RAWATAN TANAH BAGI PEMBINAAN JALAN DI KAWASAN BERPAYA.

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RAWATAN TANAH BAGI PEMBINAAN JALAN DI KAWASAN BERPAYA. MESYUARAT PENGURUSAN JKR PAHANG JULAI 2011C

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RAWATAN TANAH BAGI PEMBINAAN JALAN DI KAWASAN BERPAYA.

Transcript of RAWATAN TANAH BAGI PEMBINAAN JALAN DI KAWASAN BERPAYA.

  • RAWATAN TANAH BAGI PEMBINAAN JALAN DI KAWASAN BERPAYA.

    MESYUARAT PENGURUSAN JKR PAHANGJULAI 2011C

  • 1.1DEFINATIONPaya- Swamp is a wetland with some flooding of large area of land by shallow bodies of water. Also known as peat, bogs, moors, muskegs, mires and fens.Swamp acts as a reservoir holding water above ground water level

    1.0LITERATURE

  • CUR (2001) telah menyenaraikan masalah yang dihadapi oleh Jurutera semasa menjalankan kerja tanah di kawasan berpaya.Sukar untuk dimasukiJalan masuk yang terhad.Pemendapan akan berlaku dalam jangkamasa yang lama.Tanah tidak stabil.

  • Tanah lembut dan mudah tenggelam.Keupayaan galas tanah yang rendah.Paras air bawah tanah yang tinggi.Tambakan akan mudah mendap dan senang gagal.Mendapan berlaku disebabkan penurunan tekanan air bawah tanah.

  • 1.2COMMON EMBANKMENT FAILUREPROJECT SCHEDULING FOR CONSTRUCTION OF ROADWORKS IN SWAMPY AREA*Common Embankment Failure

    PROJECT SCHEDULING FOR CONSTRUCTION OF ROADWORKS IN SWAMPY AREA

  • 1.3FOUNDATION TREATMENT

    Common method of foundation treatment used in road construction:-R&RPerforated Vertical Drain (PVD)Surcharge Stone ColumnSoil Reinforcement

  • R&R

  • R&R

  • R&R

  • 1.3.1Remove and Disposed Unsuitable MaterialsUnsuitable materials shell be excavated to such depth and over such area as drawing or as directed.All excavated materials and unwanted materials from clearing, grubbing, stripping top soil shell be disposed from site.Unsuitable materials include:-Running silt, peat, logs, stumps, slurry or mud.Consisting of highly clay and siltLL exceeding 80% and PI exceeding 55%Lost weight greater than 2.5 % on ignition

  • 3.1.2Replacement of Unsuitable Materials Under Standing Water.The replacement of unsuitable materials shell be done under standing water, void created due to removal of unsuitable materials shall be backfilled with hard clean crushed rock, natural gravel or sand.

  • 1.3.3Earth EmbankmentMaterials- Shall be suitable materials obtained from excavation in cutting or designated borrow pitPlacement of Fill MaterialsShell be deposited in layer ( 300mm per layer)Each layer shall extended over the full width of the fill area

  • .Earth EmbankmentCompactionShall be compacted as soon as practicable after being placed and spread.Compaction of embankment slope, compacted layer should extended beyond the design slope.Degree of CompactionInSitu Density Test (Top 300mm) > 95% Dry Density(Below 300mm) >90% Dry Density

  • Perforated Vertical Drain (PVD)PROJECT SCHEDULING FOR CONSTRUCTION OF ROADWORKS IN SWAMPY AREA*

    PROJECT SCHEDULING FOR CONSTRUCTION OF ROADWORKS IN SWAMPY AREA

  • PVDPipe with a thin vertical section of drainage compositePlastic tube with a non-woven geotextile cover.Digunakan bagi mempercepatkan proses pemadatan (Consolidation Process) dengan mempercepatkan pengeluaran zarah air dari tanah.PROJECT SCHEDULING FOR CONSTRUCTION OF ROADWORKS IN SWAMPY AREA*

    PROJECT SCHEDULING FOR CONSTRUCTION OF ROADWORKS IN SWAMPY AREA

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  • SURCHARGEPROJECT SCHEDULING FOR CONSTRUCTION OF ROADWORKS IN SWAMPY AREA*

    PROJECT SCHEDULING FOR CONSTRUCTION OF ROADWORKS IN SWAMPY AREA

  • SURCHARGEMerupakan salah satu kaedah rawatan tanah.Kaedah untuk mempercepatkan keupayaan galas tanah.PROJECT SCHEDULING FOR CONSTRUCTION OF ROADWORKS IN SWAMPY AREA*

    PROJECT SCHEDULING FOR CONSTRUCTION OF ROADWORKS IN SWAMPY AREA

  • SURCHARGE*

  • PROJECT SCHEDULING FOR CONSTRUCTION OF ROADWORKS IN SWAMPY AREA*

    PROJECT SCHEDULING FOR CONSTRUCTION OF ROADWORKS IN SWAMPY AREA

  • PROJECT SCHEDULING FOR CONSTRUCTION OF ROADWORKS IN SWAMPY AREA*

    PROJECT SCHEDULING FOR CONSTRUCTION OF ROADWORKS IN SWAMPY AREA

  • KERAJAAN MALAYSIA J A B A T A N K E R J A R A Y A M A L A Y S I A INSTRUMENTATION

  • Purposes of instrumentation (design/prediction verification)SM = Surface marker (to check surface deformation)SG= Settlement gauge (to check ground settlement)Piezo= Piezometer (pheumatic or electrical, to check excess pore water pressure)INC= Inclinometer (to check lateral deformation of subsoil)EXT= Extensometer (to check deformation of deeper compressible stratum)Instrumentation

  • KERAJAAN MALAYSIA J A B A T A N K E R J A R A Y A M A L A Y S I A INSTALLATION OF PNEUMATIC PIEZOMETER IN PROGRESS

  • KERAJAAN MALAYSIA J A B A T A N K E R J A R A Y A M A L A Y S I A SETTLEMENT GAUGE

  • KERAJAAN MALAYSIA J A B A T A N K E R J A R A Y A M A L A Y S I A SETTLEMENT MARKER

  • KERAJAAN MALAYSIA J A B A T A N K E R J A R A Y A M A L A Y S I A INSTALLATION OF STAND PIPE PIEZOMETER IN PROGRESS

  • Tujuan pemasangan instrument geoteknik dibuat adalah :

    a. Untuk menentusahkan parameter yang digunakan semasa rekabentuk

    b. Untuk memerhatikan tingkahlaku tambakan di bawah bebanan.

    c. Digunakan sebagai alat untuk pemantauan.

    Kerja penambakan akan diberhentikan sekiranya :U/ > 0.7H/V > 0.5 Max. surface heave > 0.2Max. Vertical Settlement

  • PROJECT SCHEDULING FOR CONSTRUCTION OF ROADWORKS IN SWAMPY AREA*

    PROJECT SCHEDULING FOR CONSTRUCTION OF ROADWORKS IN SWAMPY AREA

  • KERAJAAN MALAYSIA J A B A T A N K E R J A R A Y A M A L A Y S I A Ground Treatment - Type BThis treatment is proposed where weak compressible soft clay < 6m thick. A 1000mm thick drainage blanket layer shall be provided and the embankment shall be preloaded with 1.0m high surcharge (rest period of between 4 - 6 months).

    Typical sketch - Figure 2 and Figure 2aGround Treatment - Type ATreatment (Remove and Replace) in areas where weak residual sub-grade material is encountered with SPT (N) < 4 and Mackintosh probe < 30 .

    Typical sketch - Figure 1 and Figure 1a

  • KERAJAAN MALAYSIA J A B A T A N K E R J A R A Y A M A L A Y S I A Ground Treatment - Type CTreatment Type C is proposed where deep compressible soft clay > 6m thick. A 1000mm thick drainage blanket layer shall be provided and the embankment shall be, Preloaded with 1.5m high surcharge complimented with vertical drains. (rest period of between 4 - 6 months).

    Typical sketch - Figure 3 and Figure 3aGround Treatment - Type DThis treatment, to be introduced at approach embankments abutting the bridges, comprises of RC slab of 450mm thick supported by 250mm x 250mm square piles.

    Typical sketch -Figure 4

  • AHMAD ZAKI SENDIRIAN BERHAD KERAJAAN MALAYSIA J A B A T A N K E R J A R A Y A M A L A Y S I A Figure 1aGROUND TREATMENT TYPE A

  • AHMAD ZAKI SENDIRIAN BERHADKERAJAAN MALAYSIA J A B A T A N K E R J A R A Y A M A L A Y S I A Type BFigure 2GROUND TREATMENT TYPE A

  • AHMAD ZAKI SENDIRIAN BERHADKERAJAAN MALAYSIA J A B A T A N K E R J A R A Y A M A L A Y S I A Figure 2aGROUND TREATMENT TYPE B

  • AHMAD ZAKI SENDIRIAN BERHADKERAJAAN MALAYSIA J A B A T A N K E R J A R A Y A M A L A Y S I A Type CFigure 3GROUND TREATMENT TYPE B

  • AHMAD ZAKI SENDIRIAN BERHADKERAJAAN MALAYSIA J A B A T A N K E R J A R A Y A M A L A Y S I A Figure 3aGROUND TREATMENT TYPE C

  • AHMAD ZAKI SENDIRIAN BERHADKERAJAAN MALAYSIA J A B A T A N K E R J A R A Y A M A L A Y S I A Type DFigure 4GROUND TREATMENT TYPE C

  • KERAJAAN MALAYSIA J A B A T A N K E R J A R A Y A M A L A Y S I A EXCAVATION WORKS FOR GROUND TREATMENT WORKS

  • KERAJAAN MALAYSIA J A B A T A N K E R J A R A Y A M A L A Y S I A PROGRESS PHOTOS GROUND TREATMENT CH 2950 CH 3400 RHS

  • KERAJAAN MALAYSIA J A B A T A N K E R J A R A Y A M A L A Y S I A FIXED LOCATION EMBANKMENT FILL AT CH 10100 CH 11000 LHS

  • KERAJAAN MALAYSIA J A B A T A N K E R J A R A Y A M A L A Y S I A SURCHARGE

  • KERAJAAN MALAYSIA J A B A T A N K E R J A R A Y A M A L A Y S I A GROUND TREATMENT TYPE B & C SAND BLANKETPREFABRICATED VERTICAL DRAIN

  • AHMAD ZAKI SENDIRIAN BERHAD KERAJAAN MALAYSIA J A B A T A N K E R J A R A Y A M A L A Y S I A GEOTEXTILE SEPERATOR300mm SAND LAYER

  • KERAJAAN MALAYSIA J A B A T A N K E R J A R A Y A M A L A Y S I A EMBANKMENT FILLSURCHARGE FILL

  • AHMAD ZAKI SENDIRIAN BERHADKERAJAAN MALAYSIA J A B A T A N K E R J A R A Y A M A L A Y S I A GROUND TREATMENT TYPE D

  • DOS & DONTS : GEOTECHNIC WORKSFollow the latest code practice.Full time supervision from soil investigation to construction works must be done by competent personal only.Recording have to be done on proper recording sheet at site.Construction sequence on site should always follow Method Statements and Approved Drawings.All lab test for design purpose must be witnessed and approved by experience geotechnical personal.Best Practice

  • Filling rate of embankment not following the specification (300mm/layer)> 300 mmUncontroled filling rate can cause immediate failure to the embankment

  • Improper compaction and poor selection fill material during construction leads undulating surface to the pavementUndulating surface Decaying tree trunks used with USM as filling materialUSM as fill material

  • Filling rate of 300mm/layer and proper compaction with correct recording and field test Field test must be carried out to ensure degree of compaction according to specificationSand Replacement Test

  • Common mistake of geotextiles installation during construction

    Geotextile not stitched Encroachment of USM due unstitched Geotextile Deterioration of geotextile due long exposure

  • Best practice of geotextile installationGeotextile stitched using proper tools Geotextile are laid properlyImmediate filling after installation of geotextile

  • TERIMA KASIH

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