7/23/2019 Kajian Pengaruh Aktiviti Ekonomi di Ladang Teh Sabah Terhadap Alam Sekitar dan Manusia - Leslie Michael Chang
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3,= ]jlhjlcbcl
Icgkcl klk okgcbclicl nchk djloc}cticl octc$octc djlhjlck }jlhc~za ijhkctcl
jiflfdk tj~acoc} cbcd ujiktc~, Ijhkctcl dclzukc dj~zgzi ij}coc citkpktk dclzukc
{clh okclhhc} ujnchck dclzukc jiflfdk, Ujnchck dclzukc jiflfdk" kc djlgcbclicl
citkpktk ac~kcl ojlhcl nj~kltj~ciuk ojlhcl cbcd ujiktc~ zltzi djlec}ck ijujgcatj~ccl
akoz} !Ijlh Uz Ujlh" >==:+, Ijhkctcl jiflfdk tj~dcuzibca }j~tclkcl" }j~bfdnflhcl"
}jdncbcicl" }j~kiclcl" }jltj~lcicl ocl ujnchckl{c,
Ijucl Ijhkctcl jiflfdk tj~acoc} cbcd ujiktc~
Cltc~c ijhkctcl jiflfdk {clh tj~njuc~ ok Dcbc{ukc kcbca citkpktk }j~tclkcl, Citkpktk
}j~tclkcl gzhc }jl{zdnclh ztcdc ij}coc }jlhz~clhcl aztcl ok Dcbc{ukc,
]jdnziccl tclca nc~z nchk djlgcbclicl citkpktk klk tjbca djl{jncnicl }jlj~ficcl
aztcl nj~bciz ocbcd uicbc {clh njuc~, ]coc tcazl 3;;=" Dcbc{ukc djd}zl{ck gzdbca
icxcucl {clh okbk}ztk aztcl ujncl{ci >30"03= id>, ]coc tcazl >=== gzdbca klk tjbca
djlz~zl ij}coc 3;>";>= id> ucacgc, Klk djlzlgziicl }jlhz~clhcl ujncl{ci >5"0;=
id> ctcz }coc icoc~ 3,>* ujtcazl, !@ffo clo Ch~kezbtz~j F~hclkwctkfl f` taj Zlktjo
Lctkflu" >==:+ ]jlhz~clhcl aztcl ncl{ci djl{zdnclh ijc~ca dcucbca$dcucbca
}jlejdc~cl {clh bckl, Ujnchck efltfal{c acikucl tclca {clh nj~bciz ciknct oc~k}coc
tkcoc acbclhcl$acbclhcl ok bcbzcl cbk~cl ck~ {clh djlhz~clhicl }jlhacikucl
}j~dziccl tclca gzhc tkcoc chjl }jl{j~c}cl uj}j~tk cic~$cic~ tzdnzacl zltzi
djl{j~c} ujgzdbca ck~ {clh nj~tcizlh ocbcd tclca, Ij~fucicl ej~zl ujdzbcgcok gzhc
nj~bciz djdcloclhicl }cloclh oc~ct cicl nj~znca gkic }jlj~ficcl djbkncticl
}jlj~cacl nzikt, Ujbckl oc~k}coc ktz gzhc tclca ocl bzd}z~ cicl djlhcbk~ ij icxcucl
uzlhck ocl cicl djlejtjiicl uzlhck ocl djdjloc}icl akbk~ uzlhck ok ucd}klh
djlgjgcuicl izcbktk ck~ ocl ijakoz}cl cizctki, Uctz bchk kuz {clh djdnkdnclhicl kcktz
}jlhhzlccl ~cezl uj~clhhc {clh nj~bjbzcuc ok Dcbc{ukc, Ocbcd uctz icgkcl
djlzlgziicl Dcbc{ukc dj~z}cicl ljhc~c tj~ncl{ci djlhhzlcicl ~cezl uj~clhhc ok
Cukc, !^j}jttf & Ncbkhc" 3;;0+, ^cezl uj~clhhc klk nzicl ucacgc djl{jncnicl
7/23/2019 Kajian Pengaruh Aktiviti Ekonomi di Ladang Teh Sabah Terhadap Alam Sekitar dan Manusia - Leslie Michael Chang
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}jlejdc~cl tclka" gzhc njicbcl ck~ ok uzlhck gzhc ncxca tclca, Ujdnz~cl ~cezl
uj~clhhc gzhc ujec~c tkoci bclhuzlh djl{jncnicl }jl{cikt izbkt ij ctcu dclzukc,
Citkpktk jiflfdk {clh tj~ijlcb ok Dcbc{ukc gzhc tj~dcuzibca ijhkctcl }j~bfdnflhcl,
]j~bfdnflhcl ok Dcbc{ukc uzoca bcdc okzucacicl ujgci ujnjbzd ijoctclhcl }jlgcgca
ij _clca Djbc{z, ]j~bfdnflhcl ujec~c t~cokukflcb tkoci ncl{ci djdnj~k kd}ci {clh
ljhctk` ij ctcu cbcd ujiktc~, Icjoca }j~bfdnflhcl dfojl djl{jncnicl ijdzulcacl
{clh nj~bciz ok icxcucl {clh okzucacicl, Efltfal{c }jlhhzlccl ic}cb if~ji {clh
dj~fuciicl ut~zitz~ tclka ocl djl{jncnicl }jdjloc}cl ok akbk~ uzlhck, Bfdnflh
jdcu {clh nj~uicbc ijekb }zl dcd}z djl{jncnicl akbk~ uzlhck djlgcok djloc} ocl
djlhhclhhz }A ck~ uzlhck djlgcok nj~cuko, Bfdnflh }cuk~ ok }j~ukuk~cl }cltck
djl{jncnicl ijdzulcacl tj~znz ic~clh ocl gzhc djlhclecd akoz}cl dc~kl ok
icxcucl tj~ujnzt, Uctz bchk uktzcuk {clh nkcucl{c nj~bciz okdclc icxcucl bfdnflh
{clh tjbca ijacnkucl uzdnj~l{c cicl tj~njlhicbck ocl tj~nkc~ djlgcok tcuki {clh
nj~ncac{c, Ocl ijxzgzocl ncloc~ ctcz }jicl ok icxcucl bfdnflh djdl{jncnicl
}jlejdc~cl cbcd ujiktc~ {clh bjnka ifd}bjiu uj}j~tk }jlejdc~cl zoc~c" }zbcz acnc"
nclgk~ ikbct" ijdzulcacl acnktct ackxcl ocl ncl{ci bchk,
7/23/2019 Kajian Pengaruh Aktiviti Ekonomi di Ladang Teh Sabah Terhadap Alam Sekitar dan Manusia - Leslie Michael Chang
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Klozut~k }j~kiclcl ok Dcbc{ukc ncl{ci okzucacicl ok }jukuk~ }cltck" uzlhck ocl tcuki,
Dcbc{ukc dj~z}cicl cltc~c ljhc~c {clh ic{c ojlhcl acukb bczt, Lcdzl acukb$acukb bczt
klk ujik~cl{c tkoci okicxcb cicl djlhhclhhz jifukutjd ocl gzhc cicl djlhz~clhicl
uzdnj~ }~ftjkl, Efltfal{c ok Izlci" Ucnca okbc}f~icl djlhjbzc~icl ?51 tcl djt~ki
acukb bczt ok }cuc~ ac~kcl ocj~ca tj~ujnzt, !Gcnctcl Bczt Ucnca" 3;;:$>===+,
]jlj~ficcl ocuc~ bczt {clh tkoci tj~icxcb cicl djl{jncnicl ij}z}zucl ackxcl,
Icjoca }j~kiclcl t~cokukflcb nkcucl{c tkoci djl{jncnicl ij~fucicl ocl tkoci
djlhclecd uzdnj~ bczt, _jtc}k }coc ac~k klk" }jlhhzlccl nft" ic}cb" }zict tzloc
dj~fuciicl tj~zdnz ic~clh ok ocuc~ bczt" djlejdc~icl bczt ciknct }j~tzd}cacd
dkl{ci ocl ujnchckl{c,
Ukutjd }jlhclhiztcl nkcucl{c cicl oknklc nchk djlhclhizt acukb oc~k}coc }j~zucacl
jiflfdk ok uctz$uctz icxcucl, Gcbcl ~c{c {clh oknklc ok icxcucl }j~zucaccl
nkcucl{c cicl djl{jncnicl acikucl tclca ij~clc tkcoc tzdnzacl {clh djl{fiflh
tclca ocl djlhacbclh }jlhcbk~cl ck~ {clh oj~cu, Ujbckl ktz gzhc" bclouic} gzhc cicl
nj~znca djl{jncnicl }cloclh oc~ct ok icxcucl nj~znca oc~k njltzi cucb, _clca
~zltza ocl hjbflhuf~cl tclca gzhc uj~klh nj~bciz ocl klk cicl djl{jncnicl bjnka
ncl{ci dcucbca$dcucbca cbcd ujiktc~ {clh uj~kzu, Kcl{c nzicl ucacgc
djdncac{cicl `bf~c ocl `czlc tjtc}k gzhc dclzukc ujlok~k,
7/23/2019 Kajian Pengaruh Aktiviti Ekonomi di Ladang Teh Sabah Terhadap Alam Sekitar dan Manusia - Leslie Michael Chang
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>,= Bctc~ njbciclh dcucbca
Icxcucl ~clcz dj~z}cicl icxcucl {clh eziz} tj~ijlcb ojlhcl klozut~k }j~tclkcl
ocl }jbcleflhcl, Ciknct oc~k}coc }jdnclhzlcl klk" ncl{ci }j~zncacl {clh nj~bciz
ij ctcu cbcd ujiktc~, ]jljnclhcl }fifi zltzi tzgzcl }jdnziccl tclca nc~z ujnchck
icxcucl }j~tclkcl djdnj~k kd}ci ij}coc kibkd ok ^clcz, _j~oc}ct }j~zncacl uzaz ok
~clcz {clh ijtc~c, O~, ^cdwca Ocdnzb" >==;" djlgclhicicl gzbct uzaz tclca tklhhk
Izlocuclh ok ^clcz lcki ij}coc cltc~c 5> aklhhc ?0 oc~gca Ejbukzu }coc tcazl >=:8
nj~ncloklh cltc~c 30 aklhhc >5 oc~gca Ejbukzu ujic~clh, Njbkcz nj~ictc nj~ictc
}j~zncacl djlococi gzbct uzaz ktz nj~njwc ojlhcl }j~zncacl gzbct uzaz =,: oc~gca
Ejbukzu ocbcd tjd}fa >= tcazl bcbz, ]j~zncacl kibkd ^clcz klk djlhhcdnc~icl
njtc}c njuc~l{c kd}ci }jljnclhcl }fifi ocl }jdclcucl hbfncb tj~acoc} uzaz ok
^clcz, ]jlozozi ujiktc~ {clh tjbca bcdc djljtc} ok icxcucl ^clcz dj~zlhzt
tj~acoc} }j~zncacl kibkd {clh ujdcikl }clcu, Ocbcd gclhic dcuc {clh }clgclh"
ijcoccl klk oktciztk cicl djlhz~clhicl gzdbca }jbcleflh {clh nj~izlgzlh ij ^clcz,
]jtclk$}jtclk ok Ucnca iazuzul{c iz~clh ujluktk` ojlhcl kuz$kuz cbcd ujiktc~,
_jilfbfhk ocbcd }j~tclkcl }coc dcuc iklk djlhcikncticl ~cdck }jtclk djlhcdnkb
klkukctk` ojlhcl djlhhzlcicl ~cezl uj~clhhc ocl ncgc ikdkc zltzi ijhkctcl }j~tclkcl,
Ncacl$ncacl klk cicl djlejdc~icl uzlhck nj~ojictclij~clc ncacl ikdkc klk djlhcbk~
ij uzlhck djbcbzk ukutjd ucbk~cl, Nzicl uzlhck ucacgc tj~ejdc~" dcbca izcbktk tclca
gzhc tj~gjgcu, Ocbcd cianc~ Ztzucl Dcbc{ukc" Lfpjdnj~ 30" >=3=" Ocj~ca ^clcz {clh
okijlcbk ujnchck }jlhjbzc~ ztcdc uc{z~cl ljhj~k iklk nj~acoc}cl clecdcl
}jlejdc~cl uzlhck {clh uj~kzu, Octzi Dcukok Dclgzl nj~ictc" ukic} }jtclk {clh tkoci
djlhcdcbicl cdcbcl }j~tclkcl ncki djl{jncnicl nj~bcizl{c }jlejdc~cl uzlhck ok
ocj~ca ^clcz,
Acikucl tclca gzhc chci djdnkdnclhicl ij~clc ijncl{cicl icxcucl bj~jlh nzikt ok^clcz oktj~fick zltzi tzgzcl }j~tclkcl ocl }jlhclhiztcl, Uctz }j~kutkxc tclca ~zltza
njuc~ nj~bciz ok bcbzcl cltc~c Iftc iklcncbz$^clcz !Nj~lcdc" =3 Okujdnj~ >==;+
dj~z}cicl ucbca uctz ciknct oc~k}coc acikucl tclca, Ocbcd gclhic dcuc {clh
}clgclh" cicl bjnka ncl{ci icxcucl {clh djlhcbcdk ijgcokcl {clh ucdc,
7/23/2019 Kajian Pengaruh Aktiviti Ekonomi di Ladang Teh Sabah Terhadap Alam Sekitar dan Manusia - Leslie Michael Chang
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Citkpktk }j~tclkcl tj~ztcdcl{c ok Ucnca ncl{ci djlhkd}f~t tjlchc nz~za oc~k ljhc~c
gk~cl, Utctkutki }coc tcazl >==1 ok Dcbc{ukc ucacgc tj~oc}ct >,3> gztc f~clh }jij~gc
cuklh {clh djdkbkik }cu ctcz }j~dkt ij~gc {clh uca" dclcicbc bjnka uctz gztc f~clh
okclhhc~icl nj~utctzu ]C_K !Lkqfl Ag, Cnozb Acnk" >==;+, Ok Ucnca }zbc" ujncl{ci
3:8";00 ]C_K {clh okoc`tc~icl ok Ucnca, !Cbxk Kn~cakd" >=33+, ]j~ic~c klk
djdnkdnclhicl bjnka$bjnka bchk ukic} ~ci{ct tjd}ctcl {clh djdnj~k ij~gcucdc
ij}coc ]C_K gzhc cocbca }zlec dj~jic tj~zu dcuzi ij ljhc~c klk ocl tklhhcb bjnka
bcdc, Hfbflhcl ]C_K klk dzoca okjiu}bfktcuk fbja ~ci{ct tjd}ctcl {clh djlhcdnkb
ijujd}ctcl ojlhcl djl{jokcicl }jbzclh }jij~gccl, Dj~jic cicl djdnc{c~ hcgk
{clh bjnka ~jloca ij}coc ]C_K nchk dj~cka ijzltzlhcl {clh nj~hcloc, Lcdzl"
Ijacok~cl }jij~gc cuklh tj~ztcdc ]C_K gzhc djlhzloclh dcucbca ufukcb tj~ztcdc
gjlc{ca ok ljhc~c klk, Xcbcz}zl njhktz oc~k}coc utctkutki djlzlgzicl icoc~ gjlc{ca
{clh okbcizicl fbja }jloctclh cuklh acl{c ?,:8 }j~ctzu }coc tcazl >==1 !Lkqfl Ag,
Cnozb Acnk" >==;+, Ij~cgccl tkoci dcaz }jloctclh cuklh tj~ztcdc ]C_K djlgcok
}jl{zdnclh ij}coc icoc~ gjlc{ca ok ljhc~c klk, Xcbcz}zl icoc~l{c ~jloca" ~ci{ct
dj~cuc ez~khc ocl ijtciztcl nj~ocuc~icl njnj~c}c ijgcokcl {clh djbkncticl
}jloctclh cuklh tj~ztcdc ]C_K,
7/23/2019 Kajian Pengaruh Aktiviti Ekonomi di Ladang Teh Sabah Terhadap Alam Sekitar dan Manusia - Leslie Michael Chang
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5,= ]jl{ctccl dcucbca
Icgkcl djlhjlck clecdcl tj~acoc} cbcd ujiktc~ cocbca }j~bz okgcbclicl uz}c{c acukb
icgkcl dcd}z djdnj~k u}juk`kicuk {clh bjnka tj~}j~klek ij}coc dcu{c~cict ocl
djdnzct cbtj~lctk` zltzi djl{jbjuckicl dcucbca klk ujbclgztl{c, ]coc ac~k klk"
}jdnclhzlcl ujujnzca icxcucl nkcucl{c cicl djl{jncnicl ncl{ci dcucbca
}jlejdc~cl {clh nj~bciz,
Icgkcl gzhc djlhcdnkb ik~c ijucl }jdnclhzlcl jiflfdk ij}coc dclzukc, Ijucll{c
djdzlhikl }jlozozi tjd}ctcl djlj~kdc ijucl oc~k}coc }jlejdc~cl cbcd `kwkicb,
Izcbktk ijakoz}cl dcu{c~cict ujtjd}ct cicl tj~gjgcu, Ujbckl oc~k}coc ktz" dcucbca
ijdcuzicl xc~hc cuklh ij icxcucl ujtjd}ct cocbca dj~zluklhicl, Ijdcuzicl
xc~hc cuklh ok ljhc~c klk cicl djl{zdnclh ij}coc ncl{ci }j~dcucbcacl uj}j~tk
icecz nkbcz ocl }jlklhictcl gjlc{ca, Ijdcuzicl xc~hc cuklh gzhc nfbja
djl{jncnicl jiflfdk ljhc~c tj~gjgcu, Klk ij~clc z}ca {clh ok}j~fbjak cicl okacltc~
ij bzc~ ljhc~c tjtc}k tkoci oknjbclgcicl ok Dcbc{ukc, Klk djl{jncnicl cbk~cl dctc xclh
Dcbc{ukc cicl djdncxc ij}coc dcucbca jiflfdk
?,= ]j~ufcbcl Icgkcl
Icgkcl klk djd}zl{ck njnj~c}c clockcl uj}j~tk nj~kizt7
3, C}cica gjlku ijhkctcl jiflfdk ok icxcucl icgkcl6
>, C}cica `citf~$`citf~ {clh djlhhcbciicl citkpktk jiflfdk ok icxcucl icgkcl6
5, C}cica aznzlhickt ijhkctcl jiflfdk ojlhcl citkpktk }jbcleflhcl6
?, C}cica ijucl ijhkctcl jiflfdk tj~acoc} cbcd ujiktc~ ocl dclzukc,
:, C}cica bclhica$bclhica djlhctcuk dcucbca cbcd ujiktc~ ocl dclzukc
7/23/2019 Kajian Pengaruh Aktiviti Ekonomi di Ladang Teh Sabah Terhadap Alam Sekitar dan Manusia - Leslie Michael Chang
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:,= Fngjitk` Icgkcl
Cltc~c fngjitk` icgkcl klk kcbca7
3, Djlhjlcb}cutk ijhkctcl jiflfdk ok icxcucl icgkcl
>, @citf~$`citf~ {clh djlhhcbciicl citkpktk jiflfdk ok icxcucl icgkcl
5, Aznzlhickt ijhkctcl jiflfdk ojlhcl citkpktk }jbcleflhcl
?, Ijucl ijhkctcl jiflfdk tj~acoc} cbcd ujiktc~ ocl dclzukc,
:, Djlhjlcb}cutk bclhica djlhctcuk dcucbca cbcd ujiktc~ ocl dclzukc
0,= Nctcucl icgkcl
0,3 _jd}fa Icgkcl
Icgkcl klk okgcbclicl ujbcdc > ac~k nj~dzbc }coc 3: Uj}tjdnj~ ujaklhhc 30
Uj}tjdnj~ >=33,
0,> Icxcucl Icgkcl
Icgkcl cicl okgcbclicl ok ujiktc~ icxcucl Bcoclh _ja Ucnca" ^clcz,
0,5 ju}flojl Icgkcl
Icgkcl cicl ok`fizu ocbcd icbclhcl }jlhzucac" }jij~gc bcoclh ocl }jlozozi
ok ujiktc~ Bcoclh _ja Ucnca" ^clcz,
0,? @fizu Icgkcl
Icgkcl {clh okgcbclicl cicl djlhicgk
0,?,3 Gjlku ijhkctcl jiflfdk {clh okgcbclicl,
0,?,> @citf~ {clh djlhhcbciicl ijhkctcl jiflfdk,
0,?,5 Aznzlhickt gjlku ijhkctcl jiflfdk {clh okgcbclicl ojlhcl
ijhkctcl }jbcleflhcl,
0,?,? Ijucl ijhkctcl jiflfdk tj~acoc} cbcd ujiktc~ ocl dclzukc,
0,?,: Bclhica nchk djlhctcuk ijucl ljhctk` tj~acoc} cbcd ujiktc~,
7/23/2019 Kajian Pengaruh Aktiviti Ekonomi di Ladang Teh Sabah Terhadap Alam Sekitar dan Manusia - Leslie Michael Chang
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8,= ij}jltklhcl icgkcl
Icgkcl klk cdct nj~dcilc ocbcd ifltjiu }jlklhictcl ijkbdzcl ocbcd }jdnclhzlcl
ocl kuz }j~ujiktc~cl, Ok Dcbc{ukc" }jdnclhzlcl ujitf~ }j~tclkcl dcuka bchk }j~bcacl
ujoclhicl kibkd ok dcbc{ukc uclhct ujuzck zltzi djlgcokicl dcbc{ukc ujnchck ljhc~c
}j~tclkcl uj}j~tk {clh okzucacicl fbja ij~cgccl, Ujitf~ }jbcleflhcl }zbc tjbca
djlhcbcdk }jdnclhzlcl }juct ok Dcbc{ukc ujgci cxcb tcazl 3;;=cl, Ujitf~
}jbcleflhcl okgclhic cicl tj~zu nj~ijdnclh djlgjbclh cnco ij$>3, Acukb icgkcl klk
dcd}z djl{zdnclh ij}coc }jlklhictcl }jlhjtcazcl }j~tclkcl" }jbcleflhcl ocl
kuz }j~ujiktc~cl, Acukb icgkcl {clh okijdzicicl fbja }jl{jbkoki oc}ct djdnj~k
dcl`cct ij}coc ujdzc }kaci ocbcd zucac dj~clhic ocl djbciuclcicl
}jdnclhzlcl jiflfdk {clh dc}cl ocl dju~c cbcd, _klgczcl icgkcl bj}cu ocl acukb
icgkcl gzhc djlgcok uzdnj~ ~zgzicl ocl }clozcl cucu nchk }kaci {clh tj~bknct,
_klocicl dclzukc ujnchck chjl ocbcd djlhjiu}bfktcuk uzdnj~ cbcd ujdzbc gcok" acukb
icgkcl klk okac~c} oc}ct okhzlcicl ujnchck }clozcl ocl }jlhcgc~cl,
7/23/2019 Kajian Pengaruh Aktiviti Ekonomi di Ladang Teh Sabah Terhadap Alam Sekitar dan Manusia - Leslie Michael Chang
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1,= Bficuk Icgkcl
Icgkcl tjbca okbciuclcicl ok Bcoclh _ja Ucnca {clh tj~ijlcb ojlhcl ijhkctcl
jiflfdkl{c kcktz }j~tclkcl ocl }jbcleflhcl, Bficuk tj~ujnzt tj~bjtci ok Icd}zlh
Lcbc}ci" ^clcz, Icxcucl icgkcl cocbca ujbzcu >:== ajitc~, Ncl{ci ek~k$ek~k icxcucl
klk {clh djlgcok tc~kicl }jbcleflh ok ujbz~za ozlkc,
1,3 ]jtc Bficuk
^cgca 1,3 7 ]jtc bficuk
7/23/2019 Kajian Pengaruh Aktiviti Ekonomi di Ladang Teh Sabah Terhadap Alam Sekitar dan Manusia - Leslie Michael Chang
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3=
1,> Ufukcb
Icgkcl klk tjbca okgcbclicl ok ocj~ca ^clcz" Ucnca, Icxcucl klk tj~bjtci ok
icxcucl }jocbcdcl Ucnca" ocbcd icxcucl iactzbkutkxc aztcl t~f}kic
cltc~c :=5=( $ 0=>=(L ocl 3305= $ 338==J,
^clcz ocj~ca djd}zl{ck }jlozozi uj~cdck ?;,8:1 f~clh ojlhcl
uzdnj~ ztcdc }jloc}ctcl ok icbclhcl }jlozozil{c kcbca }j~tclkcl
!:=*+" }jbcleflhcl ocl njij~gc ujlok~k !8*+" ocl }jlgcxct cdcd
!35*+, !X, Bklhctca" C, ^, Dfgkfb" G, Ifofa" D, Ufbkdzl" >=3=70=+
Ujec~c zdzdl{c" dcgf~ktk }jlhazlk ocj~ca ^clcz cocbca uziz iczd
Ozuzl, _j~oc}ct ujhjbkltk~ }jlozozi eklc Aciic ocl Afiikjl {clh
djlhkuk }f}zbcuk ^clcz, _j~oc}ct gzhc ujhjbkltk~ iczd$iczd bckl uj}j~tk
ncgcz" icocwcl" Djbc{z" Dz~zt ocl bckl bckl,!Xkik}jokc 7 ^clcz+
Ok icxcucl icgkcl" dcgf~ktk }jij~gcl{c cocbca }jlozozi }j~knzdk kcktz
0=* oc~k}coc }jij~gc ijujbz~zacl, ?=* cocbca }jij~gc oc~k}coc
Klofljukc, Klk cocbca ij~clc tjlchc ij~gc Klofljukc ok}j~bzicl ok Bcoclh
_ja Ucnca,
Ijhkctcl jiflfdk {clh okgcbclicl ok icxcucl icgkcl kcbca ijhkctcl
}j~tclkcl ujec~c ifdj~ukcb ocl gzhc jif}jbcleflhcl, _j~oc}ct
ijdzocacl {clh okujokcicl nchk djlc~ki dklct }jbcleflh zltzi
nj~izlgzlh ij icxcucl icgkcl,
1,5 Kibkd
Kibkd ok icxcucl icgkcl dj~z}cicl icxcucl tclca tklhhk, Uzaz ok
icxcucl icgkcl cocbca bjnka ~jloca oc~k}coc ok icxcucl tclca ~jloca,
Uj}j~tk tclca tklhhk ecdj~fl akhabclo" uzaz ok icxcucl tj~ujnzt cocbca
ok ujiktc~ 30E aklhhc >?E }coc tcazl >=== !Klpjut Kl ]caclh7 _clca
_klhhk+, Dclcicbc icxcucl {clh nj~acd}k~cl ojlhcl icxcucl icgkcl
kcktz Izlocuclh }zbc djd}zl{ck uzaz ok ujiktc~ 30E aklhhc >5E }coc
tcazl >==; !O~, ^cdwca Ocdnzb" >==;+, Ujec~c cdl{c" ^clcz
djd}zl{ck uzaz }z~ctc >:,8E ocl azgcl tcazlcl ujncl{ci >:==dd
ujtcazl !Xcbtj~ Bkltclhca" >=3=+
7/23/2019 Kajian Pengaruh Aktiviti Ekonomi di Ladang Teh Sabah Terhadap Alam Sekitar dan Manusia - Leslie Michael Chang
11/39
33
1,? Cu}ji cbcd kwkicb
1,?,3 Njltzi dzic nzdk
Njltzi dzic nzdk ok ocj~ca ^clcz cocbca nj~nzikt nzicz, Lcdzl
ujncachkcl icxcucl ok ^clcz cocbca ~ctc ocl okijbkbklhk nzikt,
1,?,> Hcdnc~cl tclca
Djlz~zt G, Ucd !>==1+" _clca gjlku Ocj~ca ^clcz tj~ok~k oc~k}coc Nklcbki"
N~cltkcl" Ocbkt ocl Bcncz {clh ujuzck zltzi }j~tclkcl ocl }j~bcoclhcl
}fifi !X, Bkltclhca" >=3=+, Fbja ktz" gjlku tclca {clh ujuzck klk nfbja
djdnj~k hcdnc~cl djlhjlck gjlku tclca {clh nj~coc ok icxcucl icgkcl
ij~clc klk cocbca ek~k$ek~k {clh }j~bz okztcdcicl zltzi djloc}ct acukb
tclcdcl {clh ncki,
1,?,5 Ucbk~cl
^cgca 1,> 7 Ucbk~cl tclca
7/23/2019 Kajian Pengaruh Aktiviti Ekonomi di Ladang Teh Sabah Terhadap Alam Sekitar dan Manusia - Leslie Michael Chang
12/39
3>
Ucbk~cl {clh ztcdc kcbca Uzlhck Bkxchz !Gcnctcl Ocj~ca ^clcz" >==;+,
Ukutjd ucbk~cl ok ocj~ca ~clcz okujbjlhhc~c fbja Gcnctcl ]jlhck~cl ocl
Ucbk~cl Ljhj~k Ucnca ecxclhcl ^clcz, Gcnctcl klk djlhjlocbk ocl
djl{jbjlhhc~c Uikd$uikd ]jlhck~cl tj~dcuzi uikd$uikd }jlhck~cl ijekb
{clh okzucacicl fbja }jtclk$}jtclk ujec~c ijekb$ijekbcl zltzi djdncltz
djlcdncaicl acukb ijbzc~cl }cok dj~jic, Uikd$uikd ]jlhck~cl {clh
tj~oc}ct ok Ocj~ca ]jltconk~cl G]U ^clcz, !Gcnctcl ]jlhck~cl ocl ucbk~cl
Ucnca" >=3=+, Ukutjd ucbk~cl ztcdc ncloc~ {clh djbkncticl }c~kt$}c~kt ztcdc
gzhc okujbjlhc~c, Ujdjltc~c ktz }c~kt$}c~kt ujizloj~ ocl }c~kt$}c~kt
}j~zdcacl okujbjlhhc~cicl fbja }kaci nj~izcuc tjd}ctcl, ]c~kt$}c~kt tj}k
gcbcl~c{c }zbc okujbjlhhc~cicl fbja Gcnctcl Ij~gc ^c{c, Ij~gc$ij~gc
}jdjbkac~ccl uzlhck dj~z}cicl `zlhuk t~cokuk G]U {clh }jltklh, Ok cltc~c
ij~gc$ij~gc {clh tj~bknct cocbca djdnj~uka uzlhck kcktz djlhjbzc~icl ukuc$
ukuc uj}j~tk ic{z$ic{z {clh djl{jict cbk~cl ck~ uzlhck" djlhf~ji uzlhck
uj~tc djbz~zuicl uzlhck, Ujec~c }z~ctc Ocj~ca ]jltconk~cl G]U ^clcz
djdjbkac~c ujncl{ci 3;? nctclh uzlhck uj}clgclh 5=5 id ujtkc} tcazl,
!Gcnctcl ]jlhck~cl ocl ucbk~cl Ucnca" >=3=+
7/23/2019 Kajian Pengaruh Aktiviti Ekonomi di Ladang Teh Sabah Terhadap Alam Sekitar dan Manusia - Leslie Michael Chang
13/39
35
1,?,? Gjlku tzdnzacl
Gjlku aztcl {clh tj~bjtci ok tclca tklhhk nkcucl{c Aztcl J~kecejfzu, !]zucic
^kdnc Dcbc{c 7 Aztcl azgcl+, Ocbcd ijtklhhkcl 3":== djtj~ oc~k }c~cu bczt"
nkcucl{c gjlku tzdnzacl {clh tj~oc}ct ok icxcucl klk djlhclozlhk u}jukju
}fifi nj~uckw ijekb" njlhifi ocl ~jloca uj}j~tk ijbct" }j~kzi ij~c ocl
nj~nchck gjlku njbzic~" nzbza" ~jucd" }ciz }ciku ocl bzdzt,
Ocbcd icgkcl X, Bkltclhca !>==;+" cltc~c gjlku }fifi {clh tzdnza ok
icxcucl ^clcz kcbca ]fifi Oz~kcl" ]fifi Hjtca" ]fifi Cicukc" ]fifi Gctk"
Ic{z Hfufi" ]fifi ]klj" ]fifi Nklzclh" ]fifi Ujltclh Ocl ]fifi Bc~cl,
Ok icxcucl icgkcl" }fifi$}fifil{c nj~uckw ijekb ocl tkoci tj~bcbz tklhhk,
Ocacl$ocacll{c nj~okcdjtj~ ujoj~aclc, _zdnzacl jqftke uj}j~tk }j~kzi
ij~c ocl gzhc ~j`bjukc gzhc coc tzdnza ok icxcucl icgkcl,
;,= Djtfofbfhk
;,3 ^jic njltzi icgkcl
^jic njltzi icgkcl bc}clhcl klk cocbca bjnka ij}coc njltzi icjoca izcbktctk`
ocl acl{c djlhhzlcicl icjoca izcltktctk` ujnchck ufiflhcl ij}coc dcibzdct
{clh ok}j~fbjak, Djlz~zt Ljdcl !>===+" icgkcl izcltktctk` dj~z}cicl uzctz
}j~tcl{ccl tj~acoc} dcucbca {clh tjbca okijlcb}cutk {clh dclc nj~ocuc~icl
ij}coc }jlhzgkcl uzctz tjf~k {clh okhznca fbja }jdnfbjaznca" okziz~ djbcbzk
}j~xcikbcl lfdnf~" ocl okclcbkuc djlhhzlcicl tjilki utctkutkicb, Dclcicbc
djlz~zt Afbbfxc{ !3;;8+" icgkcl izcbktctk` dj~z}cicl uzctz njltzi }j~tcl{ccl
ufukcb {clh djd`fizuicl ij}coc ec~c kltj~}~jtcuk dclzukc ocl bfhkicb tj~acoc}
}jlhcbcdcl dj~jic uj~tc }j~ujiktc~cl ok dclc dj~jic tklhhcb !Zlkpj~uktk
_jilfbfhk Dcbc{ukc7 Djtfofbfhk Icgkcl+, Ocbcd j~tk ictc {clh bjnka dzoca"
icjoca izcbktctk` bjnka nj~uk`ct ojui~k}tk` {clh bjnka ij}coc }jlhaz~ckcl }j~ic~c$}j~ic~c {clh okicgk ocl uif} icgkcl djbk}ztk nkbclhcl ~ju}flojl {clh ijekb,
Dclcicbc icjoca izcltktctk` djbkncticl clhic$clhic" }j~ctzucl utctkutki ocl
bckl$bckl, Uif} icgkcl djbkncticl ~ju}flojl {clh njuc~,
7/23/2019 Kajian Pengaruh Aktiviti Ekonomi di Ladang Teh Sabah Terhadap Alam Sekitar dan Manusia - Leslie Michael Chang
14/39
3?
^cukflcb }jlhhzlccl icjoca izcbktctk` ocbcd icgkcl klk ij~clc uif} icgkcl
acl{c tj~tzd}z ocbcd uctz icxcucl tj~}j~klek, Icgkcl klk tkoci djdj~bzicl
~ju}flojl {clh ~cdck ij~clc acl{c uctz ~ju}flojl ucacgc uzoca djdcock
ocl icgkcl klk djbkncticl bjnka ncl{ci icjoca }jdj~actkcl ocl tjdznzcb,
Icjoca izcltktctk` okhzlcicl zltzi djl{fiflh ij}coc ujncachkcl fngjitk`
icgkcl kcktz aznzlhickt cltc~c ijhkctcl jiflfdk ojlhcl citkpktk }jbcleflhcl
ocl `citf~$`citf~ {clh djlhhcbciicl citkpktk jiflfdk ok icxcucl icgkcl,
Icjoca izcbktctk` okhzlcicl zltzi djloc}cticl dcibzdct nchk ijujdzc
fngjitk`,
;,> Klut~zdjl Icgkcl
;,>,3 ]jdj~actkcl
k, Icdj~c Icdj~c okhzlcicl nj~tzgzcl zltzi djlhcdnkb nzitk
}jdj~actkcl ok icxcucl icgkcl, Cbct klk nj~`zlhuk djlclhic} kdjg$kdjg
uj}j~tk ijcoccl tclca" gjlku tzdnzacl" }jlejdc~cl cbcd ok icxcucl
icgkcl,
kk, Nziz ectctcl Nziz ectctcl okhzlcicl zltzi djlectct jbjdjl$jbjdjl
{clh oc}ct okbkact oc~k}coc }jdj~actkcl ocbcd njltzi }jictccl, Kc gzhc
nfbja okgcokicl cbct zltzi djbcic~ }jtc ok icxcucl icgkcl,
kkk, ]j~cicd Pkojf Cbct klk okhzlcicl zltzi dj~jifo nzl{k ocl gzhc kdjg
nj~hj~ci zltzi djloc}cticl hcdnc~cl {clh bjnka gjbcu, Cbct klk ujuzck
zltzi dj~cicd nzitk }jdj~actkcl ucdnkb dj~cicd uzc~c zltzi
}jlgjbcucl tj~}j~klek djlhjlck fngji {clh ok~cicd, Efltfal{c ucbk~cl
tclca" }jlejdc~cl ocl bckl$bckl,
7/23/2019 Kajian Pengaruh Aktiviti Ekonomi di Ladang Teh Sabah Terhadap Alam Sekitar dan Manusia - Leslie Michael Chang
15/39
3:
;,>,> _jdznzcb
Ufcbcl tjdznzcb cbct klk okhzlcicl zltzi djloc}cticl dcibzdct tj~}j~klek
oc~k}coc ~ju}flojl, Ufcbcl {clh oktcl{c cocbca nj~uk`ct tj~nzic chc~
}jdj~fbjacl dcibzdct bjnka bzcu uif}l{c, Klk cocbca zltzi djlhjbci
ijtklhhcbcl dcibzdct }jltklh ujdcuc djdnzct icgkcl, Ufcbcl cocbca dj~zgzi
ij}coc }j~ufcbcl icgkcl uj}j~tk nj~kizt7
3, C}cica gjlku ijhkctcl jiflfdk ok icxcucl icgkcl6
>, C}cica `citf~$`citf~ {clh djlhhcbciicl citkpktk jiflfdk ok icxcucl icgkcl6
5, C}cica aznzlhickt ijhkctcl jiflfdk ojlhcl citkpktk }jbcleflhcl6
?, C}cica ijucl ijhkctcl jiflfdk tj~acoc} cbcd ujiktc~ ocl dclzukc,
:, C}cica bclhica$bclhica djlhctcuk dcucbca cbcd ujiktc~ ocl dclzukc,
;,>,5 ]j~cbctcl bckl
k, Nf~clh ufcb ujbkoki $ Nchk djlhzd}zb octc$octc izcltktctk`" nf~clh
ufcb ujbkoki okjoc~icl ij}coc }jij~gc bcoclh ocl }jlozozi ok ujiktc~
bcoclh tja ucnca, Nf~ci ufcb ujbkoki klk dj~clhizdk 5 ncachkcl kcktz
}~f`kb" dcl`cct ijhkctcl jiflfdk tj~acoc} cbcd ujiktc~ ocl dclzukc
ocl aznzlhickt ijhkctcl jiflfdk ocl }jbcleflhcl, Nf~clh klk gzhc
djlhhzlcicl c~cu ncacuc {clh dzoca chc~ dzoca ok`cacdk
}jlozozi ok icxcucl ktz,
kk, Ifd}cu cbct klk okhzlcicl zltzi djlhjlcb}cutk c~ca dctc clhkl,
Gzhc zltzi djlhziz~ ijej~zlcl nzikt ok bcoclh tja
kkk, ]jtc ]jtc djdnj~k hcdnc~cl tj}ct djlhjlck }cloclh oc~ct ok
icxcucl bcoclh tja Ucnca
kp, Ebklfdjtj~ okhzlcicl zltzi djlhziz~ ijej~zlcl ok icxcucl icgkcl,
Ijej~zlcl cocbca okziz~ ocbcd zlkt oc~gca uzozt, Octc klk okizd}zb
nj~tzgzcl zltzi djlkbck ijujbcdctcl }jlclcdcl tja ok ej~zl nzikt,
7/23/2019 Kajian Pengaruh Aktiviti Ekonomi di Ladang Teh Sabah Terhadap Alam Sekitar dan Manusia - Leslie Michael Chang
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30
;,5 _jilki }jlhzd}zbcl octc
;,5,3 Octc }~kdj~
Octc ]~kdj~ kcbca octc djltca {clh ok}j~fbjak ujdcuc icgkcl ujoclh
okgcbclicl, Octc }~kdj~ okizd}zb djlhhzlcicl icjoca }jdj~actkcl"
tjdznzcb ocl ufcb ujbkoki, Octc }~kdj~ bjnka okztcdcicl ocbcd icgkcl klk,
octc$octc }~kdj~ klk cicl okclcbkuku ocbcdnjltzi }j~nkleclhcl" utctkutki"
ocl gcozcb,
;,5,> Octc ujizloj~
Octc ujizloj~ kcbca octc {clh tjbca ujokc coc ocl okgcokicl ~zgzicl,
Octc klk gzhc dj~z}cicl icgkcl ocl ijukd}zbcl {clh oknzct ujnjbzd
icgkcl klk okgcbclicl, Octc ujizloj~ ok}j~fbja oc~k}coc gz~lcb" nziz" tjuku"
bcdcl xjn ocl ij~ctcl cianc~, Octc klk cdct }jltklh zltzi djl{fiflh
dcucbca icgkcl ocl zltzi okncloklhicl ojlhcl octc }~kdj~,
;,? Clcbkuku Octc
Octc$octc {clh okizd}zb tjbca ok}~fuju ocbcd njltzi clcbkuku utctkutki okui~k}tk`
ocl clcbkuku okui~}tk`, Zltzi octc$octc {clh ok}j~fbjak oc~k}coc icjoca
izcltktctk`" octc tj~ujnzt ok}~fuju ocbcd njltzi clcbkuku utctkutki octc ocl
ok}j~ujdncaicl ocbcd njltzi h~c` nc~ ctcz}zl ec~tc }ck, Zltzi octc izcbktctk`"
octc tj~ujnzt okclcbkuku ujec~c okui~k}tk` ojlhcl }jlj~clhcl tj~}j~klek nchk
ujtkc} djibzdct,
7/23/2019 Kajian Pengaruh Aktiviti Ekonomi di Ladang Teh Sabah Terhadap Alam Sekitar dan Manusia - Leslie Michael Chang
17/39
38
3=,= Bc}f~cl Acukb
3=,3 Djlhjlcb}cutk ijhkctcl jiflfdk ok icxcucl icgkcl
Gcozcb 3=,3 7 Gjlku$gjlku ijhkctcl jiflfdk ok icxcucl icgkcl
Icxcucl icgkcl nzicl ucacgc djlhzucacicl citkpktk }j~tclkcl tjtc}k gzhc ijhkctcl
}jbcleflhcl" }j~lkchccl ocl }j~iakodctcl, Ocbcd ujitf~ }jbcleflhcl" afdjutc{
ctcz}zl ~zdca ujxc ocl jef$tfz~kud okujokcicl, Ocbcd ujitf~ }j~lkchccl }zbc"
i~c`tclhcl oc~k}coc }jlozozi tjd}ctcl ocl gzhc }~fozi tja okgzcb ok icxcucl icgkcl
okdclc }jbcleflh tj~tzd}z ok icxcucl tj~ujnzt, ]jdnf~flh gzhc nj~z~zulkchc ok
icxcucl icgkcl djdnf~flh oczl tja zltzi okgzcb ij ujbz~za Ucnca, Ocbcd ujitf~
}j~iakodctcl }zbc" ~jutf~cl coc oknclhzlicl,
Gjlku Ijhkctcl jiflfdk Citkpktk
]j~tclkcl ]jlclcdcl _ja
]jbcleflhcl Jef$_fz~kud
Afdjutc{ ^zdca Ujxc
]j~lkchccl I~c`tclhcl
Djlgzcb ]~fozi _ja
]jdnf~flh
]j~iakodctcl ^jutf~cl
7/23/2019 Kajian Pengaruh Aktiviti Ekonomi di Ladang Teh Sabah Terhadap Alam Sekitar dan Manusia - Leslie Michael Chang
18/39
31
3=*
8=*
>=*
Ijdzocacl djdjlzak ij}j~bzcl
}jlhzlgzlh_koci Ujtzgz Iz~clh ujtzgz Ujtzgz Uclhct ujtzgz
Iz~clh
Nj~}zcuActk
3=*
Nj~}zcu Actk
1=*
UclhctNj~}zcu Actk
3=*
^ju}flojl nj~}zcu actk ojlhcl
ijdzocacl {clh okujokcicl
3=,> @citf~ {clh djlhhcbciicl ijhkctcl jiflfdk ok icxcucl Icgkcl
^cgca 3=,3 7 ^ju}fl ijdzocacl icxcucl icgkcl ij}coc }jlhzlgzlh
^cgca 3=,> 7 ^ju}fl Ijdzocacl icxcucl icgkcl ij}coc }jij~gc
7/23/2019 Kajian Pengaruh Aktiviti Ekonomi di Ladang Teh Sabah Terhadap Alam Sekitar dan Manusia - Leslie Michael Chang
19/39
3;
Gjlku Ijdzocacl
^zdca Ujxc& _zd}clhcl
_jbj`fl Cxcd
Gcbcl ^c{c
Ibklki
]zuct Kl`f~dcuk
^jutf~cl
Gcozcb 3=,> Gjlku ijdzocacl
@citf~ djlhhcbciicl citkpktk jiflfdkok icxcucl icgkcl
Clcbkuku
Ijdzocacl okujokcicl djdjlzak ij}j~bzcl
}jlhzlgzlh
]kbkacl ^ju}fl
Iz~clh ujtzgz 3=*
Ujtzgz 8=*
Uclhct ujtzgz >=*
]jij~gc nj~}zcu actk ojlhcl ijdzocacl {clh
okujokcicl
Iz~clh nj~}zcu actk 3=*
Nj~}zcu actk 1=*
Uclhct nj~}zcu actk 3=*
Gcozcb 3=,5 @citf~ hcbcicl citkpktk jiflfdk
7/23/2019 Kajian Pengaruh Aktiviti Ekonomi di Ladang Teh Sabah Terhadap Alam Sekitar dan Manusia - Leslie Michael Chang
20/39
>=
Gjlku _c~kicl Ujncn Ijoctclhcl
Hjfh~c`k ocl kibkd Njltzi dzic nzdk ujuzck zltzi citkpktk
bcuci
Uzaz icxcucl {clh ujgzi
Ijhkctcl ]j~tclkcl Djdnzct }jl{jbkokicl
Djd}jbcgc~k tjilki djlclcd tja
]j~iakodctcl ocl
ijdzocacl
Ncl{ci ijdzocacl okujokcicl 7
afdjutc{" bfohj" }jdcloz }jbcleflh obb
Bc{clcl {clh ncki oc~k}coc }jij~gc
bcoclh
^jutf~cl zlki
Bckl$bckl Kibcl !Ijd}jl Eztk$eztk Dcbc{ukc+
]jdnj~kcl }~fozi ujec~c }j~ezdc
]jdnj~kcl okuiczl tj~acoc} }~fozi tja
_c}ci ujgc~ca !Djdf~kcb Ojcta Dc~ea+
Utctzu bcoclh tja !Bcoclh tja f~hclki
ijozc tj~ncki ok ozlkc+
Gcozcb 3=,? Ujncn ijoctclhcl }jbcleflh
Gjlku$gjlku ijdzocacl {clh okujokcicl ok icxcucl icgkcl kcbca uj}j~tk ~zdca ujxc"
tjbj`fl cxcd" gcbcl ~c{c" ibklki" }zuct kl`f~dcuk ocl ~jutf~cl, Ojlhcl ijdzocacl$
ijdzocacl klk" }c~c }jbcleflh ocl }jij~gc ~ctc$~ctc nj~}zcu actk ojlhcl ijdzocacl
{clh okujokcicl, !^zgzi ~cgca 3=,3 ocl ~cgca 3=,>+, Cltc~c }jlc~ki {clh djlc~ki
ijoctclhcl }jbcleflh ok icxcucl klk kcbca njltzi dzic nzdkl{c ujuzck zltzi citkpktk
bcuci ocl kibkdl{c {clh ujgzi djlc~ki }jbcleflh oc~k icxcucl nj~uzaz ~jloca,
]j~tclkcl {clh okgcbclicl djlc~ki dklct }jlhicgk zltzi djlgcbclicl }jl{jbkokicl ok
icxcucl ktz ocl djd}jbcgc~k tjilki djlclcd tja, Ncl{ci }j~iakodctcl {clh
okujokcicl ujnchck ijdzocacl zltzi ujitf~ }jbcleflhcl !~zgzi gcozcb 3=,>+, _c~kicl
bckl kcbca }~fdfuk {clh okbcizicl fbja }jlhzucac bcoclh" `citf~ ujgc~ca ocl utctzu
bcoclh tja {clh okclzhj~caicl ujnchck bcoclh tja f~hclki ijozc tj~ncki ok ozlkc,
7/23/2019 Kajian Pengaruh Aktiviti Ekonomi di Ladang Teh Sabah Terhadap Alam Sekitar dan Manusia - Leslie Michael Chang
21/39
>3
3=,5 Aznzlhickt ijhkctcl jiflfdk ojlhcl citkpktk }jbcleflhcl
Aznzlhickt Nztk~cl
]jbcleflhcl djdncxc ijzltzlhcl Ocbcd :===$3==== ~knz }jlhzlgzlhoctclh nj~izlgzlh ij icxcucl icgkclocbcd ujnzbcl,
]jbcleflhcl djl{jokcicl }jbzclh}jij~gccl
]jbzclh }jij~gccl uj}j~tk }jlkchc"}jdcloz }jbcleflh" }jtclk" }jdnf~flh"}jlhzucac ~jutf~cl obb,
]jbcleflhcl djdnzic ~zclh zltzi citkpktkjif}jbcleflhcl {clh bckl
Ih Bzcltk okdcgzicl djlgcok }zuct}j~clhklcl ojlhcl }jdnziccl u}c kicl,
Gcozcb 3=,: 7 Ijnckicl citkpktk }jbcleflhcl
Citkpktk }jbcleflhcl ncl{ci djdncxc `cjoca ij}coc jiflfdk ljhc~c, Cltc~c
ijnckicl citkpktk }jbcleflhcl ok icxcucl icgkcl ij}coc jiflfdk kcbca }jlhzlgzlhl{c
{clh ~cdck djdncxc ijzltzlhcl {clh ncl{ci ij}coc }jlhzucac, Ujbckl oc~k}coc
ktz" }jbcleflhcl djlutcnkbicl jiflfdk }jlozozi tjd}ctcl ojlhcl djdnj~k }jbzclh
}jij~gccl, ]jbcleflhcl gzhc djdnzic ~zclh zltzi citkpktk }jbcleflhcl ok icxcucl
bckl uj}j~tk Ih, Bzcltk,
7/23/2019 Kajian Pengaruh Aktiviti Ekonomi di Ladang Teh Sabah Terhadap Alam Sekitar dan Manusia - Leslie Michael Chang
22/39
>>
3=,? Ijucl ijhkctcl }jlclcdcl tja tj~acoc} cbcd ujiktc~ ocl dclzukc ok
icxcucl Bcoclh _ja Ucnca,
Gcozcb 3=,0 Ijucl ijhkctcl jiflfdk
]jdnclhzlcl jiflfdk ok icxcucl icgkcl djdncxc ijucl ljhctk` ocl }fuktk`, Ocbcd
cu}ji cbcd ujiktc~" Ijucl ljhctk` {clh oc}ct okbkact kcbca acikucl tclca nj~bciz ok
njnj~c}c icxcucl, Ujbckl oc~k}coc ktz" icxcucl {clh hj~uclh ok njnj~c}c icxcucl
djlzlgziicl izcbktk tjbca djlz~zl, Ujbckl oc~k}coc ktz" cbk~cl tclca tkoci djd}zl{ck
bz~ca, Ocbcd cu}ji dclzukc" ijucl }fuktk` kcbca }jbzclh }jij~gccl okujokcicl ij}coc
}jlozozi tjd}ctcl, Ujbckl oc~k}coc ktz" }jlozozi tjd}ctcl djd}zl{ck djokzd
zltzi djlgzcb acukb i~c` tclhcl dj~jic zltzi dj~cka ijzltzlhcl, ]jlozozi tjd}ctcl
gzhc oc}ct djdcgzicl icxcucl }j~ujiktc~cl, Lcdzl" ijucl ljhctk`l{c kcbca
}jlozozii tj~}ciuc nj~ucklh ojlhcl nz~za cuklh zltzi djloc}cticl }jbzclh
}jij~gccl,
Gjlku Ijucl Ijucl
]fuktk` Ljhctk`
Cbcd Ujiktc~ Acikucl tclca,
Izcbktk tclca djlz~zl,
Cbk~cl tclca tkoci dcd}zl{ck
bz~ca,
Dclzukc Djdnzic }jbzclh
}jij~gccl,
]j~ucklhcl ij}coc }jlozozi
tjd}ctcl ocbcd ujitf~
}jij~gccl,
Djdnj~k klkukctk` ij}coc
}jlozozi zltzi djlgzcb
acukb tjd}ctcl,
Djdcgzicl icxcucl
}j~ujiktc~cl,
7/23/2019 Kajian Pengaruh Aktiviti Ekonomi di Ladang Teh Sabah Terhadap Alam Sekitar dan Manusia - Leslie Michael Chang
23/39
>5
3=,: Bclhica nchk djlhctcuk dcucbca cbcd ujiktc~ ok icxcucl Bcoclh _ja
Ucnca,
Fbja ij~clc ijhkctcl jiflfdk {clh okgcbclicl ok icxcucl icgkcl tz~zt
djdnj~kicl ijucl ljhctk` ij}coc cbcd ujiktc~ tj~oc}ct njnj~c}c bclhcica
{clh tjbca okcdnkb fbja }kaci }jlhz~zucl bcoclh zltzi djlhctcuk dcucbca
tj~ujnzt kcktz7
Nkb, Dcucbca Bclhica Djlhctcuk
=3, Acikucl _clca Djlclcd tzdnzacl bktz} nzdk
=>, Izcbktk tclca djlz~zl _koci djlhhzlcicl ncgc ocl ~cezl
uj~clhhc oc~k ncacl ikdkc,Djlhhzlcicl ncgc ifd}fu,
=5, Uj~clhcl uj~clhhc }j~fuci Djlhjicbicl icxcucl aztcl
Djlclcd ~zd}zt hcgca
Gcozcb 3=,8 Bclhica djlhctcuk }jlejdc~cl cbcd ujiktc~
]kaci }jdcgz tjbca djlhcdnkb njnj~c}c klkukctk` zltzi djlhcxcb }jlejdc~cl {clh
nj~bciz ok icxcucl icgkcl, Cltc~cl{c kcbca djlclcd tzdnzacl bktz} nzdk ok bj~jlh$
bj~jlh nzikt, Ujbckl oc~k}coc ktz" zltzi djlhjbciicl izcbktk tclca dj~fuft" ncgc ifd}fu
okhzlcicl ujnchck }jlhhcltk ncgc ikdkc, Zltzi djlhjbciicl }jlejdc~cl tclca ocl
uzlhck" }kaci }jdcgz djlhhzlcicl icxcbcl nkfbfhk zltzi djlhhcltkicl ~cezl
}j~fuci, Ujbckl oc~k}coc ktz" icxcucl aztcl ok ujijbkbklh icxcucl icgkcl ok}jbkac~c
zltzi okgcokicl }jbklozlh ij}coc tclcdcl tja,
7/23/2019 Kajian Pengaruh Aktiviti Ekonomi di Ladang Teh Sabah Terhadap Alam Sekitar dan Manusia - Leslie Michael Chang
24/39
>?
33,= ]j~nkleclhcl ocl ecoclhcl
33,3 ]j~nkleclhcl
33,3,3 Djlhjlcb}cutk gjlku tclcdcl ok icxcucl icgkcl,
Icxcucl icgkcl acl{c djlclcd tja ujec~c ifdj~ukb, _kcoc tclcdcl ucd}klhcl {clh
oktclcd ok icxcucl icgkcl, Lcdzl tj~oc}ct aztcl$aztcl ujdzbc gcok {clh okgcokicl
}jbklozlh ij}coc tclcdcl tja, _j~oc}ct gzhc njnj~c}c tzdnzacl ujdzbc gcok {clh
djlgcok tc~kicl }jbcleflh, _zdnzacl$tzdnzacl jiuftki uj}j~tk ~c``bjukc ocl }j~kzi
ij~c okictcicl coc tzdnza ok icxcucl bcoclh tja, _zdnzacl$tzdnzacl tkoci
okhclhhz ocl okbklozlh zltzi tzgzcl jif}jbcleflhcl,
Uctz bchk tclcdcl {clh okgcokicl ujnchck }jlhcxcb uj~clhhc }j~fuci kcbca ^zd}zt
Hcgca, ^zd}zt hcgca tkoci tzdnza ujec~c ujdzbc gcok ok icxcucl icgkcl tjtc}k kcl{c
okncxc ij icxcucl bcoclh tja zltzi oktclcd chc~ uj~clhhc cicl ejloj~zlh zltzi
djl{j~clh ~zd}zt hcgca klk oc~k}coc tclcdcl tja,
^cgca 33,3 Oczl _ja
7/23/2019 Kajian Pengaruh Aktiviti Ekonomi di Ladang Teh Sabah Terhadap Alam Sekitar dan Manusia - Leslie Michael Chang
25/39
>:
33,3,> @citf~$`citf~ {clh djlhhcbciicl citkpktk jiflfdk ok icxcucl
icgkcl
c, ]j~tclkcl
_j~oc}ct ozc gjlku citkpktk jiflfdk {clh okgcbclicl ok icxcucl icgkcl kcktz citkpktk
}j~tclkcl ocl }jbcleflhcl, Cltc~c `citf~ }jlc~ki {clh djlgcokicl icxcucl icgkcl
okgcokicl icxcucl }j~tclkcl kcbca ij~clc ek~k$ek~k icxcucl tj~ujnzt {clh ujuzck ojlhcl
}jlclcdcl tzdnzacl nj~kibkd ujoj~aclc, Ok icxcucl tclca tklhhk" uj}j~tk Ecdj~fl
Akhabclo ocl izlocuclh" uzaz {clh ~jloca ik~c$ik~c 31E d~jlhhcbciicl }jlclcdcl
tja" uc{z~$uc{z~cl ocl nzlhc$nzlhccl acxc ujoj~aclc, !I,E, [fjlh" Oc~dkloc~
Uklha" >==8+
Zltzi }jlclcdcl tja {clh nj~ijucl" gjlku tclca tklhhk cocbca ujuzck ojlhcl ]a
nj~cuko ocbcd bklhizlhcl ?,: aklhhc :,:, _clca {clh ejtji ocl }coct djlhacoicl
}j~tzdnzacl cic~, _clca {clh ejtji ocl dcd}ct gzhc cicl djlhcbcdk ijij~klhcl
ijtkic ijdc~cz ocl nclgk~ }coc dzukd azgcl, Fbja ktz" tclca {clh ujuzck tkoci
uj}ctztl{c djlhclozlhk nctzcl ij~cu uj}clgclh > djtj~ ijocbcdcl, Gc~ci }fifi tja
ocl cbk~cl ck~ ncxca tclca tkoci ac~zu iz~clh oc~k ;= ed ocl }j~cleclhcl tcocacl
cocbca ok}j~bzicl zltzi tclca {clh bjnka ncki ocl cdcbcl }jlhz~zucl ck~ ok ocbcd
bcoclh tja zltzi ziz~ tclca {clh ok~jic zltzi djlhjlcb }cutk ujdzc ek~k$ek~k tf}fh~c`k
dcgf~ ocl dklf~ }j~bz okgcbclicl, !_jc ^jujc~ea Cuufekctkfl7Ebkdctj clo ufkb+, Ujbckl
oc~k}coc ktz" }jlclcdcl tja klk cocbca nj~njltzi f~hclki, Fbja ktz" icxcucl icgkcl
dj~z}cicl icxcucl {clh njncu oc~k}coc }jlejdc~cl {clh tj~zi, Izcbktk zoc~cl{c
dcuka ujuzck zltzi }jlclcdcl tja f~hclki, Aztcl$aztcl {clh ujokc coc ok ujijbkbklh
bcoclh tja cocbca dj~z}cicl }jbklozlh ujdzbc gcok ij}coc tja$tja oc~k}coc
djlj~kdc ncacl$ncacl ikdkc oc~k zoc~c,
n, ]jbcleflhcl
@citf~ {clh djlgcokicl tc~kicl }jbcleflh ok icxcucl tj~ujnzt kcbca ij~clc icxcucl
aztcll{c {clh djdnfbjaicl }jlhzucac zltzi djbciuclcicl citkpktk$citkpktk bcuci,
Icxcucl icgkcl klk djl{jokcicl citkpktk uzicl bcuci uj}j~tk Gzlhbj t~ceiklh" nj~ncukicb
ocl }j~tcloklhcl dj~jltcu ojuc, Ujbckl oc~k}coc ktz gzhc" icxcucl icgkcl dj~z}cicl
7/23/2019 Kajian Pengaruh Aktiviti Ekonomi di Ladang Teh Sabah Terhadap Alam Sekitar dan Manusia - Leslie Michael Chang
26/39
>0
icxcucl icgkcl {clh ujbcbz djlgcok tzzd}zcl }jlhicgk ujbz~za ljhc~c,
Djdcloclhicl tzdnzacl$tzdncacll{c {clh }jbnchck ocl gzhc }jlhz~zucl bcoclh
tja f~hclki klk djlgcok tc~kicl }jlhicgk zltzi octclh zltzi djdnzct ofizdjltcuk
icgkcl,
]j~dcloclhcl {clh ecltki gzhc cltc~c `citf~ nchk }jbcleflh {clh djlhhjdc~icl
ijklocacl cbcd ujdzbc gcok, Icxcucl icgkcl {clh nj~nzikt" nj~aztcl" ocl uzazl{c
~jloca oc~k}coc icxcucl tclca ~jloca djlgcok `citf~ tc~kicl ij}coc }jbcleflh {clh
hjdc~icl ijklocacl cbcd ujdzbc gcok ucdcoc oc~k}coc ocbcd ctcz}zl ocbcd ljhc~c,
@citf~ ujgc~ca ok icxcucl tj~ujnzt gzhc djl{zdnclh ij}coc tc~kicl }jbcleflh ok
icxcucl bcoclh tja, Icxcucl tj~ujnzt dj~z}cicl cltc~c icxcucl bcbzcl ojcta dc~ea
ctcz}zl icxco dczt fbja tjltj~c Czut~cbkc ocl f~clh tjd}ctcl, Djdf~kcb zltzi
dj~jic {clh tj~if~ncl coc okujokcicl zltzi djd}j~klhctk ujgc~ca }cakt ktz, Cabk
ijbzc~hc oc~k}coc tjltj~c$tjltj~c Czut~cbkc djlhcocicl cec~c tcazlcl zltzi
djd}j~klhctk ijgcokcl ktz, Gzhc" }jbcleflh gzhc nj~dklct zltzi djloc}cticl
}jlej~ktccl ujgc~ca oc~k icxcucl icgkcl,
]jlozozi tjd}ctcl gzhc djlhcdnkb klkukctk` zltzi djloc}cticl ij~gcucdc oc~k}coc
chjluk }jbcleflhcl zltzi
djd}~fdfukicl icxcucl klk
ujnchck cltc~c bficuk }kbkacl
}jbcleflhcl ok Ucnca,
Ij~gcucdc klk gzhc djxzgzoicl
ncl{ci ijdzocacl oknklc ok
icxcucl icgkcl uj}j~tk
}jlhklc}cl" }jdcloz
}jbcleflh" }jlhclhiztcl oclncl{ci bchk,
_j~oc}ct ujhjbkltk~ }jbcleflh
{clh octclh ij icxcucl icgkcl
ujdctc$dctc zltzi dj~cuc akoclhcl ok ~jutf~cl {clh coc ok icxcucl icgkcl,
^cgca 33,> 7 ^zdca tzd}clhcl
7/23/2019 Kajian Pengaruh Aktiviti Ekonomi di Ladang Teh Sabah Terhadap Alam Sekitar dan Manusia - Leslie Michael Chang
27/39
>8
Akoclhcll{c djlhhzlcicl oczl tja ujnchck }j~cuc ij}coc dcucicll{c {clh
djlgcok tc~kicl }jbcleflh, Dklzdcl tja {clh okakoclhicl ocbcd }jbnchck }j~cuc ocl
ij}jbnchckcl gzhc djlgcok tc~kicl nchk }jlhhjdc~ tja,
Ncl{ci ijdzocacl {clh tjbca okujokcicl nchk djdjlzak ij}j~bzcl }jlhzlgzlh,
Djbcbzk ufcb ujbkoki" cltc~c ijdzocacl {clh okujokcicl kcbca ~zdca tzd}clhcl"
tjbj`fl cxcd" gcbcl ~c{c" ibklki" }zuct kl`f~dcuk ocl ~jutf~cl, ^ju}flojl ~ctc$~ctc
nj~ujtzgz ncacxc ijdzocacl ok icxcucl icgkcl cocbca djdjlzak ij}j~bzcl
}jbcleflh ocl }jij~gc, ^ctc$~ctc ~ju}flojl gzhc nj~}zcu actk ojlhcl ijdzocacl
{clh okujokcicl lcdzl tj~oc}ct ujhjbkltk~ {clh iz~clh nj~}zcu actk, Klk djlzlgziicl
ijdzocacl$ijdzocacl {clh okujokcicl cdctbca djdncltz ocbcd djlc~ki dklct
}jbcleflh zltzi djlhzlgzlh ij icxcucl icgkcl,
33,3,5 Aznzlhickt ijhkctcl jiflfdk ojlhcl citkpktk }jbcleflhcl
Citkpktk }jbcleflhcl dj~z}cicl uctz ijhkctcl jiflfdk {clh cdct djlhzltzlhicl,
Ujec~c }z~ctc" bjnka iz~clh :=== 3==== }jbcleflh {clh octclh ij icxcucl icgkcl
ujtkc} nzbcl,
Ujec~c icuc~l{c" }jbcleflh Czut~cbkc dj~z}cicl }jbcleflh {clh }cbklh ij~c}
nj~izlgzlh ij icxcucl icgkcl, Okkiztk ojlhcl }jbcleflh oc~k ljx wjcbclo, Fbja ktz"
ijhkctcl jiflfdk cocbca cdct djlhzltzlhicl ocl ncl{ci djdncltz jiflfdk
tjd}ctcl, Ok icxcucl icgkcl" ijzltzlhcl oc~k}coc ujitf~ }jbcleflhcl cocbca bjnka
djlhzltzlhicl gkic okncloklhicl ojlhcl ujitf~ }j~tclkcl,
Bcoclh _ja Ucnca dj~z}cicl icxcucl {clh uzlhhza tj~ijlcb ok icbclhcl }jbcleflh,
Fbja ktz" tj~oc}ct citkpktk }jbcleflhcl {clh nj~tzdnza ok ujiktc~ icxcucl icgkcl,
]jbcleflh cocbca ejloj~zlh zltzi djbcxct icxcucl }jbcleflh {clh ojict ojlhcl
icxcucl bcoclh tja, Efltfal{c" }jdnziccl U}c Kicl ok ih Bzcltk cocbca ok}jlhc~zakfbja }jdnziccl bcoclh tja
7/23/2019 Kajian Pengaruh Aktiviti Ekonomi di Ladang Teh Sabah Terhadap Alam Sekitar dan Manusia - Leslie Michael Chang
28/39
>1
^ju}flojl djdnj~k ~ju}fl ocbcd ufcb ujbkoki ncacxc cltc~c ujncn }jbcleflh octclh
ij icxcucl bcoclh tja kcbca ij~clc uzazl{c {clh nj~acxc ujgzi" tclcdcl {clh
okzucacicl cocbca djlc~ki" zltzi djlhicgk ocl djd}jbcgc~k ec~c }jlclcdcl tja ocl
ij~clc }jdcloclhcl {clh ecltki ocl ijdzocacl {clh okujokcicl,
Cltc~c gjlku$gjlku }jij~gccl ucd}klhcl {clh xzgzo ujbj}cu }jdnziccl bcoclh tja
kcbca }jlkchc" }jdcloz }jbcleflh" }jtclk" }jdnf~flh ocl }jlhzucac ~jutf~cl, Fbja
ktz" ncl{ci bchk ujitf~ bckl {clh xzgzo ciknct oc~k}coc }jdnziccl bcoclh tja klk, Kcl{c
eziz} djlhzltzlhicl ujicbkhzu djdncltz }j~ijdnclhcl jiflfdk dcu{c~cict
ujtjd}ct,
Ij~clc lkbck ifdj~ukb bcoclh tja klk tklhhk" fbja ktz tj~oc}ct njnj~c}c zucac }jlhzucac
zltzi djd}~fdfukicl icxcucl klk ujnchck icxcucl }jbcleflhcl, Cltc~cl{c djdnj~k
}~fozi ujec~c }j~ezdc ij}coc }jlhzlgzlh" djdnj~k okuiczl }~fozi ocl gzhc
}j~iakodctcl ok icxcucl icgkcl" }jlhkibclcl ocl gzhc djl{jokcicl ijdzocacl
cxcd, Fbja ktz" ijujd}ctcl$ijujd}ctcl bckl okcdnkb zltzi djlhjdnclhicl bchk
}ftjluk jif}jbcleflhcl ok icxcucl icgkcl,
7/23/2019 Kajian Pengaruh Aktiviti Ekonomi di Ladang Teh Sabah Terhadap Alam Sekitar dan Manusia - Leslie Michael Chang
29/39
>;
33,3,? Ijucl ijhkctcl jiflfdk tj~acoc} cbcd ujiktc~ `kwkicb ocl dclzukc,
c, @kwkicb
]jdnziccl bcoclh tja ucnca klk ujnchck icxcucl ch~kizbtz~ djdncxc ij}coc
njnj~c}c ijucl, Cltc~cl{c kcbca acikucl tclca {clh nj~bciz ok ujiktc~ bj~jlh$bj~jlh
nzikt, Acikucl cocbca nj~}zlec oc~k}coc }jljnclhcl }fifi ujec~c njuc~$njuc~cl, Klk
djl{jncnicl cbk~cl ck~ djlhaciku }j~dziccl tclca, _clca djlgcok bjdnzt ijtkic
azgcl ocl ejlhicdcl tclca gzhc tkoci iziza ij~clc tkoci coc cic~$cic~ }fifi {clh
njuc~ {clh djlcacl, Klk cicl djl{jncnicl hjbflhuf~ tclca ocl gzhc tclca ~zltza,
^cgca 33,5 7 Acikucl tclca
Ujbckl oc~k}coc ktz" izcbktk tclca gzhc ujdcikl nj~iz~clhcl, _j~oc}ct njnj~c}c
icxcucl bcoclh {clh hj~uclh ocl tkoci nj~tzdnzacl, Klk ij~clc }jlclcdcl tja
cocbca uzoca tkoci ujuzck ok tclca tj~ujnzt ij~clc lzt~kjl {clh tj~iclozlh ok ocbcd
7/23/2019 Kajian Pengaruh Aktiviti Ekonomi di Ladang Teh Sabah Terhadap Alam Sekitar dan Manusia - Leslie Michael Chang
30/39
5=
tclca nj~iz~clhcl ocl tclca nj~znca djlgcok ij~cu, Fbja ktz icxcucl tj~ujnzt
oknkc~icl ocl }~fuju acikucl nj~bciz ojlhcl bjnka ij~c},
Lcdzl" ncl{ci zucac gzhc {clh okcdnkb zltzi djlhjicbicl cbcd ujdzbc gcok ok
icxcucl klk, Efltfal{c gcbcl ~c{c {clh okujokcicl cocbca tkoci nj~tz~c} ij~clc klhkl
djlhjbci oc~k}coc icxcucl icgkcl tj~ejdc~, Ujbckl oc~k ktz" ~cezl uj~clhhc tkoci
okhzlcicl zltzi djlhjicbicl ek~k$ek~k cbcd ujdzbc gcok ok icxcucl ktz, ]jlejdc~cl ck~
tkoci nj~bciz ok icxcucl tj~ujnzt, Aztcl okujijbkbklh tclcdcl tja gzhc ok}jbkac~c zltzi
okgcokicl ujnchck }jbklozlh ij}coc tja ocl gzhc citkpktk }jbcleflhcl,
Ijej~zlcl tkoci djdnj~k kd}ci ij}coc }jlclcdcl tja, Acl{c ijtklhhkcl ok icxcucl
nj~nzikt djdnj~k uzaz {clh ujuzck ij}coc }jlclcdcl tja, Zloclh$zloclh tjbca
djljtc}icl ijej~zlcl nzikt }j~tclkcl cocbca iz~clh oc~k}coc 5=, Fbja ktz"
ijej~zlcl nzikt ok icxcucl icgkcl cocbca ujbcdct zltzi }jlclcdcl tja,
n, Dclzukc
]jdnziccl bcoclh tja gzhc djdnj~k dcl`cct ij}coc ~cdck }jlozozi tjd}ctcl,
]jbzclh }jij~gccl {clh okujokcicl cocbca eziz} bzdc{cl ij~clc dj~jic
djdjltklhicl izcbktk ij~gc nzicll{c tcac} }jlokokicl, Klk cocbca ujuzck ij}coc
dcu{c~cict icd}zlh {clh nj~}jlokokicl ~jloca lcdzl dcuka djloc}ct }zbclhcl
hcgk {clh bzdc{cl,
]j~tclkcl ocl }j~bcleflhcl ncl{ci djdncxc ijzltzlhcl ij}coc dcu{c~cict, Bjnka$
bjnka bchk c}cnkbc bjnka ncl{ci }jlhzlgzlh oc~k}coc bzc~ ljhc~c {clh djdncxc dcuzi
dctcxclh dj~jic ij ljhc~c klk, Izcbktk tja ok icxcucl icgkcl gzhc djlgcok uclhct
ifdj~ukb ocl djlhzltzlhicl ij}coc }jlhzucac zltzi gclhic dcuc {clh }clgclh,
]jlozozi ok icxcucl klk gzhc oc}ct djloc}ct }jij~gccl ucd}klhcl ojlhcl
djxzgzoicl }j~lkchccl ocl }j~iakodctcl ucd}klhcl uj}j~tk Ih, Bzcltk {clh
djl{jokcicl u}c kicl" }jlgzcbcl i~c`$i~c` tclhcl oc~k}coc }jlozozi tjd}ctcl ocl
gzhc ~jutf~cl {clh djlgcok tc~kicl zdzd ok icxcucl icgkcl,
7/23/2019 Kajian Pengaruh Aktiviti Ekonomi di Ladang Teh Sabah Terhadap Alam Sekitar dan Manusia - Leslie Michael Chang
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53
Lcdzl" }jbzclh }jij~gccl {clh oktcxc~icl ok ujitf~ }j~tclkcl djdnj~k ujokikt ijucl
ljhctk` ij}coc }jlozozi tjd}ctcl, Klk ij~clc izftc }jij~gccl zltzi }jij~gc cuklh
oc~k}coc klofljukc oknj~k ujncd{ci ?= * dclcicbc ujbjnkal{c zltzi }jlozozi
tjd}ctcl, Gzdbca klk acd}k~ djl{cdcicl gzdbca }jij~gc }jlozozi tjd}ctcl,
Dcu{c~cict ujtjd}ct {clh nj~ijdcak~cl tkoci oknj~k }jbzclh ocl dcucbca
}jlhclhhz~cl dcuka nj~bciz
33,3,: Djlhjlcb}cutk bclhica djlhctcuk dcucbca cbcd ujiktc~ ocl
dclzukc
]jlejdc~cl
Icxcucl icgkcl klk ncl{ci djlhcbcdk }j~zncacl ujgci ujnjbzd kcl{c oknclhzlicl
djlgcok uctz icxcucl ijhkctcl jiflfdk, Lcdzl }j~zncacl {clh okncxc gzhc
djdnj~k kd}ci ij}coc cbcd ujiktc~ {clh }cbklh ijtc~c ujicbk kcbca dcucbca acikucl
ocl }jlhz~zucl tclca {clh tkoci j`ku{jl, Gkic klk tkoci oknjlozlh ojlhcl ujhj~c"
ncl{ci bchk dcucbca$dcucbca bckl {clh cicl dzlezb efltfal{c ujec~c `kwkicbl{c"
tj~gcokl{c tclca ~zltza" }f}zbcuk akoz}cl cizctki nj~iz~clhcl" ocl uzlhck djlgcok
ujdcikl ejtji ij~clc djloc}cl tclca {clh dcuzi ij ocbcd uzlhck, Ijucl acikucl
ij}coc dclzukc }zbc okdclc njicbcl ck~ nj~uka tj~gjgcu ij~clc okiftf~k ck~" citkpktk
~ji~jcuk ocl }jbcleflhcl cicl tj~hclhhz gkic dcucbca djlgcok ujdcikl uj~kzu,
]jdnclhzlcl bjutc~k cocbca }jltklh ok j~c klk ij~clc dclzukc bjic ojlhcl kuz$kuz
cbcd ujiktc~, _j~oc}ct njnj~c}c }jl{jbjuckcl {clh dzlhikl nfbja okgcokicl
}jl{jbjuckcl ij}coc dcucbca klk,
Ij~gc$ij~gc djdnclhzlicl tclca nj~ej~zl zltzi }j~tclkcl nfbja okncachkicl ij}coc
tkhc }j~klhict, ]j~klhict }j~tcdc kcbca djlhjlck }jdnziccl icxcucl" }j~klhict
ijozc kcbca djlhjlck }jdnklccl ut~zitz~ }jdzbkac~ccl tclca ocl {clh ijtkhc kcbca
djlhjlck cdcbcl ch~flfdk {clh ujuzck zltzi djlhcxcb acikucl,
7/23/2019 Kajian Pengaruh Aktiviti Ekonomi di Ladang Teh Sabah Terhadap Alam Sekitar dan Manusia - Leslie Michael Chang
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c, ]jdnziccl Icxcucl
Ij~gc$ij~gc }jdnziccl tclca djbkncticl ij~gc djljnclh }fifi" djdftflh ic{z"
djlecnzt tzlhhzb" djbflhhfi ic{z" djdncic~ ic{z ocl djdnj~ukaicl icxcucl,
Ujdcuc djlgcbclicl citkpktk klk njnj~c}c }j~ctz~cl ok ncxca ajlocibca ok}ctza7
3, Nchk icxcucl {clh bzcu" ij~gc }jdnziccl tclca ajlocibca okgcozcbicl
nj~}j~klhict$}j~klhict nchk djlhjbciicl }jlojocacl tclca tj~bcbz bcdc
ij}coc }~fuju acikucl,
>, ]jdnziccl tclca bjnka ujuzck okbcizicl }coc dzukd ij~klh,
5, ]jdncic~cl ukuc ic{z acl{c okbcizicl c}cnkbc }j~bz ucacgc, Ukuc ic{z {clh
okbflhhfi ctcz oknc~ku djdncltz djlcacl acikucl,
?, ]fifi$}fifi cucb ok tj}k uzlhck ajlocibca oknkc~icl nchk djlcacl tjnklh
oc~k}coc tj~aciku,
:, Gkic }jlclcdcl tja tkoci djdj~bzicl tzlhhzb ic{z zltzi okecnzt" nkc~icl
tzlhhzb ic{z djlejlhicd tclca zltzi iz~clhicl acikucl tclca,
n, Djdnklc Ut~zitz~ ]jdzbkac~ccl _clca
Ut~zitz~$ut~zitz~ }jdzbkac~ccl tclca nfbja djlhcxcb acikucl ojlhcl nj~ijucl,
Ukutjd }j~}c~ktcl ocl ut~zitz~ {clh oknklc oc}ct djl{cbk~icl ck~ ojlhcl ujbcdct,
Ijncl{cicl ut~zitz~ oknklc ojlhcl djlhhcbk tclca ocl djlhhzlcicl ncacl cubk {clh
dzoca okoc}ctk uj}j~tk tclca" nctz ocl ic{z, Ut~zitz~$ut~zitz~ {clh okujlc~ckicl ok
ncxca cocbca ujuzck oknklc ocbcd bcoclh$bcoclh }j~tclkcl,
3, ]c~kt ocl bcbzcl ck~ nchk djl{cbk~ ck~ azgcl {clh nj~bjnkacl, Okloklh }c~kt
ajlocibca oktclcd ojlhcl ~zd}zt,
>, ]j~clhic} ijbfoci,
5, ]jltcu zltzi tc}ci }fifi ctcz tclcdcl,
?, _j~ju$tj~ju nchk djl{jict bc~kcl ck~,
:, Jd}clhcl ijekb nchk djlcd}cl aco bcgz ck~ }c~kt,
0, ]jdnjltzlhcl ok ncxca gcbcl,
7/23/2019 Kajian Pengaruh Aktiviti Ekonomi di Ladang Teh Sabah Terhadap Alam Sekitar dan Manusia - Leslie Michael Chang
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Ijucl ij}coc dclzukc
]jbzclh }jij~gccl {clh okujokcicl djdnj~k ijbjnkacl ij}coc }jij~gc cuklh oc~k}coc
klofljukc, Klk ij~clc tjlchc nz~za ok Klofljukc cocbca nj~izcbktk ocl tj~bctka,
Djdcloclhicl }jlhzucac bcoclh tja bjnka djdjltklhicl izcbktk ij~gc" fbja ktz"
cocbca bjnka ncki gkic ujnzca iz~uzu oktznzaicl zltzi djdnj~k bctkacl klujltk` ij}coc
}jlhclhhz~$}jlhclhhz~ tjd}ctcl, Ojlhcl bctkacl ocl iz~uzu klk cicl djlcdnca
nkbclhcl }jij~gc tjd}ctcl {clh nj~ijdcak~cl ocl ujnckil{c djlhajltkicl
}jlhcdnkbcl tjlchc nz~za oc~k ljhc~c gk~cl,
]jlhzucac ocl }kaci ij~cgccl gzhc nfbja djlhjdnclhicl bchk citkpktk jiflfdk ok
icxcucl bcoclh tja uj}j~tk }j~lkchccl ocl }j~iakodctcl ok icxcucl {clh
nj~acd}k~cl, Klk uj~tc dj~tc djlcdnca }jbzclh }jij~gccl ij}coc }jlozozi
tjd}ctcl,
33,> Ecoclhcl
Icgkcl klk dcuka njbzd eziz} ujd}z~lc zltzi djlgcxcn fngjitk`$fngjitk` {clh
okztc~cicl ojlhcl bjnka tj~}j~klek, Klk ij~clc ncl{ci acbclhcl$acbclhcl {clh oktkd}c
ujdcuc icgkcl klk okgcbclicl, Efltfal{c" ocbcd }jdj~actkcl icdk dcuka tkoci
djleciz}k icxcucl ijujbz~zacl bcoclh tj~ujnzt, Ujbckl oc~k}coc ktz" nf~ch ufcb
ujbkoki gzhc tkoci okgcxc} uj}jlzal{c ocl acl{c ujncachkcl {clh okhzlcicl ocbcd
bc}f~cl icgkcl klk ij~clc ncl{ci nf~clh {clh ~fuci, Ocbcd tjdznzcb }zbc" ~ju}flojl
tkoci djlej~ktcicl uj}jlzal{c djlhjlck icxcucl icgkcl ij~clc tj~oc}ct uk`ct nj~ct
ujnjbca,
Fbja ktz" nchk djloc}cticl acukb {clh bjnka ncki ocl bjlhic} }coc dcuc acoc}cl"
}jl{jbkoki ac~zubca djl{jokcicl fngjitk` icgkcl {clh djdjlzak ij}j~bzcl ujdcuc
zltzi djd}j~nckik icgkcl klk, nj~kizt cocbca ecoclhcl tcgzi {clh klhkl okztc~ciclij}coc }jl{jbkoki7
3, ijucl }j~tclkcl ij}coc cbcd ujiktc~ ocl dclzukc,
>, ]jlhc~za citkpktk }jbcleflhcl tj~acoc}c} cbcd ujiktc~ ocl dclzukc
5, ]jlhc~za dclzukc ocl njltzi dzic nzdk tj~acoc} ijhkctcl jiflfdk,
7/23/2019 Kajian Pengaruh Aktiviti Ekonomi di Ladang Teh Sabah Terhadap Alam Sekitar dan Manusia - Leslie Michael Chang
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3>,= Ijukd}zbcl
Icxcucl Bcoclh _ja Ucnca djd}zl{ck }ftjluk zltzi okijdnclhicl djlgcok ujnzca
}j~zucaccl jiflfdk {clh djdnj~k dcl`cct ij}coc dclzukc, Citkpktk }j~tclkcl cocbca
uclhct ujuzck ok kibkd ujoj~aclc ocl ok icxcucl {clh tklhhk, Lcdzl }ftjlukl{c
oknctcuicl zltzi djl`fizuicl ij}coc }jlclcdcl tja ucacgc, Icxcucl tj~ujnzt
djd}zl{ck }ftjluk zltzi }jlclcdcl uc{z~cl ocl gzhc nzlhc$nzlhccl zltzi tzgzcl
ifdj~ukb,
Icbcz okbkact ujec~c icuc~" citkpktk }jbcleflhcl djdncxc bjnka ncl{c ijzltzlhcl
oc~k}coc }j~tclkcl, Klk okujncnicl tc~kicl$tc~kicl {clh ujokc coc ok icxcucl tj~ujnzt
djlc~ki dklct }jbcleflh tjd}ctcl ocl gzhc bzc~ ljhc~c, _koci ack~clbca
}jdnclhzlcl jif}jbcleflhcl ok icxcucl icgkcl cocbca ncki ncl{ci ijdzocacl
ncl{ci okujokcicl, @citf~ ujgc~ca ok icxcucl ktz gzhc djlc~ki }jlhzlgzlh zltzi
djlhkdncz ijlclhcl }cakt tjltj~c czut~cbkc ocl f~clh tjd}ctcl {clh tj~if~ncl ocbcd
ojcta dc~ea ujdcuc }jdj~kltcacl Gj}zl, Fbja ktz" ncl{ci ek~k$ek~k icxcucl klk {clh
nj~}ftjluk zltzi okijdnclhicl bchk,
]j~tclkcl cocbca ujuzctz {clh djlhzltzlhicl, Njhktz gzhc ojlhcl citkpktk
}jbcleflhcl, Ncl{ci }jbzclh }jij~gccl ucd}klhcl {clh dzlezb ujbj}cu ijdzlezbcl
citkpktk }j~tclkcl, Citkpktk }jbcleflhcl gzhc oknclhzlicl ujbj}cu citkpktk }j~tclkcl
nj~ijdnclh dcgz, Fbja ktzd }j~tclkcl djxzgzoicl }jbzclh$}jbzclh ij}coc ujitf~
jiflfdk {clh bckl zltzi nj~tc}ci ok icxcucl icgkcl, Citkpktk }jbcleflhcl gzhc ncl{ci
djdncxc ijzltzlhcl ij}coc }jlhzucac$}jlhzucac }jbcleflh {clh bckl uj}j~tk `fft
u}c ok Ih, Bzcltk, ^jutf~cl {clh tj~oc}ct ok icxcucl icgkcl gzhc djlhczt ijzltzlhcl
{clh ncl{ci bjnka$bjnka ~ctc$~ctc :=== 3==== }jlhzlgzlh {clh octclh ij Bcoclh
_ja Ucnca, I~c` tclhcl oc~k}coc }jlozozi tjd}ctcl gzhc oknzic }jbzclh zltzi
okifdj~ukbicl ok icxcucl Bcoclh _ja Ucnca,
Ncl{ci dcucbca {clh tkdnzb ciknct oc~k}coc }jdnclhzlcl ujujnzca icxcucl, Ijucl
{clh oktklhhcbicl cocbca nj~njltzi }fuktk` ocl ljhctk`, Lcdzl gkic tkcoc }j~cleclhcl
ocl }jlhz~zucl cbcd ujiktc~ {clh ncki cicl djl{zdnclh ij c~ca ijucl nz~zi ij
ctcu cbcd ujiktc~ ocl gzhc ij}coc dclzukc, Fbja ktz }jdnclhzlcl bjutc~k cocbca cdct
7/23/2019 Kajian Pengaruh Aktiviti Ekonomi di Ladang Teh Sabah Terhadap Alam Sekitar dan Manusia - Leslie Michael Chang
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}jltklh zltzi oktktkinj~cticl bjnka$bjnka bchk c}cnkbc icxcucl {clh oknclhzlicl cocbca
nj~uicbc njuc~, Ijucll{c nzicl ucacgc ij}coc cbcd `kwkicb tjtc}k gzhc ij}coc
dclzukc, Ijdcuzicl xc~hc cuklh nfbja djlgcokicl }fbc kltj~ciuk ok cltc~c }jlozozi
nj~znca, Fbja ktz" uctz icxcbcl }j~bz okgcbclicl zltzi djdcltcz xc~hc cuklh {clh
ikcl nj~tcdnca ok ljhc~c klk, ]jlhzucac gzhc tkoci nfbja djd}j~bjijaicl tjlchc
nz~za xc~hc tjd}ctcl, ]jlhzucac }j~bzbca djlhcdnkb klkukctk` zltzi djlhcdnkb
}jij~gc tjd}ctcl tkoci ncl{ci dcucbca {clh dzlezb ok icxcucl ujijbkbklh,
Ciak~ ujicbk" }kaci }jlhz~zucl ac~zubca djlec~k klkukctk` zltzi djlhjdnclhicl
}ftjluk bcoclh tja ucnca zltzi ijnckicl }jlozozi tjd}ctcl ocl gzhc ij}coc }kaci
tj~tjltz ij~clc ncl{ci ijzltzlhcl {clh nfbja okiczt gkic bjnka ncl{ci citkpktk {clh
okxzgzoicl ok icxcucl icgkcl, ]coc dcuc {clh ucdc }jlhzucac gzhc ac~zu ujluktk`
ojlhcl kuz cbcd ujiktc~, Uctz }j~cleclhcl ocl }jlhz~zucl {clh ncki ac~zubca okcdnkb
zltzi djdklkdc ijucl nz~zi ijhkctcl jiflfdk ij}coc cbcd ujiktc~,
7/23/2019 Kajian Pengaruh Aktiviti Ekonomi di Ladang Teh Sabah Terhadap Alam Sekitar dan Manusia - Leslie Michael Chang
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^ZGZICL
^zgzicl Nziz ocl gz~lcb
Cw~klk Nkltk Dfao Ciak~" !>==8+, _cnz~cl Utctkutki ijtknccl ijloj~ccl ok }j~ukd}clhcl
nj~bcd}z ku{c~ct ocl ijucl }j~ukd}clhcl ok azbz, Zlkpj~uktk _jilfbfhk Dcbc{ukc, _juku,
Cbxk Kn~cakd" >=33, Utctkutki _j~iklk ]~fh~cd 0] ocl Dcibzdcl Ij~cgcccl Ljhj~k
Ucnca Djbclgzticl :] ok ? Icxcucl, ]f~tcb Ijdjltj~kcl ocbcd Ljhj~k,
Cw~kb" >==:, Djtfofbfhk Icgkcl, Zlkpj~uktk _jilfbfhk Dcbc{ukc, _juku,
Nffl ]flh [klh" >==;, Hjfh~c`k Dclzukc ocl cbcd ujiktc~, Uaca Cbcd" Fq`f~o,
Iclh Eack [fjlh" Oc~dkloc~ Uklha" !>==8+, Jiujb ocbcd ]D^ Hjfh~c`k, Nclhk 7
]jlj~nktcl ]jbclhk
Ijlh Uz Ujlh" !>==:+, Hjfh~c`k Cbcd Ujiktc~ Dclzukc !Jokuk Ujdcicl+, Uaca Cbcd 7
@cgc~ Ncitk
Lkqfl Ag Cnozb Acnk" !>==;+, Akhabkhat ocl t~clui~k} ~cleclhcl kuzM3, Gcnctcl
]jlj~clhcl Dcbc{ukc,
^zub{ Dzuc" Aga Lz~cuakikl Cnozbbca" !>==;+, _jiu ]~c$Z U_]D 7 Hjfh~c`k Cbcd
Ujiktc~ @kwkicb, ]zeaflh7 Bflhdcl,
Uz~tcadcl Icutkl Acucl" Cno, Hac`c~ Kudckb" !3;;8+, Cbcd Ujiktc~ 7 ]j~dcucbcacl ocl
]jlhcxcbcl, Izcbc Bzd}z~" OJN,
Xcbtj~ Bkltclhca" Clo{ ^zuujb Dfgkfb" Gzbkzu Ifofa" Dcgaklzu Ufbkdzl" !>=3=+, Cl
cuujudjlt f` t~jj }bcltctkfl cetkpkt{ cdflh udcbbafboj~u kl okut~ket f` ^clcz" Ucnca,
_juku, Zlkpj~uktk Dcbc{ukc Ucnca" Iftc iklcncbz,
[jx ]fk Ijlh" Uzn~cdclkcd ]j~kcucd{" Xc Eakl Fll" _jj Xca ]ff" !>==:+, U_]D
Hjfh~c`k Cbcd @kwkicb Ij~tcu 3 !Jokuk ujdcicl+, Uaca cbcd7 ]jlj~nkt @cgc~ Ncitk,
7/23/2019 Kajian Pengaruh Aktiviti Ekonomi di Ladang Teh Sabah Terhadap Alam Sekitar dan Manusia - Leslie Michael Chang
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VVVVVVV" Lfpjdnj~ 30" >=3=, ^clcz acoc}k clecdcl }jlejdc~cl uzlhck, Ztzucl
Dcbc{ukc,
VVVVVVV" Okujdnj~ 3" >==;, Bcbzcl Iftc Iklcncbz ^clcz tj~}ztzu ujdjltc~c ciknct
tclca ~zltza, Nj~lcdc,
^zgzicl Kltj~ljt
Xkik}jokc" VVVVVVVV, ^clcz, okciuju }coc3 Fitfnj~ >=33, ,
att}7&&jl,xkik}jokc,f~h&xkik&^clcz "
Xkik}jokc"VVVV, Ecdj~fl Akhabclo, Okciuju }coc 3 fitfnj~ >=33 oc~k}coc
att}7jl,xkik}jokc,f~hxkikEcdj~flVAkhabclou
Klpjut kl }caclh"VVVVVV, _clca _klhhk, Okciuju }coc > Fitfnj~ >=33 oc~k}coc
att}7xxx,klpjutkl}caclh,hfp,d{klojq,}a}6ea4ndVxa{}caclh&}h4ndVtaklhutfof&
ce40
_jc ^jujc~ea Cuufekctkfl" VVVVVV, Ebkdctj clo ufkb, Okciuju }coc > Fitfnj~ >=33
oc~k}coc att}7xxx,tfeibck,ljtEzbtkpctkflklojq,cu}q
]zucic ^kdnc Dcbc{c" VVVVV, Aztcl azgcl, Okciuju }coc > Fitfnj~ >=33 oc~k}coc
att}7aztclazgcl,efdiactzbkutkxc$t~f}kic$aztcl$kibkd$uzaz$azgcl$clhkl
Clo~jx Eaff" VVVVVVVV, Lftc Hjfh~c`k ]D^, Oc~k}coc
att}7xxx,clo~jxeaff,joz,d{x}$efltjltz}bfcou>=3==?]D^$HJFH^C@K$LF_C$
_3$>$5,}o`, Okciuju }coc Fitfnj~ ;" >=33,
VVVVVVVV" Bclhica$bclhica cucu ocbcd djdnzct }jl{jbkokicl ufukfbfhk, Z^B7
tzcldct,t~k}ft,efd}jl{jbkokicl,atdb, Okciuju }coc fitfnj~ ;" >=33,
]jgcnct Ocj~ca ^clcz" >==;, Ujgc~ca ^clcz, Z^B7
xxx,ucnca,ljt,d{}luVib}o,~lzujgc~ca,atdb, Okciuju }coc Fitfnj~ 8" >=33
7/23/2019 Kajian Pengaruh Aktiviti Ekonomi di Ladang Teh Sabah Terhadap Alam Sekitar dan Manusia - Leslie Michael Chang
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Gcnctcl ]jlhck~cl ocl ucbk~cl, Ljhj~k Ucnca" F~hclkucuk, Z^B
xxx,oko,ucnca,hfp,d{nd~clcz,cu}, Okciuju }coc Fitfnj~ 1" >=33,
^cdwca ^cdnzb" !>==;+, ]jdclcucl Hbfncb gjgcu uzaz tclca tklhhk izlocuclh, Z^B
att}7ihukbfz,nbfhu}ft,efd>==;=5}jdclcucl$hbfncb$gjgcu$uzaz$tclca,atdb , Okciuju
}coc Fitfnj~ ;" >=33,
7/23/2019 Kajian Pengaruh Aktiviti Ekonomi di Ladang Teh Sabah Terhadap Alam Sekitar dan Manusia - Leslie Michael Chang
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BCD]K^CL
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