Y5 GLOSSARY

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UNIT SAINS DAN MATEMATIK JPN JOHORMODUL INTERVENSI 2008

INVESTIGATING LIVING THINGS

VOCABULARY

1 Mould kulat

2 Quarantine Diasingkan

3 Biodegradation Biodegradasi / boleh diuraikan

4 Compost Kompos

5 Contagious Berjangkit

6 Humus Humus

7 Fair test Ujian sah

8 Intraspeciescompetiton

Persaingan antara spesis

9 Extinction Kepupusan

10 Shortage Kekurangan

11 Consumer Pengguna

12 Food chain Rantai makanan

13 Producer Pengeluar

14 Represented Diwakili

15 Food web Siratan makanan

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THERMINOLOGY

1 Biodegradation The process where a substance can be changed back to aharmless natural state by the reaction of bacteria andwill not damage the environment

2 Compost A mixture of decayed plants, food that can be added tosoil to help plants grow

3 Contagious Diseases that can be spread easily from one person toanother

4 Humus A substance made from dead leaves and plants, added tothe soil to help plants grow

5 Microscopic Extremely small and difficult or impossible to seewithout a microscope

6 Mould A type of fungi that grow on bread, rice and fruits

7 Quarantine Isolated from other people

8 Endangered Threaten

9 Extinct No longer exist

10 Fair test Manipulating one variable at a time

11 Intraspeciescompetition

Competition among the same species

12 Survival The state of continuing to live or exist

13 Food chain Shows the food relationship among plants and animals

14 Food web Consists of food chains that are linked together

15 Primary consumer First animal in the food chain

16 Producers Plants; they make their own food

17 Secondary consumer Second animal in the food chain

INVESTIGATING FORCE AND ENERGY

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VOCABULARY

1 Bonding Ikatan

2 Captured Dipernagkap

3 Curiosity Naluri ingin tahu

4 Exploitation Eksploitasi, penggunaan

5 Forces Daya

6 Harness Memanfaatkan

7 Imagination Imaginasi

8 Installed Dipasang

9 Laundry Dobi

10 Refinery Penapis

11 Substance Bahan

12 Turbines Turbin

13 Ultimate Utama, asas

14 Appliances Peralatan

15 Catapult Lastik

16 Constant Tetap

17 Powered Digerakkan

18 Stretch Tarik, regang

19 Transformed Diubah

20 Administer Tadbir

21 Distribute Mengagihkan

22 Elicit Mencungkil

23 Landfills Tapak pelupusan

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24 match Sepadan

25 Odourless Tidak berbau

26 Readily available Mudah diperolehi

27 Renewable Diperbaharui

28 Replenished Diganti semula

29 Residues Hasil buangan

30 Shuffle Kocok, menyelerakkan

31 Term Istilah

32 Wastage Pembaziran

33 Wisely Secara bijaksana

34 Appreciable Jelas, ketara

35 Arrays Membariskan, susunan

36 Convenient Mudah digunakan

37 Fraction Segelintir, pecahan

38 Arrangements Susunan

39 Interrupt Memotong, mencelah

40 Pathways Jalan kecil, lorong

41 Receiver Penerima

42 Represent Mewakili

43 Various Aneka, pelbagai

44 Devices Peranti, alat

45 Extensive Lebar

46 Indicate Menandakan, menunjukkan

47 Lethal Membawa maut

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48 Muscles Otot, urat

49 Nerve Saraf

50 Resistance Penentangan

51 Beam Alur cahaya

52 Light source Sumber cahaya

53 Luminous Berkilau

54 Opaque Legap

55 Non luminous Tidak berkilau

56 Penumbra Penumbra

57 Phenomenon Fenomena/ kejadian

58 Shadow Bayang-bayang

59 Straight line Garis lurus

60 Translucent Lut cahaya

61 Travel Bergerak

62 Umbra Umbra

63 Vacuum Vakum

64 Diffused reflection Pantulan kabur

65 Image Imej

66 Incident light Cahaya tuju

67 Ray diagram Gambar rajah sinar

68 Reflected light Cahaya pantulan

69 Reflection Pantulan

70 Regular reflection Pantulan biasa

71 Degree of hotness Darjah kepanasan

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72 Drying clothes Menjemur pakaian

73 Food industry Industri pembuatan makanan

74 Heat Haba

75 Indicator Petunjuk

76 Launderette industry Industri pencucian pakaian

77 Manufacturingindustry

Industri pembuatan

78 Concrete slabs Kepingan konkrit

79 Contract Mengecut

80 Dent Kemek

81 Expand Mengembang

82 Mercury Raksa

83 Pavement Laluan pejalan kaki

84 Railway track Landasan keretapi

85 Snap Putus

86 Solidifies Membeku

87 Steam pipe Paip air panas

88 Mercury Raksa, merkuri

89 Phenomenon Fenemena, kejadian

90 Temperature Suhu

91 Thermometer Thermometer

92 Weather forecaster Penyampai ramalan kaji cuaca

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THERMINOLOGY

1 Appliances A home device or equipment which performs a certaintask or function

2 Atmospheric pressure The force per unit area exerted against a surface by the

weight of the air molecules above the surface

3 Chemical energy Energy from the chemicals present in things such abatteries, food or fuels

4 Decomposing To break down or break up into parts as in rotting

5 Electrical energy Energy obtained from sources such as batteries,dynamos and accumulators

6 Heat energy Energy that causes a change in temperature or a changein state

7 Hydroelectric power Electricity produced by using flowing water from a damto turn a turbine

8 Kinetic energy Energy present in a moving object

9 Light energy Energy produced by light

10 Metabolism All of the energetic reactions that take place ia a cell ororganism

11 Non-renewableenergy Energy that cannot be replenished when used up

12 Photosynthesis A process in which plants, algae and some bacteriaharness light from the Sun to produce food

13 Potential energy Energy in object due to its position or height

14 Renewable energy Energy that can be replenished when used up

15 Respiration The process of inhaling oxygen and exhaling carbondioxide and water

16 Solar energy Energy from the Sun

17 Sound energy Energy caused by vibrations

18 Turbine A wheel with blades that are rotated by a flow air orwater

19 Accumulator A device which can generate electric current

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20 Circuit diagram A diagram that represents the circuit

21 Current Rate of electric charges that flow from one another inan electric circuit

22 Dynamo A device that changes energy from the movement of

wind or water into electricity

23 Dry cell A device which can generate electric current

24 Electric shock A sudden response of the body when electricity passes orenters the body

25 Electrocution A sudden death caused by electricity

26 Hydroelectric power Using the power of water to produce electricity

27 Parallel circuit An electric circuit in which the components areconnected separately

28 Series circuit An electric circuit in which the electrical source andother components are connected one after another

29 Solar cell Using the Suns energy to turn into electricity

30 Beam A few lines of light rays that go out from a light source

31 Image A picture that looks very similar to something

32 Light ray A small beam of light that goes out from a light source

33 Light sourcr Something that produces or emit light

34 Opaque Does not allow light to pass through

35 Reflection Does not pass through, but bounces back

36 Shadow A dark image formed when light is blocked by an opaqueor translucent object

37 Translucent Allows a small amount of light to pass through

38 Contract Becomes smaller/ decrease in size

39 Expand Becomes bigger / increases in size

40 Heat A form energy which makes things hot

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41 Sag A line or string that hangs or bends down in the middleeither because of weight or length

42 Temperature A measure of how hot or cold a substance is

43 Thermometer An instrument used for measuring temperature

ADDITIONAL NOTES

ENERGY is the ability to do work. The energy that we use can exist in different forms.

KINETIC ENERGY Is related to motion of waves, electrons, atoms, molecules

substances and objects

ELECTRICAL ENERGY Is the movement of electric charges. Electric charges thatmove through a wire is called electricity. Lightning isanother example of electrical energy

THERMAL ENERGY Is the internal energy in substances due to the vibration andmovement of the atoms and molecules within substances.Geothermal energy is an example of thermal energy

MOTION ENERGY Is the movement of objects and substances from one placeto another. Objects and substances move when a force is

applied. Wind is an example of motion energy

SOUND ENERGY Is the movement of energy through substances. Sound isproduced when a force causes an object or substance tovibrate

POTENTIAL ENERGT Is the energy that is stored and related to the position ofsomething

CHEMICAL ENERGY Is the energy stored in the bonds of atoms and molecules. Itis the energy that holds these particles together. Biomass,petroleum, natural gas and propane are examples of stored

chemical energy

MECHANICAL ENERGY Is the energy stored in objects by the application of theforce. Compressed springs and stretched rubber bands areexamples of stored mechanical energy

NUCLEAR ENERGY Is the energy stored in the nucleus of an atom. It is theenergy that holds the nucleus together. Nuclear powerplants split the nuclei of uranium atoms is a process called

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fission that releases energy

GRAVITIONAL ENERGY Is the energy of position or place. A rock at the top of a hillcontains gravitational potential energy. Hydropower, suchas water in a reservoir behind a dam, is an example ofgravitational potential energy

Transformation of energy always follow the Law of Conservation of Energy whichstates that :

Energy cannot be created or destroyed

Energy can be changed from one form to another

When energy changes its form, the total amount of energy isconstant.

Examples of the transformation of energy found around us :

CAR

The chemical energy stored in petrol is converted into heatin a car engine. This heat energy is used to move themechanical parts of the car so it can move. Thus, chemicalenergy is converted into kinetic energy

FAN

Electrical energy is transformed into kinetic energy to turn

the blades of the fan

FLASHLIGHT

Stored energy in a flashlights battery becomes light energywhen the flashlight is turned on

IRON

Electrical energy is used to heat a coil and transforms into

heat energy

Electrical energy is transformed into sound energy throughthe speakers

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Chemical energy heat energy kineti

Chemical energy kinetic energy

Chemical energy light energy

Electrical energy heat energy


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RADIO

TELEPHONE

When you talk on the phone, your voice is transformed intoelectrical energy which passes over wires. The phone on the

other end changes the electrical energy into sound throughthe speaker

TELEVISION

A television changes electrical energy into light and soundenergy

TOASTER

A toaster changes electrical energy into heat and lightenergy

INVESTIGATING MATERIALS

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Electrical energy sound energy

Electrical energy sound energy

Electrical energy light energy + sound energy

Electrical energy heat energy + light energy


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VOCABULARY

1 Gas Gas

2 Liquid Cecair

3 Solid Pepejal

4 Ion Ion

5 Boiling Mendidih

6 Condensation Kondensasi

7 Evaporation Penyejatan

8 Freezing Pembekuan

9 Melting Peleburan

10 Condensation Kondensasi

11 Cloud Awan

12 Water cycle Kitar air

13 Water vapour Wap air

14 Industrial waste Kumbahan industri

15 Acidic Berasid

16 Alkaline Beralkali

17 Bitter Pahit

18 Burn Lecur

19 Caustic Kaustik

20 Corrosive Menhkakis

21 Dilute acid Asid cair

22 Litmus paper Kertas Litmus

23 Neutral Neutral

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24 Neutralization Peneutralan

25 Properties Sifat

26 Sour Masam

27 Strong acid Asid kuat

28 Weak acid Asid lemah

THERMINOLOGY

1 Condensation The process when gas changes to liquid

2 Evaporation The process when liquid changes to gas

3 Freezing The process when liquid changes to solid

4 Ion An atom that carries an electrical charge

5 Melting The process when solid changes to liquid

6 Water cycle Continuous movement of water from the Earths surfaceinto the air and back to the Earths surface again

7 Acidic The characteristics of a substances that tastes sour and

changes the colour of blue litmus paper to red

8 Alkaline The characteristics of a substance that tastes bitter andchanges the colour of red litmus paper to blue

9 Bitter The taste of substance that are alkaline

10 Litmus paper A type of paper used to test whether a substance isacidic or alkaline

11 Neutral The characteristics of a substance that does not changethe colour of litmus papers neither acidic nor alkaline

12 Properties Characteristics of substances for example, acidic,alkaline or neutral

13 Sour The taste of substance that are acidic

INVESTIGATING THE EARTH AND THE UNIVERSE

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VOCABULARY

1 Big Dipper Buruj Biduk

2 Brilliant Terang

3 Canister Bekas

4 Constellations Buruj

5 Orion Buruj Belantik

6 Poke Tebuk

7 Referred to Dirujuk sebagai

8 Resemble Menyerupai

9 Scorpion Buruj Skorpio

10 Southern Cross Buruj Pari

11 Visible Kelihatan

12 Imaginary Bayangan

13 Axis Paksi

14 Counterclockwise Arah lawan jam

15 Simulation Simulasi

16 Illuminated Diterangi

17 Revolution Berputar mengelilingi

18 Phases Fasa

19 Illuminated Diterangi

20 Revolution Berputar mengelilingi

THERMINOLOGY

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1 Big Dipper A group of seven bright stars that forms a bowl andhandle

2 Constellations A group of stars forms a certain pattern in the sky

3 Orion A group of stars that forms a pattern of a hunter

4 Pattern A regular or recognizable form ir order in which a seriesof things occur

5 Scorpion A group of stars that form a pattern of a scorpion

6 Southern Cross A group of four stars that forms a pattern of a cross

7 Emit To give off light

8 Illuminate To shine light on something

9 Occurrence An incident or event that is happening or taking place

10 Phase a stage of period of a cycle

11 Rotate To move in a circle round an axis or a centre

ADDITIONAL NOTES

PHASES OF THE MOON is the revolution of the Moon around the Earth makes the Moonseems to change its shape in the night sky. This is caused by the different angles we

see from the bright part of the Moons surface called phases. The Moon goes throughfour major shapes during cycle that repeats itself every 28 days. These phases follow

the sequence of their occurrence.

NEW MOON

Part of the Moon which is not illuminated faces the Earth.The Moon is not visible. The lighted side of the Moon facesaway from the Earth. This means that the Sun, the Earthand the Moon are almost in a straight line, with the Moon inbetween the Sun and the Earth.

CRESCENT MOON

The moon is less than half illuminated by the Sun. thefraction of the Moons disc that is illuminated increases.This Moon can be seen after the new Moon, but before thefirst quarter Moon. The crescent will grow larger and largereveryday, until it looks like the first quarter Moon.

HALF MOON

Half of the illuminated side of the Moon is visible. Thefraction of the Moons disc that is illuminated increases. Theright half of the Moon appears lighted and the left side of

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the Moon appears dark. During the time between the newMoon and the first quarter Moon, the part of the Moon thatappears lighted gets larger and larger everyday, andcontinues to grow until it reaches the full Moon.

FULL MOON

The Moons illuminated side is visible. The lighted side of

the Moon faces the Earth. This means that the Earth, theSun, and the Moon are nearly in a straight line, with theEarth in the middle. The Moon that we see is very brightbecause it reflects sunlight.

INVESTIGATING TECHNOLOGY

VOCABULARY

1 Design Reka bentuk

2 Identify Kenal pasti

3 Varieties Pelbagai

4 Balance Keseimbangan

5 Combination Gabungan

6 Conical flask Kelalang kon

7 Construction Pembinaan

8 Decoration Hiasan

9 Embedded Dimasukkan

10 Formed Dibentuk

11 Futuristic Masa depan

12 Investigate Menyiasat

13 Placed Diletakkan

14 Steel Besi

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15 Stretched Diregangkan

16 Support Menyokong

17 Topple Tumbang

18 Tripod stand Tungku kaki tiga

19 Upright Tegak

20 Withstand Menahan

21 Stability Kestabilan

22 Structure Binaan

23 Turbulence Bergolak

24 Vibration Gegaran

25 Humidity Kelembapan (udara)

THERMINOLOGY

1 Base area The extent or measurement of the lowest part of anyobject, on which it rests

2 Centre of gravity The point where the weight of the object appears to beconcentrated

3 Cone A solid or hollow object with a circular flat base and sidesthat slopes up to a point

4 Cube A solid or hollow object with six equal square sides

5 Cuboid A solid or hollow object which has six rectangular faces atright angles to each other

6 Cylinder A solid or hollow object with straight parallel sides and acircular or oval base

7 Energy The ability to do work

8 Hemisphere A half of sphere

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9 Pyramid A hollow or solid object with a square or triangular flat baseand sides that slope up to point

10 Sphere A round solid figure in which every point on the surface isof equal distance from the centre

11 Stability It is concerned with an objects ability to return to the wayit was before if disturbed

12 Strength The ability to support mass

13 Structure A building or anything that is constructed from several parts

ADDITIONAL NOTES

STABILITY can be defined as the ability of objects to return to its original state ifdisturbed. If an objects is more stable, it can be able to resist larger forces. Objectsthat are stable will not topple over because they have their weight concentrated low

down. This point called the centre of gravity and the lower it is, the more stable is theobject.

STRENGTH OF STRUCTURES is the ability to resists stress and strength put on thestructure. Bending, compression, tension, vibration and turbulence are some of thestressed that structures withstand. Factors that affect the strength of a structure

include the types of materials used, its length, the cross sectional area or shape, how

the structure is placed, weathering environment such as high or low temperature,humidity and others.

Examples of everyday life situations used to explain how basearea and height effect the stability of a structure :

Base Area

A heavyweight lifter spreads his legs to add stability

The wide distance between the wheels of a racing car isto increase the base area of the car in order to maintainits stability when it is moving fast

Laboratory apparatus such as conical flask and tripodstand has a wide base for the purpose of stability

A raft is more stable than a kayak because a kayak hasless base area

Height

Big animals such as elephant and rhinoceros have shortlegs to lower the centre of gravity for stability

Racing cars are designed with low bodies to lower thecentre of gravity

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Boat passengers are advised to sit when the boat movesfor stability

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Y5 GLOSSARY

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