INDEKS HARGA PENGELUAR
JABATAN PERANGKAAN MALAYSIA DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS, MALAYSIA
MALAYSIA
[2005=100]
PRODUCER PRICE INDEX
PENGELUARAN TEMPATAN
LOCAL PRODUCTION
Tarikh : Date :
OGOS AUGUST
30 September
2013
2013
i
KANDUNGAN CONTENTS
Muka surat
Page
Penemuan ringkas 3
Summary of findings
Graf 1 : Indeks harga pengeluar - pengeluaran tempatan 9
Graph 1 : Producer price index - local production
Graf 2 : Indeks harga pengeluar mengikut peringkat pemprosesan 10
Graph 2 : Producer price index by stage of processing
Jadual 1 : Perubahan peratus IHPR (2005=100) bagi pengeluaran tempatan mengikut kategori
(MSIC 2000) dan peringkat pemprosesan, Malaysia
13
Table 1 : Percentage change of PPI (2005=100) for local production by category (MSIC 2000) and stage of processing, Malaysia
Jadual 1.1 : Perubahan peratus IHPR (2005=100) bagi pengeluaran tempatan mengikut kategori,
bahagian dan kumpulan (MSIC 2000), Malaysia
14
Table 1.1 : Percentage change of PPI (2005=100) for local production by category, division and group (MSIC 2000), Malaysia
Jadual 1.1a
: Perubahan peratus IHPR (2005=100) bagi pengeluaran tempatan mengikut kategori
(MSIC 2000), Malaysia - Indeks Purata
18
Table 1.1a : Percentage change of PPI (2005=100) for local production by category (MSIC 2000), Malaysia - Average Index
Jadual 1.2 : Perubahan peratus IHPR (2005=100) bagi pengeluaran tempatan mengikut peringkat
pemprosesan, Malaysia
19
Table 1.2 : Percentage change of PPI (2005=100) for local production by stage of processing, Malaysia
Jadual 2 : IHPR (2005=100) bagi pengeluaran tempatan mengikut kategori (MSIC 2000), Malaysia 20
Table 2 : PPI (2005=100) for local production by category (MSIC 2000), Malaysia
Jadual 3 : IHPR (2005=100) bagi pengeluaran tempatan mengikut bahagian (MSIC 2000), Malaysia 21
Table 3 : PPI (2005=100) for local production by division (MSIC 2000), Malaysia
Jadual 4 : IHPR (2005=100) bagi pengeluaran tempatan mengikut peringkat pemprosesan, Malaysia 24
Table 4 : PPI (2005=100) for local production by stage of processing, Malaysia
Jadual 5 : IHPR (2005=100) bagi ekonomi domestik mengikut seksyen barangan (SITC 3), Malaysia 29
Table 5 : PPI (2005=100) for domestic economy by commodity section (SITC 3), Malaysia
Jadual 5.1 : Perubahan peratus IHPR (2005=100) bagi ekonomi domestik mengikut seksyen
barangan (SITC 3), Malaysia
30
Table 5.1 : Percentage change of PPI (2005=100) for domestic economy by commodity section (SITC 3), Malaysia
ii
Muka surat
Page
Jadual 6 : IHPR (2005=100) bagi pengeluaran tempatan mengikut seksyen barangan (SITC 3),
Malaysia
31
Table 6 : PPI (2005=100) for local production by commodity section (SITC 3), Malaysia
Jadual 7 : Indeks harga import (2005=100) mengikut seksyen barangan (SITC 3), Malaysia 32
Table 7 : Import price index (2005=100) by commodity section (SITC 3), Malaysia
Nota teknikal 35
Technical notes
Lampiran A 45
Appendix A
Jadual tarikh pengeluaran indeks harga pengeluar - pengeluaran tempatan, Januari - Disember 2013 47
Schedule of release dates for producer price index - local production, January - December 2013
PENEMUAN RINGKAS
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
3
Pengeluaran Tempatan
Perubahan bulan ke bulan
Indeks Harga Pengeluar (IHPR) bagi
pengeluaran tempatan naik 0.5 peratus pada Ogos
2013 lebih tinggi daripada peningkatan 0.3 peratus
yang dilaporkan pada Julai 2013. Harga yang lebih
tinggi ditunjukkan oleh tiga kategori barangan iaitu
Perlombongan (+1.4%), Perikanan (+0.9%) dan
Pembuatan (+0.4%). Sebaliknya, harga yang lebih
rendah dicatatkan oleh Bekalan elektrik, gas dan
air (-0.8%) dan Pertanian (-0.6%).
Perubahan tahun ke tahun
Perbandingan tahun ke tahun menunjukkan
IHPR bagi pengeluaran tempatan turun 3.4 peratus
pada Ogos tahun ini. Penurunan dilaporkan oleh
pengeluar bagi tiga kategori barangan iaitu
Pertanian (-7.7%), Perlombongan (-4.2%) dan
Pembuatan (-2.9%). Walau bagaimanapun,
Perikanan (+2.2%) dan Bekalan elektrik, gas dan
air (+1.1%) merekodkan peningkatan. [Jadual 1]
Perubahan IHPR bagi tempoh Januari–Ogos
2013/2012
IHPR purata bagi pengeluaran tempatan bagi
Januari–Ogos 2013/2012 turun 4.5 peratus,
daripada 137.3 kepada 131.1 Tiga kategori
barangan yang terdiri daripada Pertanian (-15.7%),
Local Production
Month-on-month change
The Producer Price Index (PPI) for local
production rose by 0.5 per cent in August 2013
higher than the 0.3 per cent increase reported in
July 2013. Higher prices were indicated by three
categories of goods, that is Mining (+1.4%),
Fishing (+0.9%) and Manufacturing (+0.4%). In
contrast, lower prices were registered by
Electricity, gas and water supply (-0.8%) and
Agriculture (-0.6%).
Year-on-year change
Year-on-year comparison showed that the PPI
for local production dropped by 3.4 per cent in
August this year. Declines were reported by
producers for three categories of goods, namely
Agriculture (-7.7%), Mining (-4.2%) and
Manufacturing (-2.9%). However, Fishing (+2.2%)
and Electricity, gas and water supply (+1.1%)
recorded increases. [Table 1]
PPI changes for the period January–August
2013/2012
The average PPI for local production for
January–August 2013/2012 dropped by 4.5 per
cent, from 137.3 to 131.1. Three categories of
goods which comprised Agriculture (-15.7%),
INDEKS HARGA PENGELUAR PRODUCER PRICE INDEX
OGOS AUGUST
2013
4
Perlombongan (-4.6%) dan Pembuatan (-3.5%)
menunjukkan penurunan. Walau bagaimanapun,
indeks bagi Perikanan dan Bekalan elektrik, gas
dan air masing-masing naik 5.3 peratus dan 1.0
peratus pada tempoh rujukan. [Jadual 1.1a]
Mining (-4.6%), and Manufacturing (-3.5%)
showed decreases. However, the indices for Fishing
Electricity, gas and water supply moved up by 5.3
per cent and 1.0 per cent respectively during the
reference period. [Table 1.1a]
IHPR pengeluaran tempatan mengikut peringkat
pemprosesan
Perubahan bulan ke bulan
Peningkatan 0.5 peratus IHPR pengeluaran
tempatan mengikut peringkat pemprosesan adalah
hasil daripada perubahan positif indeks bagi
kesemua peringkat pemprosesan. Indeks Bahan
mentah untuk diproseskan selanjutnya naik 1.0
peratus diikuti oleh indeks Bahan perantaraan,
bekalan dan komponen dan Barang siap masing-
masing menokok 0.5 peratus dan 0.1 peratus.
Perubahan tahun ke tahun
Berbanding Ogos 2012 IHPR pengeluaran
tempatan mengikut peringkat pemprosesan bagi
Ogos 2013 turun 3.4 peratus. Harga yang lebih
rendah dicatatkan oleh dua peringkat pemprosesan,
iaitu Bahan mentah untuk diproseskan selanjutnya
dan Bahan perantaraan, bekalan dan komponen
masing-masing turun 6.3 peratus dan 4.0 peratus.
Sebaliknya, harga Barang siap meningkat 0.4
peratus. [Jadual 1]
PPI for local production by stage of processing
Month-on-month change
The increase of 0.5 per cent in PPI for local
production by stage of processing (SOP) was the
result of positive changes in the indices for all
stages of processing. The index for Crude materials
for further processing rose by 1.0 per cent followed
by Intermediate materials, supplies and components
and Finished goods which went up by 0.5 per cent
and 0.1 per cent respectively.
Year-on-year change
As compared with August 2012 the PPI for
local production by SOP for August 2013 dropped
by 3.4 per cent. Lower prices were registered by
two stages of processing, that is Crude materials for
further processing and Intermediate materials,
supplies and components and which dropped by 6.3
per cent and 4.0 per cent respectively. On the
contrary, the price of Finished goods was up by 0.4
per cent. [Table 1]
5
Ekonomi Domestik
Perubahan bulan ke bulan
IHPR bagi ekonomi domestik adalah 0.4 peratus
lebih tinggi pada Ogos 2013 berbanding Julai tahun
ini. Peningkatan dilaporkan oleh tujuh daripada
sepuluh seksyen komoditi iaitu Bahan api galian,
pelincir, dll (+0.9%), Bahan kimia (+0.8%),
Bahan-bahan mentah tidak boleh dimakan (+0.7%),
Minyak dan lemak binatang dan sayur-sayuran
(+0.6%), Pelbagai urus niaga dan barangan
(+0.5%), Jentera dan kelengkapan pengangkutan
(+0.2%) dan Pelbagai barang keluaran kilang
(+0.2%). [Jadual 5.1].
Perubahan tahun ke tahun
Berbanding bulan Ogos 2012 IHPR ekonomi
domestik bagi Ogos 2013 merosot 2.6 peratus,
daripada 128.8 kepada 125.4. Indeks bagi enam
seksyen komoditi menunjukkan penurunan iaitu
Minyak dan lemak binatang dan sayur-sayuran
(-15.8%), Bahan-bahan mentah tidak boleh
dimakan (-9.8%), Bahan api galian, pelincir, dll
(-4.2%), Pelbagai urus niaga dan barangan (-2.9%),
Jentera dan kelengkapan pengangkutan (-0.9%)
dan Barang-barang keluaran kilang (-0.3%).
[Jadual 5.1]
Domestic Economy
Month-on-month change
The PPI for domestic economy was higher by
0.4 per cent in August 2013 as compared to July
this year. Increases were reported by seven out of
ten commodity sections, that is Mineral fuels,
lubricants, etc (+0.9%), Chemicals (+0.8%), Crude
materials, inedible (+0.7%), Animal and vegetable
oils and fats (+0.6%), Miscellaneous transactions
and commodities (+0.5%), Machinery and
transport equipment (+0.2%) and Miscellaneous
manufactured articles (+0.2%). [Table 5.1]
Year-on-year change
As compared with August 2012 the PPI for
domestic economy for August 2013 declined by 2.6
per cent, from 128.8 to 125.4. The indices for six
commodity sections showed decreases, namely
Animal and vegetable oils and fats (-15.8%), Crude
materials, inedible (-9.8%), Mineral fuels,
lubricants etc. (-4.2%), Miscellaneous transactions
and commodities (-2.9%), Machinery and transport
equipment (-0.9%) and Manufactured goods
(-0.3%). [Table 5.1]
GRAF
GRAPH
9
80.0
90.0
100.0
110.0
120.0
130.0
140.0
150.0
160.0
170.0
180.0
190.0
200.0
210.0
220.0
230.0
J F M A M J J O S O N D J F M A M J J O S O N D J F M A M J J O S O N D J F M A M J J O S O N D J F M A M J J O S O N D J F M A M J J O S O J F M A M J J O S O N D J F M A M J J O
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Inde
ks /I
ndex
Bulan/Month
Graf 1 : Indeks harga pengeluar - pengeluaran tempatan Graph 1 : Producer price index - local production
Bekalan elektrik, gas & air Electricity, gas & water supply
Pembuatan Manufacturing
Perlombongan Mining
Perikanan Fishing
Pertanian Agriculture
Jumlah Total
10
80.0
90.0
100.0
110.0
120.0
130.0
140.0
150.0
160.0
170.0
180.0
190.0
200.0
210.0
J F M A M J J O S O N D J F M A M J J O S O N D J F M A M J J O S O N D J F M A M J J O S O N D J F M A M J J O S O N D J F M A M J J O S O N D J F M A M J J O S O N D J F M A M J J O
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Inde
ks /I
ndex
Bulan/Month
Graf 2 : Indeks harga pengeluar mengikut peringkat pemprosesan Graph 2 : Producer price index by stage of processing
Barang siap Finished goods
Bahan perantaraan, bekalan & komponen
Intermediate materials, supplies & components
Bahan mentah untuk diproseskan selanjutnya Crude materials for further
processing
JADUAL-JADUAL
TABLES
13
WajaranCode Weight Ogos/Aug
2012Jul/July
2013Ogos/Aug
2013 Jul/July 2013- Ogos/Aug 2013
Ogos/Aug 2012- Ogos/Aug 2013
Jumlah 100.00 136.6 131.4 132.0 0.5 -3.4Total
Pertanian A 6.60 170.8 158.6 157.7 -0.6 -7.7 Agriculture
Perikanan B 0.81 156.3 158.4 159.8 0.9 2.2 Fishing
Perlombongan C 9.83 199.6 188.5 191.2 1.4 -4.2 Mining
Pembuatan D 80.00 126.4 122.2 122.7 0.4 -2.9 Manufacturing
Bekalan elektrik, gas dan air E 2.76 120.4 122.7 121.7 -0.8 1.1 Electricity, gas and water supply
IHPR mengikut peringkat pemprosesan 100.00 136.6 131.4 132.0 0.5 -3.4PPI by stage of processing
Bahan mentah untuk diproseskan selanjutnya 1 14.88 189.1 175.4 177.1 1.0 -6.3 Crude materials for further processing
Bahan perantaraan, bekalan dan komponen 2 54.62 136.3 130.3 130.9 0.5 -4.0 Intermediate materials, supplies and components
Barang siap 3 30.50 111.5 111.9 112.0 0.1 0.4 Finished goods
Jadual 1: Perubahan peratus IHPR (2005=100) bagi pengeluaran tempatan mengikut kategori (MSIC 2000) dan peringkat pemprosesan, Malaysia Table 1: Percentage change of PPI (2005=100) for local production by category (MSIC 2000) and stage of processing, Malaysia
KodIndeks/Index
Kategori/CategoryPercentage changePerubahan peratus
14
WajaranCode Weight Ogos/Aug
2012Jul/July
2013Ogos/Aug
2013 Jul/July 2013- Ogos/Aug 2013
Ogos/Aug 2012- Ogos/Aug 2013
Jumlah 100.00 136.6 131.4 132.0 0.5 -3.4 Total
Pertanian A 6.60 170.8 158.6 157.7 -0.6 -7.7 Agriculture Pertanian, pemburuan dan aktiviti perkhidmatan yang berkaitan 01 5.33 171.7 156.7 155.9 -0.5 -9.2 Agriculture, hunting & related service activities Penanaman tanaman, tanaman pasaran dan hortikultur 011 4.20 185.6 163.6 163.0 -0.4 -12.2 Growing of crops, market gardening and horticulture Penternakan haiwan 012 1.13 119.9 131.1 129.2 -1.4 7.8 Livestock farming
Aktiviti perhutanan, pembalakan dan perkhidmatan yang berkaitan 02 1.27 166.9 166.5 165.4 -0.7 -0.9 Forestry, logging & related service activities Aktiviti perhutanan, pembalakan dan perkhidmatan yang berkaitan 020 1.27 166.9 166.5 165.4 -0.7 -0.9 Forestry, logging & related services activities
Perikanan B 0.81 156.3 158.4 159.8 0.9 2.2 Fishing Perikanan, operasi penetasan dan penternakan ikan; aktiviti 05 0.81 156.3 158.4 159.8 0.9 2.2 Fishing, operation of fish hatcheries & fish farms; perkhidmatan yang berkaitan dengan perikanan service activities incidental to fishing Penangkapan ikan dan aktiviti perkhidmatan iringan kepada perikanan 050 0.81 156.3 158.4 159.8 0.9 2.2 Fishing & services incidental to fishing
Perlombongan C 9.83 199.6 188.5 191.2 1.4 -4.2 Mining
Menggali minyak mentah dan gas asli; aktiviti perkhidmatan 11 9.83 199.6 188.5 191.2 1.4 -4.2 Extraction of crude oil & natural gas; service activities
yang berkaitan penggalian minyak mentah dan gas asli incidental to crude oil & natural gas extraction kecuali mencarigali dan perlombongan bijih logam excluding surveying Pengekstrakan minyak mentah dan gas asli 111 9.83 199.6 188.5 191.2 1.4 -4.2 Extraction of crude oil & natural gas
Pembuatan D 80.00 126.4 122.2 122.7 0.4 -2.9 Manufacturing Pembuatan produk makanan dan minuman 15 9.51 156.6 139.7 140.2 0.4 -10.5 Manufacture of food products & beverages
Pengeluaran, prosesan dan pengawetan daging, ikan, buah-buahan, 151 6.39 168.0 142.9 143.6 0.5 -14.5 Producing, processing and preserving of meat, fish, fruit,
sayur-sayuran, minyak dan lemak vegetable, oils and fats Pembuatan produk tenusu 152 0.39 119.2 119.9 119.9 0.0 0.6 Manufacture of dairy products Pembuatan produk bijian, kanji, produk kanji dan makanan 153 0.84 142.4 141.2 141.8 0.4 -0.4 Manufacture of grain mill products, starches and haiwan tersedia starch product and prepared animal feeds Pembuatan produk makanan lain 154 1.47 137.8 138.2 138.5 0.2 0.5 Manufacture of other food products Pembuatan minuman 155 0.42 112.4 110.7 110.6 -0.1 -1.6 Manufacture of beverages
Pembuatan produk tembakau 16 0.23 102.5 111.9 111.3 -0.5 8.6 Manufacture of tobacco products Pembuatan produk tembakau 160 0.23 102.5 111.9 111.3 -0.5 8.6 Manufacture of tobacco products
Jadual 1.1: Perubahan peratus IHPR (2005=100) bagi pengeluaran tempatan mengikut kategori, bahagian dan kumpulan (MSIC 2000), Malaysia Table 1.1: Percentage change of PPI (2005=100) for local production by category, division and group (MSIC 2000), Malaysia
Kategori, Bahagian & Kumpulan Kod Category, Division & GroupPercentage changePerubahan peratusIndeks/Index
15
WajaranCode Weight Ogos/Aug
2012Jul/July
2013Ogos/Aug
2013 Jul/July 2013- Ogos/Aug 2013
Ogos/Aug 2012- Ogos/Aug 2013
Pembuatan tekstil 17 0.87 115.0 117.7 117.5 -0.2 2.2 Manufacture of textiles Pemintalan, penenunan dan penyiapan tekstil 171 0.64 120.5 124.0 123.7 -0.2 2.7 Spinning, weaving and finishing of textiles Pembuatan tekstil lain 172 0.09 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 Manufacture of other textiles Pembuatan kain dan artikel yang dikait dan dikrusye 173 0.14 99.2 100.3 100.0 -0.3 0.8 Manufacture of knitted and crocheted fabrics and articles
Pembuatan pakaian; pembersihan dan pewarnaan bulu 18 0.66 111.7 111.8 112.1 0.3 0.4 Manufacture of wearing apparel; dressing & dyeing of fur Pembuatan pakaian kecuali pakaian bulu 181 0.66 111.7 111.8 112.1 0.3 0.4 Manufacture of wearing apparel except fur apparel
Penyamakan dan pembersihan kulit, pembuatan bagasi, 19 0.10 99.8 101.3 101.0 -0.3 1.2 Tanning & dressing of leather; manufacture of beg tangan, pelana, abah-abah dan pembuatan kasut luggage, handbags, saddlery, harness & footwear Penyamakan dan pembersihan kulit, pembuatan bagasi, 191 0.04 94.2 98.7 97.6 -1.1 3.6 Tanning & dressing of leather; manufacture of beg tangan, pelana dan abah-abah luggage, handbags, saddlery & harness Pembuatan kasut 192 0.06 102.6 102.6 102.6 0.0 0.0 Manufacture of footwear
Pembuatan kayu dan produk daripada kayu dan gabus, 20 2.28 142.0 138.1 138.5 0.3 -2.5 Manufacture of wood & product of wood & cork; except kecuali perabot; pembuatan barang daripada dan bahan menjalin furniture; manufacture of articles of straw & plaiting materials Pengilangan dan pengetaman kayu 201 0.97 178.7 166.1 165.4 -0.4 -7.4 Sawmilling and planing of wood Pembuatan produk kayu, gabus, bahan jerami dan 202 1.31 114.6 117.1 118.3 1.0 3.2 Manufacture of products of wood, cork, straw bahan jalinan and plaiting materials
Pembuatan kertas dan produk kertas 21 0.98 121.8 119.2 118.8 -0.3 -2.5 Manufacture of paper & paper products Pembuatan kertas dan produk kertas 210 0.98 121.8 119.2 118.8 -0.3 -2.5 Manufacture of paper and paper products
Penerbitan, percetakan dan pengeluaran semula media rakaman 22 0.97 107.5 107.5 107.5 0.0 0.0 Publishing, printing & reproduction of recorded media Penerbitan 221 0.52 107.4 107.4 107.4 0.0 0.0 Publishing Percetakan dan aktiviti perkhidmatan berkaitan dengan percetakan 222 0.45 107.6 107.6 107.6 0.0 0.0 Printing and services activities related to printing
Pembuatan kok, produk petroleum bertapis dan bahan api nuklear 23 9.31 190.7 177.1 177.5 0.2 -6.9 Manufacture of coke, refined petroleum products & nuclear fuel
Pembuatan produk petroleum bertapis 232 9.31 190.7 177.1 177.5 0.2 -6.9 Manufacture of refined petroleum products
Pembuatan kimia dan produk kimia 24 7.36 124.7 124.2 126.0 1.4 1.0 Manufacture of chemical & chemical products Pembuatan kimia asas 241 5.22 128.5 128.1 130.6 2.0 1.6 Manufacture of basic chemicals Pembuatan produk kimia lain 242 2.11 115.7 114.9 114.7 -0.2 -0.9 Manufacture of other chemical products Pembuatan serat buatan manusia 243 0.03 103.2 108.6 110.9 2.1 7.5 Manufacture of man-made fibres
Jadual 1.1: Perubahan peratus IHPR (2005=100) bagi pengeluaran tempatan mengikut kategori, bahagian dan kumpulan (MSIC 2000), Malaysia (samb.)Table 1.1: Percentage change of PPI (2005=100) for local production by category, division and group (MSIC 2000), Malaysia (cont'd)
Category, Division & GroupKategori, Bahagian & Kumpulan KodPerubahan peratusPercentage changeIndeks/Index
16
WajaranCode Weight Ogos/Aug
2012Jul/July
2013Ogos/Aug
2013 Jul/July 2013- Ogos/Aug 2013
Ogos/Aug 2012- Ogos/Aug 2013
Pembuatan produk getah dan plastik 25 4.79 120.7 117.5 118.5 0.9 -1.8 Manufacture of rubber & plastic products Pembuatan produk getah 251 2.43 131.7 125.1 127.1 1.6 -3.5 Manufacture of rubber products Pembuatan produk plastik 252 2.36 109.4 109.5 109.6 0.1 0.2 Manufacture of plastic products
Pembuatan produk galian bukan logam lain 26 1.76 118.9 120.0 120.3 0.3 1.2 Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products Pembuatan kaca dan produk kaca 261 0.33 97.7 95.3 94.9 -0.4 -2.9 Manufacture of glass and glass products Pembuatan produk galian bukan logam yang tidak terkelas di mana-mana 269 1.43 123.8 125.7 126.1 0.3 1.9 Manufacture of non-metallic mineral products n.e.c
Pembuatan logam asas 27 3.80 123.8 123.5 122.4 -0.9 -1.1 Manufacture of basic metals Pembuatan besi asas dan keluli 271 2.28 125.6 122.3 122.0 -0.2 -2.9 Manufacture of basic iron and steel Pembuatan logam asas berharga dan logam asas bukan ferus 272 1.11 125.5 131.1 127.9 -2.4 1.9 Manufacture of basic precious and non-ferrous metals Penuangan logam 273 0.41 109.3 109.3 109.3 0.0 0.0 Casting of metals
Pembuatan produk logam yang direka daripada logam, 28 2.29 118.3 117.0 117.1 0.1 -1.0 Manufacture of fabricated metal products, kecuali jentera dan kelengkapannya except machinery & equipment Pembuatan produk struktur logam, tangki, takungan dan penjana wap 281 0.48 120.9 120.7 120.9 0.2 0.0 Manufacture of structural metal products, tanks,
reservoirs and steam generators Pembuatan produk logam lain yang direka; aktiviti perkhidmatan 289 1.81 117.6 116.0 116.1 0.1 -1.3 Manufacture of other fabricated metal products; kerja logam metal working service activities
Pembuatan jentera dan kelengkapan yang tidak terkelas di mana-mana 29 1.72 107.3 107.5 108.1 0.6 0.7 Manufacture of machinery & equipment n.e.c.
Pembuatan jentera untuk kegunaan am 291 0.79 109.6 109.6 109.6 0.0 0.0 Manufacture of general purpose machinery Pembuatan jentera kegunaan khusus 292 0.40 114.9 115.8 117.3 1.3 2.1 Manufacture of special purpose machinery Pembuatan peralatan domestik yang tidak terkelas di mana-mana 293 0.53 98.4 98.3 99.0 0.7 0.6 Manufacture of domestic appliances n.e.c
Pembuatan mesin pejabat, perakaunan dan pengira 30 8.12 99.0 99.6 99.9 0.3 0.9 Manufacture of office, accounting & computing machinery Pembuatan mesin pejabat, perakaunan dan pengira 300 8.12 99.0 99.6 99.9 0.3 0.9 Manufacture of office, accounting and computing machinery
Pembuatan mesin dan perkakasan elektrik yang tidak terkelas di mana-mana 31 2.21 108.1 107.9 107.9 0.0 -0.2 Manufacture of electrical machinery & apparatus n.e.c
Pembuatan motor, penjana dan transformer elektrik 311 0.55 117.6 114.5 114.8 0.3 -2.4 Manufacture of electrical motors, generators and transformers Pembuatan perkakas pengagih dan pengawal elektrik 312 0.54 100.0 104.3 104.3 0.0 4.3 Manufacture of electricity distribution and control apparatus Pembuatan wayar penebat dan kabel berpenebat 313 0.49 110.9 108.4 108.5 0.1 -2.2 Manufacture of insulated wire and cable Pembuatan akumulator, sel primer dan bateri primer 314 0.09 100.4 100.4 100.4 0.0 0.0 Manufacture of accumulators, primary cells and primary batteries Pembuatan lampu elektrik dan kelengkapan pencahayaan 315 0.17 98.7 98.4 98.4 0.0 -0.3 Manufacture of electric lamps and lighting equipment Pembuatan kelengkapan elektrik lain yang tidak terkelas di mana-mana 319 0.37 108.4 108.7 108.7 0.0 0.3 Manufacture of other electrical equipment n.e.c
Jadual 1.1: Perubahan peratus IHPR (2005=100) bagi pengeluaran tempatan mengikut kategori, bahagian dan kumpulan (MSIC 2000), Malaysia (samb.)Table 1.1: Percentage change of PPI (2005=100) for local production by category, division and group (MSIC 2000), Malaysia (cont'd)
Category, Division & GroupKategori, Bahagian & Kumpulan KodPerubahan peratusPercentage changeIndeks/Index
17
WajaranCode Weight Ogos/Aug
2012Jul/July
2013Ogos/Aug
2013 Jul/July 2013- Ogos/Aug 2013
Ogos/Aug 2012- Ogos/Aug 2013
Pembuatan radio, televisyen dan kelengkapan dan peralatan komunikasi 32 17.05 104.4 103.0 103.6 0.6 -0.8 Manufacture of radio, television & communication equipment & apparatus
Pembuatan injap dan tiub elektronik dan komponen-komponen elektronik lain 321 10.72 106.7 104.5 105.4 0.9 -1.2 Manufacture of electronic valves and tubes and other electronic components Pembuatan pemancar televisyen dan radio dan peralatan untuk 322 2.06 91.8 91.5 91.6 0.1 -0.2 Manufacture of television and radio transmitters and apparatus talian telefon dan telegraf for line telephony and line telegraphy Pembuatan penerima televisyen dan radio, rakaman bunyi atau 323 4.27 104.8 104.7 104.6 -0.1 -0.2 Manufacture of television and radio receivers, sound or video video atau peralatan rakaman semula dan barangan berkaitan recording or reproducing apparatus, and associated goods
Pembuatan instrumen perubatan, persisan dan optik, jam tangan dan jam 33 0.86 91.7 91.7 92.4 0.8 0.8 Manufacture of medical, precision and optical instruments, watches and clocks
Pembuatan perkakasan dan instrumen perubatan dan perkakasan 331 0.40 90.6 91.1 92.4 1.4 2.0 Manufacture of medical appliances and instruments and untuk menyukat, memeriksa, menguji, memandu arah dan kegunaan lain, appliances for measuring, checking, testing, navigating and kecuali instrumen optik other purposes, except optical instruments Pembuatan instrumen optik dan kelengkapan fotografi 332 0.41 92.6 92.6 92.6 0.0 0.0 Manufacture of optical instruments and photographic equipment Pembuatan jam tangan dan jam 333 0.05 94.1 88.6 90.0 1.6 -4.4 Manufacture of watches and clocks
Pembuatan kenderaan bermotor, treler dan semi-treler 34 3.19 102.6 102.4 102.4 0.0 -0.2 Manufacture of motor vehicles, trailers & semi-trailers Pembuatan kenderaan bermotor 341 2.46 101.7 101.7 101.7 0.0 0.0 Manufacture of motor vehicles Pembuatan badan (coachwork ) untuk kenderaan bermotor; 342 0.08 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 Manufacture of bodies (coachwork) for motor vehicles, pembuatan treler dan semi treler trailers and semi-trailers Pembuatan alat ganti dan aksesori untuk kenderaan 343 0.65 106.6 105.3 105.4 0.1 -1.1 Manufacture of parts and accessories for motor vehicles bermotor dan enjin and their engines
Pembuatan kelengkapan pengangkutan lain 35 0.32 102.2 106.8 106.8 0.0 4.5 Manufacture of other transport equipment Pembuatan kelengkapan pengangkutan yang tidak 359 0.32 102.2 106.8 106.8 0.0 4.5 Manufacture of transport equipment n.e.c terkelas di mana-mana
Pembuatan perabot; pembuatan yang tidak terkelas di mana-mana 36 1.62 121.4 121.2 121.5 0.2 0.1 Manufacture of furniture; manufacturing n.e.c Pembuatan perabot 361 1.11 113.4 114.5 114.8 0.3 1.2 Manufacture of furniture Pembuatan yang tidak terkelas di mana-mana 369 0.51 138.7 135.6 136.1 0.4 -1.9 Manufacturing n.e.c
Bekalan elektrik, gas dan air E 2.76 120.4 122.7 121.7 -0.8 1.1 Electricity, gas and water supply Bekalan elektrik, gas, wap dan air panas 40 2.29 121.8 123.1 122.3 -0.6 0.4 Electricity, gas , steam & hot water supply Pengeluaran, pengumpulan dan pengagihan elektrik, gas & wap 401 2.18 119.7 120.8 120.1 -0.6 0.3 Production, collection & distribution of electricity, gas & steam Pembuatan gas, pengagihan bahan api berunsur gas 402 0.11 166.6 172.2 171.1 -0.6 2.7 Manufacture of gas, distribution of gaseous fuels through mains melalui saluran paip
Penakungan, pembersihan dan pengagihan air 41 0.47 113.9 120.8 118.8 -1.7 4.3 Collection, purification & distribution of water Penakungan, pembersihan dan pengagihan air 410 0.47 113.9 120.8 118.8 -1.7 4.3 Collection, purification & distribution of water
Table 1.1: Percentage change of PPI (2005=100) for local production by category, division and group (MSIC 2000), Malaysia (cont'd)Jadual 1.1: Perubahan peratus IHPR (2005=100) bagi pengeluaran tempatan mengikut kategori, bahagian dan kumpulan (MSIC 2000), Malaysia (samb.)
Category, Division & GroupKategori, Bahagian & KumpulanKod
Perubahan peratusPercentage changeIndeks/Index
18
Perubahan peratus
Jumlah 137.3 131.1 -4.5 Total
A Pertanian 186.9 157.6 -15.7 A Agriculture
B Perikanan 149.8 157.8 5.3 B Fishing
C Perlombongan 191.9 183.0 -4.6 C Mining
D Pembuatan 127.0 122.6 -3.5 D Manufacturing
E Bekalan elektrik, gas dan air 120.7 121.9 1.0 E Electricity, gas and water supply
Jan ─ Ogos/Aug 2013
Table 1.1a: Percentage change of PPI (2005=100) for local production by category (MSIC 2000), Malaysia─Average IndexJadual 1.1a: Perubahan peratus IHPR (2005=100) bagi pengeluaran tempatan mengikut kategori (MSIC 2000), Malaysia─Indeks Purata
IndeksIndex
CategoryKategoriPercentage change
Jan ─ Ogos/Aug 2012
19
Bahan mentah untuk diproseskan selanjutnya 189.1 175.4 177.1 1.0 -6.3 Crude materials for futher processingBahan makanan dan makanan untuk binatang 172.4 152.6 152.0 -0.4 -11.8 Foodstuffs and feedstuffs
Bahan bukan makanan 195.7 184.5 187.0 1.4 -4.4 Non-food materials
Bahan bukan makanan kecuali bahan api 149.7 137.5 137.2 -0.2 -8.4 Non-food materials except fuel
Bahan api mentah 199.6 188.5 191.2 1.4 -4.2 Crude fuel
Bahan perantaraan, bekalan dan komponen 136.3 130.3 130.9 0.5 -4.0 Intermediate materials, supplies and componentsBahan dan komponen untuk pembuatan 135.2 127.0 127.7 0.6 -5.5 Materials and components for manufacturing
Bahan untuk pembuatan makanan 173.5 147.3 147.7 0.3 -14.9 Materials for food manufacturingBahan untuk pembuatan lain 121.7 119.9 120.6 0.6 -0.9 Materials for other manufacturing
Bahan dan komponen untuk pembinaan 136.4 134.7 134.7 0.0 -1.2 Materials and components for constructionBahan api yang diproses dan pelicin 176.4 166.3 166.7 0.2 -5.5 Processed fuel and lubricantsBekas 119.7 115.9 116.1 0.2 -3.0 ContainersBekalan 108.0 106.5 107.2 0.7 -0.7 Supplies
Industri pembuatan 105.8 104.0 104.8 0.8 -0.9 Manufacturing industriesIndustri bukan pembuatan 119.4 119.0 119.1 0.1 -0.3 Non-manufacturing industries
Makanan binatang 155.2 153.4 154.7 0.8 -0.3 FeedsBekalan lain 110.5 110.4 110.2 -0.2 -0.3 Other supplies
Barang siap 111.5 111.9 112.0 0.1 0.4 Finished goodsBarangan pengguna siap 120.8 121.3 121.2 -0.1 0.3 Finished consumer goods
Makanan pengguna siap 142.3 145.0 144.7 -0.2 1.7 Finished consumer foods
Mentah 162.6 170.4 170.4 0.0 4.8 Crude
Diproses 131.4 131.4 131.0 -0.3 -0.3 Processed
Barangan pengguna siap kecuali makanan 112.8 112.6 112.6 0.0 -0.2 Finished consumer goods, excluding foods
Tahan lama 105.5 105.4 105.4 0.0 -0.1 Durable
Semi-tahan lama 114.4 115.5 115.6 0.1 1.0 Semi-durable
Tidak tahan lama 123.2 122.3 122.2 -0.1 -0.8 Non-durable
Kelengkapan modal 100.8 100.9 101.3 0.4 0.5 Capital equipment
Industri pembuatan 105.1 104.8 105.2 0.4 0.1 Manufacturing industries
Industri bukan pembuatan 99.5 99.8 100.2 0.4 0.7 Non-manufacturing industriesJumlah 136.6 131.4 132.0 0.5 -3.4 Total
Ogos/Aug 2012
Jul/July 2013
Stage of processingPeringkat pemprosesanOgos/Aug
2013 Jul/July 2013-
Ogos/Aug 2013Ogos/Aug 2012- Ogos/Aug 2013
Jadual 1.2: Perubahan peratus IHPR (2005=100) bagi pengeluaran tempatan mengikut peringkat pemprosesan, MalaysiaTable 1.2: Percentage change of PPI (2005=100) for local production by stage of processing, Malaysia
IndexIndeks Perubahan peratus
Percentage change
20
Tempoh Jumlah A B C D EPertanian Perikanan Perlombongan Pembuatan Bekalan elektrik,
gas dan air
Wajaran (Weight) 100.00 6.60 0.81 9.83 80.00 2.76
2006 103.8 111.0 110.9 114.1 102.0 101.62007 111.2 143.0 118.3 121.7 107.4 103.92008 125.8 160.1 127.3 162.6 119.0 108.32009 112.2 137.3 127.0 112.0 110.0 113.42010 120.9 162.6 129.0 131.3 116.3 113.22011 135.4 196.2 134.8 177.6 125.8 117.42012 135.1 176.3 150.2 186.3 125.7 120.7
2012 Jan 136.7 190.4 142.7 185.2 126.8 121.5Feb 137.6 188.8 144.4 198.1 126.4 120.8Mac/Mar 139.3 194.2 143.7 208.2 126.8 121.7Apr 139.5 198.7 149.6 201.2 127.6 119.6Mei/May 137.6 189.3 150.2 184.8 128.0 120.4Jun/June 135.1 180.5 155.1 172.8 126.9 120.7Jul/July 136.3 182.5 156.1 185.3 126.8 120.3Ogos/Aug 136.6 170.8 156.3 199.6 126.4 120.4Sept 134.3 168.3 154.7 195.2 124.3 120.1Okt/Oct 131.5 154.2 152.2 184.3 123.3 120.7Nov 129.0 150.8 147.6 167.0 122.6 120.6Dis 127.5 146.9 149.7 154.4 122.5 121.6
2013 Jan 130.6 154.4 154.6 180.5 122.6 121.0Feb 132.8 159.6 159.1 190.6 123.6 121.2Mac/Mar 131.1 157.7 160.1 178.2 123.2 122.1Apr 130.5 155.7 155.4 179.5 122.4 121.5Mei/May 129.3 156.3 156.3 171.5 121.9 122.2Jun/June 131.0 160.9 158.5 183.6 122.1 122.8Jul/July 131.4 158.6 158.4 188.5 122.2 122.7Ogos/Aug 132.0 157.7 159.8 191.2 122.7 121.7
Period Total Agriculture Fishing Mining Manufacturing Electricity, gas and water supply
Jadual 2: IHPR (2005=100) bagi pengeluaran tempatan mengikut kategori (MSIC 2000), Malaysia Table 2: PPI (2005=100) for local production by category (MSIC 2000), Malaysia
21
Tempoh 01 02 05 11 15 16 17 18 19Pertanian, Perhutanan, Perikanan, operasi Menggali minyak mentah dan Pembuatan Pembuatan Pembuatan Pembuatan Penyamakan dan
pemburuan dan pembalakan dan penetasan dan gas asli;aktiviti perkhidmatan produk produk tekstil pakaian; pembersihan kulit,aktiviti aktiviti penternakan ikan; yang berkaitan penggalian makanan dan tembakau pembersihan pembuatan beg,
perkhidmatan perkhidmatan aktiviti perkhidmatan minyak mentah dan gas asli minuman dan pewarnaan beg tangan,pelana,yang berkaitan yang berkaitan yang berkaitan kecuali mencarigali dan bulu abah-abah dan
dengan perikanan perlombongan bijih logam pembuatan kasut
Wajaran (Weight) 5.33 1.27 0.81 9.83 9.51 0.23 0.87 0.66 0.10
2006 109.4 117.6 110.9 114.1 98.8 101.6 101.7 105.8 100.92007 146.8 127.0 118.3 121.7 126.4 100.5 106.3 108.8 101.02008 167.2 130.1 127.3 162.6 149.9 100.9 107.4 109.0 101.42009 139.0 130.5 127.0 112.0 127.3 101.8 109.7 110.0 104.12010 169.7 133.2 129.0 131.3 143.3 103.3 114.9 110.1 100.72011 203.7 164.4 134.8 177.6 169.2 102.8 120.3 111.2 99.92012 176.0 177.6 150.2 186.3 156.4 102.9 116.2 111.7 99.6
2012 Jan 191.4 186.3 142.7 185.2 163.7 102.4 118.3 112.0 100.2Feb 189.4 186.3 144.4 198.1 162.5 102.2 117.2 111.9 99.6Mac/Mar 196.1 186.2 143.7 208.2 164.0 102.2 116.7 111.5 99.5Apr 201.7 186.2 149.6 201.2 168.5 102.2 116.3 111.3 99.2Mei/May 190.0 186.2 150.2 184.8 166.4 102.2 116.3 111.7 99.2Jun/June 179.2 186.2 155.1 172.8 160.8 102.2 117.0 111.7 99.2Jul/July 181.7 186.2 156.1 185.3 159.6 102.7 116.1 111.9 99.3Ogos/Aug 171.7 166.9 156.3 199.6 156.6 102.5 115.0 111.7 99.8Sept 168.8 166.5 154.7 195.2 152.9 102.7 116.1 112.1 99.9Okt/Oct 150.5 169.7 152.2 184.3 144.6 104.4 116.2 111.5 99.9Nov 148.2 162.0 147.6 167.0 140.7 104.4 114.3 111.5 99.9Dis 143.3 162.0 149.7 154.4 136.8 104.3 115.3 111.5 99.9
2013 Jan 150.8 169.9 154.6 180.5 136.9 106.7 115.8 111.5 99.9Feb 157.2 169.9 159.1 190.6 140.2 105.0 116.0 111.3 99.9Mac/Mar 155.0 169.1 160.1 178.2 139.5 104.6 116.2 111.6 101.4Apr 154.5 160.6 155.4 179.5 138.7 105.5 116.0 112.2 101.5Mei/May 153.9 166.6 156.3 171.5 138.6 110.8 115.9 112.1 101.6Jun/June 159.6 166.5 158.5 183.6 139.9 111.8 115.3 112.0 101.6Jul/July 156.7 166.5 158.4 188.5 139.7 111.9 117.7 111.8 101.3Ogos/Aug 155.9 165.4 159.8 191.2 140.2 111.3 117.5 112.1 101.0
Period Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing, operation Extraction of crude oil Manufacture Manufacture Manufacture Manufacture Tanning andhunting and logging and of fish hatcheries and natural gas; service of food of tobacco of textiles of wearing dressing of leather;
related service related service and fish farms; activities incidental to products and products apparel; manufacture ofactivities activities service activities crude oil and natural gas beverages dressing and luggage, handbags,
incidental to fishing extraction excluding surveying dyeing of fur saddlery,harnessand mining of metal ores and footwear
Jadual 3 : IHPR (2005=100) bagi pengeluaran tempatan mengikut bahagian (MSIC 2000), MalaysiaTable 3 : PPI (2005=100) for local production by division (MSIC 2000), Malaysia
22
Tempoh 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28Pembuatan kayu dan Pembuatan Penerbitan, Pembuatan Pembuatan Pembuatan Pembuatan Pembuatan Pembuatanproduk daripada kayu kertas dan percetakan dan kok, produk kimia dan produk getah produk galian logam asas produk logam
dan gabus, kecuali produk kertas pengeluaran petroleum produk kimia dan plastik bukan logam yang direka,perabot;pembuatan semula media bertapis dan kecuali mesin
barang daripada yang dirakamkan bahan api dan peralatandan bahan menjalin nuklear
Wajaran (Weight) 2.28 0.97 0.96 9.31 7.36 4.79 1.76 3.80 2.29
2006 107.3 105.7 100.3 104.6 104.4 105.0 100.9 100.8 103.22007 108.9 108.2 100.3 106.4 110.2 106.8 102.5 107.3 107.32008 108.3 118.3 101.5 157.4 122.1 112.7 110.5 125.7 117.52009 108.9 109.7 103.2 117.3 104.0 107.3 116.9 118.6 116.72010 112.4 118.9 103.7 136.1 112.3 121.6 114.6 121.8 116.82011 134.1 122.5 108.3 167.3 129.5 135.7 115.4 128.2 118.62012 143.5 122.3 107.4 182.3 125.9 124.8 118.2 124.9 117.9
2012 Jan 145.1 121.3 107.3 182.8 127.1 127.0 116.9 126.2 117.8Feb 144.3 121.0 107.3 182.8 125.7 128.6 117.0 124.5 117.7Mac/Mar 143.9 122.3 107.3 181.1 127.7 129.7 116.3 126.2 117.8Apr 144.6 121.4 107.3 180.6 129.7 129.4 116.7 126.1 118.0Mei/May 145.1 123.5 107.3 187.6 130.0 127.9 117.0 124.7 117.7Jun/June 145.2 122.8 107.5 186.4 126.7 125.2 118.0 124.8 118.2Jul/July 145.9 123.5 107.5 187.1 125.2 123.7 118.1 125.8 118.0Ogos/Aug 142.0 121.8 107.5 190.7 124.7 120.7 118.9 123.8 118.3Sept 143.0 124.3 107.5 174.8 125.3 120.9 119.9 124.6 118.0Okt/Oct 141.4 123.1 107.5 176.4 124.0 121.7 119.8 124.5 118.1Nov 140.7 121.4 107.5 176.8 122.4 121.3 119.7 123.5 117.8Dis 140.7 121.3 107.5 179.9 122.0 120.9 120.1 124.4 117.8
2013 Jan 142.9 122.3 107.5 180.4 122.0 122.2 118.5 124.7 117.8Feb 142.5 119.5 107.5 184.4 122.9 123.0 118.1 125.6 117.9Mac/Mar 140.3 119.3 107.5 182.0 123.5 122.0 118.7 125.2 117.6Apr 138.1 120.4 107.5 178.0 124.7 119.6 119.2 123.7 117.6Mei/May 139.1 120.3 107.5 175.9 122.9 119.1 119.8 123.3 117.5Jun/June 137.6 119.8 107.5 177.5 123.0 118.0 119.6 123.0 117.7Jul/July 138.1 119.2 107.5 177.1 124.2 117.5 120.0 123.5 117.0Ogos/Aug 138.5 118.8 107.5 177.5 126.0 118.5 120.3 122.4 117.1
Period Manufacture of wood Manufacture of Publishing, Manufacture of Manufacture Manufacture Manufacture of Manufacture Manufacture ofand products of wood paper and printing and coke, refined of chemicals of rubber and non-metallic of basic metals fabricated
and cork, except paper products reproduction of petroleum and chemical plastic products mineral metal products,furniture; manufacture recorded media products and products products exceptof articles of straw and nuclear fuel machinery
plaiting materials and equipment
Jadual 3 : IHPR (2005=100) bagi pengeluaran tempatan mengikut bahagian (MSIC 2000), Malaysia (samb.)Table 3 : PPI (2005=100) for local production by division (MSIC 2000), Malaysia (cont'd)
23
Tempoh 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 40 41Pembuatan Pembuatan Pembuatan Pembuatan Pembuatan Pembuatan Pembuatan Pembuatan Bekalan elektrik, Penakungan,mesin dan mesin pejabat, mesin dan radio, televisyen peralatan kenderaan peralatan perabot; gas, wap dan pembersihan
peralatan yang perakaunan perkakasan dan peralatan perubatan, bermotor, kenderaan lain pembuatan yang air panas dan pengagihantidak terkelas dan pengira elektrik yang dan perkakasan ketepatan dan treler dan tidak terkelas air
di mana-mana tidak terkelas komunikasi optik,jam tangan semi-treler di mana-manadi mana-mana dan jam
Wajaran (Weight) 1.72 8.12 2.21 17.05 0.86 3.19 0.32 1.62 2.29 0.47
2006 103.3 102.4 101.1 100.0 101.7 99.8 100.0 101.2 100.7 106.22007 103.8 102.5 106.5 102.4 101.7 98.9 100.4 103.7 103.4 106.92008 105.1 101.7 108.0 101.5 101.5 98.9 102.2 107.8 108.8 106.22009 106.2 101.0 107.4 103.5 101.8 102.6 102.2 114.5 114.3 108.82010 107.4 100.3 105.9 104.7 100.1 103.6 100.4 115.7 114.1 108.92011 106.9 98.1 106.1 102.0 92.5 103.6 101.6 119.1 118.2 113.42012 107.2 98.9 107.9 104.0 91.6 102.6 101.9 120.9 122.0 114.5
2012 Jan 107.4 98.5 108.7 103.2 92.1 102.5 101.3 120.4 123.1 113.8Feb 107.4 98.2 108.6 103.3 91.6 102.6 101.7 119.4 122.1 114.5Mac/Mar 107.2 98.2 108.1 103.6 91.6 102.6 101.7 120.5 123.2 114.6Apr 107.0 98.6 108.1 104.2 91.3 102.7 101.7 119.5 120.9 113.3Mei/May 106.5 99.2 108.0 103.5 91.5 102.6 101.6 119.5 121.7 113.8Jun/June 107.1 99.4 108.2 104.1 91.7 102.6 101.7 121.5 121.9 114.8Jul/July 107.4 98.8 107.8 104.8 91.8 102.6 101.7 121.4 121.3 115.7Ogos/Aug 107.3 99.0 108.1 104.4 91.7 102.6 102.2 121.4 121.8 113.9Sept 107.4 99.1 107.9 104.3 91.5 102.6 102.3 121.8 121.2 114.8Okt/Oct 107.4 99.4 107.3 104.2 91.5 102.6 102.3 121.8 122.0 114.5Nov 107.3 99.3 107.1 104.3 91.4 102.5 102.2 121.7 121.9 114.7Dis 107.3 99.6 107.2 104.4 91.4 102.7 102.2 121.6 122.9 115.0
2013 Jan 107.2 99.6 106.7 103.4 91.3 102.6 104.8 121.9 122.0 116.0Feb 107.2 99.6 108.4 103.2 91.3 102.6 106.6 121.8 122.2 116.2Mac/Mar 107.5 100.0 108.3 103.5 91.4 102.5 106.7 121.9 123.2 116.7Apr 107.4 100.0 107.6 103.3 91.2 102.6 106.6 120.8 122.2 117.8Mei/May 107.2 99.6 107.6 103.1 91.0 102.6 106.7 120.9 123.4 116.4Jun/June 107.6 99.6 107.8 102.9 91.6 102.6 106.7 121.8 123.7 118.8Jul/July 107.5 99.6 107.9 103.0 91.7 102.4 106.8 121.2 123.1 120.8Ogos/Aug 108.1 99.9 107.9 103.6 92.4 102.4 106.8 121.5 122.3 118.8
Period Manufacture of Manufacture Manufacture Manufacture Manufacture of Manufacture Manufacture of Manufacture of Electricity, gas, Collection,machinery and of office, of electrical of radio, medical, precision of motor other transport furniture; steam and hot purification and
equipment n.e.c accounting and machinery television and and optical vehicles, equipment manufacturing water supply distribution ofcomputing and apparatus communication instruments, trailers and n.e.c watermachinery n.e.c equipment watches and semi-trailers
and apparatus clocks
Jadual 3 : IHPR (2005=100) bagi pengeluaran tempatan mengikut bahagian (MSIC 2000), Malaysia (samb.)Table 3 : PPI (2005=100) for local production by division (MSIC 2000), Malaysia (cont'd)
24
1 1.1 1.2 1.2.1 1.2.2Tempoh Jumlah Bahan mentah Bahan makanan Bahan Bahan bukan Bahan api
untuk dan makanan bukan makanan mentahdiproseskan untuk makanan kecualiselanjutnya binatang bahan api
100.00 14.88 4.22 10.66 0.83 9.83 2006 103.8 112.1 103.0 115.7 134.5 114.12007 111.2 129.9 150.8 121.6 121.0 121.72008 125.8 163.7 172.8 160.2 131.8 162.62009 112.2 120.2 141.8 111.7 107.8 112.02010 120.9 144.7 172.2 133.8 162.5 131.32011 135.4 186.5 203.4 179.8 205.9 177.62012 135.1 181.7 175.2 184.3 160.4 186.3
2012 Jan 136.7 186.3 193.7 183.4 162.4 185.2Feb 137.6 194.4 189.0 196.5 177.9 198.1Mac/Mar 139.3 203.8 197.8 206.1 181.3 208.2Apr 139.5 201.3 206.1 199.5 178.9 201.2Mei/May 137.6 185.9 191.6 183.7 171.0 184.8Jun/June 135.1 174.1 179.8 171.8 159.5 172.8Jul/July 136.3 183.2 183.3 183.1 157.8 185.3Ogos/Aug 136.6 189.1 172.4 195.7 149.7 199.6Sept 134.3 184.7 167.4 191.5 147.5 195.2Okt/Oct 131.5 170.8 143.3 181.7 150.7 184.3Nov 129.0 158.7 142.2 165.2 144.2 167.0Dis 127.5 148.6 136.0 153.5 143.4 154.4
2013 Jan 130.6 168.3 144.3 177.9 146.9 180.5Feb 132.8 177.5 153.2 187.2 146.5 190.6Mac/Mar 131.1 168.4 149.6 175.8 147.9 178.2Apr 130.5 168.9 149.2 176.7 144.3 179.5Mei/May 129.3 163.4 148.7 169.3 143.7 171.5Jun/June 131.0 173.2 155.4 180.3 141.4 183.6Jul/July 131.4 175.4 152.6 184.5 137.5 188.5Ogos/Aug 132.0 177.1 152.0 187.0 137.2 191.2
Period Total Crude Foodstuffs Non-food Non-food Crude fuelmaterials for and materials materials
further feedstuffs except fuelprocessing
Wajaran (Weight)
Jadual 4 : IHPR (2005=100) bagi pengeluaran tempatan mengikut peringkat pemprosesan, Malaysia Table 4 : PPI (2005=100) for local production by stage of processing, Malaysia
25
2 2.1 2.1.1 2.1.2 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.5.1 2.5.2 2.5.2.1 2.5.2.2Tempoh Bahan Bahan dan Bahan untuk Bahan untuk Bahan dan Bahan api yang Bekas Bekalan Industri Industri Makanan Bekalan
perantaraan komponen pembuatan pembuatan lain komponen diproses dan pembuatan bukan binatang lainbekalan dan untuk makanan untuk pelicin pembuatan
komponen pembuatan pembinaan
Wajaran (Weight) 54.62 21.67 5.67 16.00 6.57 11.11 0.65 14.62 12.21 2.41 0.48 1.93
2006 102.0 102.0 98.4 103.3 106.2 104.2 102.7 98.5 98.1 100.4 101.7 100.02007 109.7 116.6 139.4 108.5 111.0 106.2 103.0 101.9 101.7 103.1 111.0 101.12008 125.9 132.2 169.8 118.9 116.8 150.0 111.5 102.7 100.2 115.6 135.8 110.52009 113.0 115.5 136.1 108.2 116.4 116.9 115.9 104.6 102.6 114.8 132.5 110.32010 121.8 127.6 156.0 117.5 118.3 132.6 116.6 106.9 105.3 114.7 139.2 108.52011 135.3 146.2 187.9 131.4 133.1 157.3 119.5 104.3 101.9 116.5 146.4 109.02012 135.6 136.5 172.2 123.9 139.0 169.9 119.9 107.5 105.3 118.6 151.9 110.3
2012 Jan 137.5 140.8 181.3 126.5 141.3 170.3 120.8 106.6 104.4 117.9 149.3 110.0Feb 136.9 139.7 180.1 125.4 141.0 169.7 120.3 106.7 104.4 117.8 148.2 110.2Mac/Mar 137.4 141.3 182.2 126.9 140.7 168.9 119.9 106.9 104.8 117.8 147.7 110.3Apr 138.4 143.7 189.5 127.5 141.1 168.2 120.3 107.6 105.5 118.0 148.1 110.5Mei/May 139.1 142.7 187.8 126.7 141.4 174.6 120.3 106.8 104.6 117.9 149.0 110.1Jun/June 137.7 139.0 178.9 124.9 141.6 173.5 120.0 107.6 105.5 118.1 149.7 110.2Jul/July 137.4 138.1 177.9 123.9 141.3 173.4 119.9 108.2 106.2 118.3 150.5 110.2Ogos/Aug 136.3 135.2 173.5 121.7 136.4 176.4 119.7 108.0 105.8 119.4 155.2 110.5Sept 133.2 134.0 167.5 122.1 136.9 163.6 119.2 108.0 105.6 119.8 157.4 110.4Okt/Oct 132.0 130.1 155.1 121.2 136.8 165.3 119.9 107.9 105.6 119.8 157.6 110.3Nov 130.9 127.7 149.4 120.0 134.8 165.7 119.1 108.0 105.7 119.4 155.4 110.4Dis 130.8 125.9 142.9 119.8 134.8 168.7 119.2 108.1 105.9 119.1 154.2 110.3
2013 Jan 130.9 126.3 143.1 120.3 136.9 168.8 119.2 106.7 104.3 118.7 152.2 110.3Feb 132.2 127.9 147.3 121.0 136.9 172.1 117.9 106.7 104.3 118.9 153.3 110.3Mac/Mar 131.7 127.4 146.6 120.6 136.1 170.7 117.9 107.0 104.7 118.9 153.3 110.3Apr 130.5 127.0 145.7 120.4 133.5 167.5 118.6 106.8 104.4 118.8 153.0 110.3Mei/May 130.1 126.4 145.8 119.5 135.0 165.9 118.2 106.6 104.2 118.6 151.4 110.4Jun/June 130.3 126.8 147.7 119.4 134.5 166.8 118.6 106.5 104.0 118.8 152.4 110.4Jul/July 130.3 127.0 147.3 119.9 134.7 166.3 115.9 106.5 104.0 119.0 153.4 110.4Ogos/Aug 130.9 127.7 147.7 120.6 134.7 166.7 116.1 107.2 104.8 119.1 154.7 110.2
Period Intermediate Materials Materials Materials Materials Processed Containers Supplies Manufacturing Non- Feeds Othermaterials and for food for other and fuels industries manufacturing suppliessupplies components manufacturing manufacturing components and industries
and for for lubricantscomponents manufacturing construction
Jadual 4 : IHPR (2005=100) bagi pengeluaran tempatan mengikut peringkat pemprosesan, Malaysia (samb.)Table 4 : PPI (2005=100) for local production by stage of processing, Malaysia (cont'd)
26
3 3.1 3.1.1 3.1.1.1 3.1.1.2 3.1.2 3.1.2.1 3.1.2.2 3.1.2.3 3.2 3.2.1 3.2.2Tempoh Barang Barangan Makanan Mentah Diproses Barangan Tahan Semi-tahan Tidak Kelengkapan Industri Industri
siap pengguna pengguna pengguna lama lama tahan modal pembuatan bukansiap siap siap lama pembuatan
kecualimakanan
Wajaran (Weight) 30.50 16.40 4.41 1.54 2.87 11.99 6.24 1.57 4.18 14.10 3.11 10.99 2006 103.0 104.1 105.6 112.2 102.1 103.5 104.1 102.9 102.8 101.7 102.6 101.52007 104.6 107.3 112.8 121.7 108.0 105.3 106.2 104.6 104.2 101.5 104.6 100.62008 107.0 111.2 123.3 135.5 116.7 106.8 106.0 105.6 108.3 102.1 105.6 101.12009 107.0 110.4 121.0 134.8 113.6 106.5 105.9 108.6 106.6 103.1 107.1 102.02010 107.6 112.3 123.2 134.9 117.0 108.2 105.8 110.7 111.0 102.1 105.1 101.22011 110.5 119.1 137.1 151.8 129.2 112.5 105.4 112.9 123.0 100.5 104.2 99.52012 111.3 120.5 141.9 162.1 131.1 112.6 105.4 113.9 122.7 100.6 104.7 99.4
2012 Jan 111.0 120.1 141.0 159.8 130.9 112.4 104.9 113.5 123.2 100.5 105.3 99.2Feb 111.1 120.5 141.0 159.0 131.4 112.9 104.9 113.7 124.5 100.2 104.8 98.9Mac/Mar 111.1 120.6 140.0 156.6 131.1 113.4 105.7 113.1 125.1 100.1 104.7 98.8Apr 111.2 120.6 140.6 158.4 131.0 113.2 105.4 112.8 124.9 100.2 104.4 99.1Mei/May 111.2 120.3 141.7 161.1 131.3 112.4 105.4 112.9 122.8 100.5 104.3 99.4Jun/June 111.3 120.4 142.9 164.0 131.6 112.1 105.6 114.1 121.1 100.7 104.5 99.6
Jul/July 111.3 120.5 142.8 164.1 131.4 112.3 105.5 114.4 121.6 100.6 105.0 99.4Ogos/Aug 111.5 120.8 142.3 162.6 131.4 112.8 105.5 114.4 123.2 100.8 105.1 99.5Sept 111.6 120.9 143.4 166.1 131.2 112.7 105.5 114.6 122.6 100.7 104.7 99.6Okt/Oct 111.5 120.6 143.3 166.2 131.0 112.3 105.5 114.4 121.6 100.8 104.5 99.8Nov 111.1 120.0 141.4 162.6 130.0 112.1 105.5 114.6 121.0 100.7 104.4 99.7Dis 111.2 120.2 142.2 164.4 130.3 112.0 105.5 114.6 120.8 100.9 104.4 99.9
2013 Jan 111.6 120.8 143.7 168.3 130.4 112.4 105.6 114.7 121.8 100.9 104.6 99.8Feb 111.9 121.4 144.0 168.4 130.8 113.1 105.7 114.5 123.6 100.9 104.7 99.8Mac/Mar 112.0 121.3 144.5 169.7 131.1 112.7 105.7 114.9 122.3 101.2 104.7 100.1Apr 111.6 120.7 143.9 168.1 130.9 112.2 105.6 115.2 120.9 101.1 104.4 100.1Mei/May 111.4 120.5 143.7 168.1 130.6 111.9 105.4 115.3 120.4 100.8 104.3 99.9Jun/June 111.7 121.0 144.8 170.8 130.9 112.3 105.4 115.5 121.3 100.9 104.8 99.8Jul/July 111.9 121.3 145.0 170.4 131.4 112.6 105.4 115.5 122.3 100.9 104.8 99.8Ogos/Aug 112.0 121.2 144.7 170.4 131.0 112.6 105.4 115.6 122.2 101.3 105.2 100.2
Period Finished Finished Finished Crude Processed Finished Durable Semi-durable Non-durable Capital Manufacturing Non-goods consumer consumer consumer equipment industries manufacturing
goods foods goods industriesexcluding
foods
Jadual 4: IHPR (2005=100) bagi pengeluaran tempatan mengikut peringkat pemprosesan, Malaysia (samb.)Table 4: PPI (2005=100) for local production by stage of processing, Malaysia (cont'd)
EKONOMI DOMESTIK
DOMESTIC ECONOMY
29
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9Tempoh Jumlah Makanan Minuman Bahan- Bahan api Minyak dan Bahan kimia Barang- Jentera Pelbagai Pelbagai
dan bahan galian, lemak barang dan barang urus niagatembakau mentah pelincir, dll binatang keluaran kelengkapan keluaran dan
tidak boleh dan sayur- kilang pengangkutan kilang barangan dimakan sayuran
100.0 5.40 0.87 5.44 17.38 4.24 7.03 10.93 42.86 5.40 0.45
2006 103.1 102.8 104.1 112.2 108.7 98.0 102.9 102.3 100.6 101.4 103.82007 108.8 111.6 105.0 136.9 112.7 140.2 106.0 105.0 102.4 102.8 108.22008 119.9 125.3 106.5 150.7 150.4 170.3 113.7 112.1 103.1 104.6 119.72009 111.1 125.6 108.3 128.6 115.6 133.2 105.1 111.4 104.6 106.1 111.02010 117.3 128.8 107.7 157.4 129.6 156.6 108.3 113.4 105.8 106.7 123.92011 127.8 139.8 111.7 192.3 160.9 192.5 118.4 117.0 105.2 109.4 131.52012 127.9 141.2 112.1 172.8 170.6 170.1 117.9 116.4 106.0 110.0 132.9
2012 Jan 128.9 141.4 112.4 185.0 170.1 181.6 118.6 116.6 105.8 110.0 133.7Feb 129.6 139.8 112.3 185.0 175.4 180.7 117.3 115.9 105.9 109.8 134.4Mac/Mar 130.6 138.7 112.1 190.9 179.3 182.9 118.1 116.3 105.6 110.0 134.2Apr 130.9 139.1 111.7 195.5 176.9 190.5 118.7 116.3 105.9 109.9 132.2Mei/May 129.5 140.3 111.9 185.8 172.6 187.5 119.4 116.2 105.6 110.0 130.1Jun/June 128.0 141.0 112.1 177.9 166.9 177.9 118.7 116.5 106.2 110.2 131.3Jul/July 128.7 141.6 112.4 178.6 171.1 176.1 117.6 116.8 106.5 110.2 132.6Ogos/Aug 128.8 141.7 111.6 166.5 177.5 170.1 117.1 116.3 106.4 110.2 132.4Sept 127.3 142.8 112.0 163.7 170.9 162.8 117.9 116.6 106.1 110.1 133.3Okt/Oct 125.4 143.1 112.0 151.5 167.6 150.0 117.3 116.6 106.0 110.0 133.9Nov 123.8 142.2 112.1 148.7 161.2 143.8 116.9 116.0 106.1 109.8 133.4Dis 122.8 143.0 112.1 144.5 157.4 137.5 116.6 116.4 106.4 109.7 133.0
2013 Jan 124.6 143.3 112.7 151.6 167.1 137.3 117.0 116.4 105.8 109.8 132.6Feb 126.1 143.3 112.4 156.9 172.5 142.0 117.3 116.5 105.7 109.8 132.5Mac/Mar 125.1 143.8 112.5 153.8 167.4 141.0 117.6 116.4 105.8 110.0 131.9Apr 124.5 143.5 113.1 149.3 165.7 140.7 118.4 116.0 105.7 110.0 131.6Mei/May 123.5 143.1 113.3 149.5 161.5 140.6 117.3 115.8 105.4 109.9 129.7Jun/June 124.5 144.7 114.4 151.2 166.6 142.6 117.5 115.8 105.0 110.2 128.9Jul/July 124.9 145.4 115.2 149.2 168.6 142.4 118.3 116.0 105.2 110.1 127.9Ogos/Aug 125.4 145.0 114.4 150.2 170.1 143.3 119.2 115.9 105.4 110.3 128.5
Period Total Food Beverages Crude Mineral Animal and Chemicals Manufactured Machinery Miscellaneous Miscellaneousand materials, fuels, vegetable goods and manufactured transactions
tobacco inedible lubricants, oils and fats transport articles andetc equipment commodities
Jadual 5: IHPR (2005=100) bagi ekonomi domestik mengikut seksyen barangan (SITC 3), MalaysiaTable 5: PPI (2005=100) for domestic economy by commodity section (SITC 3), Malaysia
Wajaran (Weight)
30
Code Weight Ogos/Aug 2012 Jul/July 2013
Ogos/Aug 2013
Jul/July 2013- Ogos/Aug 2013
Ogos/Aug 2012- Ogos/Aug 2013
Jumlah 100.00 128.8 124.9 125.4 0.4 -2.6Total
Makanan 0 5.40 141.7 145.4 145.0 -0.3 2.3Food
Minuman dan tembakau 1 0.87 111.6 115.2 114.4 -0.7 2.5Beverages and tobacco
Bahan-bahan mentah tidak boleh dimakan 2 5.44 166.5 149.2 150.2 0.7 -9.8Crude materials, inedible
Bahan api galian, pelincir, dll. 3 17.38 177.5 168.6 170.1 0.9 -4.2Mineral fuels, lubricants, etc.
Minyak dan lemak binatang dan sayur-sayuran 4 4.24 170.1 142.4 143.3 0.6 -15.8Animal and vegetable oils and fats
Bahan kimia 5 7.03 117.1 118.3 119.2 0.8 1.8Chemicals
Barang-barang keluaran kilang 6 10.93 116.3 116.0 115.9 -0.1 -0.3Manufactured goods
Jentera dan kelengkapan pengangkutan 7 42.86 106.4 105.2 105.4 0.2 -0.9Machinery and transport equipment
Pelbagai barang keluaran kilang 8 5.40 110.2 110.1 110.3 0.2 0.1Miscellaneous manufactured articles
Pelbagai urus niaga dan barangan 9 0.45 132.4 127.9 128.5 0.5 -2.9Miscellaneous transactions and commodities
Jadual 5.1: Perubahan peratus IHPR (2005=100) bagi ekonomi domestik mengikut seksyen barangan (SITC 3), Malaysia Table 5.1: Percentage change of PPI (2005=100) for domestic economy by commodity section (SITC 3), Malaysia
Seksyen/SectionKod Wajaran
Indeks/IndexPerubahan peratusPercentage change
31
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Tempoh Jumlah Makanan Minuman Bahan- Bahan api Minyak dan Bahan kimia Barang- Jentera Pelbagai
dan bahan galian, lemak barang dan barangtembakau mentah pelincir, dll binatang keluaran kelengkapan keluaran
tidak boleh dan sayur- kilang pengangkutan kilang dimakan sayuran
Wajaran (Weight) 100.0 6.13 1.20 7.02 21.92 6.15 6.81 11.47 33.41 5.89
2006 103.8 102.9 104.5 113.3 108.9 98.0 103.1 102.3 100.8 101.52007 111.2 110.9 105.4 141.1 113.2 140.1 106.7 106.3 102.4 103.52008 125.8 125.2 106.9 156.3 154.0 169.8 117.5 116.2 102.0 105.92009 112.2 123.8 108.9 131.1 114.0 132.1 104.0 114.6 103.1 107.72010 120.9 127.3 108.1 164.2 131.2 156.4 109.2 116.8 103.7 108.62011 135.4 139.3 112.2 204.1 165.9 192.9 123.7 121.4 101.8 111.82012 135.1 140.8 112.6 181.6 176.5 170.2 122.1 120.7 103.1 111.7
2012 Jan 136.7 141.1 112.9 195.7 176.2 181.9 123.4 120.9 102.6 111.8Feb 137.6 139.9 112.9 195.8 181.9 181.0 121.7 120.0 102.6 111.5Mac/Mar 139.3 138.4 112.7 202.7 186.2 183.2 122.8 120.6 102.8 111.8Apr 139.5 138.5 112.3 208.0 182.7 191.0 123.6 120.5 103.1 111.6Mei/May 137.6 139.9 112.5 196.8 178.2 188.0 124.5 120.4 102.8 111.7Jun/June 135.1 140.4 112.7 187.3 171.9 178.0 123.0 120.7 103.3 111.9Jul/July 136.3 140.8 113.0 188.0 177.6 176.3 121.6 121.2 103.4 111.8Ogos/Aug 136.6 141.3 112.2 174.0 185.9 170.1 120.9 120.5 103.4 111.7Sept 134.3 142.8 112.6 171.0 177.4 162.9 122.1 121.0 103.3 111.7Okt/Oct 131.5 143.0 112.5 156.9 173.1 149.8 121.3 121.0 103.3 111.6Nov 129.0 141.5 112.6 153.7 165.5 143.5 120.5 120.2 103.3 111.4Dis 127.5 142.5 112.7 148.9 161.3 137.1 120.2 120.8 103.4 111.3
2013 Jan 130.6 143.4 113.3 157.1 173.2 136.9 120.7 120.8 102.9 111.4Feb 132.8 143.4 113.0 163.3 179.8 141.7 121.1 120.8 102.9 111.4Mac/Mar 131.1 143.7 113.2 159.8 173.2 140.7 121.4 120.7 103.1 111.6Apr 130.5 143.5 113.8 154.5 172.0 140.4 122.8 120.3 103.0 111.6Mei/May 129.3 143.9 114.1 154.7 167.4 140.4 121.4 120.3 102.8 111.4Jun/June 131.0 145.5 115.2 156.6 173.5 142.5 121.6 120.2 102.7 111.7Jul/July 131.4 145.4 116.0 154.2 175.6 142.1 122.5 120.5 102.7 111.6Ogos/Aug 132.0 144.3 115.1 155.3 177.0 143.1 123.6 120.3 103.1 111.8
Period Total Food Beverages Crude Mineral Animal and Chemicals Manufactured Machinery Miscellaneous and materials, fuels, vegetable goods and manufactured tobacco inedible lubricants, oils and fats transport articles etc equipment
Jadual 6: IHPR (2005=100) bagi pengeluaran tempatan mengikut seksyen barangan (SITC 3), MalaysiaTable 6: PPI (2005=100) for local production by commodity section (SITC 3), Malaysia
32
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9Tempoh Jumlah Makanan Minuman Bahan- Bahan api Minyak dan Bahan kimia Barang-barang Jentera Pelbagai Pelbagai
dan bahan galian, lemak keluaran dan barang urus niagatembakau mentah pelincir, dll binatang kilang kelengkapan keluaran dan
tidak boleh dan sayur- pengangkutan kilang barangan dimakan sayuran
100.0 3.96 0.20 2.32 8.41 0.47 7.48 9.87 61.52 4.44 1.33
2006 101.6 102.6 99.2 105.4 107.5 97.9 102.6 102.2 100.4 100.9 103.82007 104.0 113.7 101.0 111.2 109.6 141.8 104.7 102.3 102.4 100.9 108.22008 108.2 125.7 101.5 116.9 132.2 183.8 107.0 102.8 104.2 101.1 119.72009 108.8 130.9 101.8 114.0 123.5 163.6 107.1 103.9 106.2 101.9 111.02010 110.2 133.3 102.9 116.8 121.1 161.9 106.6 105.4 108.2 101.7 123.92011 112.8 141.4 105.3 121.8 134.9 180.2 109.1 106.8 108.9 103.2 131.52012 113.6 142.5 105.4 120.4 140.0 167.4 110.1 106.5 109.2 105.6 132.9
2012 Jan 113.5 142.5 105.5 121.1 138.8 174.4 109.9 106.6 109.2 105.2 133.7Feb 113.7 139.5 104.9 120.5 141.6 174.5 109.3 106.4 109.4 105.3 134.4Mac/Mar 113.4 139.6 104.8 120.2 143.7 173.3 109.6 106.5 108.6 105.2 134.2Apr 114.0 141.1 104.8 120.8 146.9 178.2 109.9 106.6 109.0 105.3 132.2Mei/May 113.5 141.6 105.1 120.6 143.8 176.5 110.3 106.4 108.7 105.5 130.1Jun/June 114.0 143.0 105.1 121.6 140.8 174.7 110.8 106.7 109.4 105.8 131.3Jul/July 113.9 144.2 105.4 122.3 137.4 171.5 110.3 106.6 109.7 106.2 132.6Ogos/Aug 113.5 142.8 105.2 121.7 134.5 168.3 110.4 106.5 109.6 106.2 132.4Sept 113.4 143.0 105.3 120.1 137.8 161.0 110.2 106.4 109.2 106.0 133.3Okt/Oct 113.3 143.5 106.1 119.1 138.8 156.9 110.2 106.5 108.9 105.6 133.9Nov 113.4 144.3 106.1 118.4 138.9 151.7 110.3 106.4 109.1 105.7 133.4Dis 113.5 144.5 106.1 118.5 137.2 147.5 110.2 106.3 109.6 105.6 133.0
2013 Jan 112.9 142.8 105.7 118.6 135.6 148.2 110.2 106.4 108.9 105.7 132.6Feb 112.8 142.9 104.8 118.9 135.2 148.8 110.6 106.5 108.8 105.6 132.5Mac/Mar 113.1 144.1 105.0 118.5 137.1 150.0 110.8 106.6 108.7 105.8 131.9Apr 112.6 143.7 104.9 118.1 133.3 148.6 110.5 106.2 108.7 105.9 131.6Mei/May 111.9 140.8 104.5 118.2 131.2 146.8 110.0 105.6 108.2 105.9 129.7Jun/June 111.5 142.6 104.4 118.7 131.1 146.5 110.1 105.7 107.4 106.1 128.9Jul/July 112.1 145.3 105.6 119.2 133.0 148.2 110.7 105.6 107.8 106.2 127.9Ogos/Aug 112.3 147.2 105.9 119.6 134.5 148.3 111.2 105.9 107.8 106.5 128.5
Period Total Food Beverages Crude Mineral Animal and Chemicals Manufactured Machinery Miscellaneous Miscellaneousand materials, fuels, vegetable goods and manufactured transactions
tobacco inedible lubricants, oils and fats transport articles andetc equipment commodities
Jadual 7: Indeks harga import (2005=100) mengikut seksyen barangan (SITC 3), MalaysiaTable 7: Import price index (2005=100) by commodity section (SITC 3), Malaysia
Wajaran (Weight)
NOTA TEKNIKAL
TECHNICAL NOTES
35
NOTA TEKNIKAL
1. Pengenalan
1.1 Penerbitan ini mengandungi Indeks Harga
Pengeluar bagi Pengeluaran Tempatan dan
Ekonomi Domestik yang disusun
menggunakan 2005 sebagai tahun asas.
Sebelum ini, indeks harga pengeluar bagi
sektor pengeluaran tempatan diterbitkan dalam
penerbitan Indeks Harga Pengeluar
(2000=100) yang juga memuatkan indeks
harga pengeluar bagi import dan ekonomi
domestik.
TECHNICAL NOTES
1. Introduction
1.1 This publication comprised of the
Producer Price Index (PPI) for Local
Production and Domestic Economy compiled
using 2005 as the base year. Prior to this, the
producer price index for local production
was published in the Producer Price Index
(2000=100) publication which also
incorporated the producer price indices for
imports and domestic economy.
1.2 IHPR yang pertama telah disusun bagi
Semenanjung Malaysia untuk tahun rujukan
1973 menggunakan tahun asas 1972. Sejak itu,
ia telah melalui beberapa siri pembangunan
yang bukan sahaja telah memperbaiki
metodologi yang digunakan tetapi juga telah
menjadikannya sebagai salah satu daripada
penunjuk ekonomi utama negara. Selepas
tahun asas 1972, IHPR telah dikira bagi tahun
asas 1978, 1989, 2000 dan kini disusun
menggunakan 2005 sebagai tahun asas.
1.2 The first PPI was compiled for
Peninsular Malaysia for the reference year
1973 with 1972 as its base year. Since then,
it has undergone a series of development
which has not only improved the
methodology but also placed itself as one of
the leading economic indicators in the
country. Subsequent to 1972 base year, the
PPI was constructed for base years 1978,
1989, 2000 and is currently compiled using
2005 as the base year.
1.3 Indeks harga pengeluar bagi pengeluaran
tempatan merupakan indeks berasaskan
output, yang mengukur perubahan harga
komoditi untuk jualan pasaran tempatan yang
dinilai pada harga di kilang. Indeks Harga
Ekonomi Domestik ialah indeks komposit
berdasarkan data harga yang diperoleh
daripada indeks harga pengeluaran tempatan
dan import. Indeks ekonomi domestik diwakili
oleh 66.4 peratus wajaran dari pengeluaran
tempatan dan 33.6 peratus wajaran dari
import.
1.3 The producer price index for local
production is an output based index, which
measures the change in the price of
commodities sold to the domestic market
valued at the ex-factory price. The Domestic
Economy Price Index is a composite index
which is based on the price data derived
from that of the local production and import
price indices. The domestic economy index is
represented by 66.4 per cent weights from
local production and 33.6 per cent weights
from imports.
1.4 IHPR bagi pengeluaran tempatan
mengukur purata perubahan harga yang
dikenakan oleh pengeluar barangan dalam
sesuatu industri pada bulan rujukan
berbanding tempoh asas. Oleh itu, ia
merupakan penunjuk ekonomi makro yang
digunakan bagi memantau pergerakan harga
output tempatan dan sering dilihat sebagai
penunjuk awal kepada Indeks Harga
Pengguna.
1.4 The PPI for local production measures
the average change in the prices charged by
producers of goods of an industry in a
reference month compared with the base
period. Thus, it is an important
macroeconomic indicator used for
monitoring the price movements of local
outputs and is often viewed as a leading
indicator of Consumer Price Index.
36
2. Skop dan Liputan
2.1 Pengeluaran Tempatan
IHPR meliputi lima sektor ekonomi, iaitu
Pertanian, Perikanan, Perlombongan,
Pembuatan dan Bekalan elektrik, gas & air.
Indeks diterbitkan di peringkat kumpulan tiga
digit, peringkat bahagian dua digit dan
peringkat kategori satu digit untuk peringkat
Malaysia.
2. Scope and Coverage
2.1 Local Production
PPI covers the following five sectors of the
economy, namely Agriculture, Fishing,
Mining, Manufacturing and Electricity, gas
& water supply.
The indices are published at three digit
group level, two digit division level and one
digit category level for Malaysia.
2.2 IHPR bagi Pengeluaran Tempatan
mengikut Peringkat Pemprosesan
IHPR bagi pengeluaran tempatan mengikut
peringkat pemprosesan dibentuk setelah
komoditi yang disusun semula dan dikelaskan
kepada peringkat pemprosesan iaitu:
(a) Bahan mentah untuk diproseskan selanjutnya
(b) Bahan perantaraan, bekalan dan komponen
(c) Barang siap
2.2 PPI for Local Production by Stage of
Processing
PPI for local production by stage of
processing is compiled by reclassifying the
commodities according to the following stage
of processing:
(a) Crude materials for further processing
(b) Intermediate materials, supplies and
components
(c) Finished goods
2.3 Liputan Produk
Satu koleksi komoditi yang pelbagai telah
dipilih untuk mewakili pelbagai sektor
ekonomi dan harga bagi komoditi ini dipungut
setiap bulan. Sejumlah 630 item komoditi
digunakan dalam penyusunan indeks harga
pengeluar pengeluaran tempatan.
2.3 Product Coverage
A wide collection of commodities are
selected to represent the various sectors of
the economy and the prices for these
commodities are collected on a monthly
basis. A total of 630 commodity items are
used in the compilation of the local
production producer price index.
3. Konsep
3.1 Ia merujuk kepada harga yang diterima
oleh pengeluar pada peringkat pertama
pengkomersilan. Bagi barangan yang
dikeluarkan, diproses atau dipasang di
Malaysia, harga pengeluar merujuk kepada
harga selepas ditolak diskaun dan rebet yang
diberikan oleh pengilang dan tidak termasuk
3. Concept
3.1 This refers to prices received by the
producer at the first stage of
commercialisation. As for goods produced,
processed or assembled in Malaysia,
producer prices refer to prices which are
net of discounts and rebates given by the
manufacturers and net of freight by hired
37
kos pengangkutan yang disewa serta kos
pengangkutan lain antara pengeluar dan
pembeli.
transport and other transport costs between
producer and purchaser.
3.2 Kos pengangkutan bagi pertubuhan yang
tidak menyewa perkhidmatan pengangkutan
tetapi menggunakan kemudahan pengangkutan
sendiri lazimnya merupakan sebahagian
daripada kos item, dan ia telah diambilkira
kerana sukar untuk mengasingkannya.
3.2 The cost of transport for establishments
which do not hire transport services but
utilise their own transport facilities
normally forms part of the cost of the item,
are included as they are difficult to
segregate.
3.3 Harga pengeluar bagi pengeluaran
tempatan untuk tahun asas 2005 merujuk
kepada harga di kilang sahaja dan tidak
termasuk duti eksais dan cukai jualan. Walau
bagaimanapun, bagi tahun asas 1972, 1978,
1989 dan 2000, duti eksais dan cukai jualan
dimasukkan sebagai komponen dalam harga
pengeluar.
3.3 The producer price for local production
for the base year 2005 refers to the ex-
factory price only and excludes excise duty
and sales tax. However, for base years
1972, 1978, 1989 and 2000, excise duties
and sales tax were included as components
of the producer price.
3.4 Pungutan harga bagi item komoditi terpilih
merujuk kepada harga transaksi sebenar dan
bukannya harga senarai.
4. Pemilihan Produk
4.1 Adalah penting untuk mengenalpasti
produk yang mana data harga diperlukan
kerana tidak mungkin untuk mengambil kira
semua komoditi yang dikeluarkan dalam
negara. Oleh itu, bilangan sampel bagi
komoditi dalam penyiasatan IHPR adalah agak
kecil berbanding dengan saiz populasi.
3.4 The price collection for the selected
commodity refers to the actual transacted
price and not the list price.
4. Selection of Products
4.1 It is essential to identify the products for
which price data are needed as it is not
possible to include all the commodities
produced in the country. Hence, the number
of sample commodities in the PPI survey is
relatively small compared to the population
size.
4.2 Pemilihan produk bagi penyiasatan
harga bulanan adalah berdasarkan sumbangan
item kepada jumlah output industri tersebut.
Produk yang terpilih adalah mewakili
kumpulannya. Item yang dimasukkan dalam
pengiraan indeks secara kolektif menyumbang
lebih 75 peratus daripada jumlah output bagi
industri yang dipilih.
4.2 The selection of the products for the
monthly producer price survey is based on
their contributions to the total output of the
industry. The selected items are
representative of their group. The items
included in the compilation of the index
collectively accounted for more than 75 per
cent of the total output of the industry
selected.
38
5. Pemilihan Pertubuhan
Pemilihan pertubuhan adalah berdasarkan
sumbangan pertubuhan tersebut kepada
jumlah output bagi industri yang telah terpilih.
Pertubuhan yang terpilih mewakili produk
masing-masing. Pertubuhan ini secara kolektif
menyumbang 75 peratus daripada jumlah
output produk yang terpilih. Senarai
pertubuhan yang terlibat dalam pengeluaran
tempatan diambil daripada Banci Ekonomi
2005 dan sumber-sumber tambahan. Sampel
tersebut meliputi 1,298 pertubuhan yang
dipilih secara ‘cut-off’ daripada rangka
penyiasatan pembuatan bulanan dan tahunan.
5. Selection of Establishments
The selection of establishments is based
on their contributions to the total output of
the selected industry. The selected
establishments are representative of their
products. These establishments collectively
accounted for more than 75 per cent of the
total output of the products selected. The
lists of establishments are drawn from the
Economic Census, 2005 as well as from
other supplementary sources. The sample
covers 1,298 establishments selected on a
cut-off basis from the monthly and annual
manufacturing frames.
6. Pemilihan Komoditi
6.1 Adalah penting untuk menjalankan kajian
awal bagi mengenal pasti jenis produk yang
laris jualannya bagi setiap item komoditi yang
terpilih di samping keterangan/spesifikasi
yang terperinci tentang jenama, gred, saiz dan
unit ukuran bagi item yang dikeluarkan atau
diimport untuk tujuan pungutan harga. Borang
soal selidik dihantar kepada semua pertubuhan
terpilih pada peringkat awal bagi mendapatkan
maklumat berikut:-
6. Selection of Commodities
6.1 It is necessary to conduct a preliminary
survey to identify the major selling product
varieties under each of the commodity item
selected as well as detailed
description/specification pertaining to the
brand, grade, size and unit of measurement
of items produced for price collection
purposes. Questionnaires are dispatched to
all selected establishments at the initial
stage to enquire the following information:-
(a) Jenama komoditi yang biasa dikeluarkan
(b) Jenama komoditi yang memberikan sumbangan yang penting kepada
pengeluaran syarikat
(c) Keterangan dan spesifikasi terperinci bagi jenama yang dinyatakan di (a)
and (b)
(d) Brosur/katalog bagi jenama komoditi
(a) Regularly produced commodity brands
(b) Commodity brands that constitute a significant share of the companies’
production
(c) Detailed descriptions and specifications of the brands stated
in (a) and (b)
(d) Brochures/catalogues of the
commodity brands
6.2 Pada masa ini, kira-kira 630 komoditi
diliputi dari 1,298 pertubuhan bagi
pengeluaran tempatan setiap bulan dalam
pengiraan IHPR. Komoditi ini dipilih
berdasarkan kepentingannya dalam
pertubuhan. Kira-kira 2,414 produk telah
dipilih bagi barangan keluaran tempatan bagi
tahun asas 2005.
6.2 At present, about 630 commodities are
covered from 1,298 establishments for local
production monthly in the compilation of
PPI. These commodities are selected in view
of their relative importance within the
establishments. About 2,414 products had
been selected for locally produced goods for
the base year 2005.
39
7. Sumber Data /Pungutan Harga
Secara keseluruhannya, sebanyak 2,663
sebut harga dipungut setiap bulan daripada
pertubuhan dan agensi kerajaan. Senarai
agensi kerajaan yang diliputi penyiasatan
adalah seperti berikut:
(a) Jabatan Perikanan Malaysia (b) Jabatan Perkhidmatan Veterinar (c) Lembaga Lada Malaysia
7. Data Sources/Price Collection
Overall, 2,663 price quotations are
collected, on a monthly basis, from both
establishments and government agencies.
The list of government agencies covered by
the survey are as follows:
(a) Department of Fisheries (b) Department of Veterinary Services (c) Malaysian Pepper Board
(d) Lembaga Pemasaran Pertanian Persekutuan
(e) Lembaga Minyak Sawit Malaysia (f) Gas Malaysia Sdn Bhd (g) Tenaga Nasional Berhad (h) Lembaga Koko Malaysia
(i) Lembaga Perusahaan Kayu Malaysia
(j) Lembaga Tembakau Negara (k) Lembaga Getah Malaysia (l) Petroliam Nasional Berhad
(m) Jabatan Bekalan Air Negeri
(d) Federal Agriculture Marketing Authority (FAMA)
(e) Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB) (f) Gas Malaysia Sdn Bhd (g) Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB) (h) Malaysian Cocoa Board
(i) Malaysian Timber Industry Board (MTIB)
(j) National Tobacco Board (k) Malaysian Rubber Board (l) Petroliam Nasional Berhad (PETRONAS)
(m) State Water Supply Department
8. Kawalan Kualiti
8.1 Satu siri semakan dibuat bagi menentukan
data harga yang diterima adalah munasabah,
konsisten dan tepat. Prosedur semakan harga
termasuk membuat perbandingan harga
semasa dengan harga yang dilaporkan pada
bulan sebelumnya bagi responden yang sama,
di samping harga yang dilaporkan oleh
responden lain bagi item komoditi yang sama.
Harga yang menunjukkan perbezaan yang luar
biasa akan dirujuk kepada responden untuk
penjelasan bagi menentukan ketepatan.
8. Quality Control
8.1 A series of checks on the prices received
are carried out to ensure their
reasonableness, consistency and accuracy.
The checking procedures include
comparisons of prices supplied for the
month against those of the previous months
of the same respondents as well as with
prices reported by other respondents for the
same commodity items. Prices that display
unusual variations are clarified with
respondents to ensure the accuracy.
8.2 Harga yang dilaporkan dalam borang akan
disahkan oleh pegawai luar semasa
menjalankan kerja luar dan ia akan disemak
selanjutnya di ibu pejabat. Perubahan harga
yang ketara akan dirujuk kepada pegawai luar
untuk pengesahan. Dalam keadaan tertentu,
responden akan dihubungi terus untuk
penjelasan.
8.2 Prices quoted in the forms are verified
on the ground by field supervisors and these
are subjected to further scrutiny in the
headquarters. Significant price changes are
referred to the field supervisors for
verifications and in certain cases, the
respondents are directly contacted for
clarifications.
40
8.3 Data yang diterima akan disemak secara
teliti sebelum tangkapan data dijalankan.
8.3 The data are subjected to thorough
checking before being captured.
8.4 Anggota di Jabatan Perangkaan Negeri
diberikan latihan sekurang-kurangnya sekali
dalam setahun mengenai prosedur, konsep dan
definisi serta sebarang perubahan tentang
spesifikasi produk dan item yang dipilih.
8.4 The staff of the Department of Statistics
state office is given training at least once a
year regarding procedures, concepts and
definitions as well as any changes in the
selected items and product specifications.
9. Pengiraan Indeks
9.1 Harga Asas
Harga asas bagi setiap item adalah harga
purata bagi jenama tertentu bagi tempoh 12
bulan dalam tahun 2005.
9. Index Calculation
9.1 Base Price
The base price for each item is the average
of the prices for that particular brand for
the 12 months of 2005.
9.2 Formula Indeks
a) IHPR disusun menggunakan formula
Laspeyres base-weighted
9.2 Index Formula
a) The Laspeyres base-weighted formula is
used to compile the PPI.
Di mana = Wajaran nilai relatif/Relative value weights
Where
= Harga tempoh semasa/Current period prices
= Harga tempoh asas/Base period prices
= Kuantiti tempoh asas/Base period quantities
n = Bilangan item/Number of items
s
i
t
in
i
s
is
i
t
in
i s
i
s
i
n
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s
i
s
i
s
i
s
i
n
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s
i
t
i
n
=1i
p
pw
p
p
qp
qp
qp
qp
11
s
i
s
i
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1=i
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i
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ip
s
ip
s
iq
41
b) Formula yang dipilih mempunyai satu
kelebihan di mana ia dapat menentukan
apakah harga tertentu atau kumpulan harga
yang menyebabkan sesuatu perubahan dalam
indeks agregat.
b) The formula selected has an
advantage of determining what specific
price or group of prices are responsible
for any change in the aggregate index.
c) Harga relatif bagi setiap jenis item pada
peringkat jenama komoditi merupakan
peringkat asas bagi pengiraan indeks di
peringkat yang lebih tinggi. Harga relatif
dikira sebagai nisbah peratus harga semasa
berbanding harga pada tahun asas. Ia
diperoleh dengan membahagikan harga
semasa dengan harga tahun asas bagi komoditi
yang sama dan didarabkan dengan 100. Purata
aritmetik mudah bagi harga relatif ini
diperoleh untuk membentuk indeks pada
peringkat item komoditi.
c) The price relative of each item at the
commodity brand level provides the basic
level for the compilation of higher level
indices. Price relatives are calculated as
percentage ratios of the current prices to
those prevailing in the base period and are
obtained by dividing the current prices by
the corresponding base year prices and
multiplying them by 100. The simple
arithmetic averages of these price relatives
are obtained to form indices at the
commodity item level.
d) Pergerakan harga akan diberi wajaran bagi
mencerminkan kepentingan komoditi tersebut
pada tahun asas, di mana tahun asas yang
terkini ialah 2005. Purata indeks harga
komoditi berwajaran diperoleh untuk
dijadikan indeks pada peringkat kumpulan.
Indeks bahagian komoditi diperoleh daripada
purata indeks komoditi berwajaran yang
termasuk dalam bahagian tersebut, manakala
indeks seksyen komoditi diperoleh daripada
purata aritmetik indeks barangan berwajaran
yang termasuk dalam seksyen tersebut
d) The movements in these prices are
weighted to reflect the relative importance
of the commodities in the base year, which
is currently 2005. The weighted average of
commodity price indices is obtained to form
price indices at the group level. The
commodity division index is derived as
weighted average of the indices of the
commodities included in that division, while
the commodity section index is obtained as
weighted arithmetic average of the indices
of all divisions included under that section.
e) IHPR Pengeluaran Tempatan keseluruhan
disusun secara berperingkat dari peringkat
jenis komoditi (10 digit), kepada item
komoditi (5 digit), kelas komoditi (4 digit),
kumpulan komoditi (3 digit), bahagian
komoditi (2 digit) dan seterusnya kepada
peringkat kategori (1 digit).
e) The overall PPI for local production is
built up progressively from the commodity
variety level (10 digit) to commodity item
(5 digit), commodity class (4 digit),
commodity group (3 digit), commodity
division (2 digit) and commodity category
level (1 digit).
9.3 Wajaran
a) Wajaran diperoleh daripada Banci
Ekonomi 2005, Akaun Negara Muktamad
2005 dan sumber data alternatif bagi nilai
pengeluaran. Wajaran di peringkat sektor
(1 digit), industri (5 digit) adalah berdasarkan
9.3 Weights
a) The weights are obtained from the
Economic Census, 2005, Final National
Accounts 2005 (FNA 2005) and other
alternative sources of data for the value of
production. The weights at sector (1 digit),
42
Akaun Negara Muktamad 2005 manakala
sumbangan setiap komoditi (10 digit) dalam
industri diperoleh berdasarkan nilai
pengeluaran Banci Ekonomi 2005.
industry (5 digit) are based on FNA 2005
while contribution of each commodities (10
digit) within the industry are obtained base
on production value derived from Economic
Census, 2005.
b) Wajaran item diberikan mengikut
perkadaran sumbangan item kepada jumlah
nilai output dalam ekonomi. Wajaran
peringkat sektor diberikan seperti pada
Lampiran A.
b) The item weights are assigned in
proportion of their contributions to the total
value of output in the economy. The weights
at sector level are given in Appendix A.
c) Polisi Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia adalah
membuat pindaan berkala kepada struktur
wajaran IHPR apabila data daripada banci
ekonomi diperoleh, pada umumnya dalam
tempoh lima tahun sekali.
c) It is the policy of Department of
Statistics to revise the PPI weighting
structure periodically when data from
economic censuses become available,
generally at five-year intervals.
9.4 Indeks Terkumpul
Pada peringkat pertama pengagregatan, harga
individu digabung dengan mengira purata
aritmetik sebut harga di bawah item komoditi
tersebut (contohnya, item A), di mana satu
harga daripada setiap satu pertubuhan (X, Y,
Z) digabung untuk mendapatkan agregat asas
bagi item A. Indeks produk yang terperinci
diberi wajaran keseluruhannya bagi
mendapatkan indeks produk diperingkat yang
lebih tinggi menggunakan nilai pengeluaran
produk yang terperinci bagi keseluruhan
ekonomi. Indeks industri diperoleh dengan
memberi wajaran keseluruhan produk indeks
yang relevan bagi setiap industri
menggunakan nilai output bagi produk yang
berbeza dalam industri tersebut.
9.4 Aggregated Index
At the first stage of elementary aggregation,
individual prices are combined by
computing their arithmetic average of the
quotations under that commodity item (say,
item A), where one price from each of
several establishments (X, Y, Z) are
combined to give an elementary aggregate
for item A. The detailed level product
indices are weighted together to give higher
level product indices using the value of
production of the detailed products for the
economy as a whole. Industry indices are
obtained by weighting together the product
indices relevant for each industry using the
values of output of the different products for
that industry.
9.5 Perubahan indeks
a) IHPR mengukur perubahan harga dari
tempoh rujukan yang
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