Surah Tin(95)

IntroductionThis surah was revealed in Makkah. Historical context it was revealed in:

It was revealed during the earliest period of Makkah.

There was no real conflict yet between Islam and disbelief.

Main Ideas:

IntroductionMain Ideas:

Rewards and Punishment of the Hereafter

Allah has created human beings in the best form

From mankind, Allah choose a Prophet, which is the highest rank that any creature was ever given

IntroductionMain Ideas (cont.):

There are 2 kinds of men: 1. Those who, even though were created in

the best form, decided to do evil. These people made themselves the lowest of the

low. 2. Those who believed in the right path and

do good.

IntroductionMain Ideas (cont.):

If there are people who do good and people who do bad, how can they both get the same end? Don’t the two types of people deserve two different types of treatment?

If all people can just die and good people are not rewarded and evil people are not punished, that would mean that there is no justice on Earth

IntroductionMain Ideas (cont.):

Allah(swt) is Just and He would not allow injustice

In order to do justice, Allah (swt) will reward and punish according to what a person deserves in the Hereafter

IntroductionMain Ideas (cont.):

Allah shows us in this surah that human beings are capable of reaching the highest level by following the examples of the messengers

If a human being decides not to follow the examples of the messengers, then Allah can reduce that person to the lowest state of all creatures

IntroductionAbout Oaths:

When Allah swears by something, its important to understand that the response to the oath is related to what He swears by

He doesn’t swear by random things In order to fully understand the surah, its

important to understand the oath This surah starts with 3 oathsHe swears by 2 food items and 2 locations

IntroductionAbout Oaths (cont.):

When Allah is doing an Oath by something:1. He is honoring that2. He is not honoring it but rather showing it

as an evidence3. He is honoring it but more than that

Introduction Questions1. Where was this surah revealed? 2. In what form did Allah create human beings? 3. What are the two kinds of men? 4. What makes the Hereafter necessary? 5. How can human beings reach the highest level?6. What can cause a human being to be reverted

to the lowest of the low?7. Why is it important to understand what Allah

swears by in any surah?8. How many oaths does this surah start with?9. In this surah, Allah swears by 2 ____ and 2 ____.

Ayah One: By the fig and the olive;The fig (tin) is a blessed fruit which Allah

and the Prophet (sws) praised In classical Arabic, people would call

locations/places by what it was famous for so some scholars thought that the fig and olive might represent 2 locations (Syria and Palestine)

Zaytoon (the olive) is more blessed than the fig (Allah praises it in Surah Noor)

يتون والز ين ﴾﴿والت

Ayah Two: and by the Mount Sinai,

سينين ﴾﴿ وطور

This is the location where Allah (swt) spoke to Musa (a)

This place is even more blessed than the fig and the olive

Ayah Three: and by this city (of Makkah), a haven of peace:

Balad al Ameen – the peaceful city – MakkahThe Kaba was built by the Prophet Ibrahim (a) thereThe Prophet (sws) was born there This is the city in which Allah sent the

Quran/Revelation (wahy) to the Prohpet (sws)

All swears by things from blessed to the Most blessed

األمين البلد ﴾﴿ وهذا

Ayah Four: surely We created man in the best mould;

Allah tells us that humans were made in the best form

We have been blessed w/ thought, knowledge, intelligence, and a conscience

However, with the best form comes responsibility

أحسن في اإلنسان خلقنا لقد تقويم ﴿﴾

Ayah Five: then We reverted him to the lowest of the low,

This ayah is the heart of the SurahIt means that, after being created in the

best mould/form, when humans use the powers and faculties of their bodies and minds in evil ways, Allah makes that path easier for them and they become the lowliest of all creatures, filled with evil

They will also have to pay for their deeds in the Hereafter

سافلين أسفل رددناه ﴾﴿ ثم

Ayah Six: except those who have faith and do righteous deeds. Theirs is a never ending reward.The only people who will be saved from

being turned into the lowest of the low, are those who are good inside and out Inside Action: they have true faith Outside Action: they do good deeds

These are the people that will be given the highest status in the Hereafter and are the best in this world as well

وعملوا آمنوا ذين ال إالغير أجر فلهم الصالحات

﴾﴿ ممنون

Ayah Seven: Who, then, can give the lie to you, (O Prophet), about the Reward and the Punishment?

This means: so what still causes you to deny the Recompense?

How can the two types of people with two different types of actions, get the same consequence? It only makes sense that there will be justice and every person will get what they deserve

بالدين بعد يكذبك ﴾﴿فما

Ayah Eight: Is not Allah the Greatest of all sovereigns?

We expect politicians and kings and leaders of this world to give us justice

How can we not expect justice from the greatest leader of all, Allah?

Of course, Allah will not allow injustice in His creation

All mankind were given a chance to prove how sincere and good they are in this world

If people choose to do bad, Allah will punish them in the Hereafter

الحاك�مين بأحكم ه الل ﴾﴿ أليس

Questions1. Why does Allah swear by the fig and the olive?2. What is the significance of Mount Sinai? 3. What does balad al ameen mean?4. Why does Allah swear by Makkah? 5. How were humans made in the best form 6. How does Allah revert mankind to the lowest of

the low? 7. Who will be saved from being turned into the

lowest of the low?8. Why does Allah clarify that He is the Greatest

of all sovereigns?

DisclaimerThese slides are an abridged,

simplified version of tafseer. For detailed explanations, please view

other sources.