INOVASI DALAM PEMBELAJARAN DAN PENGAJARAN BAHASA INGGERIS
DIVER FORMS Version 2.0Dihasilkan oleh:
ZANURIN BIN MOHAMAD SAFAR
GURU CEMERLANG BAHASA INGGERIS
SEKOLAH MENENGAH KEBANGSAAN KULIM
DIVER FORMS (DIFFERENT VERB FORMS) VERSION 2.0
KERTAS KONSEP
1. PENGENALAN
Penulisan esei dalam Bahasa Inggeris sebagai bahasa kedua atau bahasa asing adalah satu tugasan yang mencabar bagi kebanyakan murid. Murid-murid dinilai dari segi pengembangan idea dan juga kualiti bahasa. Masalah yang lebih kompleks adalah masalah kualiti bahasa terutamanya kesalahan tata bahasa dalam ayat-ayat yang ditulis. Kesalahan-kesalahan tata bahasa yang kerap dibuat oleh murid menggugat markah esei mereka serta mempengaruhi markah keseluruhan mata pelajaran Bahasa Inggeris. Oleh yang demikian, satu usaha yang menyeluruh dan berterusan wajar dilaksanakan di semua peringkat bagi menangani masalah kesalahan tata bahasa dalam penulisan esei.
2. PROGRAM YANG DICADANGKAN
Program yang dicadangkan diberi nama DIVER FORMS, singkatan kepada Different Verb Forms. Program ini memberi fokus kepada latih tubi pembinaan ayat yang merangkumi pelbagai ‘tenses’ seperti ‘simple present tense’, ‘simple past tense’, ‘continuous tense’, ‘perfect tense’ dan ‘passive verb’. Program ini dihasilkan oleh En. Zanurin bin Mohamad Safar, Guru Cemerlang Bahasa Inggeris yang bertugas di SMK Kulim, Kulim. Program ini telahpun dilaksanakan di SMK Kulim sejak tiga tahun yang lalu dan telah membuahkan hasil yang positif. Rujuk Lampiran A untuk senarai DIVER FORMS bagi murid Tingkatan 1 hingga Tingkatan 5. Rujuk Lampiran B untuk cadangan pelaksanaan DIVER FORMS untuk proses pembelajaran dan pengajaran.
Nota: DIVER FORMS Version 2.0 merujuk kepada senarai kata kerja yang telah dikemaskini.
3. KONSEP PROGRAM
Program ini mempunyai matlamat membantu murid yang ‘above average’ atau ‘above intermediate’ yang merujuk kepada kumpulan murid yang mempunyai profisiensi Bahasa Inggeris yang sederhana. Mereka mempunyai kemampuan menulis esei dalam Bahasa Inggeris tetapi masih melakukan kesalahan tata bahasa yang kerap dan serius. Program ini mengambil pendekatan ‘focusing on accuracy’ yang berbeza dengan ‘pendekatan ‘focusing on fluency’. Disebabkan proses membetulkan kesalahan tata bahasa mengambil tempoh masa yang lama, program ini adalah program jangka panjang; dicadangkan dilaksanakan bermula daripada Tingkatan 1 hingga Tingkatan 5. Latihan pembinaan ayat yang berfokuskan kepada ‘tenses’ perlu sentiasa dilakukan secara konsisten bagi mendapatkan impak yang dikehendaki. Adalah diharapkan, melalui komitmen murid dan guru yang tinggi, murid-murid dapat mengurangkan kesalahan tata bahasa dari segi ‘tenses’ dan seterusnya meningkatkan kualiti penulisan esei. Dengan itu, matlamat untuk mencapai sekurang-kurangnya gred B bagi PMR atau B+ bagi SPM akan dapat dicapai.
4. PELAKSANAAN PROGRAM
Lampiran B mencadangkan pelaksanaan program berkenaan. Pelaksanaan program ini adalah fleksibel kerana perubahan-perubahan tertentu mungkin perlu dilakukan atas sebab faktor-faktor tertentu seperti latar belakang murid, kebolehan murid serta komitmen guru.
5. PENUTUP
Program ini memerlukan komitmen guru yang tinggi kerana sesungguhnya hanya guru-guru Bahasa Inngerislah yang boleh membetulkan kesalahan tata bahasa yang dibuat oleh murid. Program seperti ini atau mana-mana program yang lebih baik dan berkesan amat perlu dilaksanakan melalui proses pembelajaran dan pengajaran kerana kualiti tata bahasa murid dalam penulisan akan tetap rendah dan mungkin terus merosot sekiranya pihak guru Bahasa Inggeris tidak mengambil sebarang inisiatif untuk menangani masalah berkenaan. Tambahan pula, sekiranya pihak guru Bahasa Inggeris tidak melaksanakan apa juga program yang boleh memberi impak untuk meningkatkan kualiti tata bahasa murid semasa P&P, maka guru-guru Bahasa Inggeris telah menafikan hak murid-murid untuk mendapat keputusan peperiksaan yang lebih baik.
LAMPIRAN A
DIVER FORMS (Different Verb Forms) Version 2.0
Developed byZANURIN BIN MOHAMAD SAFAR
Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Kulim
FORM 1
PRACTICE 1
1. Accept2. Accepts3. Has accepted4. Are accepting5. Is accepted6. Accepted
PRACTICE 2
1. Bathe2. Is bathing3. Have bathed4. Bathes5. Bathed6. Are bathed
PRACTICE 3
1. Carries2. Were carried3. Is carrying4. Have carried5. Carried6. Carry
PRACTICE 4
1. Decorated2. Has decorated3. Are decorated4. Decorates5. Are decorating6. Decorate
PRACTICE 5
1. Encourage2. Has encouraged3. Is encouraging4. Encourages5. Are encouraged6. Encouraged
PRACTICE 6
1. Fill2. Is filled3. Have filled4. Are filling5. Fills6. Filled
PRACTICE 7
1. Is gathering2. Has gathered3. Are gathered4. Gathered5. Gathers6. Gather
PRACTICE 8
1. Helps2. Helped3. Are helped4. Has helped5. Is helping6. Help
PRACTICE 9
1. Increases2. Has increased3. Are increased4. Increased5. Increase6. Is increasing
PRACTICE 10
1. Joined2. Have joined3. Were joining4. Joins5. Join6. Are joined
PRACTICE 11
1. Loves2. Is loved3. Is loving4. Have loved5. Loved6. Love
PRACTICE 12
1. Managed2. Have managed3. Is managed4. Manages5. Manage6. are managing
PRACTICE 13
1. Open2. Has opened3. Is opening4. Opens5. Are opened6. Opened
PRACTICE 14
1. Paint2. Is painted3. Have painted4. Are painting5. Paints6. Painted
PRACTICE 15
1. Is reporting2. Has reported3. Are reported4. Reported5. Reports6. Report
PRACTICE 16
1. Spells2. Spelled3. Are spelt4. Has spelt5. Is spelling6. Spell
PRACTICE 17
1. Types2. Typed3. Are typed4. Has typed5. Is typing6. Type
PRACTICE 18
1. Waited2. Have waited3. Were waiting4. Waits5. Wait6. Are waited
PRACTICE 19
1. Spray2. Has sprayed3. Is spraying4. Sprays5. Is sprayed6. Sprayed
PRACTICE 20
1. Is practising2. Has practised3. Are practised4. Practised5. Practises6. Practise
DIVER FORMS (Different Verb Forms) Version 2.0
Developed byZANURIN BIN MOHAMAD SAFAR
Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Kulim
FORM 2
PRACTICE 1
1. Add2. Is added3. Are adding4. Has added5. Added6. Adds
PRACTICE 2
1. Have blackened2. Blackens3. Is blackening4. Blacken5. Is blackened6. Blackened
PRACTICE 3
1. Are calculating2. Calculated3. Calculates4. Has calculated5. Calculate6. Are calculated
PRACTICE 4
1. Is delivering2. Have delivered3. Was delivered4. Delivers5. Deliver6. Delivered
PRACTICE 5
1. Has entertained2. Entertains3. Are entertaining4. Entertain5. Are entertained6. Entertained
PRACTICE 6
1. Fold2. Is folded3. Are folding4. Has folded5. Folded6. Folds
PRACTICE 7
1. Is greeting2. Have greeted3. Was greeted4. Greets5. Greet6. Greeted
PRACTICE 8
1. Are handling2. Handled3. Handle4. Has handled5. Handles6. Were handled
PRACTICE 9
1. Identify2. Is identified3. Are identifying4. Has identified5. Identified6. Identifies
PRACTICE 10
1. Is judging2. Have judged3. Are judged4. Judge5. Judged6. Judges
PRACTICE 11
1. Learn2. Is learnt3. Are learning4. Has learnt5. Learnt6. Learns
PRACTICE 12
1. Are memorised2. Are memorising3. Have
memorised4. Memorise5. Memorises6. Memorised
PRACTICE 13
1. Is ordering2. Have ordered3. Are ordered4. Has ordered5. Ordered6. Orders
PRACTICE 14
1. Paste2. Pastes3. Pasted4. Are pasting5. Is pasted6. Have pasted
PRACTICE 15
1. Removes2. Has removed3. Is removing4. Are removed5. Remove6. Removed
PRACTICE 16
1. Scold2. Is scolded3. Are scolding4. Has scolded5. Scolded6. Scolds
PRACTICE 17
1. Trained2. Is training3. Have trained4. Trains5. Train6. Is trained
PRACTICE 18
1. Has warned2. Warn3. Warned4. Warns5. Are warned6. Was warning
PRACTICE 19
1. Is spoiling2. Has spoilt3. Are spoilt4. Spoil5. Spoilt6. Spoils
PRACTICE 20
1. Prepared2. Is preparing3. Have prepared4. Prepares5. Prepare6. Is prepared
DIVER FORMS (Different Verb Forms) Version 2.0
Developed byZANURIN BIN MOHAMAD SAFAR
Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Kulim
FORM 3
PRACTICE 1
1. Admire2. Are admiring3. Admired4. Has admired5. Admires6. Were admired
PRACTICE 2
1. Is boiling2. Was boiled3. Boils4. Have boiled5. Boil6. Boiled
PRACTICE 3
1. Were cheated2. Cheats3. Has cheated4. Cheat5. Cheated6. Are cheating
PRACTICE 4
1. Destroyed2. Destroy3. Have destroyed4. Destroys5. Was destroyed6. Is destroying
PRACTICE 5
1. Examine2. Are examining3. Examined4. Has examined5. Examines6. Were examined
PRACTICE 6
1. Frighten2. Are frightening3. Frightened4. Has frightened5. Frightens6. Were frightened
PRACTICE 7
1. Is guarding2. Was guarded3. Guards4. Have guarded5. Guard6. Guarded
PRACTICE 8
1. Were hugged2. Hugs3. Has hugged4. Hug5. Hugged6. Are hugging
PRACTICE 9
1. Instructs2. Is instructed3. Are instructing4. Have instructed5. Instructed6. Instruct
PRACTICE 10
1. Has kissed2. Kissed3. Kisses4. Are kissed5. Is kissing6. Kiss
PRACTICE 11
1. List2. Are listing3. Listed4. Has listed5. Lists6. Were listed
PRACTICE 12
1. Is measuring2. Was measured3. Measures4. Have measured5. Measure6. Measured
PRACTICE 13
1. Are offered2. Offers3. Has offered4. Offer5. Offered6. Are offering
PRACTICE 14
1. Plan2. Is planning3. Have planned4. Is planned5. Plans6. Planned
PRACTICE 15
1. Reduces2. Has reduced3. Are reducing4. Reduce5. Reduced6. Is reduced
PRACTICE 16
1. Share2. Are sharing3. Shared4. Has shared5. Shares6. Were shared
PRACTICE 17
1. Is touching2. Was touched3. Touches4. Have touched5. Touch6. Touched
PRACTICE 18
1. Are watered2. Waters3. Has watered4. Water5. Watered6. Are watering
PRACTICE 19
1. Snatches2. Snatch3. Snatched4. Have snatched5. Was snatching6. Was snatched
PRACTICE 20
1. Pack2. Were packing3. Packs4. Were packed5. Packed6. Has packed
DIVER FORMS (Different Verb Forms) Version 2.0
Developed byZANURIN BIN MOHAMAD SAFAR
Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Kulim
FORM 4
PRACTICE 1
1. Advise2. Is advised3. Have advised4. Are advising5. Advised6. Advises
PRACTICE 2
1. Burns2. Burnt3. Is burning4. Are burnt5. Has burnt6. Burn
PRACTICE 3
1. Have compared2. Compare3. Compares4. Is compared5. Are comparing6. Compared
PRACTICE 4
1. Divided2. Is dividing3. Were divided4. Divides5. Divide6. Has divided
PRACTICE 5
1. Was explained2. Are explaining3. Explain4. Explains5. Has explained6. Explained
PRACTICE 6
1. Face2. Is faced3. Have faced4. Are facing 5. Faced6. Faces
PRACTICE 7
1. Guesses2. Guessed3. Is guessing4. Are guessed5. Has guessed6. Guess
PRACTICE 8
1. Have hunted2. Hunt3. Hunts4. Is hunted5. Are hunting6. Hunted
PRACTICE 9
1. Introduced2. Is introducing3. Were
introduced4. Introduces5. Introduce6. Has introduced
PRACTICE 10
1. Killed2. Have killed3. Are killed4. Kill5. Kills6. Is killing
PRACTICE 11
1. Label2. Is labeled3. Have labeled4. Are labeling5. Labeled6. Labels
PRACTICE 12
1. Mixes2. Mixed3. Is mixing4. Are mixed5. Has mixed6. Mix
PRACTICE 13
1. Have observed2. Observe3. Observes4. Is observed5. Are observing6. Observed
PRACTICE 14
1. Presented2. Is presenting3. Were presented4. Presents5. Present6. Has presented
PRACTICE 15
1. Rejected2. Have rejected3. Are rejected4. Reject5. Rejects6. Is rejecting
PRACTICE 16
1. Support2. Is supported3. Have supported4. Are supporting5. Supported6. Supports
PRACTICE 17
1. Tastes2. Tasted3. Is tasting4. Are tasted5. Has tasted6. Taste
PRACTICE 18
1. Have weighed2. Weigh3. Weighs4. Is weighed5. Are weighing6. Weighed
PRACTICE 19
1. Scattered2. Is scattering3. Were scattered4. Scatters5. Scatter 6. Has scattered
PRACTICE 20
1. Protected2. Have protected3. Are protected4. Have protected5. Protect6. Protects
DIVER FORMS (Different Verb Forms) Version 2.0
Developed byZANURIN BIN MOHAMAD SAFAR
Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Kulim
FORM 5
PRACTICE 1
1. Allow2. Allows3. Are allowed4. Has allowed5. Allowed6. Is allowing
PRACTICE 2
1. Are burying2. Have buried3. Buries4. Bury5. Is buried6. Buried
PRACTICE 3
1. Confesses2. Are confessing3. Confess4. Has confessed5. Confessed6. Were confessed
PRACTICE 4
1. Have dropped2. Dropped3. Is dropped4. Drops5. Drop6. Is dropping
PRACTICE 5
1. Expect2. Are expected3. Expects4. Are expecting5. Expected6. Has expected
PRACTICE 6
1. Fix2. Fixes3. Are fixed4. Has fixed5. Fixed6. Is fixing
PRACTICE 7
1. Are guiding2. Have guided3. Guides4. Guide5. Is guided6. Guided
PRACTICE 8
1. Harasses2. Are harassing3. Harass4. Has harassed5. Harassed6. Were harassed
PRACTICE 9
1. Have invited2. Invited3. Is invited4. Invites5. Invite6. Is inviting
PRACTICE 10
1. Kicks2. Is kicked3. Are kicking4. Has kicked5. Kick6. Kicked
PRACTICE 11
1. Launch2. Launches3. Are launched4. Has launched5. Launched6. Is launching
PRACTICE 12
1. Are moved2. Have moved3. Moves4. Move5. Is moved6. Moved
PRACTICE 13
1. Obtains2. Are obtaining3. Obtain4. Has obtained5. Obtained6. Were obtained
PRACTICE 14
1. Have punished2. Punished3. Is punished4. Punishes5. Punish6. Is punishing
PRACTICE 15
1. Reproduced2. Is reproducing3. Has reproduced4. Were
reproduced5. Reproduces6. Reproduce
PRACTICE 16
1. Supply2. Supplies3. Are supplied4. Has supplied5. Supplied6. Is supplying
PRACTICE 17
1. Turn2. Have turned3. Are turned4. Turns 5. Turned6. Is turning
PRACTICE 18
1. Wraps2. Are wrapping3. Wrap4. Has wrapped5. Wrapped6. Were wrapped
PRACTICE 19
1. Have separated2. Separated3. Is separated4. Separates5. Separate6. Is separating
PRACTICE 20
1. Preserved2. Has preserved3. Is preserving4. Preserves5. Preserve6. Was preserved
LAMPIRAN B
PELAKSANAAN DIVER FORMS Version 2.0
1. Teacher revises the basic grammar rules for these tenses using the following handout:Note: Teacher may also need to revise the different types of noun.
Tense Usage Formula ExampleSimple present
To show a habitual or regular action / to state a truth or fact / to show an action that happens at present
Singular subject / + singularUncountable noun verb
Plural subject / + plural Plural noun verb
[me…../ber……]
She plays netball.Ali buys a new car.
They play netball.My teachers buy some books.
Simple past To show an action that happened at a certain time in the past
Singular past/ Plural + tense subj. verb
[me…./ber……]
She played netball ten minutes ago.Ali bought a new car yesterday.They played netball last week.My teachers bought some books two days ago.
Continuous tense
To show an action taking place at the moment of speaking
To show an action that was happening in the past while another action took place or was taking place
Am, is, are verb + & Was, were ing
[sedang me……]
She is playing netball.Ali is buying a new car.They are playing netball.My teachers are buying some books.Siti was playing netball when I saw her.They were buying a new car when I telephoned them.She was playing netball when he was reading the novel.They were buying a new car while I was admiring a sports car.
Perfect tense
To show an action that has just happened or completed but the time is not specified
Has, have + past participleHad verb
[telah me……]
*Teacher may need to revise past participle verbs
She has played netball.They have bought a new car.She had played netball.They had bought a new car.
Passive verb
To show something is done to something else or someone
is, are + pastwas, were participle verb
[di………….]
The game is played by her.The cars are bought by them.She was sent home.We were sent home.
2. Teacher must always remind students that “Singular or uncountable subject takes singular verb and plural subject takes plural verb”.
3. Teacher reminds students of “SubTiMe” which refers to the three crucial questions which students must ask themselves when they look at each of the verbs given to them:3.1 Question 1: ‘Sub’ stands for ‘subject’ – Students must determine the status of the subject in
the sentence by determining the status of the verb. They ask themselves, “Is the verb singular or plural?”
3.2 Question 2: ‘Ti’ stands for ‘time’ – “Does the action happen at present or in the past?”3.3 Question 3: ‘Me’ stands for ‘meaning’ – “What does the verb mean?”
Asking themselves the three questions above BEFORE THEY CONSTRUCT EACH SENTENCE should help students to reduce errors in their sentences.
4. Teacher marks every sentence. Teacher may:4.1 Correct each error for the students4.2 Circle / underline the errors and they are corrected by the students4.3 Circle the clue/s for the correction which is done by the students4.4 Encourage peer correction – group work4.5 Ask volunteers to write their sentences on board for the sentences to be examined
5. Teacher may add the verb list, if necessary.
6. Teacher should proceed to the next stage of essay writing that is paragraph writing. The focus will be both on fluency and accuracy. Students are asked to develop the idea/s in the paragraph as much as they can and at the same time maintain the language accuracy.
7. The proposed steps above may be amended to suit students’ pace and proficiency.
Disediakan oleh,
ZANURIN BIN MOHAMAD SAFAR,Guru Cemerlang Bahasa Inggeris,Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Kulim.
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