Post on 02-Jun-2018
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BUTADIENE
HAIRIE HELMAN (2010513473)
SYAHIRAH HARUN (2010141155)
AFIF BAZLAA JUWAHIR (2010770233)MOHD. RIDZUAN MOHATAR (2010167473)
LECTURER : PN. RAFEQAH RASLAN
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HISTORY…
1863 1886 1910
Sergei Vasilyevich Lebedev
In 1929, Eduard Tschunker and Walter Bock, working for
IG Farben in Germany, made a copolymer of styrene and
butadiene that could be used in automobile tires.
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Butadiene
Extraction from C4
hydrocarbons
Dehydrogenation
of n-butane
Chemical conversion
from ethanol or n-butene
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MECHANISM
PRESENT BY :
SYAHIRAH HARUN (2010141155)
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Dehydrogenation of C4
McKetta Jr, J. J. (1977). Encyclopedia of Chemical Processing and Design . New York: Marcel
Dekker, INC.
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n-Butane + Heat → n-Butene + Butadiene + Hydrogen
Houdry Catadiene process (Lummus Technology)
Dehydrogenation of C4
Butadiene. (2012). Retrieved November 2014, from Chemicals & Petrochemicals Manufacturer
Association : http://www.cpmaindia.com/butadiene_about.php
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McKetta Jr, J. J. (1977). Encyclopedia of Chemical Processing and Design . New York: Marcel
Dekker, INC.
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Steam cracking Dehydrogenation of
C4
Raw material crude butadiene
(by-product from
ethylene production)
n-Butane
Temperature (˚ C) 700 - 850 600 - 680
Pressure (kPa) 7000 20.67
Purity 75% 50%
Catalyst - a-Cr-Al2O3
McKetta Jr, J. J. (1977). Encyclopedia of Chemical Processing and Design . New York: Marcel
Dekker, INC.
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USES&
APPLICATION
PRESENT BY :
MOHD. RIDZUAN BIN MOHATAR (2010167473)
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APPLICATION
andUSES
Synthetic Rubber
Adiponitrile
to produce
Polybutadiene
Styrene-butadiene latex
Nitrile rubber
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PRESENT BY :
HAIRIE BIN HELMAN (2010513473)
SAFETYMEASURE
& WASTETREATM
ENT
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HazaqdIdentification
N-butane (feedstock)
• colourless gas, with boiling point -0.5°C
• Highly flammable
• Contact with liquid can cause frostbite.
Butadiene (Product)
• Boiling point -4.4°C
• Extremely reactive with oxidizing material
• Carcinogenic
• Skin contact can cause frostbite.
Chemical Datasheets. (n.d.). Retrieved October 7, 2014,from http://cameochemicals.com
P
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Possible Emissions
Offgas from the
recovery section
reheat effluent at the reactor
Fugitive emmisions
From mechanical
equipment
mi io
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Emissionspqevention and
safety measuqe• reheat effluent can be sent to a thermal orcatalytic incinerator
• dual mechanical seals.
• sampling connections with closed purge systemor closed vent system.
• All open-end valves or lines are equipped with acap or plug.
• PPE for handling chemicals
Lummus. (n.d.). CATADIENE Dehydrogenation of Butane.
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WASTE TREATMENT
STEAM STRIPPING PROCESS :
• Separate water and organic substances troughdistillation process.
• Water become heavy product and volatile organicas a light
• Used since only small concentration of organic inthe feed.
• Temperature as a main function.
Miller, L. M. (1978). Investigation of Selected Industrial Contaminants :Butadiene. Washington: Franklin Research Centre.
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ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
&SUSTAINABILI
TY
OF THEPRODUCT PRESENT BY :
AFIF BAZLAA JUWAHIR (2010770233)
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What happensto butadiene
when it entersenvironment?
Breaks downquickly in
sunlight anddegrades in theair with a half-life of less than
two hours
Moderatelytoxic to aquatic
organisms.
Has a lowpotential to
bioaccumulate
Biodegradation
is not likely tocontribute
significantly toremoval of
butadiene fromthe soil
High volatility
& low-watersolubility
USEPA (2002). Environmental Protection Agency Health assessment of butadiene.
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Butadiene Chemical
Industqy
UEM (2008). Engaging Sustainability from Within. Sustainability Report 2008.
PetrochemicalIndustry has
enabledchange of:
Life Style
Mobility &Connectivity
EconomicGrowth
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RISKS & SOLUTIONS
RISKS/ISSUES SOLUTIONS
Non-renewable inputs Renewable inputs
High process energy content
Lower energy processes (catalyst, separation)
By-product Wastes, especially CO2 Carbon and resource efficiency
By-product minimization/utilization CO2 capture and conversion
Open Loop/Single use Recycle Technology
UEM (2008). Engaging Sustainability from Within. Sustainability Report 2008.
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OUTCOMES
Reducing theintensity ofour global
environment-al issues
Build on a tradition ofInnovation, with
increased urgency
Developingnew productsand
applicationsthat satisfydemand and
supply.
Prepare for expectationsof higher levels of
technology
Face into thechallenges of
GlobalSustainability
UEM (2011). Leading Change. Sustainability Report 2011.
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CONCLUSION
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