Post on 12-Aug-2019
PERANKINGAN DOKUMEN BERDASARKAN
KEMUNCULAN KATA KUNCI PADA ONTOLOGI
Tugas Akhir
Diajukan untuk Memenuhi
Persyaratan Guna Meraih Gelar Strata 1
Teknik Informatika Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang
Hendra Nurrokhmad
201210370311358
JURUSAN TENIK INFORMATIKA
FAKULTAS TEKNIK
UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
2017
iv
KATA PENGANTAR
Puji syukur kehadirat Allah SWT, yang atas rahmat dan hidayah-Nyalah
penulis dapat menyelesaikan Tugas Akhir yang berjudul "PERANKINGAN
DOKUMEN BERDASARKAN KEMUNCULAN KATA KUNCI PADA
ONTOLOGI".
Tugas akhir ini merupakan langkah awal dalam mengimplementasikan
sebuah ilmu yang nantinya merupakan landasan awal untuk mempelajari ilmu-ilmu
mesin pencarian dalam pengembangan aplikasi web semantik khususnya. Maka
dari itu implementasi dari ilmu sangatlah penting dan penulis menyadari bahwa
penelitian ini masih sangatlah jauh dari kesempurnaan. Oleh karena itu, penulis
mengharapkan saran dan kritik yang membangun agar tulisan ini dapat bermanfaat
bagi pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan kedepan. Aplikasi ini juga masih
membutuhkan pengembangan lebih lanjut sehingga dapat lebih bermanfaat.
Akhirnya, penulis mengucapkan tiada kata dan upaya selain rasa syukur
kehadirat Allah SWT atas izin-Nya. dan Terima Kasih kepada semua pihak yang
telah membantu sehingga tugas akhir ini terselesaikan dan semoga tugas akhir ini
dapat bermanfaat bagi kita dan saya khususnya. Aamiin
Malang, 19 Januari 2016
Penulis
ix
DAFTAR ISI
LEMBAR PERSETUJUAN................................................................................. i
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN ............................................................................... ii
LEMBAR PERNYATAAN .............................................................................. iii
HALAMAN PERSEMBAHAN ....................................................................... iv
KATA PENGANTAR ...................................................................................... vi
ABSTRAK ....................................................................................................... vii
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................... viii
DAFTAR ISI ..................................................................................................... ix
DAFTAR GAMBAR ........................................................................................ xi
DAFTAR TABEL ........................................................................................... xiii
BAB I .................................................................................................................. 1
PENDAHULUAN ............................................................................................. 1
1.1 Latar belakang ................................................................................... 1
1.2 Rumusan masalah .............................................................................. 2
1.3 Tujuan ................................................................................................ 2
1.4 Batasan masalah ................................................................................. 2
1.5 Metodologi ........................................................................................ 3
1.5.1 Studi Pustaka .............................................................................. 3
1.5.2 Analisis dan Desain Sistem ......................................................... 3
1.5.3 Implementasi ............................................................................... 3
1.5.4 Pengujian ..................................................................................... 3
1.6 Sistematika Penulisan ......................................................................... 3
BAB II ............................................................................................................... 5
LANDASAN TEORI .......................................................................................... 5
2.1 Penelitian Terdahulu ........................................................................... 5
2.2 Mesin Pencari ..................................................................................... 7
2.2.1 Perkembangan Mesin pencari...................................................... 7
2.3 Web Semantik .................................................................................... 8
2.3.1 Komponen Web Semantik ........................................................... 8
2.4 Ontologi ............................................................................................ 10
2.5 XML (eXtensible Markup Language) dan XMLS (eXtensible Markup
Language Schema) ....................................................................................... 10
2.6 RDF ( Resource Descripton Framework ) dan RDFS ( Resource ...
Descripton Framework ) ............................................................................... 11
2.6.1 Class .......................................................................................... 12
2.6.2 Properties ................................................................................... 12
2.7 SPARQL ........................................................................................... 12
2.8 Preprocessing .................................................................................... 13
2.8.1 Tokenizing ................................................................................. 13
2.8.2 Filtering ..................................................................................... 13
2.9 TF-IDF (Term Frequency-Invers Document frequency) .................. 14
2.10 Metode Dao ...................................................................................... 15
2.11 Precission .......................................................................................... 15
2.12 Database ........................................................................................... 16
BAB III ............................................................................................................ 18
ANALISA DAN PERANCANGAN SISTEM ................................................. 18
3.1 Analisa Sistem ................................................................................. 18
x
3.2 Sumber Data .................................................................................... 18
3.3 Desain Sistem .................................................................................. 18
3.3.1 Pemegang kepentingan (Stakeholder) ...................................... 19
3.3.2 Business Case ........................................................................... 19
3.3.3 Diagram Konteks dan DFD (Data Flow Diagram) .................. 20
3.4 Desain Ontologi ............................................................................... 22
3.5 Desain Sparql ................................................................................... 28
3.5.1 Pencarian Current Class ............................................................ 28
3.5.2 Pencarian Parrent Class ............................................................ 28
3.5.3 Pencarian Child Class ............................................................... 29
3.5.4 Pencarian Equivalent Class ...................................................... 29
3.6 Desain Database ....................................................................................... 30
3.7 Keterangan Tabel ............................................................................. 30
3.8 Desain Antar Muka .......................................................................... 32
3.8.1 Desain Admin ........................................................................... 32
3.8.2 Desain Pengguna ...................................................................... 34
3.9 Perhitungan Manual ......................................................................... 35
BAB IV ............................................................................................................ 38
IMPLEMENTASI DAN PENGUJIAN .......................................................... 38
4.1 Implementasi Kebutuhan Sistem ..................................................... 38
4.1.1 Kebutuhan Perangkat Keras ..................................................... 38
4.1.2 Kebutuhan Perangkat Lunak .................................................... 38
4.2 Implementasi Program ..................................................................... 39
4.2.1 Implementasi Ontologi ............................................................. 39
4.2.2 Implementasi Permutasi ........................................................... 44
4.2.3 Implementasi Pembuatan Pencarian Data dalam Ontologi ...... 44
4.2.4 Implementasi Pembobotan tf-idf ............................................... 45
4.2.5 Implementasi Metode Dao ........................................................ 47
4.2.6 Implementasi Perankingan ....................................................... 49
4.2.7 Implemnetasi Database ............................................................. 52
4.3 Implementasi Interface .................................................................... 52
4.3.1 Implementasi Admin Interface ................................................. 52
4.3.2 Implementasi User Interface ..................................................... 55
4.4 Pengujian ......................................................................................... 57
4.4.1 Hasil Proses Permutasi, dan Perhitungan Jarak ........................ 57
4.4.2 Pengujian Threshold ................................................................. 58
BAB V .............................................................................................................. 62
PENUTUP ........................................................................................................ 63
5.1 Kesimpulan ...................................................................................... 63
5.2 Saran ................................................................................................ 63
Daftar Pustaka .................................................................................................. 64
xi
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1 : Layer pada Web semantik [9] ....................................................... 9
Gambar 2.2 : Contoh Syntax XML ................................................................... 10
Gambar 2.3 : Contoh format data RDF ............................................................. 11
Gambar 2.4 : Contoh query Sparql .................................................................. 12
Gambar 2.5 : Panjang jarak antara dua node..................................................... 15
Gambar 3.1 : Business Case .............................................................................. 19
Gambar 3.2 : Context Diagram ........................................................................ 21
Gambar 3.3 : DFD (Data Flow Diagram Mesin Pencarian semantik Level 0) . 21
Gambar 3.4 : DFD (Data Flow Diagram Level 1 Kelola Data) ........................ 22
Gambar 3.5 : Rancangan Ontologi .................................................................... 23
Gambar 3.6 : Main Class .................................................................................. 24
Gambar 3.7 : SubClass Jaringan ...................................................................... 24
Gambar 3.8 : SubClass RPL ............................................................................. 26
Gambar 3.9 : SubClass Game ........................................................................... 27
Gambar 3.10 : Pencarian Current Class ............................................................ 28
Gambar 3.11 : Pencarian Parent Class .............................................................. 28
Gambar 3.12 : Pencarian Child Class ............................................................... 29
Gambar 3.13 : Pencarian Equivalent Class ....................................................... 29
Gambar 3.14 : Rancangan Database ................................................................ 30
Gambar 3.15 : Desain Antar Muka Admin (Login) .......................................... 33
Gambar 3.16 : Desain Antar Muka Admin (Managemen Data) ....................... 33
Gambar 3.17 : Desain Antar Muka Admin (Tambah Data) .............................. 33
Gambar 3.18 : Desain Antar Muka Admin (Update Data) .............................. 34
Gambar 3.19 : Desain Antar Muka Pengguna (Halaman Awal) ....................... 34
Gambar 3.20 : Desain Antar Muka Pengguna (Halaman Awal) ....................... 34
Gambar 3.21 : Contoh pencarian dalam ontologi ............................................. 36
Gambar 3.22 : Contoh Hasil perhitungan Dao .................................................. 37
Gambar 4.1 : Halaman awal protege ................................................................. 39
Gambar 4.2 : Main Class pada ontologi ............................................................ 40
Gambar 4.3 : Visualisasi Main Class pada ontologi ......................................... 40
Gambar 4.4 : SubClass Game pada ontologi .................................................... 40
Gambar 4.5 : Visualisasi SubClass Game pada ontologi .................................. 41
Gambar 4.6 : SubClass Jaringan pada ontologi ................................................ 41
Gambar 4.7 : Visualisasi SubClass Jaringan pada ontologi .............................. 42
Gambar 4.8 : SubClass RPL pada ontologi ....................................................... 43
Gambar 4.9 : Visualisasi SubClass Jaringan pada ontologi .............................. 43
Gambar 4.10 : Hasil permutasi ......................................................................... 44
Gambar 4.11 : Hasil pencarian dalam ontologi ................................................. 44
Gambar 4.12 : Hasil Tokenizing ....................................................................... 45
Gambar 4.13 : Hasil Stopword removal ............................................................ 46
Gambar 4.14 : Hasil Pembuatan Indeks ............................................................ 46
Gambar 4.15 : Hasil Perhitungan bobot ............................................................ 47
Gambar 4.16 : Hasil Pencarian jarak per Class dalam ontologi ........................ 48
Gambar 4.17 : Hasil perhitungan bobot jarak ................................................... 49
Gambar 4.18 : Hasil perhitungan bobot Dao dan tf-idf per dokumen ............... 49
xii
Gambar 4.19 : Contoh hasil perhitungan rata-rata bobot Dao dan tf-idf pada
dokumen ............................................................................................................ 50
Gambar 4.20 : Hasil perankingan di database ................................................... 50
Gambar 4.21 : Hasil perankingan di browser.................................................... 51
Gambar 4.22 : Hasil perankingan di browser dengan threshold ....................... 51
Gambar 4.23 : Desain database ......................................................................... 52
Gambar 4.24 : Form Login ............................................................................... 53
Gambar 4.25 : Form Daftar ............................................................................... 53
Gambar 4.26 : Menu pengeloaan data mata kuliah .......................................... 54
Gambar 4.27 : Menu tambah data mata kuliah ................................................. 54
Gambar 4.28 : Menu edit data mata kuliah ....................................................... 55
Gambar 4.29 : Menu mengelola data admin ..................................................... 55
Gambar 4.30 : Home page ............................................................................... 56
Gambar 4.31 : Halaman hasil pencarian ........................................................... 56
Gambar 4.32 : Halaman detail judul ................................................................. 57
Gambar 4.33 : Hasil permutasi ......................................................................... 57
Gambar 4.34 : Hasil pencarian jarak dalam ontologi ........................................ 58
xiii
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1 : Hasil perbandingan penelitian terdahulu ......................................... 5
Tabel 3.1 : Keterangan Tabel User .................................................................. 30
Tabel 3.2 : Keterangan Tabel Tampung Dataset .............................................. 31
Tabel 3.3 : Keterangan Tabel term Index ......................................................... 31
Tabel 3.4 : Keterangan Tabel Temp_result ...................................................... 32
Tabel 3.5 : Bobot nilai tf-idf ............................................................................ 36
Tabel 4.1 : Hasil pengujian threshold dengan nilai 0,5 .................................. 59
Tabel 4.2 : Hasil pengujian threshold dengan nilai 1,5 .................................. 59
Tabel 4.3 : Hasil Pengujian threshold dengan nilai 2,5 .................................. 60
Tabel 4.4 : Hasil pengujian threshold dengan nilai 3,5 .................................. 60
Tabel 4.5 : Hasil pengujian threshold dengan nilai 4,5 .................................. 61
Tabel 4.6 : Hasil pengujian threshold dengan nilai 5,5 .................................. 61
Tabel 4.7 : Hasil pengujian threshold dengan nilai 6,5 ................................... 62
64
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