP .nakajregnem akerem kiab apateb ianegnem kilab napmu

gnay ipatet ,nanasobek nakatpicnem naka gnatnanem gnaruk gnay

.lagag naasarep nad isartsurf nakatpicnem naka gnatnanem kaynab

.2 satnap gnay narajnaG

idaek iagabes tahilid hapu aliB natutnut adap nakrasadid gnay nal

nahapugnep radnats nad ,udividni nalipmaretek takgnit ,naajrekep

utneT .ajrek nasaupek naklisahid naka raseb nanikgnumek ,satinumok

.gnau rajegnem gnaro aumes kadit amirenem aidesreb gnaro kaynaB

licek hibel gnay gnau kiab hibel gnay isakol malad ajrekeb kutnu

malad raseb gnaruk aynnatutnut gnay naajrekep malad uata naknigniid

maj nad nakukal akerem gnay ajrek - .akerem ajrek maj isomorP

bawaj gnuggnat ,idabirp nahubmutrep kutnu natapmesek nakirebmem

nad ,kaynab hibel gnay anerak helO .naktakgnitid gnay laisos sutats

nawayrak ,uti - nasutupek awhab nakispesrepmem gnay nawayrak


42

naka raseb nanikgnumek lida hibel gnay arac malad taubid isomorp

.akerem naajrekep malad nasaupek imalagnem

.3 Ko gnukudnem gnay ajrek isidn

iludep nawayraK nanamaynek kutnu kiab ajrek nagnukgnil padahret

.kiab gnay sagut nakajregnem nakhadumem kutnu nupuam idabirp

naadaek iakuynem hibel nawayrak awhab nakagarepmem naitileneP

rutarepmet ,aynlasiM .naktoperem uata ayahabreb kadit gnay kisif

rotkaf nad ayahac -f iD .mertske kadit aynsurahes nial nagnukgnil rotko

taked ajrekeb iakuynem hibel nawayrak nakaynabek ,uti gnipmas

natalarep nagned nad ,nredom nad hisreb gnay satilisaf ,hamur nagned

.iadamem gnay

.4 nakeR gnukudnem gnay ajrek

ajrek ,nawayrak nakaynabek igaB nahutubek isignem tapad aguj

.laisos iskaretni iaynupmem alib naktujegnem halkadit ,uti anerak helO

nasaupek ek nakratnagnem gnukudnem nad hamar gnay ajrekes naker

.takgninem gnay ajrek lah nakapurem aguj nasata gnaroes ukalireP

.ajrek nasaupek irad amatu awhab naktapadnem naitilenep aynmumU

pakisreb gnusgnal aileynep alib naktakgnitid nawayrak nasaupek

k kutnu naijup nakrawanem ,imahamem tapad nad hamar gnay ajreni

p nakragnednem ,kiab utaus nakkujnunem nad ,nawayrak tapadne

.akerem adap idabirp tanim

.5 useseK aidabirpek naia asaib ,naajrekep nagned n epit gnay gnaro ayn

gnay naajrekep nagned )nugnabes nad amas( neurgnok aynnaidabirpek


52

iaynupmem akerem awhab naktapadnem aynsurahes hilip akerem

nad takab irad natutnut ihunemem kutnu tapet gnay naupmamek

m naajrekep .akere nanikgnumek raseb hibel naka naikimed nagneD

adap lisahreb kutnu d ,tubesret naajrekep ,ini seskus anerak na

iaynupmem gnay naidajhelobek nasaupek iapacnem kutnu raseb hibel

.akerem ajrek malad irad iggnit gnay

.H aynmulebeS naitileneP

,nemejanam lanruj malaD sugA htebasilE ehT nad otnayirT aytniC

asotnaS )9002( padahret BCO huragnep ianegnem natilenep nakukalem

.ajrek nasaupek nad raulek nanigniek kutnu naujutreb ini naitileneP

nigniek padahret huragnepreb tubesret BCO hakapa iuhategnem raulek na

araces fitagen adap fitisop araces ajrek nasaupek nad id naisilopek atoggna

”X“ troser nagnukgnil id hayaliw .taraB awaJ nakitkubmem ini naitileneP

awhab araces huragnepreb nad fitisop gnay nagnubuh ikilimem BCO

.raulek nanigniek padahret fitisop awhab nakisakidnignem tubesret laH

tarsah iaynupmem ilakes natner BCO nakasarem nawayrak iggnit nikames

.isasinagro irad raulek kutnu nagned gnakaleb kalotreb ini naitilenep lisaH

ay apa nad dilahK helo nakukalid halet gn .)5002( ilA eP gnay naitilen

ukalid nad dilahK nak gnay nagnubuh aynada naklisahgnem )5002( ilA

araces fitagen huragnepreb nad raulek nanigniek padahret BCO aratna tauk

kadit ini naitileneP .letoh nawayrak arap nednoprer nagned nakifingis

sisnok nad dilahK naitilenep padahret net m )5002( ilA 1 sisetopih aka nad 3


62

utiay ,adebreb ini naitilenep adap nednopser anerak ,gnukudid kadit

malad nakraulekid namacna ikilimem kadit gnay inrum naisilopek atoggna

gnay naasarep halada aynkapmad iagabes aynnaajrekep nakukalem

ubuh nasutumep namacna irad namayn nanigniek aggnihes ajrek nagn

padahret fitagen nupuam fitisop huragnepreb kadit nakatakid tapad raulek

ini lah malad nawayrak naikimed nagneD .aynnaajrekep nagnusgnalek

akam isasinagro padahret iggnit gnay BCO ikilimem naisilopek atoggna

naktakgninem naka raulek nanigniek .

nagnubuhreb gnay fitisop isome irad naigab halada ajrek nasaupeK

.)2002 ,salguoD malad ;3991 ,la te erohsaeS( naajrekep nagned lisaH

nad fitisop nagnubuh aynada awhab nakkujnunem raenil iserger sisilana

nakifingis gnay huragnep ikilimem .ajrek nasaupek padahret BCO aratna

asar halada ajrek nagnukgnil malad helorepid tapad gnay ajrek nasaupeK

.satnut iapmas sagut nakanaskalem nalisahrebek sata saup ,aggnab

natamrohgnep ,laisos sutats gnaroeses nakirebmem tubesret nalisahrebeK

naukagnep nad malad ;5891 ,onotraK( takaraysam nagnukgnil irad

atoggna nakapurem ini naitilenep malad lepmas aumeS .)5002 ,nawaiteS

,taraB awaJ hayaliw id ”X“ troseR adap ajrekeb gnay inrum naisilopek

naikimed nagneD .aragen idba halada aumes akerem nial atak nagned

ak iggnit gnay BCO ikilimem naisilopek atoggna ini lah malad nawayr

nawayrak ajrek nasaupek naktakgninem naka akam isasinagro padahret

.tubesret


72

.I naitileneP akgnareK

nakidajid gnay narikimep akgnarek nakrabmagid tapad ini tukireB

malad narikimep rasad .ini naitilenep et akgnareK rasad nakapurem tubesr

kutnu narikimep .ini naitilenep adap sisilana nakukalem

rabmaG .2 1

naitileneP akgnareK

H

.J sisetopiH

ijuid surah gnay lah ianegnem naataynrep nakapurem sisetopiH

.)23:6002 ,hamalaS( aynnaranebek iagabes nakitraid tapad sisetopiH

naitilenep irad aratnemes nabawaj .aynnaranebek nakitkubid iapmas ini

nasaupek )701:8002( edguJ nad snibboR turunem ajrek nasaupeK

gnay gnaroeses naajrekep gnatnet fitisop naasarep utaus halada ajrek

.aynkitsiretkarak isaulave haubes irad lisah nakapurem nakgnadeS

hsnezitic lanoitazinagro b pi roivahe halada )BCO( gnay udividni ukalirep

,artske malad ilanekid tapad tisilpske uata gnusgnal araces kadit gnay

upmam tagerga araces gnay nad ,lamrof gnay ajrek metsis utaus

.)8891 ,nagrO( isasinagro isgnuf sativitkefe naktakgninem

pihsnezitiC lanoitazinagrO roivaheB )BCO(

.1 msiurtlA

.2 ysetruoC

.3 eutriV civiC

.4 ssensuoitneicsnoC

.5 pihsnamtropS

ajreK nasaupeK .1 ijaG .2 isomorP .3 ajrekes nakeR .4 nasatA .5 iridnes uti naajrekeP


82

irid malad rotkaf adap naitahrep naktasumem ini nasaupek iroeT

eses nad ,gnukudnem ,nakharagnem ,naktaugnem gnay gnaro

nosbiG( nakitnehgnem .la te .)3002 , k ,snibboR turuneM nasaupe idajret

nahutubek alibapa - ned tiakret nad ihunepret hadus udividni nahutubek nag

ditek nad naakusek tajared nawayrak nagned naktiakid naakuska ;

pakis nakapurem nawayrak helo ikilimid gnay mumu tare gnay nagned

nalabmi - gnay nalabmi ikay akerem naka in id nakukalem haletes amiret

.nanabrognep haubes

htebasilE ehT nad otnayirT sugA asotnaS aytniC )9002(

huragnep ianegnem naitilenep nakukalem pihsnezitic lanoitazinagro

roivaheb atoggna adap ajrek nasaupek nad raulek nanigniek padahret

id ”X“ troser nagnukgnil id naisilopek hayaliw .taraB awaJ D mala

akerem naitilenep awhab nakakumegnem mumu araces gnay nawayrak

lisah sata naagrahgnep naknignignem aynnaajrekep nagned saup asarem

naker nagned kiab nagnubuh ikilimem ,aynnakukalid gnay kiab ajrenik

laH .tubesret isasinagro malad naajrekep naktujnalem nad ,ajrek itrareb ini

awhab em nawayrak gnay ajrek tapmet idajnem aynisasinagro naknignign

nawayraK .gnatad naka gnay asam id nupuam gnarakes taas adap kiab

aynajrenik isatnemelpmi nad lisah adap isartnesnokreb aynah kadit aguj

kusek nad sagut naiaseleynep adap isartnesnok hibel aguj ipatet ajas nases

.isasinagro naidumeK naker utnabmem alerakus araces gnay nawayrak ,

nagnukud nakirebmem ,aynnaajrekep nagned nagnubuhreb gnay ajrek


92

grahgnep kutneb iagabes isasinagro malad ajrek naker adap irad naa

.aynajrenik nalipmanep

,naikimed nagneD agudid tapad awhab pihsnezitic lanoitazinagro

roivaheb ikilimem anerak ajrek nasaupek padahret fitisop huragnep tapad

aupek naktakgninem nawayrak adap ajrek nas . naataynrep iraD ,sata id

akam nakujagnem silunep :tukireb iagabes sisetopih

:H O lanoitazinagr c pihsneziti b roivahe fitisop araces huragnepreb )BCO(

.ajrek nasaupek padahret


03

III BAB

NAITILENEP EDOTEM

.A naitileneP keybO nad keybuS

:halada ini naitilenep malad nakanugid gnay keybo nad keybuS

.1 naitilenep malad narasas idajnem gnay gnaro halada naitilenep keybuS

malad keybuS .silunep adapek isamrofni nakirebmem naka gnay nad

gnaro halada ini naitilenep - utiay ,nednopser nakidajid gnay gnaro arap

sidem non nawayrak animatreP tikaS hamuR tawarep nad .noberiC

.2 naka gnay nad rukuid asib gnay lebairav halada naitilenep keybO

arap ikilimid gnay BCO halada ini naitilenep keybO .silunep itiletid

.nawayrak arap nakasarid gnay ajrek nasaupek nad nawayrak

.B naitileneP isakoL nad utkaW

aitilenep isakol nad utkaW :halada n

.1 ka naitilenep utkaW inuJ nalub adap nakanaskalid na .2102 nuhat

.2 tikaS hamuR halada ini naitilenep isakoL .noberiC animatreP

.C naitileneP lebairaV

tafis uata tubirta utaus halada naitilenep lebairaV - ialin uata tafis

uata ,keybo ,gnaroeses irad gnay utnetret isairav iaynupmem gnay nataigek

jalepid kutnu itilenep helo nakpatetid aynnalupmisek kiratid nad ira

( guS 4002 ,onoi halada nakanugid gnay lebairav ,ini naitilenep malaD .) :


13

.1 O b pihsnezitic lanoitazinagr roivahe )BCO( lebairav iagabes

nednepedni irad iridret gnay : ,eutriv civic ,ysetruoc ,msiurtla

,ssensuoitneicsnoc nad .pihsnamstrops

.2 K irad iridret gnay nedneped lebairav iagabes ajrek nasaupe : ,ijag

.iridnes uti naajrekep nad ,nasata ,ajrekes naker ,isomorp

.D lanoisarepO isinifeD

.1 grO lanoitazina )BCO( roivaheB pihsnezitiC

roivaheb pihsnezitic lanoitazinagrO gnay ukalirep halada

ihibelem nad isasinagro isgnuf sativitkefe padahret isubirtnokreb

( nakparahid gnay narep natutnut artxe - elor .) aynmumu ini ukalireP

ekep natutnut padahret nataatek itupilem tafisreb gnay kiab ,naajr

tisilpske nupuam tisilpmi atres ,fitkurtsnok ,fitisop tafisreb nad

pus fitro . padahret renoiseuk iulalem rukuid ini fitisop ukalireP

isnemid - :isnemid

.a msiurtlA

msiurtlA halada ukalirep utaus utid gnay n kuj k kutnu na utnabmem

gnaro em malad )ajrek naker( nial lah nakiaseleyn - gnay lah

natiakreb kutneb( naajrekep nagned ukalirep :aynlasim ini

irebmem utnab adapek na ,ridah nagnalahreb gnay nawayrak

gnades gnay nawayrak sagut nakiaseleynem utnabmem

abmem ,tareb gnay sagut nabeb helorepmem isatneiro sesorp utn

gnuggnat nakub nupilakes urab nawayrak naaidesek ,aynbawaj


23

tiakret halasam ikilimem gnay nial nawayrak utnabmem kutnu

adapek nautnab nakirebmem aides pais ulales ,naajrekep nagned

id nial nawayrak .)aynratikes

.b ssensuoitneicsnoC

ssensuoitneicsnoC halada utaus nagned natiakreb gnay ukalirep

isasinagro malad ukalreb gnay naruta padahret nahutapek

aynlasim( : tapmet id naridahek nagned natiakreb gnay ukalirep

atres ,ukalreb gnay metsis nad naruta padahret nahutapek ,ajrek

nataafnamep .)taharitsi utkaw

.c pihsnamtropS

pihsnamtropS halada utaus ukalirep gnay isidnok rirelotnem -

gnay laedi isidnok nagned iauses kadit gnay isasinagro isidnok

halasam nakhulegnem kadit :aynlasim( nakparahid - gnay halasam

lah adap sukof ,elepes - p malad fitisop lah nakgnidnabid naahasure

iracnem kadit ,halas gnay apa nagned - sativitka irad nahalasek irac

hibelem kadit nad ,isasinagro - aggnihes licek halasam nakhibel

.)raseb idajnem

.d ysetruoC

ysetruoC halada utaus ukalirep kujnunem gnay k naalerakusek na

nagned utnu naujut halasam aynlucnum hagecnem k - halasam

lawa nakadnit libmagnem :aynlasim( ajrek naker nagned naajrekep

,nial nawayrak nagned halasam aynidajret isapisitnagnem kutnu

naajrekep ihuragnepmem tapad aynukalirep anamiagab iradaynem


33

kanughalaynem kadit ,nial gnaro ikilimid gnay nagnanewek na

aynukalirep kapmad nakgnabmitrepmem ,nial nawayrak padahret

.)ajrek naker padahret

.e eutriV civiC

eutriv civiC halada kujnunem gnay ukalirep utaus k na gnuggnat

iagabes naajrekep malad aynhunepes irid naktabilem nad bawaj

kutneb gnuggnat nagnusgnalek nakitahrepmem atres bawaj pudih

gnitnep ialinid gnay tapar iridahgnem :aynlasim( isasinagro

kadit gnay naumetrep iridahgnem ,nakbijawid kadit nupilakes

,naahasurep artic agajnem utnabmem numan ,gnitnep ulalret

alad nahaburep itukignem iuhategnem nad acabmem ,isasinagro m

.)isasinagro ratupes namumugnep

.2 ajreK nasaupeK

m ,naksalejid halet gnay itrepeS edguJ nad snibboR turune

gnatnet fitisop naasarep utaus halada ajrek nasaupek )701:8002(

ubes irad lisah nakapurem gnay gnaroeses naajrekep isaulave ha

.aynkitsiretkarak gnaroeses naasarep naknimrecnem ajrek nasaupeK

aynnaajrekep padahret . rotakidnI - :ajrek nasaupek rotakidni

.a halada ijaG nawayrak adapek nakrayabid gnay laisnanif nalabmi

,naluwrutac ,nanalub ,nauggnim itrepes ,rutaret araces uata

.nanuhat


43

.b ( nasatA noisivrepus irebmem asaitnanes gnay gnaroeses halada )

.aynnaajrekep nakukalem malad kujnutep uata hatnirep

.c halada ajrekes nameT namet - gnaroeses apais adapek gnay namet

.naajrekep naanaskalep malad iskaretnireb asaitnanes

.d tiay isomorP u helorepmem kutnu natapmesek aynkadit uata ada

.ajrekeb amalas reirak natakgninep nakasarem tapad gnaroeseS

,kadit uata natabaj kian kutnu raseb gnay nanikgnumek aynada

.akubret uata akubret gnaruk natabaj nakianek sesorp

.e iridnes uti naajrekeP ulave utiay takgnit padahret nawayrak isa

nakiaseleynem akitek nawayrak ipadahid surah gnay natilusek

aynnaajrekep .

.E lepmaS nad isalupoP

.1 isalupoP

naitilenep keybus nahurulesek iagabes nakisinifedid isalupoP

.)0102 ,iqahiaB malad ;8991 ,otnukirA( malad isalupoP i naitilenep in

tikaS hamuR nawayrak hurules halada .noberiC animatreP

.2 lepmaS

isalupop irad naigab nakapurem lepmaS .)031:7002 ,N onoweojideoB(

lepmas ,ini naitilenep adaP gnay d naka libmai nad tawarep halada

,sidem non nawayrak bes sumur nakanuggnem nagned :tukireb iaga

n = 𝑁1+𝑁(𝑒)2


53

:nagnareteK

n : s halmuJ lepma

isalupop halmuJ : N

e enep malad( isiserp ialin : 5 rasebes nakutnetid ini naitil )%

:tukireb iagabes nagnutihrep nagneD

n = 011 + 161+ 171 (0, 50 )2 87,911 = nednopser 021 idajnem naktalubid

kutnU :utiay ,tawarep lepmas halmuj nakutnenem

N tawarep = 𝑎𝑙𝑚𝑢𝑗 ℎ 𝑡𝑎𝑤𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑝𝑁

𝑥 𝑛

n tawarep = 011171

𝑥 021 nednopser 77 idajnem naktalubid 91,77 =

akutnenem kutnU libmagnem itilenep sidem non lepmas halmuj n

utiay ,naigab mane idajnem lepmas :

n non sidem = 𝑎𝑙𝑚𝑢𝑗 ℎ 𝑛𝑎𝑤𝑎𝑦𝑟𝑎𝑘 𝑛𝑜𝑛 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑚𝑁

𝑥 𝑛

n = sidem non 16171 nednopser 34 idajnem naktalubid 08,24 = 021 x

malad silunep nasalA libmagnem lepmas itilenem nigni itilenep utiay

t nawayrak nawayrak kusamret kadit nad pate tuo cruos gni . anerak helO

non nawayrak nad tawarep lepmas libmagnem aynah itilenep uti

.sidem

.F lepmaS nalibmagneP kinkeT

nakanugid gnay lepmas nalibmagnep kinkeT adap ini naitilenep

utiay nakanuggnem nagned evnoc ecnein gnilpmas kinket nakapurem

nautnenep lepmas gnay nakrasadreb atoggna nahadumek nad nalutebek


63

uata nednopser idajnem aidesreb atres itilenep iumetid gnay isalupop

.lepmas nakidajid

.G kinkeT ataD nalupmugneP

p kinkeT atad nalupmugne halada ini naitilenep adap iulalem

rabeynep euk na renois nednopser adapek aud irad iridret gnay ,ruku tala

utiay ,lebairav paites ilikawem ruku tala paites anamid lanoitazinagro

roivaheb pihsnezitic )BCO( .ajrek nasaupek nad turuneM ramU niesuH

2002( 101: ) gnay atad nalupmugnep tala haubes nakapurem renoiseuk

esret atad aynitnan .utnetret isamrofni naklisahgnem kutnu haloid naka tub

nagned nakukalid renoiseuk atad nalupmugnep nad narabeynep sesorP

.naitilenep kejbo idajnem gnay tapmet id gnusgnal araces silunep nasalA

narabeynep iualem kinket nakanuggnem euk araces renois gnusgnal adapek

utiay nednopser ep raga nad aganet ,utkaw tamehgnem tapad itilen .ayaib

helo nakukalid renoiseuk naisignep ini lah malaD nawayrak sidem non nad

tawarep tikaS hamuR .noberiC animatreP

nakanugid gnay silutret naaynatrep halmujes halada renoiseuK

gnatnet naropal itra malad nednopser irad isamrofni helorepmem kutnu

lah uata aynidabirp - .)931:8991 ,otnukirA( iuhatek ai gnay lah renoiseuK

nakanugid .fitatitnauk remirp atad nalupmugnep kutnu K niasedid renoiseu

nakparahid aggnihes apur naikimedes bawajnem tapad nednopser aumes

uata malad aretret gnay naataynrep nupuam naaynatrep aumes isignem

tarus aguj iatresid naka nakigabid gnay renoiseuK .tubesret renoiseuk


73

ep enoiseuk naisignep nanohomr r, ad at - nednopser ifargomed atad nad ,

ianegnem nasalejnep renoiseuk naisignep .

.H ataD rebmuS

.1 remirP ataD

.aynrebmus irad gnusgnal helorepid gnay atad halada remirp ataD ataD

.renoiseuk naisignep irad lisah utiay ini naitilenep malad remirp

.2 rednukeS ataD

ataD orepid gnay atad halada rednukes nalupmugnep lisah irad hel

utnetret kahip . atad utiay ini naitilenep malad rednukes ataD - atad

tikaS hamuR mumu narabmag ianegnem noberiC animatreP rutaretil -

,rutaretil nad lanruj - uluhadret naitilenep lanruj .

.I aijugneP kinkeT nemurtsnI n

uluhad hibelret ulrep silunep sisilana nakukalem mulebeS nakadaid

naijugnep satilamron satilibailer nad rukugnep tala iagabes renoiseuk irad

uata nakanugid tapad hadus helorepid gnay atad hakapa iuhategnem kutnu

.muleb

.1 satilamroN ijU

turuneM nakanugid satilamron iju )69:2102( onowraS nahtanoJ

tubesret atad hakapa isavresbo atad naijugnep nakukalem kutnu

.kadit uata lamron isubirtsidreb ep aggniheS iuhategnem tapad itilen

uata lamron isubirtsidreb naitilenep lisah irad helorepid gnay atad


83

.kadit nakanugid gnay sisilana talA satilamron takgnit rukugnem kutnu

halada atad rogomloK nagned satilamron iju kinket vo - vonrimS

vorogomloK ijU .tseT tiF fo ssendooG - tiF fo ssendooG vonrimS

lepmas malad ialin isubirtsid hakapa iuhategnem kutnu nakanugid

iauses atad satilamron aynlasim ,utnetret sitiroet isubirtsid nagned

ini satilamron iju kinkeT .)79 :2102 ,onowraS( margorp nakanuggnem

61 SSPS 0. . atad satilamron risfanem araC iagabes sisetopih taubid

:tukireb

H0 lamron isubirtsidreb atad =

H 1 idreb kadit atad = lamron isubirts

:tukireb iagabes sisetopih iju airetirk nakutnenem kutnU

gis akiJ ≤ 50,0 akam H 0 H ,kalotid 1 amiretid .

gis akiJ ≥ 50,0 akam H 0 H ,amiretid 1 kalotid .

.2 ataD satilibaileR ijU

helo iapacid gnay roks isnetsisnok naruku nakapurem satilibaileR

aynkokop edi gnay ,adebreb gnay natapmesek adap amas gnay gnaro

ydderF( ayacrepid tapad narukugnep utaus lisah anam huajes halada

.)87:2002 ,itukgnaR T tala utaus satilibailer aynhadner iggni ruku

satilibailer neisifeok akgna aynraseb helo nakutnetid ( ) ini akgnA .

iulalem helorepid kinket hcabnorC ahplA s’ ( ) nagned gnutihid gnay

nem 61 SSPS margorp nautnab nakanugg 0. . ini neisifeok akgnA


93

aggnihes ,utnetret airetirk nagned nakgnidnabid naidumek helorepid

.aynsatilibailer takgnit

sumuR hcabnorC ahplA s’ :

𝑟 11 = � 𝐾(𝐾−1)

� �1 − ∑ 𝜎2

𝑏𝜎2

𝑡�

:nagnareteK

𝑟 11 bailer : satilili

𝑘 ∶ kaynab laos uata naaynatrep ritub ayn

∑ 𝜎2𝑏 ritub nairav halmuj :

𝜎2𝑡 latot nairav :

utnenem kutnU nak nemurtsni elbailer kadit uata elbailer

iagabes nautnetek nakanugid kireb u :t

.a r akiJ gnutih > arat nagned lebat r atad akam ,%59 nanikayek f

nakatakid tubesret elbailer .

.b r akiJ gnutih < arat nagned lebat r atad akam ,%59 nanikayek f

kadit nakatakid tubesret elbailer .

.J kinkeT ataD sisilanA

.1 fitpirkseD sisilanA

sisilana utiay fitpirksed sisilanA kutnu nakanugid gnay

sisilanagnem nakrabmaggnem uata nakispirksednem arac nagned atad

duskam apnat aynada anamiagabes lupmukret halet gnay atad

mumu kutnu ukalreb gnay nalupmisek taubmem isasilareneg nad


04

nad gnitniG( :8002 ,gnaromutiS .)781 isgnufreb tubesret atad ispirkseD

malad pukacret gnay ini naitilenep irad isi nakrapamem kutnu

.atad libmagnem kutnu nakanugid gnay renoiseuk gnay ataD

lisah utiay ini naitilenep malad lupmukret atad naidumek renoiseuk

pirksed sisilana nakanuggnem haloid tubesret orp nagned fit SSPS marg

61 0. .

r adaP 3 nad ,2 ,1 halasam nasumu itilenep sisilana nakanuggnem

.fitpirksed utiay 1 halasam nasumur kutnu lawa pahaT nagned

m opmolegne k atad nak - nejes gnay atad aynlasim si nimalek sinej ,

kutnu esatnesrep nad isneukerf nakanuggnem naidumek

tad nakrabmaggnem ifargomed a nimalek sinej .nednopser arap

p naidumeK r ada 3 nad 2 halasam nasumu utiay kanuggnem atar na - atar

)naem( nakutnenem kutnu ikilimid gnay BCO iggnit aparebes

iggnit aparebes nad nawayrak takgnit nawayrak ajrek nasaupek .

.a :utiay BCO iggnit aparebes nakutnenem kutnu lawa pahaT

)1 eM gnutihgn adapek nakigabid gnay renoiseuk adap roks

tes nednopser pai .trekil alaks nakanuggnem nagned naialineP

:tukireb iagabes tubesret

)a 1 ialin nagned hanrep kadiT

)b 2 ialin nagned gnaraJ

)c gnadaK - 3 ialin nagned gnadak

)d 4 ialin nagned gnireS

)e 5 ialin nagned ulaleS


14

)2 nakhalmujneM atar - isam irad atar gn - nednopser gnisam

arac nagned : 𝑎𝑙𝑚𝑢𝑗 ℎ 𝑟𝑜𝑘𝑠 𝑛𝑒𝑑𝑛𝑜𝑝𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑚𝑢𝑗 ℎ 𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑖

)3 gnutihgneM ialin atar - nednopser aumes atar :arac nagned

𝑎𝑙𝑚𝑢𝑗 ℎ 𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑟 − 𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑟 𝑎𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑠 𝑛𝑒𝑑𝑛𝑜𝑝𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑚𝑢𝑗 ℎ 𝑛𝑒𝑑𝑛𝑜𝑝𝑠𝑒𝑟

)4 kireb iagabes halada airetirk pait naialinep alakS :tu

)a 00,1 – 97,1 hanrep kadiT :

)b 08,1 – 95,2 gnaraJ :

)c 06,2 – 93,3 gnadaK : - gnadak

)d 04,3 – 91,4 gnireS :

)e 02,4 – 5 ulaleS :

.b :utiay ajrek nasaupek iggnit aparebes nakutnenem kutnu lawa pahaT

)1 gnutihgneM adapek nakigabid gnay renoiseuk adap roks

naialineP .trekil alaks nakanuggnem nagned nednopser paites

:tukireb iagabes tubesret

nabawaJ nahiliP fitisoP metI rokS fitageN metI rokS

ujuteS kadiT tagnaS 1 5

ujuteS kadiT 2 4

larteN 3 3

ujuteS 4 2

tagnaS ujuteS 5 1

)2 gnutihgneM atar - atar roks gnisam irad - nednopser gnisam

:arac nagned 𝑎𝑙𝑚𝑢𝑗 ℎ 𝑟𝑜𝑘𝑠 𝑛𝑒𝑑𝑛𝑜𝑝𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑚𝑢𝑗 ℎ 𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑖


24

)3 nakhalmujneM atar - atar roks nagned nednopser aumes

:arac

𝑎𝑙𝑚𝑢𝑗 ℎ 𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑟 − 𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑟 𝑎𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑠 𝑛𝑒𝑑𝑛𝑜𝑝𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑚𝑢𝑗 ℎ 𝑛𝑒𝑑𝑛𝑜𝑝𝑠𝑒𝑟

)4 :tukireb iagabes halada airetirk pait naialinep alakS

)a 00,1 – hadner tagnaS : 97,1

)b 08,1 – hadneR : 95,2

)c 06,2 – iggnit pukuC : 93,3

)d 04,3 – iggniT : 91,4

)e 02,4 – 5 iggnit tagnaS :

.2 anahredeS reiniL isergeR sisilanA

topih ijugnem kutnu nakanugid gnay sisilana talA malad sise

utiay ini naitilenep anahredes reinil iserger edotem nakanuggnem .

aynraseb rukugnem kutnu nakanugid anahredes reinil isergeR

lebairav huragnep sabeb tiay utiay gnutnagret lebairav padahret BCO u

gnutnagret lebairav iskiderpmem nad ajrek nasaupek nagned

lebairav nakanuggnem .)181:2102 ,onowraS( sabeb mumu naamasreP

utiay anahredes reinil iserger :

: nagnareteK

'Y = k nasaupek roks ajre

= a BCO helo ihuragnepid kadit gnay ajrek nasaupek roks

Xb + a = ’Y


34

b = raseb nakkujnunem gnay ,iserger neisifeok roks nahaburep

.BCO nahaburep tabika ajrek nasaupek alib nad ,kian akam )+( b aliB

(- .nanurunep idajret akam )

= X BCO roks

ijugnem kutnU akujaid gnay sisetopih aguj itilenep ,n

nakanuggnem .)t kitsitsats iju( laudividni retemarap iju U t kitsitsats ij

lebairav utas huragnep huaj aparebes nakkujnunem aynrasad adap

malad laudividni araces nednepedni .nedneped lebairav nakgnarenem

aitilenep adaP BCO ,utiay sisetopih ikilimem 4 halasam nasumur ini n

huragnepreb nasumur akaM .ajrek nasaupek padahret fitisop

:aynsisetopih

H0 BCO : kadit .ajrek nasaupek padahret fitisop huragnepreb

HA : BCO .ajrek nasaupek padahret fitisop huragnepreb

iju sumuR :utiay )941:0002 ,otnarpuS( t kitsitats

= jt 𝑗𝑏𝑗𝑠

D n( = kd nasabebek tajared nad %5 = α atayn farat nagne -k- akam ,)1

t lebat n ,α( halada -k- )1

j ek neisifeok gnutih t = jt

j ek lebeirav irad iserger neisifeok = jb

jb irad rore radnats = js

kutnu akaM nasutupek nakutnenem :tukireb iagabes

fitisoP → nanak isis :


44

t gnutih ≤ t lebat nakifingis kadit = , H akam 0 amiretid H nad A kalotid

t gnutih > t lebat )fitisop huragnepreb( nakifingis = , H akam 0 kalotid H nad A

amiretid

.K lebairaV narukugneP

lebairaV b pihsnezitic lanoitazinagro roivahe nagned rukuid )BCO(

nemurtsni nakanuggnem nakgnabmekid gnay helo inaruN .C.D nad iridret

irad utiay BCO isnemid amil ,ssensuoitneicsnoc ,ysetruoc ,msiurtla

eutriv civic nad ,pihsnamtrops , isik 41 iridret atres - tala isik .ruku

K naidume ispodagnem tapad silunep kaynabes naataynrep 41 meti gnay

,utiay BCO isnemid amil sata igabret msiurtla 3 meti , ysetruoc 2 meti ,

ssensuoitneicsnoc 2 meti , pihsnamstrops 3 meti eutriv civic nad , 4 meti .

liP alaks nakanuggnem nabawaj nahi l treki nagned takgnitreb nabawaj

amil malad utiay irogetak :

nabawaJ nahiliP fitisoP metI rokS

hanreP kadiT 1

gnaraJ 2

gnadaK - gnadak 3

gnireS 4

ulaleS 5

emurtsni nakanuggnem nagned rukuid ajrek nasaupek lebairaV n

damahuM helo nakgnabmekid gnay ,gnatniB irad iridret gnay mane

ag utiay rotakidni ,nasata ,isomorp ,ajrek naker ,ij ,iridnes uti naajrekep nad

gnay ajrek isidnok ret tapad irad iridret ini naitilenep adaP .naataynrep 04


54

amil uti naajrekep nad ,isomorp ,nasata ,ajrek naker ,ijag ,utiay rotakidni

iridnes , rep naidumek isakilpudid gnay naatayn es 12 kaynab meti . rotakidnI

ajrek isidnok utiay ini naitilenep malad nakanugid kadit gnay iridret gnay

4 irad meti :utiay ,

.1 adnA agnas asarem adnA ajrek gnaur nagned namayn t .

.2 adnA tilisaf naktapadnem adnA naajrekep gnukudnem gnay sa .

.3 nagnaur naataneP uynem adnA naktil ajrekeb malad .

.4 adnA rotnaK anacneb nagnaluggnanep satilisaf nakaideynem

.kiab nagned

nasalA kadit silunep tubesret rotakidni nakanuggnem anerak it iauses kad

iroet adap tapadret gnay pesnok nagned ini naitilenep .

nakanugid kadit gnay naataynreP irad ek il tubesret rotakidni am

kaynabes 51 meti , tukireb iagabes :

)1 G 3 ija meti , :utiay

)a adnA mok amirenem ianek isasnep nak atar sata id ijag - akij atar

.naahasurep tegrat ihibelem ajrenik

)b kutnu naknikgnumem kadit amiret adnA gnay ijaG gnubanem .

)c adnA gnay rubmel hapu isasnepmoK iauses kadit gnires amiret

.aynsurahes gnay nagned

)2 R 4 ajrek nake meti , :utiay

)a adnA ubuh nakgnabmegnem tabahasrep nagn naker nagned na -

ajrek naker .

)b adnA em kadit naker iayacrepm - adnA ajrek naker .


64

)c adnA gut igabmem tapad naker nagned sa - adnA ajrek naker

lanoisroporp nad tapet araces .

)d adnA malad id ajrek naker nagned kiab gnay isaler nilajnem

.ajrek maj raul id nupuam

)3 A nasat 4 meti , :utiay

)a adnA nasatA .retiroto tagnas gnay gnaroes halada

)b adnA nasatA apnat rihka lisah padahret isatneiroreb tagnas

.aynnahawab naarethajesek nakiludepmem

)c nasatA ijup nakirebmem hanrep kadit lisah padahret na

adnA naajrekep .

)d natapmesek nakirebmem adnA nasatA hibel naktapadnem

naajrekep malad umli kaynab .adnA

)4 P 4 isomor meti :utiay ,

)a adnA keyorp malad tabilret kutnu natapmesek ikilimem - keyorp

.naahasurep nemejanam helo taubid gnay

)b ek tabmahgnem nasatA adnA natapmes nakisomorpid kutnu

)c adnA taubmem adnA naajrekeP kutnu gnatnatret asarem

.irid nakgnabmegnem

)d dnA rakreb kutnu natabmah imalagnem a naahasurep malad ri

.ini

A sal kadit silunep na naataynrep isakilpudnem - sata id naataynrep

gid gnay naataynrep anerak nagned nakiausesid halet nakanu isidnok

isasinagro aynhalmuj nakanahredesid nad nakaynabek anerak ,


74

akij nednopser iseuk isignem o ep nagned ren gnay naaynatrep/naataynr

kaynab ulalret iauses kadit isignem gnurednec naka nagned gnay

.aynimalaid aparebeb isakilpudnem aynah silunep ,uti anerak helO

rotakidni paites ilikawem tapad gnay naataynrep . nabawaj nahiliP

nakanuggnem alaks l treki agned amil malad takgnitreb nabawaj n

:utiay irogetak

nabawaJ nahiliP fitisoP metI rokS fitageN metI rokS

ujuteS kadiT tagnaS 1 5

ujuteS kadiT 2 4

larteN 3 3

ujuteS 4 2

ujuteS tagnaS 5 1


84

VI BAB

KEJBUS MUMU NARABMAG NAITILENEP

.A noberiC animatreP tikaS hamuR harajeS

noberiC animatreP tikaS hamuR d adap ,3791 nuhat adap nakiridi

aynlawa ini tikas hamur tinU animatreP nataheseK irad naigab nakapurem

gnay noberiC III PE natahesek satilisaf alolegnem k animatreP nawayra

iD .aynagraulek atreseb III PE tinU R uti gnipmas tikaS hamu animatreP

nial animatreP agrauleK/nawayrak adap nanayal nakirebmem aguj noberiC

IV PU nad GPL ,III NDPPU itrepes noberiC hayaliw id ada gnay

reP nanuisneP atres roxE TP ,nagnolaB .aynagraulek nad animat nagneD

nuhat ialum ,ANIMATREP nagnukgnil id isasirutkurtser aynnakanaskalid

hamuR TP helo alolekid noberiC III PEU animatreP natahesek tinu 6991

R idajnem aman itnagreb nad )PPSR( animatreP tasuP tikaS hamu S tika

SR( nayalK animatreP d akubmem ialum atres noberiC )KP kutnu iri

eS .mumu inayalem aj ,mumu takaraysam helo KPSR aynlanekid nikam k

KPSR id nainuh takgnit atres nalaj tawar nagnujnuk nagnabmekrep

.takgninem nikames

aj id katelret gnay noberiC nayalK ayaR artaP nalaJ id isakolreB rul

malad noberiC agraw nahilip utas halas idajnem halet KPSR ,arutnaP

atahesek nanayal naka aynnahutubek ihunemem nad lamitpo gnay n

.uakgnajret tawar gnaur satilisaf nakgnabmegnem halet KPSR ini taaS

aynsatisapak aggnihes ,nuilivap nugnabmem nagned aynpani habmatreb


94

05 irad rudit tapmet 79 idajnem rudit tapmet idajnem 2102 nuhat adap ,

001 rudit tapmet nikames gnay noberiC takaraysam natutnut nagned iauses

.natahesek radas nikames nad iggnit hamuR naialineP lisah nakrasadreB

hayaliW rotnaK helo nakaraggnelesid gnay tikaS nataheseK nemetrapeD

taraB awaJ nalub adap aynaratnaid KPSR hiarid halet isatserp aparebeb ,

R idajnem 1991 rebmevoN hamu S tika es audeK kiabreT - ,taraB awaJ

J iagabes 5991 nuhat R nalipmaneP abmoL audeK arau hamu S tika atsawS

es C salek - namaT alolegneP tikaS hamuR iagabes 6991 nuhat ,taraB awaJ

R hamu S tika audeK kiabret es - .taraB awaJ ini isatserp ,imak igaB

halada rasebret gnay imak naaggnabek numan naaggnabek nakapurem

p alibapa neisa - .imak nanayalep nagned saup imak neisap

TP idajnem aman itnagreb PPSR TP ,2002 sutsugA 8 laggnat adaP

u tinu 6 nagned )akidematreP( akideM aniB animatreP nanayal ahas

apureb natahesek tikas hamur R utiay hamu S tika nad animatreP tasuP

R hamu S tika atreP R ,atrakaJ id isakolreb gnay atrakaJ anim hamu S tika

R ,napapkilaB animatreP hamu S tika R ,noberiC nayalK animatreP hamu

S tika R nad ,hilumubarP animatreP hamu S tika treP nialeS .gnujnaT anima

mane ek tikas hamur tubesret imedakA utas ikilimem aguj akidematreP

haub 02 nagned atrakaJ nataheseK nanayaL tinu utas ,natawarepeK

nakrasadreB.KPPM atres ,kebatedobaJ haread id rabesret gnay kinilkilop

4002/00000A/3170 .on akidematreP amatU rutkeriD mudnaromem - 0S

R ,4002 rebmetpeS 7 laggnat ialum nakukalrebid gnay hamu


05

S tika R idajnem aman itnagreb noberiC nayalK animatreP hamu S tika

.noberiC animatreP

.B noberiC animatreP tikaS hamuR isiM nad isiV

ISIV :

utumreb gnay lanoiseforp natahesek nanayalep araggneleynep idajneM

jret ,iwaisunam ,iggnit es kiabret nad uakgna - araB awaJ .t

ISIM :

.1 aynnial natahesek satilisaf nad kinilkilop ,tikas hamur alolegneM

.neisife nad fitkefe ,iridnam araces

.2 nakaynimrep iawagep igab nataheseK nanayaL asaJ nakirebmeM

adapek isatneiroreb gnay saul takaraysam ,aynagraulek nad

nasaupek ekats redloh nad ajrekep ,ajrek artim ,naggnalep(

)mahas gnagemep .

.3 takaraysaM nataheseK tajareD natakgnineP margorP malad fitkA .

.C nemejanaM

.1 rutkeriD rd : htrOpS ,oitnamarB .g

.2 kideM ridaW SRAM ,otnawsirK .H otpaS .rd :

.3 nagnaueK ridaW : MM ,ES ,ahdnamsA akE naY

.4 mumU & MDS ridaW : -

.5 natawarepeK ridaW : -


15

rabmaG .1.4 rutkurtS isasinagrO

AKIDEMATREP AMATU RUTKERID

CPSR rutkeriD

etimoK kideM

siraterkeS alapeK nemejanaM sinsiB

igolonkeTisamrofnI

etimoKSR3K

etimoK natawarepeK

ridaW sideM

isalatsnI gnajnuneP sideM

isamraF tinU

tinUycnegremE

isartsinimdAsideM

tawaR tinU nalaJ

/UCI tinUDH & UCCI

ramaK tinU isarepO

FMS FMPS

MDS ridaW& mumU

MDS

kitsigoL

kinkeT

satilisaFmumU

ridaW natawarepeK

FKS hamuR tinU aggnaT

tawaR panI

iziG

ridaW nagnaueK

isnatnukA nagnaueK &

isnatnukA nemejanaM

yrusaerT & nasawagneP

knaB /saK

gnatuiP & gnatU


25

.D noberiC animatreP tikaS hamuR satilisaF

.1 natahesek nanayaleP

R ,kiabret gnay nanayalep nakdujuwem kutnU hamu S tika

nimatreP aganet helo gnukudid noberiC a m aganet nad side

arepek atres namalagnepreb gnay nataw a non aganet nad reketop -

.aynnial sidem

.2 gnauR natawarep

nanigniek nagned iauses natahesek nanayalep nakirebmem kutnU

nad akapmeC ,ellivneguoB ,kerggnA nuilivaP aidesret ,neisap

,PIV ,PIVV ,etiuS ramak nakaideynem gnay natawarep gnaur

III SALEK ,II SALEK ,I SALEK .

.3 naluggnu satilisaF

.a o( pU kcehC lacideM )ecivres pots en

.b asilaidomeH

.c isnemiD 3 lacileH nacS TC nanayaleP

.d )tinu 21( harad icuc / asilaidomeH nanayaleP

.e tinU eraC evisnetnI T 6( UCI/ tapme T rudi )

.f )nagnaur 2( hadeB ramaK

.g nilasreB ramaK

.h isnemiD 4 GSU

.i ,GTC ,GKE ,irtemoripS ,irtemoiduA llimdaerT

.4 gnajnunep satilisaF

.a igoloidaR


35

.b muirotarobaL

.c iparetoisiF

.d kitopA / tikaS hamuR isamraF

.e iziG isatlusnoK

.f ecnalubmA )neisaP isaukavE(

.g izig ilha helo isawaid gnay rupaD

.h isarotseR

.i ( icuC ramaK satilisaF yrdnuaL )

.j hasaneJ liboM & hasaneJ ramaK

.k halogneP( rotarenicnI )tikaS hamuR tadaP habmiL

.l iadameM gnaY rikraP anaraS

.m mumU nopeleT anaraS

.n iridnaM knaB MTA

.o allohsuM

.p nitnaK

.q W- tram )tekram inim(

.r padeS efaK

.E nanayaleP sineJ noberiC animatreP tikaS hamuR

.1 maj 42 nanayaleP

.a mumU retkoD / taruraD tawaG tinU

.b muirotarobaL

.c igoloidaR


45

.d kitopA/tikaS hamuR isamraF

.e ecnalubmA

.2 kinilkiloP

.a mumU iloP

.b kanA nad ubI nataheseK iloP

.c tuluM & igiG iloP

.3 silaisepS kinilkiloP

.a malaD tikayneP silaisepS

.b ataM tikayneP silaisepS

.c THT tikayneP silaisepS

.d haraD hulubmeP & gnutnaJ silaisepS

.e pS silaise nagnudnaK & nanadibeK

.f faraS silaisepS

.g mumU hadeB silaisepS

.h kanA nataheseK silaisepS

.i faraS hadeB silaisepS

.j nimaleK nad tiluK tikayneP silaisepS

.k idepotrO / gnaluT hadeB silaisepS

.l irtaikisP silaisepS


55

.F niaL - nial

R hamu S tika nakapurem noberiC animatreP redivorp irad drihT

noitartsinimdA ytraP ,akidemdA TP utiay toD eulB ( eraC m’I ,)771

harikaZ eraC htlaeH . kat gnay twS hallA ainurak nakapurem nataheseK

akitek tubesret lah iradaynem urab atik ilakgnires numan ,aynagrah ialinret

.tikas gnades atik R akam haluti lah iradayneM hamu S tika eP animatr

ottom libmagnem noberiC : ”ADNA NATAHESEK ILUDEP IMAK“ .


65

V BAB

NAD ATAD SISILANA NASAHABMEP

,atad nalupmugnep lisah sahabmem ini naigaB isah atad nahalognep l

,fitpirksed ,satilibailer iju ,satilamron iju nad ,anahredes reinil iserger

.aynnasahabmep nakrabeynem arac nagned nakukalid atad nalupmugneP

gnay )CPSR( noberiC animatreP tikaS hamuR nawayrak adapek renoiseuk

sidem nawayrak utiay ,naigab aud malad igabret gnay gnaro 021 halmujreb

nawayrak nad gnaro 77 halmujreb retkod kusamret kadit )tawarep( sidem non

.gnaro 34 halmujreb

.A naijugneP takgniT satilibaileR

utiay satilibaileR ayacrepid tapad narukugnep utaus lisah anam huajes .

T akgna aynraseb helo nakutnetid ruku tala utaus satilibailer aynhadner iggni

satilibailer neisifeok ( ). iulalem helorepid ini akgnA kinket ahplA

hcabnorC s’ ( ) rgorp nautnab nakanuggnem nagned gnutihid gnay SSPS ma

ini tukireB .0.51 naitilenep lebairav aumes kutnu satilibailer naijugnep lisah

.nednopser 021 kaynabes lepmas nakanuggnem nagned renoiseuk adap

T 1.5 leba

satilibaileR neisifeoK

lebairaV ahplA hcabnorC ialiN hcabnorC

laminiM nalupmiseK

BCO 647,0 06,0 lebaileR

ajreK nasaupeK 648,0 06,0 lebaileR


75

rasadreB satilibaer iju lisah nak lebairav hurules awhab iuhatekid tapad ,

nakataynid nakanugid gnay elbailer ialin ikilimem anerak , ahplA hcabnorC

.6,0 irad raseb hibel

.B ispirkseD nednopseR

atad ianegnem naksalejid naka ini naigab adaP - gnay fitpirksed atad

nakapurem naitilenep lisah atad nakispirksedneM .nednopser irad helorepid

sed anerak gnitnepret lah gnay narabmag irebmem naka tubesret atad ispirk

,onowraS( atik ispirks malad itiletid halet gnay ajas apa ianegnem salej

irad isi nakrapamem kutnu isgnufreb tubesret atad ispirkseD .)801:2102

em kutnu nakanugid gnay renoiseuk malad pukacret gnay naitilenep libmagn

.atad tawarep nad sidem non nawayrak utiay ini naitilenep malad nednopseR

.gnaro 021 halmujreb gnay

.a nahakinreP sutatS nakrasadreB nednopseR kitsiretkaraK

2.5 lebaT

nahakinreP sutatS nakrasadreB nednopseR kitsiretkaraK

nahakinreP sutatS isneukerF esatnesreP

hakiN muleB 62 % 7,12

hakiN 49 % 3,87

latoT 021 % 001

sata id lebaT kujnunem k na awhab malad nednopser raseb naigabes

ni naitilenep utiay agraulekreb halet i hakinem halet gnay nednopser


85

uata gnaro 49 kaynabes nakgnades % 3,87 ratikes muleb gnay nednopser

.% 7,12 ratikes uata gnaro 62 kaynabes hakinem

.b nimaleK sineJ nakrasadreB nednopseR kitsiretkaraK

5 lebaT 3.

nimaleK sineJ nakrasadreB nednopseR kitsiretkaraK

nimaleK sineJ isneukerF esatnesreP

airP 24 % 53

atinaW 87 % 56

latoT 021 % 001

T sata id leba kujnunem k malad nednopser raseb naigabes awhab na

% 56 ratikes uata gnaro 87 halmuj nagned atinaw halada ini naitilenep

.% 53 ratikes uata gnaro 24 kaynabes airp nednopser halmuj nakgnades

halmuj nakutnenem kadit silunep ,ini lah malaD itiletid naka gnay lepmas

.atinaw nad airp nednopser aratna

.c rihkareT nakididneP nakrasadreB nednopseR kitsiretkaraK

4.5 lebaT

rihkareT nakididneP nakrasadreB nednopseR kitsiretkaraK

rihkareT nakididneP isneukerF esatnesreP

AMS 4 % 3,3

MTS 1 % 8,0

1D 1 8,0 %

3D 87 % 56

1S 43 % 3,82

2S 2 % 7,1

latoT 021 % 001


95

T sata id leba kujnunem k awhab na nakididnepreb gnay nednopser

rihkaret gnisam 1D nad MTS ,% 3,3 ratikes uata gnaro 4 kaynabes AMS -

% 8,0 ratikes uata gnaro 1 gnisam 3D , 56 ratikes uata gnaro 87 kaynabes

,% ,% 3,82 ratikes uata gnaro 43 kaynabes 1S nad gnaro 2 kaynabes 2S

es uata tikaS hamuR nawayrak raseb naigabes ,ini lah malaD .% 7,1 ratik

.3D rihkaret nakididnepreb noberiC animatreP

.d ednopseR kitsiretkaraK nakrasadreB n rep nalisahgneP( ijaG )nalub

5.5 lebaT

ednopseR kitsiretkaraK rep nalisahgneP( ijaG nakrasadreB n )nalub

rep nalisahgneP nalub isneukerF esatnesreP

hawabiD .pR 1 000.000. 3 % 5,2

> .pR 0.1 000.00 – .pR 999.999.1 33 % 5,72

> .pR 2 000.000. – .pR 999.999.2 13 8,52 %

> .pR 3 000.000. – .pR 999.999.3 82 % 3,32

sataiD .pR 4 000.000. 52 % 8,02

latoT 021 % 001

T sata id leba kujnunem k nednopser raseb naigabes awhab na

aynnalubrep nalisahgnepreb 000.000.1.pR – .pR halmuj nagned 999.999.1

es nednopser ratikes uata gnaro 33 kaynab ,72 aynasis naidumeK .% 5

aynnalubrep nalisahgnepreb gnay nednopser halada 000.000.2.pR –

.pR ,% 8,52 ratikes uata gnaro 13 kaynabes 999.999.2 .pR 3 000.000. –

.pR sataid ,% 3,32 ratikes uata gnaro 82 kaynabes 999.999.3 .pR 4 000.000.

ratikes uata gnaro 52 kaynabes hawabid nad ,% 8,02 .pR 1 000.000.

uata gnaro 3 kaynabes ratikes .% 5,2


06

.e retkaraK naajrekeP nakrasadreB nednopseR kitsi

6.5 lebaT

naajrekeP nakrasadreB nednopseR kitsiterkaraK

nagnareteK naajrekeP isneukerF esatnesreP

sideM noN sideM .mdA 5 % 2,4

isamraF 5 % 2,4

musaF 2 % 7,1

iparetoisiF 3 % 5,2

iziG 2 % 7,1

nagnaueK 5 % 2,4

muirotarobaL 6 % 0,5

kitsigoL 3 % 5,2

igoloidaR 2 % 7,1

MDS 3 % 5,2

kinkeT 3 % 5,2

IT 4 % 3,3

sideM tawareP 77 % 2,46

latoT 021 % 001

T sata id leba ujnunem awhab nakk iagabes ajrekeb gnay nednopser

gnay nednopser nakgnades % 2,46 ratikes uata gnaro 77 kaynabes tawarep

,isamraf ,sidem isartsinimda irad iridret gnay sidem non naigab id ajrekeb

,nagnauek ,IT ,kinket ,kitsigol ,igoloidar ,MDS ,izig ,muirotarobal ,musaf

.% 8,53 ratikes uata gnaro 34 kaynabes iparetoisif


16

.C ispirkseD BCO takgniT

jid naka ,ini naigab adaP gnires aparebes ianegnem naksale ukalirep

roivaheb pihsnezitic lanoitazinagro nakukalid gnay )BCO( hamuR nawayrak

atar nagnutihrep lisaH .)CPSR( noberiC animatreP tikaS - BCO takgnit atar

naialinep airetirk nagned nednopser 021 lepmas halmuj nagned libmaid

:tukireb iagabes

.1 00,1 – hanrep kadiT : 97,1

.2 08,1 – gnaraJ : 95,2

.3 06,2 – : 93,3 gnadaK - gnadak

.4 04,3 – gnireS : 91,4

.5 02,4 – 5 ulaleS :

7.5 lebaT

ataR naialineP - atar lebairaV BCO

lebairaV ( naeM ataR - atar ) naialineP

BCO 04,3 iggniT

rebmuS ( 3 naripmaL : tuptuO SSPS 61 )

sata id lebaT kujnunem k atar ialin na - 04,3 rasebes BCO atar gnay

tubesret akgna itrareb animatreP tikaS hamuR nawayrak awhab nakkujnunem

.)alerakus ukalirep( BCO ukalirep nakukalem gnires )CPSR( noberiC D tahili

irad atar - 1 ada BCO renoiseuk meti rep roks atar roks ikilimem gnay meti

utiay hadner meti ,01 romon nagned meti iggnit pukuc roks romon meti utiay

.21 nad ,11 ,7 ,6 ,5 ,4 ,3 nagned meti naidumeK meti adap utiay iggnit roks

,2 ,1 romon nad 8, nagned meti atres ,31 ,9 meti adap utiay iggnit tagnas roks


26

.41 nad CPSR nawayrak ikilimid gnay BCO ukalirep ,naikimed nagneD

.iggnit

.D ispirkseD ajreK nasaupeK takgniT

ini naigab adaP takgnit iggnit aparebes ianegnem naksalejid naka

noberiC animatreP tikaS hamuR nawayrak ikilimid gnay ajrek nasaupek

atar nagnutihrep lisaH .)CPSR( - nagned libmaid ajrek nasaupek takgnit atar

dnopser 021 lepmas halmuj :tukireb iagabes naialinep airetirk nagned ne

.1 00,1 – hadner tagnaS : 97,1

.2 08,1 – hadneR : 95,2

.3 06,2 – iggnit pukuC : 93,3

.4 04,3 – iggniT : 91,4

.5 02,4 – 5 iggnit tagnaS :

8.5 lebaT

ataR naialineP - atar lebairaV ajreK nasaupeK

lebairaV ( naeM ataR - atar ) naialineP

ajreK nasaupeK 68,3 iggniT

rebmuS : ( 3 naripmaL tuptuO SSPS 61 )

sata id lebaT kujnunem k atar ialin na - k atar 68,3 rasebes ajrek nasaupe

itrareb gnay gnologret gnay naialinep airetirk nakapurem tubesret akgna

,iggnit atakid tapad aggnihes nak awhab ikilimem CPSR nawayrak takgnit

ajrek nasaupek .iggnit gnay tubesret laH d tapad atar irad tahili - rep roks atar

ikilimem gnay meti 1 tapadret meti 12 irad ,ajrek nasaupek renoiseuk meti

gned meti halada aynasis nad ,91 romon meti adap utiay iggnit pukuc roks na


36

.meti 02 kaynabes iggnit roks ,naikimed nagneD ajrek nasaupek takgnit

nawayrak ( noberiC animatreP tikaS hamuR CPSR ) .iggnit

.E ,satilamroN ijU anahredeS reiniL isergeR sisilanA nad sisetopiH ijU

.1 ijU satilamroN

satilamron atad nahalognep lisah iraD isnakifingis ialin helorepid

:tukireb iagabes nautnetek nagned

.a gis ialin akiJ ≤ .lamron isubirtsidreb kadit atad akam 50,0

.b gis ialin akiJ ≥ .lamron isubirtsidreb atad akam 50,0

isnakifingis ialin iuhatekid satilamron atad iju lisah iraD nu BCO lebairav kut

235,0 rasebes ≥ s lamron BCO atad aynitra 50,0 isnakifingis ialin nakgnade

ebairav kutnu 665,0 rasebes ajrek nasaupek l ≥ 50,0 , nasaupek atad aynitra

.lamron ajrek

)3 naripmaL :rebmuS(

.2 anahredeS reiniL isergeR sisilanA nad sisetopiH ijU

P ne halet gnay aumes sata naitkubmep nakapurem sisetopih naijug

.naitilenep malad naksisetopihid utas nakujagnem silunep ini naitilenep adaP

utiay sisetopih roivaheb pihsnezitic lanoitazinagro araces huragnepreb )BCO(

.ajrek nasaupek padahret fitisop iserger sisilana naijugnep lisah nakrasadreB

:tukireb iagabes lisah tapadid akam nakukalid halet gnay


46

9.5 lebaT

anahredeS reiniL isergeR sisilanA lisaH

ledoM

stneiciffeoC dezidradnatsnU dezidradnatS

stneiciffeoC

t .giS B rorrE .dtS ateB

1 )tnatsnoC( 233.3 562. 875.21 000.

BCO 651. 770. 381. 120.2 640.

dnepeD .a K :elbairaV tne ajrek nasaupe :rebmuS ( 3 naripmaL 61 SSPS tuptuO )

nakijasid gnay sisetopih naijugnep iserger sisilana lisah nakrasadreB

nakataynem sata id lebat adap n rasebes BCO lebairav iserger neisifeok iali

ialin nad 651,0 T- tset .640,0 nakifingis takgnit nagned 120,2 rasebes lisah iraD

:tukireb iagabes anahredes reinil iserger naamasrep helorepid ,atad nahalognep

651,0 + 233,3 = ’Y X

pih naranebek iuhategnem kutnU fitisop araces huragnepreb BCO awhab siseto

H akam lebat t > gnutih t ialin aliB .t iju nakanugid ajrek nasaupek padahret 0

H nad kalotid A )nakifingis( fitisop araces huragnepreb BCO aynitra ,amiretid

.ajrek nasaupek padahret

atna t iju sisilana nakrasadreB ned BCO ar tapad ajrek nasaupek nag

awhab iuhatekid gnutih t )120,2( lebat t irad raseb hibel ( 089,1 ) H akam 0

H nad kalotid A .amiretid nakutnetid tapaD araces huragnepreb BCO awhab

op aupek padahret fitis gnires nikames aynitra ajrek nas nakasarem nawayrak

isasinagro padahret BCO )alerakus ukalirepreb nawayrak gnires nikames(

akam ajrek nasaupek iggnit nikames . awhab nakatakid tapad naikimed nagneD

.amiretid tapad ini naitilenep sisetopih


56

.F )erauqS R( isanimreteD neisifeoK ialiN

nakrasadreB )erauqS R( isanimreted neisifeok ialin atad sisilana

bes isanimred neisifeok ialin helorepid 3,3 nagned amas uata 330,0 rase .%

ret akgnA 3,3 rasebes awhab itrareb tubes nakasarid gnay ajrek nasaupek %

av nakanuggnem nagned naksalejid tapad nadeS .BCO lebair 69 aynasis nakg 7,

rotkaf helo naksalejid % - rotkaf ini iserger ledom raul id nial .

)3 naripmaL :rebmuS(

.G nasahabmeP

P amatrep halasam nasumur ada atad sisilana lisah nakrasadreb

nednopser ispirksed atinaw nimalek sinejreb nednopser raseb naigabes

kaynabes 87 gnaro hakinem halet , kaynabes gnaro 49 rihkaret nakididnepreb ,

3D kaynabes gnaro 87 , nalisahgneprep .pR 1 000.000. – .pR 999.999.1

kaynabes gnaro 33 tawarep arap helo isanimodid nad , gnaro 77 kaynabes .

tawarep iagabes naajrekeP p nagned nakiausesid halet ini gnay nagnutihre

mas halmuj naklisahgnem s gnaro 77 kaynabes tawarep lep aynasis nakgnade

.sidem non nawayrak naigab malad kusam gnaro 34

nakharagnem hibel tawarep iagabes naajrekeP akerem kutnu

khutubid anerak BCO ukalirepreb amasajrek na uata inagnanem malad

.neisap tawarem tawarep araP neisap nahubmesek imed amasajrekeb ulales

.ajrekeb akerem tapmet tikas hamur kiab aman agajnem nad tubesret turuneM

hibel atinaw ,nimalek sinej nad isaler nakutnebmep nakamatugnem gnurednec

onem ukalirep nakkujnunem hibel gnol .airp adapirad itkuB - itkub tubesret


66

isasilanretnignem hibel atinaw awhab nakkujnunem naparah - naparah

asar ,kopmolek sativitka nad ,naamasrebek - naigab iagabes gnolonem sativitka

.)7002 ,idailvoN malad ;2002 ,.la te ffrodnefeiD( akerem naajrekep irad

r kutnU nad BCO takgnit utiay agitek nad audek halasam nasumu

awayrak ikilimid gnay ajrek nasaupek atad sisilana lisaH .CPSR n

kujnunem k atar ialin awhab na - atar ialin nad 04,3 BCO takgnit atar - atar

kujnunem tubesret laH .68,3 ajrek nasaupek k awhab na hamuR nawayrak tikaS

BCO ukalirepreb gnires noberiC animatreP ikilimid gnay ajrek nasaupek nad

CPSR nawayrak iggnit . naasarep anerak nawayrak adap BCO ukalirep aynadA

saup nakasarem naka akerem nad isasinagro utaus malad atoggna iagabes

bel gnay utauses nakukalem alibapa apmet isasinagro adapek hi akerem t

ajrekeb .381,0 utiay BCO nad ajrek nasaupek lebairav aratna nagnubuh raseB .

agnubuh itra iaynupmem ini ialiN tubesret lebairav audek n ,hadner anerak

kujnunem )381,0( fitisop isalerok neisifeok k aratna nagnubuh awhab na

rav BCO nad ajrek nasaupek lebai .haraes nawayrak gnires nikames aynitrA

BCO ukalirepreb iggnit nikames akam nawayrak ajrek nasaupek takgnit

R hamu S tika P animatre C noberi .

01.5 lebaT

metI - hadneR hisaM gnay BCO meti

naataynrep metI atar rokS - meti atar nalupmiseK

nakirebmem utnabmem hanrep adnA urab nawayrak adap naharagnep

.naksagutid kadit nupiksem 2,3 pukuC

nakadnit libmagnem ulales adnA aynidajret isapisitnagnem kutnu lawa

.nial nawayrak nagned halasam 2,3 pukuC


76

iagabes pakisreb ulales adnA aratna id ada akitek hagnenep

.mahap hisilesreb gnay nial nawayrak 0,3 pukuC

gnaruk gnay lah nakukalem adnA tapad uti lah numan ,gnitnep kiab aman naktakgninem utnabmem

.adnA naahasurep

0,3 pukuC

hanrep kadit adnA iracnem - irac.naahasurep sativitka irad nahalasek

2,2 hadneR

iagabreb malad atres tuki ulales adnA iadnanem gnay lautir uata araca

.naahasurep satitnedi 0,3 pukuC

taas naahasurep alebmem ulales adnA.kitirkgnem nial nawayrak

3,3 pukuC

kadit ulales adnA gnatnet hulegnem ayntafis nupiksem utauses alages

.elepes 0,3 pukuC

meti aparebeb ada awhab iuhatekid tapad sata id lebat nakrasadreB

hadner gnologret hisam gnay BCO , nawayrak aparebeb ada hisam anerak

CPSR muleb gnay naajrekep malad BCO nakukalem n .ay nagneD aynada lisah

tapad nakparahid )CPSR( noberiC animatreP tikaS hamuR kahip ,ini

ikiabrepmem naktakgninem nad meti - meti pukuc gnologret hisam gnay BCO

naktakgnitid tapad raga hadner gnologret hisam gnay amaturet nad kutnu

d alerakus ukalirep nakmananem imalagnem gnay ajrek naker utnabmem mala

.aynnaajrekep malad natilusek


86

11.5 lebaT

metI - hadneR hisaM gnay ajreK nasaupeK meti

naataynreP metI ataR rokS - metI atar nalupmiseK

naka adnA sitamoto araceS malad isomorp naktapadnem rirak

.adnA

1,3 pukuC

ad sata id lebat nakrasadreB 1 ada awhab iuhatekid tap nasaupek meti

k pukuc gnologret hisam gnay ajre i adap tapadret rotakidn .isomorp ini laH

awhab nakitraid tapadnem kutnu natapmesek hisam isomorp gnaulep nak

m kutnu tilus asarem nawayrak aggnihes satabret erem isakifilauk habmane .ak

)CPSR( noberiC animatreP tikaS hamuR kahip ,ini lisah ayniuhatekid nagneD

arahid meti ikiabrepmem tapad nakp ajrek nasaupek raga hadner hisam gnay

naktakgnitid tapad .ilabmek

R irad sisetopih nakapurem tapmeek gnay halasam nasumu naitilenep

.ini padahret fitisop araces huragnepreb BCO ,sisetopih nakujagnem siluneP

.CPSR nawayrak ajrek nasaupek kujnunem ,t iju sisilana lisah iraD k awhab na

CPSR nawayrak ajrek nasaupek padahret fitisop araces huragnepreb BCO .

O awhab naklupmisid tapaD p araces huragnepreb BC upek padahret fitiso nasa

ukalirepreb nawayrak gnires nikames anerak ajrek iggnit nikames akam BCO

.nawayrak ajrek nasaupek aguj gnay BCO awhab nakisakidnignem ini laH

najrek nasaupek padahret huragnepreb tagnas CPSR nawayrak ikilimid .ay

sisetopih gnukudnem ini naitilenep malad sisetopih naikimed nagneD

htebasilE ehT nad otnayirT sugA helo nakukalid gnay aynmulebes naitilenep

.)9002( asotnaS aytniC


96

IV BAB

NASATABRETEK NAD ,NARAS ,NALUPMISEK

.A nalupmiseK

helorepid gnay atad nakrasadreB halet gnay nasahabmep nad itilenep

:tukireb iagabes nalupmisek kiratid tapad akam ,ini ispirks malad nakiaruid

.1 nednopser kitsiretkarak iraD naklupmisid tapad awhab raseb naigabes

atinaw nimalek sinejreb nednopser hakinem halet ,gnaro 87 kaynabes

9 kaynabes ,gnaro 87 kaynabes 3D rihkaret nakididnepreb ,gnaro 4

000.000.1.pR aratna nalisahgnepreb – 33 kaynabes 999.999.1.pR

.gnaro 77 kaynabes tawarep arap helo isanimodid nad ,gnaro

.2 awhab naklupmisid tapad atad sisilana lisah iraD hamuR nawayrak

animatreP tikaS ukalirepreb gnires )CPSR( noberiC BCO ukalirep(

)alerakus atar ialin nagned - .04,3 atar

.3 awhab naklupmisid tapad atad sisilana lisah iraD nasaupek takgnit

ikilimid gnay ajrek iggnit nakataynid nawayrak atar ialin nagned - atar

.68,3

.4 lisaH atad sisilana lalem nahalasamrep adap sisetopih naitkubmep iu

huragnep ianegnem nakujaid gnay roivaheb pihsnezitic lanoitazinagro

animatreP tikaS hamuR nawayrak ajrek nasaupek padahret )BCO(

riC sid tapad akam ,)CPSR( nobe naklupmi awhab malad sisetopih

.amiretid ini naitilenep utiay ,ini naitilenep irad nalupmisek nupadA

.nawayrak ajrek nasaupek padahret fitisop araces huragnepreb BCO


07

.B naraS

.1 tikaS hamuR nawayrak awhab iuhatekid ini naitilenep lisah iraD

ada numan ,iggnit gnay BCO takgnit ikilimem noberiC animatreP

meti aparebeb hadner gnologret hisam gnay :lah malad utiay

.a M urab nawayrak adap naharagnep nakirebmem utnabme

,naksagutid kadit nupiksem

.b M aynidajret isapisitnagnem kutnu lawa nakadnit libmagne

,nial nawayrak nagned halasam

.c B atna id ada akitek hagnenep iagabes pakisre nial nawayrak ar

mahap hisilesreb gnay ,

.d M tapad tubesret lah numan gnitnep gnaruk gnay lah nakukale

,naahasurep kiab aman naktakgninem utnabmem

.e p kadiT m hanre iracne - ,naahasurep sativitka irad nahalasek irac

.f I nay lautir uata araca iagabreb malad atres tuk iadnanem g

,naahasurep satitnedi

.g M ,kitirkgnem nial nawayrak taas naahasurep alebme

.h T ayntafis nupiksem utauses alages gnatnet hulegnem kadi

elepes .

R kahip nakparahid ini naitilenep lisah nagneD hamu S tika P animatre

C noberi meti naktakgninem tapad - meti BCO anerak sata id hisam

gnologret hadner hadner pukuc nad . matureT naktakgnitid ulrep gnay a

01 romon meti utiay iracnem hanrep kadit nawayrak - nahalasek irac


17

naahasurep sativitka irad . raga naktakgnitid surah tubesret metI

iracnem igal kadit nawayrak - irac .naahasurep sativitka irad nahalasek

.2 P nakgnabmegnem tapad aynkadneh ,gnatad naka gnay naitilenep ada

khabmanem nagned huaj hibel ini naitilenep pesnok id nial lebairav na

raul roivaheb pihsnezitic lanoitazinagro )BCO( irad anerak

R nagnutihrep 2 lebairav CO B lebairav naksalejnem upmam aynah

.nial rotkaf helo naksalejid aynasis nad % 3,3 rasebes ajrek nasaupek

.3 tapad naahasurep utiay nawayrak BCO naktakgninem kutnu araC

ayag nakanuggnem nad nawayrak adapek nahitalep nakirebmem

rekeb :aynlasim ,gnapeJ nemejanam gnay ajrek naker nagned amasaj

.nial

.C naitileneP nasatabreteK

ini naitilenep awhab iradaynem itileneP ikilimem tapad gnay nasatabretek

naitilenep lisah ihuragnepmem , lamiskames ahasureb halet itilenep numan

nikgnum eK . arac nagned libmaid atad nalupmugnep utiay tubesret nasatabret

aggnihes nednopser adapek renoiseuk nakigabmem tapad kadit itilenep

awhab iradaynem itilenep numaN .tubesret nabawaj naranebek nakitsamem

o gnaruk nabawaj naklubminem tapad ini renoiseuk kinket fitkeyb . agomeS

ep adap nasatabretek usam idajnem tapad ini naitilen k naitilenep igab na

.igal kiab hibel gnay naitilenep lisah nakirebmem tapad raga ayntujnales


27

AKATSUP RATFAD

nasaupeK padahreT nanipmimepeK ayaG huragneP .0102 .nazuaF .M ,iqahiaB

lebairaV iagabeS isasinagrO nemtimoK nagneD ajreniK naD ajreK

.atrakaygoY aerA aisenodnI ailahG aritsihduY TP adaP idutS :gninevretnI

tlukaF )1S( anajraS margorP ispirkS sa ,orogenopiD satisrevinU ,imonokE

.gnarameS

.2 diliJ ,sinsiB nad imonokE akitsitatS ratnagneP .7002 .ohorgeoN ,onoweojideoB

umlI iggniT halokeS nakatecreP nad tibreneP tinU :atrakaygoY

.NPKY nemejanaM

D .H semaJ nad ,hcivecnavI .M nhoJ ,semaJ .L ,nosbiG .3002 .rJ ylenno

.araskA apuraniB :atrakaJ .sesorP ,rutkurtS ,ukalireP ,isasinagrO

.aisunaM ayadrebmuS nad ailanosreP nemejanaM .8002 .inaH .T ,okodnaH

EFPB :atrakaygoY - atrakaygoY

.7002 .yrreF ,idailvoN roivaheB pihsnezitiC lanoitazinagrO uajnitiD nawayraK

nasatA iskaretnI satilauK padahreT ispesreP iraD - ispesreP naD nahawaB

igolokisP idutS margorP halakaM .lanoisasinagrO nagnukuD padahreT

.aratU artamuS satisrevinU ,imonokE satlukaF

.2002 .ydderF ,itukgnaR sdnarB fO rewoP ehT akatsuP aidemarG TP :atrakaJ .

.amatU

abmelaS :atrakaJ .21 isidE ,1 ukuB ,isasinagrO ukalireP .8002 .egduJ nad snibboR

.tapmE


37

SKEDNI TP :atrakaJ .pakgneL isidE isasinagrO ukalireP .6002 .P .S ,snibboR

.AIDEMARG KOPMOLEK

isrevortnoK ,pesnoK :isasinagrO ukalireP .6991 .P nehpetS ,snibboR ,isakilpA ,

.odnillahnerP TP :atrakaJ .1 diliJ

9002 .aziR ,inuyhaS . nasaupeK ,nawayraK ajreK A anacneR naD TOWS sisilan

S kigetart P nagnabmegne S rebmu D aya M aisuna D mala U ayap

M naktakgnine P iD nanayale A .H DUSR nahabaraM zizA ludb

K natnamila – S nuhaT natale 9002 )2S( ispirkS . retsigaM idutS margorP

ikaS hamuR isartsinimdA isartnesnoK takaraysaM nataheseK umlI ,t

.gnarameS ,orogenopiD satisrevinU

fitatitnauK natakedneP ispirkS tesiR edoteM .2102 .nahtanoJ ,onowraS

eM xelE TP :atrakaJ .SSPS rudesorP nakanuggneM .odnitupmoK aid

.0102 .salohciN ,atamramiS roivaheB pihsnezitiC lanoitazinagrO iagabeS )BCO(

.nawayraK ajreniK samuleP

.9002 .onoiguS sinsiB naitileneP edoteM .atebaflA .VC :gnudnaB .

.tesffO idnA .VC :atrakaygoY .sinsiB tesiR edoteM .0102 .otnayiluS

oynuS .gnanaD ,ot 002 8 . tairaviB isaleroK nad isergeR sisilanA :atrakaygoY .

.skooB aramA

.9002 .asotnaS nad otnayirT roivaheB pihsnezitiC lanoitazinagrO naD )BCO(

.nawayraK ajreK nasaupeK nad rauleK nanignieK padahreT aynhuragneP

eM 4.oN ,7.loV ,nemejanaM lanruJ .9002 i

.amatU akatsuP aidemarG TP :atrakaJ .sinsiB tesiR edoteM .2002 .niesuH ,ramU

moc.topsgolb.nugmamisam//:ptth .1102 rebmevoN 51 laggnat seskaiD .


47

di.ca.dapnu.yrotisoper//:ptth . 2 rebmevoN 51 laggnat seskaiD .110

moc.rumitanosrepatpic//:ptth D . 1102 rebmevoN 81 laggnat adap seskai

ukalirep/52/11/8002/moc.sserpdrow.akasaruz//:ptth - /isasinagro . laggnat seskaiD

1102 rebmevoN 02

laicos/moc.gnoovhs.di//:ptth - noitacude/secneics . laggnat seskaiD rebmeseD 02

.1102

gro.aidepikiw.di//:ptth .2102 teraM 61 laggnat seskaiD .


naitileneP renoiseuK .1 NARIPMAL

.htY adapeK

/kapaB /ubI i/araduaS

tapmeT iD

,tamroh nagneD

nemejanaM idutS margorP imonokE satlukaF awsisaham ukales ayaS

gnatnet naitilenep nakadagnem gnades huragneP“ pihsnezitiC lanoitazinagrO

roivaheB padahreT )BCO( ”nawayraK ajreK nasaupeK hilipret araduaS

anug nakusam iagabes tapadnep nakirebmem kutnu nednopser iagabes

iuhategnem huragnep roivaheb pihsnezitic lanoitazinagro )BCO( padahret

ap ajrek nasaupek .)CPSR( noberiC animatreP tikaS hamuR id nawayrak ad

m malaD /kapaB adapek nohom ,nakireb ayas gnay renoiseuk bawajne /ubI

rujujes gnay nabawaj nakirebmem kutnu i/araduaS - nagned iauses nad aynrujuj

kapaB gnay nabawaj nupadA .aynranebes gnay naadaek /ubI/ nakireb i/araduaS

/kapaB irid adap huragnepreb naka kadit /ubI ini naitilenep anerak i/araduaS

atames nakukalid - nad ispirks utiay haimli ayrak nasilunep naulrepek kutnu atam

.nakisakilbupid kutnu kadit

/kapaB ,ayas naparah raseB /ubI isignem kutnu aidesreb i/araduaS

iret nakpacu ayas ,aynnaaidesek satA .ini renoiseuk .hisak am

,iuhategneM ,ayas tamroH

iP noberiC animatreP tikaS hamuR nanipm unaT ahsyrreM


atad isignem araduaS nohom ,ini renoiseuk naaynatrep bawajnem mulebeS

nimajid naka nakireb araduaS gnay nabawaJ( .uluhad hibelret tukireb

k .)aynnaaisahare

:nednopseR ataD

.1 nahakinrep sutatS hakineM muleB / hakiN : )adnA nahilip irakgniL(

.2 nimalek sineJ atinaW / airP : )adnA nahilip irakgniL(

.3 .……………………………………… :rihkaret nakididneP

.4 nalub rep ijaG : )adnA nahilip edok irakgniL(

iD .1 hawab 000.000 1

000.000.1 > – 999.999.1 2

000.000.2 > – 999.999.2 3

000.000.3 > – 999.999.3 4

iD 000.000.4 sata 5

.5 naigab adap ajrekeB ..………………………………… :


adnat nakirebmem nagned nabawaj nakirebmem tapad nednopseR kcehc ( adap )√

las gnay ajas nabawaj utas aynaH .aidesret gnay nabawaj nahilip utas ha

isignem kutnu nohomid uti babes helo ,naaynatrep paites kutnu naknikgnumid

.nikgnum fitkejboes nad aynranebes nagned renoiseuk

.1 renoiseuK roivaheB pihsnezitiC lanoitazinagrO

.oN naataynreP kadiT

hanreP gnaraJ gnadaK -gnadak gnireS ulaleS

msiurtlA .1 nawayrak gnolonem hanrep adnA

.nahibelreb aynajrek nabeb gnay nial

.2 utkaw nakgnaulem hanrep adnA gnay nial nawayrak utnabmem kutnu

.ridah nagnalahreb

.3 utnabmem hanrep adnA ebmem nakirurab nawayrak adap naharagnep

.naksagutid kadit nupiksem

ysetruoC .4 nakadnit libmagnem ulales adnA

aynidajret isapisitnagnem kutnu lawa.nial nawayrak nagned halasam

.5 iagabes pakisreb ulales adnAtna id ada akitek hagnenep ara

.mahap hisilesreb gnay nial nawayrak

eutriV civiC .6 gnaruk gnay lah nakukalem adnA

tapad uti lah numan ,gnitnepm utnabmem kiab aman naktakgnine

adnA naahasurep .

.7 iagabreb malad atres tuki ulales adnAadnanem gnay lautir uata araca i

.naahasurep satitnedi

.8 isamrofni itukignem ulales adnA – nupuam naidajek gnatnet isamrofni

.naahasurep malad nahaburep


.oN naataynreP kadiThanreP gnaraJ

gnadaK -gnadak gnireS ulaleS

.9 irid naktabilem ulales adnAj gnuggnatreb nad aynhunepes bawa

.naajrekep padahret

pihsnamtropS .01 iracnem hanrep kadit adnA - irac

.naahasurep sativitka irad nahalasek

11 taas naahasurep alebmem ulales adnA.kitirkgnem nial nawayrak

21 gnatnet hulegnem kadit ulales adnA

em utauses alages ayntafis nupiks.elepes

ssensuoitneicsnoC 31 utkaw tapet gnatad ulales adnA

.ajrekeb malad

.41 naruta padahret hutap ulales adnA malad id ukalreb gnay metsis nad

.isasinagro

.2 ajreK nasaupeK renoiseuK

.oN naataynreP kadiT tagnaSS ujute

kadiTujuteS larteN ujuteS

tagnaSujuteS

iridnes uti naajrekeP .1 adnA naajrekep iakuynem adnA

.ini taas

.2 tapad nakirebid gnay sagut paiteS nad kiab nagned nakukal adnA

.saup asar naklubminem

.3 sagut nakanaskalem ulales adnAd .bawaj gnuggnat hunep nagne

.4 helorep adnA gnay naagrahgneP nakirebmem ajrek isatserp sata

.iridnesret nasaupek adnA

.5 ini taas adnA naajrekep saguT nad nailhaek nagned iauses kadit

.adnA namalagnep

.6 paites id natilusek imalagnem adnA .adnA naajrekep


.oN naataynreP kadiT tagnaSujuteS


tagnaSujuteS

.7 kiab nagned imahamem kadit adnA .adnA naajrekep ispirksed

ijaG

.8 paites amiret adnA gnay ijaG naajrekep nagned iauses aynnalub

l adnA gnay .nakuka

.9 hapu isasnepmok amirenem adnA.rotnak maj ihibelem ajrekeb akij

.01 atar ijag nakianek amirenem adnA -.alakreb araces sitamoto atar

.11 pukuc amiret adnA gnay ijaG pudih nahutubek ihunemem kutnu

.adnA

ajreK nakeR

21 . nakeR - aidesreb ajrek naker imalagnem adnA akij utnabmem

.naajrekep malad natilusek

.31 nakeR - adnA taubmem ajrek naker.kiab nagned amiretid asarem

.41 nakeR - adnA ajrek naker nakapurem rentrap gnay ajrek

gnilas nad isnetepmok ikilimemnukudnem .g

isivrepuS /nasatA

.51 nakirebmem ulales nasatAkcabdeef padahret )kilab napmu(

.adnA naajrekep lisah

.61 nakirebmem nages kadit nasatA malad nakulrepid gnay naharagnep

.nnaajrekep nakukalem

.71 nakukalem ulales nasatA naigabmep nakrasadreb naajrekep

.nawayrak naupmamek

81 kajaid hadum adnA nasatA.adnA naajrekep gnatnet isuksidreb

isomorP


.oN naataynreP kadiT tagnaSujuteS


tagnaSujuteS

.91 naka adnA sitamoto araceSomorp naktapadnem rirak malad is

.adnA

.02 natapmesek naktapadnem adnA nad nauhategnep habmanem kutnu nakididnep iulalem adnA nailhaek helo nakadaid gnay nahitalep nad

.naahasurep

.12 kutnu natapmesek irebid adnA adebreb gnay naajrekep nakukalem tapad raga utkaw ek utkaw irad

.adnA isakifilauk habmanem


renoiseuK naisigneP ataD isalubaT .2 NARIPMAL

A . roivaheB pihsnezitiC lanoitazinagrO )BCO(

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05 4 4 4 2 4 4 4 3 4 4 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 17.3 15 4 4 4 2 4 4 4 3 4 4 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 17.3 25 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 3 5 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 4 4 5 5 5 91.4 35 4 4 4 4 2 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 00.4 45 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 2 75.3 55 5 5 5 5 1 5 5 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 26.4 65 3 3 4 4 2 3 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 3 26.3 75 4 4 4 4 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 3 3 83.3 85 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 3 3 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 91.4 95 4 4 5 3 3 5 5 3 3 3 3 4 3 4 3 3 3 3 4 3 3 25.3 06 5 4 5 4 5 4 5 3 5 4 1 5 1 5 3 3 3 3 3 5 3 67.3 16 5 4 5 5 4 5 5 4 3 5 4 5 5 5 4 5 4 5 2 3 4 33.4 26 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 2 4 2 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 3 00.4 36 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 4 67.3 46 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 17.3 56 4 3 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 1 3 2 75.3 66 4 4 4 4 3 3 4 3 3 4 4 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 75.3 76 4 5 5 5 5 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 2 2 3 3 2 4 2 67.3 96 4 4 4 4 5 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 2 4 4 4 00.4 96 4 3 4 3 3 4 4 3 2 4 3 3 4 3 4 4 4 4 2 2 3 33.3 07 3 4 4 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 3 33.3 17 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 59.3 27 3 3 3 5 5 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 5 4 4 4 3 4 4 59.3 37 4 4 4 5 5 4 5 4 4 3 4 4 4 3 4 5 4 4 3 4 4 50.4 47 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 3 5 5 3 5 5 5 3 4 4 4 3 3 3 42.4 57 4 4 4 4 3 3 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 18.3


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ysetruoC 12.3 619. 021 ysetruoc 40.3 569. 021

eutriv civic 79.2 079. 021 eutriv civic 49.2 368. 021 eutriv civic 14.3 039. 021 eutriv civic 72.4 959. 021

pihsnamtrops 02.2 074.1 021 pihsnamtrops 33.3 600.1 021 pihsnamtrops 59.2 630.1 021

ssensuoitneicsnoc 84.4 166. 021 ssensuoitneicsnoc 26.4 426. 021

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lamroN

sretemaraP a

naeM 3504.3 5268.3

noitaiveD .dtS 00164. 86293.

emertxE tsoM

secnereffiD

etulosbA 470. 270.

evitisoP 470. 250.

evitageN - 150. - 270.

vorogomloK - Z vonrimS 708. 787.

2( .giS .pmysA - )deliat 235. 665.

.a .lamron si noitubirtsid tseT


trahC


PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI O RGANI...

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Transcript of PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI O RGANI...