Pengenalan Sukan Pengenalan Sukan dan dan

Kesenggangan (Rekreasi)Kesenggangan (Rekreasi)

''SportSport'- an activity with a '- an activity with a significant physical component in significant physical component in which two or more participants which two or more participants

engage for the purpose of engage for the purpose of competitively evaluating their competitively evaluating their

personal performance.personal performance.

The Coaching Association of CanadaThe Coaching Association of Canada

1.  At the end of each game they must be a 1.  At the end of each game they must be a winner and a loser. winner and a loser.

2.  There must be practice, which is non- 2.  There must be practice, which is non- competitive, that teaches the skills of the competitive, that teaches the skills of the game. game.

                        3.  Throughout the game there must be 3.  Throughout the game there must be "official rules and procedures". "official rules and procedures".

                        4.  Throughout the game "tactics and 4.  Throughout the game "tactics and strategies" should be used. strategies" should be used.

                                               

5.  Muscle and nerve coordination should be 5.  Muscle and nerve coordination should be taught and learned.taught and learned.

6.  A repeating "movement or form" that 6.  A repeating "movement or form" that includes a "certain degree of risk" or includes a "certain degree of risk" or effort. effort.

                      7.  A teacher or coach whom is not only 7.  A teacher or coach whom is not only trained in skills of that particular sport trained in skills of that particular sport but other subjects like nutrition sport but other subjects like nutrition sport psychology, biomechanics, and psychology, biomechanics, and physiology.physiology.

Samb…..

SUKANSUKAN

KLASIFIKASIKLASIFIKASI

RacingRacing

Human-powered (Human-powered (RunningRunning, , swimmingswimming,....) ,....)

Human-assisted (Human-assisted (CyclingCycling, , rowingrowing, , canoeingcanoeing, ...) , ...)

External power source (External power source (Motor racingMotor racing, ,

sailingsailing, , powerboatingpowerboating...) ...)

Opponent Opponent Combat (Combat (JudoJudo, , karatekarate, , boxingboxing...) ...)

Court (Court (TennisTennis, , badmintonbadminton, , volleyballvolleyball, , squashsquash...) ...)

Team (Team (FootballFootball, , RugbyRugby, , ice hockeyice hockey, , field hockeyfield hockey, , baseballbaseball, ,

softballsoftball...) ...)

AchievementAchievement

Target (Target (ArcheryArchery, , golfgolf, , shootingshooting ...) ...)

Display (Display (GymnasticsGymnastics, bodybuilding, , bodybuilding, diving...) diving...)

Strength (Weight-lifting, triple jump, Strength (Weight-lifting, triple jump, shot put ...) shot put ...)

A combination of all categories A combination of all categories

(Athletics) (Human-powered, Team, (Athletics) (Human-powered, Team, Strength) Strength)

Leisure Leisure (Kesenggangan)(Kesenggangan)

Leisure is that it represents the Leisure is that it represents the free time that people have after free time that people have after they have taken care of their they have taken care of their necessities and after their work necessities and after their work has been performed.has been performed.

(Cordes & Ibrahim, 1999)(Cordes & Ibrahim, 1999)

Permission to do as one pleases at Permission to do as one pleases at one’s own pace, to participate in an one’s own pace, to participate in an activity of one’s own choice, and to activity of one’s own choice, and to

abandon abandon the activity at will. the activity at will.

(Cordes and Ibrahim, 1999)(Cordes and Ibrahim, 1999)

French sociologist, French sociologist, Dumazedier (1974),Dumazedier (1974),

defines leisure defines leisure as non-work activity that people as non-work activity that people engage in during their free timeengage in during their free time

Leisure has generally been perceived Leisure has generally been perceived as free time and freely chosen as free time and freely chosen

activity activity

Leisure ComponentLeisure Component

Two clusters of leisure activity:Two clusters of leisure activity:1.1. ““Relaxed Leisure” - socializing, Relaxed Leisure” - socializing,

watching television, reading, and watching television, reading, and listening to music. listening to music.

2.2. ““Transitional Activities” was Transitional Activities” was represented by two activity types: represented by two activity types: (i) sports and games, and (i) sports and games, and

(ii) arts and hobbies. (ii) arts and hobbies. Ellis & Radmacher (1987)Ellis & Radmacher (1987)

Play and RecreationPlay and Recreation

Leisure can encompass play and Leisure can encompass play and recreational activitiesrecreational activities

As physical activity moves from play to sport, the

following occurs.

1] Physical activity becomes less 1] Physical activity becomes less spontaneous and more controlled by rules.spontaneous and more controlled by rules.

2] Individuals put in more effort and time in 2] Individuals put in more effort and time in learning skills, preparing tactics and learning skills, preparing tactics and playing to win.playing to win.

3] Spectators become more evident and 3] Spectators become more evident and involved.involved.

4] The rewards involve personal enjoyment 4] The rewards involve personal enjoyment and gaining awards, prizes and recognitionand gaining awards, prizes and recognition