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JABATAN PELAJARAN KEDAH DARUL AMAN

LATIH TUBI SAINS PMR KERTAS 2

( SET 2 )

SEKTOR PENGURUSAN AKADEMIK

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Section A Bahagian A

[ 40 markah ] [ 40 markah ]

Answer all questions. Jawab semua soalan.

1 (a) Diagram 1 shows the parts of human ear. Rajah 1 menunjukkan bahagian telinga manusia. X Diagram 1 Rajah 1 (i) On Diagram 1, label parts, A, B and C using the following words: Pada Rajah 1, labelkan bahagian, A, B dan C menggunakan perkataan berikut: [ 3 marks ] [ 3 markah ] (b) State one function of X. Nyatakan satu fungsi X. . ______________________________________________________________ [ 1 mark ] [ 1 markah ]

A:

C:

B:

Auditory nerve Eardrum Ossicles Saraf auditori Gegendang telinga Tulang osikel

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(c) Draw lines to complete the pathway of sound wave into our ear. Lukis garisan untuk melengkapkan laluan gelombang bunyi ke dalam telinga.

[ 2 marks ] [ 2 markah ]

Sound wave Gelombang bunyi

Pinna Cuping telinga

Auditory canal Salur telinga

Eardrum Gegendang telinga

Ossicles Osikel

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2 (a) Diagram 2.1 shows the growth curves of boys and girls based on body weight. Rajah 2.1 menunjukkan lengkok pertumbuhan bagi lelaki dan perempuan berdasarkan kepada berat badan..

Diagram 2.1 Rajah 2.1 ( i ) On Diagram 2, label X and Y. Pada Rajah 2, labelkan X dan Y. [ 2 marks ] [ 2 markah ] ( ii ) At which stage is the rate of growth rapid? Pada peringkat yang manakah kadar pertumbuhan paling pesat? ........................................................................................................... [ 1 mark ] [ 1 markah ]

X:

Y:

A B C

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( iii ) Explain your answer in (a)(ii). Jelaskan jawapan anda di (a)(ii). ........................................................................................................ ......................................................................................................... [ 1 mark ] [ 1 markah ] ( iv ) Besides body weight, state another physical characteristic used to measure the rate of human growth. Selain daripada berat badan, nyatakan ciri fizikal lain yang digunakan untuk mengukur kadar pertumbuhan manusia. ........................................................................................................

[ 1 mark ] [ 1 markah ]

(b) Observe Diagram 2.2 below. Perhatikan Rajah 2.2 di bawah.

Diagram 2.2/ Rajah 2.2

State the causes for the disease above. Nyatakan punca bagi penyakit di atas.. ................................................................................................................

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[ 1 mark ] [ 1 markah ] 3 Diagram 3 shows a substance P which is burning in a gas jar contains lime water. Rajah 3 menunjukkan bahan P dibakar di dalam balang gas berisi air kapur.

Diagram 3 / Rajah 3

(a) (i) After a few minutes, colourless liquid droplets are formed at the wall of the gas jar. How to test the liquid droplets? Selepas beberapa minit, titisan cecair tidak berwarna terbentuk pada dinding balang gas. Bagaimanakah untuk menguji titisan cecair tidak berwarna tersebut? ………………………………………………………………………… [ 1 mark ] [ 1 markah ] (ii) What is the liquid in (a)(i) ? Apakah cecair dalam (a)(i) ? ………………………………………………………………………….. [ 1 mark ] [ 1 markah ]

Cover

Burning spoon

Air

Substance P

Lime water

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(b ) (i) What happen to the lime water in the gas jar? Apakah yang berlaku kepada air kapur dalam balang gas? ……………………………………………………………………… [ 1 mark ] [ 1 markah ]

(ii) Explain your answer in b ( i ). Terangkan jawapan anda di b ( i ). ………………………………………………………………………… [ 1 mark ] [ 1 markah ]

(c) State the factors needed for combustion which is shown by Diagram 3.1. Nyatakan faktor-faktor yang diperlukan untuk pembakaran seperti yang ditunjukkan di Rajah 3.1.

Diagram 3.1 / Rajah 3.1

(i) P : ……………………………….. (ii) Q: ………………………………... (iii) R : ……………………………….

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[ 2 marks ] [ 2 markah ] 4. Diagram 4 shows the structure of the sun. Rajah menunjukkan struktur matahari.

Diagram 4 / Rajah 4

(a) On Diagram 4, label one of the structures of the Sun with the following word: Pada Rajah 4, label satu struktur matahari dengan perkataan di bawah:

[ 1 mark ] [ 1 markah ]

(b) Y is the site for the nuclear fission in the Sun. Complete the diagram below to show nuclear fusion that take place at Y using the following words Y adalah tapak belahan nuclear di matahari. Lengkapkan rajah di bawah untuk menunjukkan belahan nuclear yang berlaku pada dengan menggunakan perkataan berikut.

+ +

R

T

S

Y

Chromosphere Corona Photosphere Kromosfera Korona Fotosfera

Heat energy Four hydrogen atom Light energy One helium atom Tenaga haba Empat atom hidrogen Tenaga cahaya Satu atom helium

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[ 4 marks ]

( c ) State one phenomenon that take place at photosphere.

Nyatakan satu fenomena yang berlaku pada fotosfera. ................................................................................................................................

[ 1 mark ]

[ 1 markah ]

5. Diagram 5 shows a suction pump. Rajah 5 menunjukkan satu pelocok.

Diagram 5/ Rajah 5 . (a) What is the function of a suction pump? Apakah fungsi pelocok?

……………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………… [ 1 mark]

[ 1 markah ]

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(b) What happens when the pumps is pressured onto the surface of sink as shown in

Diagram 4? Apakah akan berlaku bila pelocok menekan permukaan sinki seperti ditunjukkan

pada Rajah 4?

……………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………..............

……………………………………………………………………………………

[ 2 marks ] [ 2 markah ]

(c) What makes the suction pump to be attached strongly onto the surface of the sink after the step in (b)?

Apakah yang menyebabkan pelocok melekat dengan kuat pada permukaan sinki selepas langkah dalam (b)?

………………………………………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………………….

[1 mark ] [ 1 markah ]

(d) What happens when the pump is pulled upwards after the step in (c)? Apakah yang akan berlaku bila pelocok ditarik ke atas selepas langkah di (c)?

………………………………………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………………………..

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……………………………………………………………………………………………….

[1 mark ] [ 1 markah ]

(e) Name one other tools in our daily life that uses the concept of air pressure? Namakah satu alatan kegunaan harian yang menggunakan konsep tekanan udara? .................................................................................................................................................

[ 1 mark ] [ 1 markah ]

6. Diagram 6 below shows a simple transformer which is made of two coils of wire wrapped around an iron core. Rakah 6 di bawah menunjukkan satu transformer ringkas diperbuat daripada dua lilitan wayar yang melilit suatu teras besi.

Diagram 6/ Rajah 6 (a) What type of transformer is this? Apakah jenis transformer tersebut? ……………………………………………………………………………………….

[ 1 mark ]

Coil X Gegelung X

Coil Y Gegelung Y

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[ 1 markah ]

(b) What is the purpose of this transformer? Apakah kegunaan transformer jenis ini? ..................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................... .....................................................................................................................

[ 1 mark ] [ 1 markah

(c) What type of current is produced from the transformer? Apakah jenis arus yang dihasilkan dari transformer itu? .......................................................................................................................

[ 1 mark ] [ 1 markah ]

(d) What is the name of coil X? Apakah nama gegelung X? ………………………………………………………………………………………..

[ 1 mark ] [ 1 markah]

(e) What is the name of coil Y? Apakah nama gegelung Y? .......................................................................................................................

[ 1 mark ] [ 1 markah ]

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(f) Another type of transformer is formed when the number of turns of coils X and Y is reversed. Satu jenis transformer lain terbentuk bila bilangan lilitan gegelung X dan Y diterbalikkan. (i) What is the name of this transformer? Apakah jenis transformer ini? ............................................................................................................

[ 1 mark ] [ 1markah ]

(ii) What is the usage of this type of transformer? Apakah kegunaan transformer jenis ini? ............................................................................................................

[ 1 mark ] [ 1 markah ]

(iii) What is the different between the input voltage and the output voltage for this type of transformer? Apakah perbezaan antara voltan input dan voltan output bagi transformer jenis ini? …………………………………………………………………….. ……………………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………….

[ 1 mark ] [ 1 markah ]

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Section B 20 marks

Bahagian B ( 20 markah )

7. Diagram 7 shows five types of energy sources. Rajah 7 menunjukkan lima jenis sumber tenaga.

Diagram 7.1/ Rajah 7.1 (a) State the sources of energy to generate electricity for any four of the following: Nyatakan sumber tenaga untuk menjana elektrik bagi mana-mana empat yang berikut. P: .............................................................................................................................

Q: ............................................................................................................................

R: ..............................................................................................................................

S: ..............................................................................................................................

P Q R

S T

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T : ..............................................................................................................................

[ 4 marks ] [ 4 markah ]

(b) Classify the sources of energy P, Q, R, S and T into two groups based on their common characteristics. Kelaskan sumber tenaga P, Q, R, S dan T kepada dua kumpulan berdasarkan ciri-ciri sepunya.

[ 4 marks ] [ 4 markah ]

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(c)

Diagram 7.2/ Rajah 7.2 Based on Diagram 7.2: Berdasarkan Rajah 7.2: (i) Predict the energy source after 40 years. Ramalkan sumber tenaga berkenaan selepas 40 tahun? ...................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................

[1 mark ] [ 1 markah ]

(ii) State one inference for the answer in (i). Nyatakan satu inferens untuk jawapan di (i). ......................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................... [ 1 mark ]

[ 1 markah ]

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8. Diagram 8.1 shows the set-up of apparatus to study the frictional force Rajah 8.1 menunjukkan susunan radas yang digunakan untuk mengkaji daya geseran.

Diagram 8.1 / Rajah 8.1

The following steps were carried out: Langkah-langkah berikut telah dijalankan: S1 One wooden block is attached to a spring balance. Satu blok kayu dipasangkan pada neraca spring. S2 It is pulled across the table. Ia ditarik di atas meja. S3 The reading on the spring balance is recorded as soon as the wooden block begins to move. Bacaan neraca spring direkodkan sebaik sahaja blok kayu mula bergerak. S4 The experiment is repeated using two wooden blocks. Langkah S1, S2,S3, diulang menggunakan dua blok kayu.

(a) What is the relationship between the number of wooden blocks and the reading on the spring balance?

Apakah hubungan antara bilangan blok kayu dan bacaan neraca spring ? .................................................................................................................................

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[ 1 mark ]

[ 1 markah ]

(b) State the variables involved in this experiment. Nyatakan pembolehubah yang terlibat dalam eksperimen ini.

Manipulated variable Pembolehubah manupulasi

Responding variable Pembolehubah gerakbalas

Constant variable Pembolehubah malar

[ 3 marks ] [ 3 markah ]

(c) Table 8.1 below shows the readings on the spring balance when two wooden blocks are used. Jadual 8.1 menunjukkan bacaan neraca spring bila dua blok kayu digunakan.

Table 8.1 / Rajah 8.1

Predict the reading on the spring balance if Ramalkan bacaan neraca spring jika

(i) one wooden block is used / satu blok kayu digunakan

…………………………………………………………………………… [ 1 mark ]

[ 1 markah ]

(ii) three wooden blocks are used./ tiga blok kayu digunakan.

……………………………………………………………………………[ 1 mark ]

[ 1 markah ]

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(d) Sketch a graph to show the relationship between the weight of an object and the magnitude of friction produced. Lakarkan graf untuk menunjukkan hubungan di antara berat objek dan magnitud daya geseran yang dihasilkan.

[ 2 marks ] [ 2 markah ]

(e) State one other factor that influences friction. Nyatakan satu factor yang mempengaruhi geseran. .................................................................................................................................

[ 1 mark ] [ 1 markah ]

(f) State one benefit of frictional force in our daily life. Nyatakan satu kebaikan daya geseran dalam kehidupan seharian. .................................................................................................................................

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..................................................................................................................................

[ 1 mark ] [ 1 markah ]