Post on 16-Nov-2014
BAB A PENGENALAN PERALATAN RANGKAIAN
BAB A – 1 Pengenalan kepada pemasangan rangkaian
1.1 Senarai dan kenalpasti jenis-jenis kabel rangkaian
BAB A : 2 PENGENALAN KABEL RANGKAIAN
PERBEZAAN ANTARA KABEL KUPRUM DENGAN GENTIAN OPTIK
BAB A : 3 PENGENALAN PERALATAN DAN PIAWAIAN
3.1 PERALATAN-PERALATAN DALAM PENDAWAIAN KABEL KUPRUM
1. Punchdown tool2. RJ45 crimping tool3. Coaxial crimping tool4. Pin crimping tool5. Coaxial cable & UTP cable stripper
3.2 KEPERLUAN PIAWAIAN DALAM PENDAWAIAN RANGKAIAN
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Alphabet Soup?Alphabet Soup?
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The Need For StandardsThe Need For Standards
To Increase The Predictability of:To Increase The Predictability of:–– OperationOperation
–– ReliabilityReliability
–– QualityQuality
–– SafetySafety
To Avoid Problems Associated with SoleTo Avoid Problems Associated with Sole--Source ProcurementSource Procurement
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Sources of Networking Sources of Networking StandardsStandards
National and International Organizations National and International Organizations and Associationsand Associations
Communication and Computer Communication and Computer ManufacturersManufacturers
Government AgenciesGovernment Agencies
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Organizations and Organizations and AssociationsAssociations
ANSI ANSI -- American National Standards American National Standards InstituteInstitute
EIA EIA -- Electronic Industries AssociationElectronic Industries Association
IEEE IEEE -- Institute of Electrical and Electronic Institute of Electrical and Electronic EngineersEngineers
ISO ISO -- International Standards OrganizationInternational Standards Organization
TIA TIA -- Telecommunications Industry Telecommunications Industry AssociationAssociation
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Safety StandardsSafety Standards
OSHA OSHA -- Occupational Safety and Health Occupational Safety and Health ActAct
NEC NEC -- National Electrical CodeNational Electrical Code
UL UL -- Underwriters LaboratoriesUnderwriters Laboratories
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Government AgenciesGovernment Agencies
Department of DefenseDepartment of Defense–– Military Specifications (Milspecs)Military Specifications (Milspecs)
Department of CommerceDepartment of Commerce–– US National Institute of Standards & US National Institute of Standards &
TechnologyTechnology
Department of EnergyDepartment of Energy
NASANASA
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Hierarchy of Network StandardsHierarchy of Network Standards
TopologyTopology–– SoftwareSoftware
»» Network communications programsNetwork communications programs
»» Communications protocolsCommunications protocols
–– HardwareHardware»» Network interface cardsNetwork interface cards
»» ConnectorsConnectors
»» CablesCables
»» Network components (Hubs, Routers, Servers, etc)Network components (Hubs, Routers, Servers, etc)
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Standards Applicable to NetworksStandards Applicable to Networks
Software
Networking Standards
Network Operating SystemsCommunication Protocols
Hardware
Passive ComponentsActive Components
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Active Network ComponentsActive Network Components
Network Interface Cards (NICs)Network Interface Cards (NICs)
Hubs/RepeatersHubs/Repeaters
ServersServers
Bridges/RoutersBridges/Routers
SwitchesSwitches
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Basic Network Hardware Basic Network Hardware StandardsStandards
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Cable
Connectors
NIC Cards
CableNetworkComponents
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Standardized Network SoftwareStandardized Network Software
ProtocolsProtocols
Network Operating SystemsNetwork Operating Systems
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Standard Network ProtocolsStandard Network Protocols
TCP/IPTCP/IP
IPX/SPXIPX/SPX
NetBIOS/NetBEUINetBIOS/NetBEUI
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Popular Network Operating Popular Network Operating SystemsSystems
Novel NetWareNovel NetWare
Artisoft LANtasticArtisoft LANtastic
Banyan VINESBanyan VINES
Microsoft NT, Windows 95/97Microsoft NT, Windows 95/97
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IBM Cable Plan TypesIBM Cable Plan Types Type 1 Type 1 -- Two STP, Max Data Rate 100 MbTwo STP, Max Data Rate 100 Mb
Type 2 Type 2 -- Two UTP, Two STP, Voice/DataTwo UTP, Two STP, Voice/Data
Type 3 Type 3 -- Four UTP, Voice/Data <4 MbFour UTP, Voice/Data <4 Mb
Type 4 Type 4 -- No Current SpecificationNo Current Specification
Type 5 Type 5 -- Two FiberTwo Fiber--Optic StrandsOptic Strands
Type 6 Type 6 -- Shielded Cable Shielded Cable -- two twisted pairstwo twisted pairs
Type 7 Type 7 -- No Published SpecificationsNo Published Specifications
Type 8 Type 8 -- “Under“Under--thethe--Carpet” STPCarpet” STP
Type 9 Type 9 -- Plenum STPPlenum STP
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Performance of Performance of EIA/TIA 568 Cable CategoriesEIA/TIA 568 Cable Categories
Category 1 Category 1 -- Not rated for performanceNot rated for performance
Category 2 Category 2 -- 1 MHz1 MHz
Category 3 Category 3 -- 16 MHz16 MHz
Category 4 Category 4 -- 20 MHz20 MHz
Category 5 Category 5 -- 100 MHz100 MHz
Category 5e Category 5e -- 100 MHz100 MHz
ProposedProposed CatagoryCatagory 6 6 -- 250 MHz250 MHz
ProposedProposed CatagoryCatagory 7 7 -- 600 MHz600 MHz
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NEC/UL 444 Cable LevelsNEC/UL 444 Cable Levels
All levels specified to meet NEC/UL 444 All levels specified to meet NEC/UL 444 safety requirements for flame and smoke. safety requirements for flame and smoke.
Performance ratings, by level, are:Performance ratings, by level, are:–– Level I Level I -- Not performance ratedNot performance rated
–– Level II Level II -- EIA Cat 2 & IBM Type 3EIA Cat 2 & IBM Type 3
–– Level III Level III -- EIA Cat 3EIA Cat 3
–– Level IV Level IV -- EIA Cat 4EIA Cat 4
–– Level V Level V -- EIA Cat 5EIA Cat 5
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Cable Descriptions Include:Cable Descriptions Include:
Electrical CharacteristicsElectrical Characteristics
Physical CharacteristicsPhysical Characteristics
Safety CharacteristicsSafety Characteristics
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Cable Electrical SpecificationsCable Electrical Specifications
DC ResistanceDC Resistance
Nominal ImpedanceNominal Impedance
Nominal CapacitanceNominal Capacitance
Maximum AttenuationMaximum Attenuation
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Copper Cable Copper Cable Physical SpecificationsPhysical Specifications
Cable DiameterCable Diameter
Conductor Wire Size and TypeConductor Wire Size and Type
Shield Material and ResistanceShield Material and Resistance
Insulation or Dielectric MaterialInsulation or Dielectric Material
Safety CharacteristicsSafety Characteristics