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© Embedded Computing Systems Research Cluster
Presenter
Engr.Muhammad Mujtaba Asad
FPTV Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Batu Pahat,
Johor, Malaysia.
Supervisor
Dr. Razali Hassan
FPTV Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Batu Pahat,
Johor, Malaysia.
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Title and Introduction
Introduction:
The purpose of designing and development of multifunctional PIC microcontroller based trainer is to design such embedded system trainers which have different functions modules to be used for teaching and learning on one board.
It will help the students of engineering and technical education to get in depth knowledge and practical hands on experience about programming and implementation of PIC microcontroller in various embedded systems applications.
On very affordable price, students may even place this trainer board in their home made labs especially for technical education students trainings ,the trainer to be developed would support the good process of learning.
This PIC trainer consist of ten on-board embedded modules including main board and programmer, and experimental Lab manuals for all embedded modules.
SIMULATION BASED IMPLEMENTATION OF DC-DC BOOST CONVERTOR
USING FUZZY LOGIC CONTROLLER TO ENHANCE THE TEACHING AND
LEARNING OF POWER ELECTRONICS COURSE.
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The current curricular in technical universities and institutions are more theoretical rather than technical hands-on based, thus producing graduates who are unable to meet the ever-rising demand of industry for skilled engineers.
The employment cost is ultimately increased, as the employers have to spend extra on providing the required training.
The emphasis in the light of education policy is to have more hands-on practical rather than academic.
The price range for fully equipped workstations that comes complete with microprocessor or microcontroller training kits is very high and also additional costs such as maintenance of the board should be taken into account.
This contributes to the limited number of boards and the ratio of available board to the students in the lab come to be very high – 1:2 or 1:3, which may depreciate the effectiveness of the teaching and learning process, consequently, the time taken to complete the whole syllabus will lengthen and probably the objective of the module taught will not be achieved.
Most of the technical courses are being taught by using modules, that are prepared by vendors with mostly low academic background. Hence, such modules are produced with fixed features and usually have constraints in adapting to the changing needs of a technical institution.
Problem Statement
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The objective of this Project is:
To design a PIC based educational trainer that can support the teaching and learning of Microprocessor System or Embedded System Design.
To integrate several embedded modules in one training board to facilitate the learning environment for the students of technical education.
To provide the students with an opportunity to be familiar with software tools like compilers, simulators, chip programming software.
To provide a high degree of flexibility of use, which will allow thetrainer/lab board to be used in varying applications.
Objective
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PIC Trainer to be developed should support the decent process of learning and teaching, students can also bring this trainer from their labs and continue work at their own places.
This project serves as a fundamental for the students to indulge actively in the development of embedded system
It is intended that the module designed should be free from any firmware, meaning that it should be open to any program and configuration without having any firmware that could interfere with user programs.
The best thing is that the development of the programs, compiling, and then the simulations are all carried out with the freely available software tool Microchip MPLAB.
PIC Education Trainer for students is the best way to help the students improve their skills and in the meantime reducing the cost for universities.
Scope and Limitation
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The theoretical framework that will be used in the study is the Input-Process-Output Model. In the IPO model, a process is viewed as a series of boxes (processing elements) connected by inputs and outputs. Information or material objects flow through a series of tasks or activities based on a set of rules or decision points.
Theoretical Framework
GRAPHIC LCD SERVO MOTOR CONTROL
ANALOG TO DIGITAL AND DIGITAL TO ANALOG
CONVERTERSEVEN SEGMENT DISPLAY
PIC MAIN BOARD
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Operational Definition
There are many steps involved in the design and development of this training panel. The panel includes, one main PIC board which is integrated with various multi-functional embedded system modules.
All the modules are prototyped, PIC Simulator IDE is used to simulate the interface between the target microcontroller and certain available module . Then, modules are also constructed on a breadboard and tested. The successful modules are then prototyped on a printed circuit board. Finally all the modules together with its running board are integrated and tested for their functionality.
PIC microcontroller main board is the heart of this panel. It acts as the main processing units for all inputs and outputs. Various multi-functional embedded system modules are being controlled using C-language programming which is downloaded in the microcontroller. The modules are multi-functional and hence they are flexible in their operation, which can be modified using programming.
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LITERATURE REVIEW
Hardware component's of PIC Microcontrollers:PIC microcontroller production counts are in the billions per year, and the controllers are integrated into many appliances we have grown used to, like household appliances telecommunication, automotive industry, aerospace industry, industrial automation.
hardware can be classified as input or output. Inputs range from simple switches to complex analog sensors which measure physical values and (ultimately) convert them into a corresponding voltage. Outputs encompass primitive LEDs as well as sophisticated actuators.
Switch/Button : The button is one of the simplest input elements. It consists of two contacts which are connected if the button is pressed. So if one of the contacts is connected to for example GND and the other is connected to the microcontroller input and to VCC through a pull-up resistor (either internally by the microcontroller.
Matrix Keypad: The matrix keypad consists of several buttons which are arranged in a matrix array.
Potentiometer: The potentiometer is a variable voltage divider. It has three pins: Two for the input voltages Ua and Ub, one for the output voltage Uz. Depending on the position of a turning knob, Uz is somewhere within [min{Ua, Ub}, max{Ua, Ub}]. The correlation between the position of the knob and Uz can be either linear or logarithmic.
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LITERATURE REVIEW
Hardware component's of PIC Microcontrollers:LED: The LED (light emitting diode) is the most basic output element. Its form and color vary widely to accommodate a wide variety of applications. The color of a LED is determined by the chemicals used for it. Common colors are red and green, but yellow, orange, blue and white LEDs are also readily available, as well as LEDs emitting light in the infrared or ultraviolet bands.
Numerical display: A seven-segment display (SSD), or seven-segment indicator, is a form of electronic display device for displaying decimal numerals that is an alternative to the more complex dot-matrix displays. Seven-segment displays are widely used in digital clocks, electronic meters, and other electronic devices for displaying numerical information.
Motors: Electric motors use electric energy to achieve a rotary motion. There are two basic principles which are used to create rotary motion in electric motors: the Lorentz force and magnetic attraction.
DC Motor: DC motors use DC voltage to achieve rotary motion. They have two pins with which to control the speed and direction of their rotary motion.
A stepper motor is a brushless, synchronous electric motor that converts digital pulses into mechanical shaft rotation. Every revolution of the stepper motor is divided into a discrete number of steps, in many cases 200 steps, and the motor must be sent a separate pulse for each step.
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Technical Training Boards
PIC Based: The main advantages of using the PIC are low external part count, a wide range of chip sizes (now from 5-pin up!) available, nice choice of compilers (assembly, C++, BASIC, etc.) good wealth of example/tutorial source code and easy programming. Once bought, the PIC's program memory is empty, and needs to be programmed with code (usually HEX files) to be usable in a circuit. Those trainers they controller by PIC architecture they have very good outcomes and results because they are very efficient for educational and training on-board modules.PID Based: The basic function of a controller is to execute an algorithm (electronic controller) based on the control engineer's input (tuning constants), the operators desired operating value (set point) and the current plant process value. They are expensive trainers and only cover some specific operation and not interface with any module.
PLC Based: PLCs based trainers are used in many industries and machines. Unlike general-purpose computers, the PLC is designed for multiple inputs and output arrangements, extended temperature ranges, immunity to electrical noise, and resistance to vibration and impact. These trainers are used for industrial robotics and automation.
Microcontrollers: Microcontrollers may use four-bit words and operate at clock rate frequencies as low as 4 kHz, for low power consumption. They will generally have the ability to retain functionality while waiting for an event such as a button press or other interrupt; power consumption while sleeping may be just Nano watts, making many of them well suited for long lasting battery applications. Other microcontrollers may serve performance-critical roles, where they may need to act more like a digital signal processor (DSP), with higher clock speeds and power consumption.
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Methodology
The main objective of the proposed system is to design the PIC Based Education Trainer that comprises of the ten modules or running board with the target microcontroller.
• 1)PIC microcontroller Main Board including programmer.• 2).On board Interfacing module steeper motor+FRC• 3).On board Interfacing module PS2 keyboard+FRC• 4).On board Interfacing module Graphic LCD• 5).On board Interfacing module real time clock• 6).On board Interfacing module ADC and DAC• 7).On board Digital input and output interfacing modules.• 8).On board IC tester interfacing module.• 9).On board 7 segment display module.• 10).On board real and opto coupler interfacing module and USB
associated hardware for direct connection to USB interface.
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Methodology
The selected modules designed should come with open input/output that are free to be interfaced or ported to any type of microcontrollers. But, due to simplicity, only few microcontrollers are chosen PIC16F84A and PIC16F877.
Before all the modules are prototyped, PIC Simulator IDE Version 5.22 is used to simulate the interface between the target microcontroller and certain available modules. The modules are also constructed on a breadboard and tested.
The successful modules are then prototyped on a printed circuit board. Finally all the modules together with its running board are integrated and tested for their functionality.
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Methodology
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THREE PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION PHASES:
Litrerat Review
Data Collection
Examine/Explore Different Options
Asses, Analyze and Evaluate
Testing
Simulation
Design & Coding
Phase I
Phase II
Phase III
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It is expected to design and develop a PIC microcontroller based multifunctional embedded systems trainer board for technical education, comprising of various embedded system modules which are controlled using single running board consisting a PIC microcontroller.
This trainer board would be very helpful for the undergraduates and diploma students to test and implement their basic knowledge of microcontroller/microprocessor on various embedded systems circuit designs.
The board is likely to support the good cause of teaching and learning in technical education, allowing the teachers to give an insight of the real world applications of the microcontroller/ microprocessor.
Expected Findings
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PROGRAMMER
Graphical LCD and 7 segmentsmodule
Main PIC Board SERVO MOTOR MODULE
Temp Module
I/O AND USB PC
Real time clock
…with wisdom we explore…