8/17/2019 Kitar Hidrologi Lembaran Kerja
1/12
NAMA:
Kitar hidrologi
1. Jelaskan berkenaan kitar hidrologi?
Kitar hidrologi
2. Apakah yang dinamakan sebagai proses kitaran hidrologi secara menegak
dan mendatar? Dan Senaraikan prosesproses !tama dalam kitar hidrologi?
"roses
menegak
"roses
mendatar
#ambara$ah proses kitar hidrologi
"rosesproses yang terlibat dalam kitaran hidrologi
1. Apakah yang dimaks!dkan dengan se$atan? %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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2. Jelaskan bagaimanakah proses se$atan boleh berlak!? %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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&ikg! ab!'( sedar
8/17/2019 Kitar Hidrologi Lembaran Kerja
2/12
NAMA:
). Jelaskan *aktor2 yang mempengar!hi se$atan ?
*aktor h!raian +enaga haba
yang menc!k!pi
Kel!asan
perm!kaan air
S!h! !dara
,aktor angin
(. Jelaskan apakah yang dimaks!dkan dengan se$at pel!han? %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% -. agaimanakah proses se$at pel!han berlak!?
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% /. Jelaskan *actor yang mempengar!hi se$atpel!han?
S!h! yang tinggi
Kelembapan!dara
Sai0 da!n
rientasi da!n
. Jelaskan apakah yang dimaks!dkan dengan pemel!3apan? %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% '. Jelaskan bagaimana proses pemel!3apan berlak! dalam kitar hidrologi?
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4. Jelaskan *aktor yang mempengar!hi proses pemel!a3apan?
&ikg! ab!'( sedar
8/17/2019 Kitar Hidrologi Lembaran Kerja
3/12
NAMA:
Kehadiran
n!cle!s
pemel!apan
Kand!ngan 3apair yang
menc!k!pi
"enye$!kan
!dara diba3ah
takat emb!n
"embebasan
haba pendam
15.Apakah yang dimaks!dkan dengan kerpasan? %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% 11.$elaskan *aktor keberkesanan kerpasan di ses!at! tempat?
+empoh masa
h!$an
&iri keamatan
Ked!d!kan
+i!pan angin
mons!n
,enomena la
nina
12.apakah yang dimaks!dkan proses pintasan dalam kitar hidrologi? %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% 1).$elaskan proses pintasan dalam kitar hidrologi?
&ikg! ab!'( sedar
8/17/2019 Kitar Hidrologi Lembaran Kerja
4/12
NAMA:
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1(.tari*kan proses air larian perm!kaan?
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1-.h!raikan *aktor yang mempengar!hi larian air perm!kaan?
Kecerunan
Litupan
tumbuh
tumbuhan
Jumlah hujan
Jenis tanih@
faktor geologi
1/.$elaskan pengar!h t!mb!han terhadap kitaran hidrologi?15m
Prosesperpeluhan
Proses resapan
air
Proses
pintasan
Proses larian
air permukaan
1.$elaskan akti6iti man!sia yang mempengar!hi kitar hidrologi?
&ikg! ab!'( sedar
8/17/2019 Kitar Hidrologi Lembaran Kerja
5/12
NAMA:
Penyahutanan
Proses
pembandaran
Kegiatan
perindustrian
Pembinaan
empangan
Kegiatan
perhutanan
semula
Soalan ulangkaji struktur 1. nyatakan ) *asa air dalam system atmos*era b!mi?
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% 2. terangkan ( kaitan antara tenaga dengan proses per!bahan air?
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% ). apakah yang dimaks!dkan dengan proses mendatar dalam kitar hidrologi?
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(. $elaskan ) akti6iti man!sia yang boleh mempengar!hi proses kitaranhidrologi?
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&ikg! ab!'( sedar
8/17/2019 Kitar Hidrologi Lembaran Kerja
6/12
NAMA:
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EDARA A!R "A!#Konsep air tanih : mer!$!k kepada sem!a air yang berada diba3ah
perm!kaan tanah. Air tanih berp!nca daripada air h!$an yang meresap
melal!i r!ang rongga tanah dan disimpan dalam liang liang pori tanih dan
didalam bat!an yang telap air$% jelaskan &on air tanih
'on tak tepu
'on tepu
(% proses kejadian air ba)ah tanah
7arian air
perm!kaan
8esapan
Aliran air ba3ah
tanah
Simpanan air
tanih
Keporosan dan
ketelapanak!i*er
*% faktor yang mempengaruhi edaran air tanih
J!mlah h!$an
7it!pan t!mb!han
Ketelapan tanih
perm!kaan b!mi
Akti6iti
pembandaran
"enyah!tanan
(. h!raikan kepentingan s!mber air kepada alam sekitar 90ikal dan
man!sia
&ikg! ab!'( sedar
8/17/2019 Kitar Hidrologi Lembaran Kerja
7/12
NAMA:
S!mber air
t!mb!hanS!mber air s!ngai
dan tasikKegiatan
domestik
Akti6iti pertanianAkti6iti ak!k!lt!rekalan air masa
depan!+,A-A A!R
1. Jelaskan konsep imbangan air? jumlah air diterima atmosfera =jumlah air keluar atmosfera-jumlah kerpasan=sejatpeluhan+perubahan air disimpan dalam tanah+larian
air permukaan
P=et+ st+r %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% 2. Apakah yang ada *aham tentang 6ariasi imbangan air mengik!t r!ang dan
masa?- Perbezaan imbangan air yang dilihat mengikut ruang dilihat berdasarkan
kedudukan sesuatu kawasan mengikut garis lintang Perbezaan imbangan air mengikut masa adalah berdasarkan waktu
seperti siang, petang, la-nina,ekuinoks, monsun dan lain-lain.
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). Ja3ab soalan berik!t berdasarkan gambara$ah diba3ah
&ikg! ab!'( sedar
8/17/2019 Kitar Hidrologi Lembaran Kerja
8/12
NAMA:
a Apakah yang
dimaks!dkan
dengan lebihan
air dan k!rangan air? %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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b Dibahagian garislintang mana yang men!n$!kan baha3a lebihan air lebih
ketara? %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
c Jelaskan imbangan air yang berlak! pada garis lintang 15(5 dar$ah
selatan? %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
(. Jelaskan prosesproses yang terlibat dalam menent!kan imbangan air
proses h!raianSe$atan
perm!kaanSe$atpel!han
"emel!apan
8esapan
7arian air
perm!kaan
-. Jelaskan *aktor*aktor yang mempengar!hi 6ariasi imbangan air?
*aktor h!raian
J!mlah h!$an
aspek
&ikg! ab!'( sedar
8/17/2019 Kitar Hidrologi Lembaran Kerja
9/12
NAMA:
ent!k m!ka
b!mi
at!an dan
tanih
+!mb!h
t!mb!han
/. Jelaskan ) kesan imbangan air negati6e $angka pan$ang kepada seseb!ah
Negara ? %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% . ;!raikan 2 kesan lebihan air kepada alam sekitar 90ikal?
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Kaitan system hidrologi dengan man!sia
Kemara! berlaku apabila jumlah air permukaan bumi mengalami prosessejatan dan perpeluhan lebih tinggi berbanding jumlah kerpasan
dalam jangka masa yang panjang
an$ir kadar luahan sungai melebihi kapasiti alur sungai bagi
menamp!ng air apabila menerima $!mlah kerpasan yang tinggi.
an$ir m!siman< mons!n = penerimaan kerpasanyang banyak disebabkan
angin mons!n yang datang secara berm!sim yang akan menyebabkan kadar
luahan sungai melebihi kapasiti alur sungai pada b!lan b!lan tertent!.
an$ir kilat ban$ir yang berlak! akibat c!rahan h!$an yang lebat dalam $angka masa yang singkat dan s!r!t pada masa yang singkat.
1. Se$a!hmanakah kemara! memberi kesan kepada alam sekitar man!sia.
Men$e$askan
sector pertanian
&ikg! ab!'( sedar
8/17/2019 Kitar Hidrologi Lembaran Kerja
10/12
NAMA:
Krisis bekalan
makanan
Men$e$askan
akti6iti ak!k!lt!r
Men$e$askan
ind!stry >ang
berasaskan air
Selain it! $!ga kemara! $!ga memberikesan kepada alam sekitar 90ikal
iait!Kebakaran h!tan
Mem!snahkan
ekosistem tasik
Kelembapan
!dara akan
berk!rangan
2. Apakah yang dimaks!dkan dengan kemerosotan k!aliti s!mber air? %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% ). mer!$!k 1 negara asia tenggara. Jelaskan kepentingan air bagi Negara
berkenaan ?Negara Malaysia
keg!naan Kepentingan kepada negaraS!mber air
domestic
sektor pertanian
Sektor
perind!strian
&ikg! ab!'( sedar
8/17/2019 Kitar Hidrologi Lembaran Kerja
11/12
NAMA:
sektor
pelancongan
(. bagaimanakah ban$ir boleh memberikan kesan terhadap man!sia dan
alam sekitar 90ikal?
kesan kepada man!siakerosakan harta
benda
kematian
ker!gian
penyakit
alam sekitar 90ikalmenggalakan
proses hakisan
dan tanah r!nt!h
mem!snahkan
habitat
pencemaran air
-. $elaskan berkenaan gangg!an imbangan air?#angg!an imbangan air mer!$!k kepada per!bahan simpanan air yang
digambarkan oleh lebihan air @ban$ir dan k!rangan air @kemara! %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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/. $elaskan langkahlangkah penyes!aian man!sia terhadap k!rangan air ?
langkah pengurusancat!an air
langkah
pen$imatan
&ikg! ab!'( sedar
8/17/2019 Kitar Hidrologi Lembaran Kerja
12/12
NAMA:
kempen
meningkatkan
tari* air
mengekalkan
h!tan
langkah kestrukturankitar sem!la air
membina lebih
banyak
empangan
mengg!nakan
s!mber air ba3ah
tanah
lain lainh!$an tir!an
. $elaskan langkahlangkah penyes!aian man!sia terhadap lebihan air?12m
&ikg! ab!'( sedar