Ali Padiyar

8/13/2019 Ali Padiyar

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SHREE PRAGATI DEVELOPERS CIVIL ENGINEERING

FR. AGNEL POLYTECHNIC, VASHI

Inplant Training Report

Shree Pragati Developers

Submitted by

Padiyar Mohammad Ali Fazlu

Semester-V

Fr. Agnel Polytechnic, Vashi

Diploma in

Civil Engineering

June 3 Oct 19

(2013-14)


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CERTIFICATE


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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I take this opportunity to thank SHREE PRAGATI

DEVELOPERS for giving me the opportunity to undergo

INPLANT TRAINING at their most prestigious project.

I also thank Mr.RAJENDRA G. CHOUDHARI for his

support and guidance.

I would also like to thank my training incharge MR.

VISHAL who helped me at various stages to clear my doubtsand encouraged me from time to time.

I would also like to thank other members of SHREE

PRAGATI DEVELOPERS who helped me in many ways

that were very helpful to me.

I would also like to show my sincere gratitude towards

MRS.SEEMA K, MRS AMARPREET KAUR, MR.LEWIS

ANTHONY.(LECTURER INCHARGE) and MRS.SALLY

ANTHONY.(H.O.D) who time to time shared their most

valuable experience during and before the training.

I would also like to thank the management of

FR.AGNEL POLYTECHNIC who inplanted a sandwitch

pattern syllabus where we students got an opportunity to

experience the practical knowledge which will be a great

help for us in the coming future and will also be a morale

booster for our careers.


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Index

CHP Contents Page no.

1 Introduction with brief details

2 Introduction of organisation

3 Site organisation chart & site layout

4 Construction materials

5 Cosntruction tools

6 Machineries

7 Construction methods

8 Members

9 Masonary

10 Finishign works

11 Quality control

12 Safety, security & our duties on site

13 Reference books

14 Conclusion


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INTRODUCTION TO ORGANISATION

SHREE PRAGATI DEVELOPERS is synonymous

with solid foundation of enterprising vision and astute

professionalism.

The group prides on its efficient panel of Architects,

Planning, and Engineers with a specific eye on details

and sense of aesthetics we actually blend modernism

with culture to create adorable master pieces.

With each day, we realize our standards by bringingInnovation, Quality, Transparency and Commitment to

deliver every promise made.

Values that not only differentiate us from others, but

also help build a dynamic Organization.


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G + 3 Storage with lift.


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LAYOUT OF 3D FLOOR PLAN.


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LAYOUT OF GROUND FLOOR PLAN.


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CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS

Cement:

It is on one of the most common and most important

material used in construction industry. This is basically

used as a binding material only. At our site mostly

ordinary Portland cement (OPC) of grade 53 are used,however plain Portland cement of grade 53 is used in a

footing work.

Following are the brands used at our site:-

ACC CementAmbuja Cement


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Corromandel CementCement is available in bags weighing 50 kgs.

Test :-

Manufacturing date should be checked it should notbe more than 5 days.

No lumps are to be found When a hand is immersed in cement bag it should feel

cool.

Fine Aggregate (sand) :

Sand is a fine aggregate and is an important

constituent of concrete and mortar. Generally river sand

is preferred. Before using sand it is very much essential

to wash it in order to reduce the silt content.

Test:

Silt Content should be less than 10%


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Coarse Aggregate:

It plays an important role to give strength to the

concrete structure. They are divided in to three

categories.

Metal 1.Metal 2.Metal 3.

Test: Sieve analysis was done for all aggregates.


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Steel:-

It is very costly material used in construction

industry especially used in concrete works.

Basic purpose of the steel is to provide tensile

strength in concrete. Steels are available in various

diameter.

Following are used at our site:

6mm (Mild Steel)8 MM (Tor Steel)10 mm (Tor Steel)12 mm (Tor Steel)16 mm (Tor Steel)20 mm (Tor Steel)32mm (Tor Steel)


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Checks for steel:

Steel when brought to the site should not the rusted

and quantity and diameter should be checked properly.

Rubble:-

They are big stones mostly used for soling purpose

for P.C.C

There are not rubble test for rubbles.

Murrum:-

It is a form of a soil, which is used for filling

purpose.

Stone dust:-

It is mostly used for filling purpose and also used

for making approach road.


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Bricks:-

Bricks are basically used to provide partitions

and for water-proofing purpose. In our site two sizes

of bricks were used:-

1.23X10X9 Cms.2.23X15X10 Cms.

Checks for bricks:-

1.Colour should be checked for the bricks.2.It should not be over burnt or under burnt.3.Bricks should not have water absorption more than

20X

4.Edge should be sharp at right angle.


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Tiles:-

They used for flooring work to give a pleasant

appearance. In our site vitrified tiles were used.

Test:-

Water absorption should not be more than 10


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CONSTRUCTION TOOLS

Tools are basically third hand for the labours that

helps in doing the work more efficiently and at faster

speed.

Various tools used in our site are:

Mortar pans.Chisel.Level tube.Skirting pharma.Hammer.Trowel.Chicken mesh.Spirit level.

Hexa frame blade.

Pick axe.Hacking picks.Spade.Hammer.


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Plumb bob.Line dory.Trolley.Right angle.Aluminum float.

Wooden float.


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MACHINERIES

Use of machine in building construction helps in

achieving our goals at better speed and quality.

Machineries are required at every stage of work and can

different from projects.


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On our site following machineries and

equipment were used:-

Concrete mixerNeedle vibratorPulleyJcbRollerDe-watering pumpLeveling staffTrolleyLift & hoistDumpersWater pumpsCube moulds


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Maintenance of machineries and

equipments:

It is very much necessary for smooth working

project maintenance also helps in saving money.

Maintenance includes:-

Time to time oiling of machineries.Time to time calibration of machineries.Time to time replacing the bearing of machinery.


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CONSTRUCTION METHODS

Excavation

It is one of the most important activities of the

construction industry. It starts form digging pit and

continues up to the handling over the site.

Excavation is required for various kind of

activity like:-

1.Foundation of the building.2.Plinth and beam work.3.Construction of the basement of the building4.Laying out water and drainage pipe-line.5.Construction of compound wall.

Requirement to start excavation.

It is very much necessary to understand the various

layer of soil below the ground as depth of various layer

keeps on changing from location to location. It is one of

the main factor on which design of foundation is based.


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Methods of excavation:-

With the help of poclain:It is used when huge volume of soil is to be

excavated.

With help of JCBIt is one of the most common equipment used for

excavations.

Labour power.When small volume of soil is to be excavated,

labour are used for it.


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FOUNDATION

On our site we had column foundation. Before

starting column foundation approximately leveled and

the center of footings were marked, according to the

foundation plan.

Every civil engineering structure is divided into

two parts:

Sub StructureSuper Structure

Sub structure is a term. Which is also called as

foundation. Foundation is that part of structure the most

important part of the structure, which stays below the

gorund and transmits the total load of the structure on to

the foundation base.

Necessity and purpose of foundation :

Foundation transfer the load to the soilIt supports the structure against wind, ran etc.To provide a leveled base for the super structure to

rest.


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Foundation on the bases of the depth can be classified

as:

Shallow foundationWhen it is possible to have a foundation at

reasonable shallow depth, the foundation is termed as

shallow foundation or when the depth of doundation is

less than or equal to the width of the foundation it iscalled shallow foundation.

The different types of shallow foundation are:-

Shallow footingCombined footingraft footingDeep foundation

when the depth of foundation is more than the width

of the foundation then its termed as deep foundation.

Mostly for towers deep foundation is prepared. Pile

foundation is a type of deep foundation.


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Pile Foundation:-Pile foundation is a type of foundation, which is

done when the soil available, is soft and marshy or the

hard strata is at great depth. Pile foundation is designed

such that the load is transmitted by resting it on hard

strata or by friction between the pile and soil in contact.

Piles may be cast-in-situ or precast. At our site cast-

in-situ piles were used. Piles vary in shape and size. They

are available in shapes like circle, hexagonal, etc. and of

different diameter 300mm to 1200mm and more.


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Plinth works

Plinth work is one the most important works and

needs proper care while construction. It is said that

efficiently of a civil engineer is judged here, as mistake

committed here cannot be rectified. Plinth wall function

as a retaining wall.

Plinth work involves following activities.

Excavation up to the depth of plinth requiredbelow ground level

Rubble soling of 15mm below ground levelCompaction of rubble solingP.C.C of 100mm over rubble solingReducing the height of chipping extra portion.Casting of tie beam.Casting of Column and stub columnBrick masonry up to plinth level.Filling of murrum and stone dust and murrum.Compaction of the rubble soling.Anti-termite treatment given to plinth area.P.C.C work to be done over it for flooring.


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Precaution while construction of plinths:

Compaction of the murrum and stone dust should bedone properly.

Compaction of rubble soling is to be done properly.Dimension of plinth should be checked properly and

height of plinth should be checked with reference

point.

Minimum height of plinth wall should be 0.6m.


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MEMBERSColumns

Column are one of the most important vertical

member of R.C.C structure as they support beam and

slab. It is column that takes the load of beam and slab

and transfers I to the foundation. If the column fails t

take the load there are high chances for the building

collapse. Column not only bears the dead load of the

beam and slab but also has to bear gravitational force,

wind pressure & earthquake pressure.

Column can be casted in various shape and sizes

depending upon architectural and sizes depending uponarchitectural requirements and load bearing capacity of

it.

Reinforcement in column:

It should be as per drawing provided by R.C.CConsultant.

Minimum reinforcement should be 0.8% of the C/Sarea.

Maximum reinforcement should be 8% of the C/Sarea.

Starters:-


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Before casting of column it is essential to cast startersof at least 4 of height.

Advantage of casting starters:-

Position of column can be easily fixed as they are ofjust 4 of height.

Formwork for column:-

Formwork for column are erected on the next day of

the casting of the starters. Formwork can be either of

wood or M.S plates. Before erecting of formwork they

are well oiled. Once the formwork is erected they are

supported by joist on sides in order to prevent bulging of

column. Clamps (shikhanjas) support formworks in

angles.


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FORMWORK FOR COLUMN


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Concreting Of Coloumn:-

The desired grade of concrete is prepared in

concrete mixer and is transported up to the column. Then

with the help of labours the concrete is pored in to

formwork with the help of mortar pans. While pouring

concrete a person with vibrator has to concrete is

properly vibrated.

Deshuttering:-

It should be done after 24hrs. only.

Hacking :-

Once the column is casted then it is very much

necessary to provide hacking so that when the plaster is

applied on it. It holds the plaster firmly.


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Checks while casting column:-

Reinforcement should be properly checked beforeerecting formwork for column

Center of column should be checked with reference tocenterline plan.

Quantity and spacing of stirrups should be checkedProper binding between stirrups and main bars is to

checked properly.

Lapping should be checkedSpacing between M.S clamps should be checked.Supports to be checked properly.Covers on the top reinforcement are to be checked.

Minimum size of the cover should be 40mm.

While concreting vibrator should be properly used.Plumb on both sides of column should be checked.

Quantity of the concrete should be checked properly.


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Fixing:-

Reinforcement shall be accurately fixed by any

approved means maintained in the correct position as

shown in drawing by using spacers, cover block etc to

prevent displacement during placing compaction of

concrete.

Covers to reinforcement:-

Cover blocks, which are generally of cement mortar,

shall used to ensured the required cover for

reinforcement. To provide necessary cover for

reinforcement at any section only single cover block

shall be used.

Covering is provided to the reinforcement sothat

due to atmosphere action the reinforcement does not get

corroded and therefore the strength cannot be reduce of

the R.C.C Member.On out site cover for column was 40mm and for

beam it was 25mm


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BEAM & SLAB

Beam and slabs are horizontal member of the

structure. The live and dead load is taken by the slab and

is passed on to the beam, which in return transfer the

load to the column.

Formwork for slab and beam:-

First of all column cap is marked on all the columnwith the help of level tube.

After fixing column cap beam bottom is erected. Beambottom is basically a wooden plank rested on over

column cap.Once the beam bottom is erected it is supported over

the props in order to avoid point load.

The formwork of the slab and beam is well oiled.


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Reinforcement for beam and slab:-

It should be as per drawing specified by R.C.C

Consultant.

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Concreting of slab and beam:

Special gang of labours is appointed for this

operation. Concrete grade of M40 is prepared and ispassed on the slab with the help of concrete pump.


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While concreting one person should be

continuously check the vibrator whether it is used at all

the places. While another person level the concrete withthe help of float.

Deshuttering of slab:

Once the concrete is hardened, sides of the slab can

be removed after 224 hrs. however bottom of slab and

beam is removed after 7days and 14day respectively.

Curing:-

Curing should be done 4-5 times for 14days.

Checks for slab and beam during casting

Height from slab to slab should be checked beforeconcreting.

Shuttering of the slab should be properly leveled.Width and depth of beam should be checked.Reinforcement of beam should be checked with

respect to top bars and bottom bars.

Reinforcement of slab should be checked.Props should be properly checked.


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Covering should be checked in beam and slab.Lapping should be chcked.Marking of the thickness of the slab should be

checked.

Dimension of the slab to be checked.Electric conduits should be checked.Proper vibrating should be ensured while concretingProper leveling should be ensure.


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MASONRY

It is required at many places like construction of

foundation, wall, etc. in framed structure no load is taken

by masonry. The role played by masonry in framed

structure is just a create a partition.

Classification of masonry:-1.Stone Masonry2.Brick Masonry

Stone masonry is further classified as rubble

masonry and ashlars masonry, where brick masonry is

classified as per bonds like:-


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1.Stretcher bond:In this bond all the bricks are laid as stretcher on the

face of the wall. This is the pattern used when the

thickness of the wall is 100mm.


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Header bond:

This pattern is used when the thickness of the wallis

225mm. in this all the bricks are header on the face of thewall.

English bond:

In this bond bricks are laid on the alternate courses

of header and stretcher. This is supposed to be the

stronger bond.


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Flemish bond:

In this course each layer is made of alternate header

and stretcher. There are two types of Flemish bond:

1.Single Flemish bond.2.Double Flemish bond.

On our site mostly stretcher bond was used on brick

masonry.

Procedure to construct the brick wall:


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1.All the brick should be soaked in water before usingthem for masonry work.

2.First of all layout was made by single layer of brick ona bed of mortar.

3.Once the first layer was approved, layer above it wasdone and checked by line dori.

4.Cement mortar was made by using ration of 1:6. Brickwall at a height of 1.5m.

5.Then curing was done 2-3 times a day for 3-4 days.Dos for the brick masonry

1.Brick should be good and of uniform size, shape andcolor.

2.Before using for construction work it should be fullyimmersed inwater for two to three hours.

3.Brick should give metallic ringing sound when struck.4.Curing should be done at least 7-10 days for brick

wall.

Donts for the brick masonry:

1.Unburnt and over burnt brick should not be used.2.Joints should not exceed a thickness of 10mm.3.Broken bricks should be avoided in masonry work as

far as possible.


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FINISHING WORKS

Fixing of door

Doors are very much necessary in a building and

hence proper care should be taken while fixing them.

Doors:

There are various sizes and types available for doors

and frames. The most common sizes for doorframes are:

1.Main door frame35 X72.Internal door Frame3X73.Toilet door frame26X7


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Procedure for fixing door frames:

First of all frames are ordered according to theirrequired dimension and design.

Once the frames are brought to the site they arechecked to their dimension

6 holdfasts are fixed to it.This doorframe is raised to its required position and

plumb is checked from inside and outside.

Once the plumb is checked top immersed in brickmasonry, it is broken by using breaker.

Once this is done the potion is filled with cementconcrete.

Once the frame is fixed, by using fixtures andfastening door shutter is fixed.


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ELECTRIFICATION

Electric work is one of the most important topics in

construction process.

Electrification can be done in following ways:

Open wiringConcealed wiring


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Open wiring:

The process in which the wiring is carried out over

the painted surface is known as open wiring. The main

advantage of open wiring Is that is facilitates case in

repair works. It can be further classified in to two

groups:-

1.Pipe wiring2.Open frame wiring3.Close frame wiring

1.Pipe wiringIn this type of wiring wires are supported with wire,

which runs over the wall. In this type of wiring repair

work are difficult. As the pipe is to be cut. Thus this type

of wiring is not used at present.

2.Open frame wiringIn this type of wiring the wires are supported over a

wooden strip, which act as a frame. Due to shabby

appearance this type of wiring is avoided.


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3.Closed frame wiringIn this type of wiring a closed frame is use. Which

can be opened for repaired works. Due to better

appearance and ease in repair work this type of open

wiring is maximum use.

4.Concealed wiringThe wiring, which is hidden within the plaster

surface, is known as concealed wiring. This type of

wiring facilitates better appearance and is thus maximum

in use. It even facilitates safely from damage in industrial

area. But this type of wiring is difficult to repaired.


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PLASTERING

It provides a smooth finished surface. It is a layer of

cement and morter applied over masonry work, which

also act as a damp proof coat over masonry work. It

enhanced the appearance of the building.

Material required for plastering:

1.Sand2.Cement3.Water4.NeeruTools required for plastering:-


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1.Mortar pan2.Chisel3.Space4.Hammer5.Trowel6.Level tube7.Wooden float8.Metal float9.Right angle.10. Nylon thread11. Plumb bob12. Measuring tape13. Wire brushClassification of plaster

1.Internal plaster2.External plasterProcedure for external plastering

External plaster is done in two coats. Following are the

two coats.

First coat or base cot (12mm -20mm)Second coat or final coat (10mm-12mm)


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For external plaster, scaffolding was built in

advance. Before plastering the surface is cured for at

least 3 days. Level dots are marked for thickness of12mm at a distance of 2m to 15m intervals. They are

used as reference pint the points are transferred with

plumb bob. Nylon threads were tied near all the edges

and window frames of external wall so that thickness of

plaster and line of edges are controlled. Before starting

the plaster cement slurry was applied.

First coat or base coat:

In the first coat proportion used for cement mortar is

1:4. Thickness of the coat was approximate 12mm. the

layer was not finished and was kept rought to provide

good bonding with second coat. The coat was cured for 3

days before the second coat is started.

Second coat or final coat:

In this second coat proportion used for cement

mortar is 1:6. Thickness of second coat was

approximately 8mm. during this coat sponge is used to

get fine grains of sand.


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Checks for external plastering

1.Edges and corners of the building should be checkedwith the helps of nylon thread.

2.Checking of any elevation part should be done as perarchitectural drawings.

Gypsum finishing (internal plaster):

1.Gypsum was mixed with water in appropriate rationand gypsum paste was prepared.

2.Once the curing of brickwork is over, gypsum paste of8mm thickness was placed at various places as a level

dot.

3.The dots were allowed to dry for an hour and then withreference of this level dots. Entire wall is paste with

gypsum.

4.Level and smooth appearance is given by aluminumfloat.


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PAINTING

Painting is basically done to give a pleasant

appearance, however it also increase thelife of the

structure as it also acts a protective layer over the

structure.

Procedure for painting

Internal painting:-

At our site internal painting was done on gypsum

plaster. Oil bound distempers were used for internal

painting work. These paints were manufactured by Asian

Paints Pvt. Ltd.

Following was the procedure followed during the

painting:

1.Scrubbing:-Scrubbing was done with the helps of 120 no. water

paper the purpose of scrubbing was to remove the dust

and other extra waste material from the wall. The other

purpose of scrubbing was to level the surface.


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2.Primer application:Primer is a bonding agent, which is applied on the

scrubbed surface to provide good bonding with the putty.Primer, which was used at our site, was also

manufactured by Asian Paints Pvt Ltd.

3.Putty applicationIt is a mixture of linseed oil and calcium carbonate in

suitable proportions. This putty is applied on the

wall/over the primer, for the thickness of 1mm to 2mm

the purpose of application of the putty is to get good

level and smooth surface for painting and also to fill up

small gaps and microscopic cracks on the surface of the

wall.

4.Painting coat (first coat):-Once the above procedure is completed painting is

started. Paints are applied using brushes. The paint

should be in consistent liquid form and cover are of 12

brasses of area in 20 liters of paint.

5.Painting coat (second coat):Before starting final coat the cracks were filled with

putty. After filling the craks it was scrubbed and then the

paint was applied.


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External painting:

At our site external plastering was done by cement

plaster.

Following was the procedure followed at our site for

painting:

1.Cleaning:Spraying water thoroughly on the surface using

pipes cleaned the surface of the wall.

2.White wash:-White wash of the white cement paint was applied

to fit small holes and microscopic cracks that might have

developed on the cracks that might have developed on

the plastered surface. This helps in saving paint and also

to get consistent surface for painting.

3.Curing :-The white wash was cured for 3days by spraying

water.

4.Application of paintAfter 3day the paint is applied using brush and it

was done in two coat. The paint must be consistent and

cover 7brasses to 7brasses in every 20 liters of paint.


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Tiling

The main purpose of tiling is to protect the surface

from elements like water, mild acid smoke and oily

fumes. It also give good finishing and improves

appearance of the room.

Usually tiling is done is following ways:-

1.Floor tiling2.Skirting tiling3.Dado tiling


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Floor tiling:

At our site vitrified tiles were used for flooring and

it was provided in all rooms however in bathroom we

had ceramic tiles. The sizes of tiles were.

1.For vitrified tiles 1X12.Foe ceramic tile 30cm X 30cm


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Procedure for flooring:-

1.The level was taken with respect to doorframes andlevel was transfer to every corner with the help of

level tube.

2.Floor completely clean cheeping of waste material wasdone to get the floor in level.

3.Bedding is laid for maximum of 2 and required slopewas given. At our site bedding was prepare in neeru

cement mortar.

4.Next day after checking of the slope, tile are laid overthe prepared bedding.

5.After the tile are laid the joints between the tiles arefilled with white cement.

6.Care should be taken that the joints are in samecontinuous line.

7.For flooring in bathroom and W/C the tile level is kept1 below tile level in the rooms. Slope should be

checked with the help of line dori.

8.Joints between two tiles should be less than 2mm.9.The slope should be checked and should be in perfect

direction


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Skirting tiling:

At our site skirting tiles are of same vitrified tiles,

which were for flooring. It is provided in all rooms.

Height of skirting was 10mm from floor level.


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Dado tiling:

Dado tiling at our site was provided in kitchen

bathroom and w/c.


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PLUMBING

Plumbing is a art of constructing and laying of water

lines and sewer lines in constructed structure. The main

purpose of plumbing or house drainage is to provide an

efficient drainage system.


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There are two types of plumbing:

1.Internal plumbing2.External plumbing

Internal plumbing includes sewage and water lines

whereas external plumbing includes outside works.

Internal Plumbing

External Plumbing


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Plumbing for water supply:

Plumbing for water supply is done by using G.I

Pipes or with copper pipes. At our site copper pipe wasused for plumbing.

Copper pipes are available invarious diameters like

, 1 , 2 etc.

External work was done using P.V.C pipes

Test for plumbing

1.Air pressure test was done after assembling thepipeline.

2.Water color test was done.Plumbing process for bathroom & w/C.

1.The layouts of pipe were marked as per the drawing inthe bathroom

2.The area where pipes were to be laid was chipped offby using chisel and hammer.

3.The pipes are placed and a rough skeleton wasprepared.

4.Then the joints were soldered with each other.5.Once it is finalized pressure test is done on pipes with

the help of pressure machine.


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6.There were covered with sponge material.7.Then finally they are placed properly and covered with

cement mortar.


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6.Line dori7.Metal float8.Chisel9.Hacker10. Right angle11. Pressure grouting machine12. Measuring box13. Spirit level14. Level tube15. Brush


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Procedure for brickbat water proofing in bathroom

1.Select well burnt brickbat and soaked them in waterfor at least half an hour.

2.Clean the area where the water proofing is to be done.3.Fill area with cement mortar rich in vement content.

Place brick leaving 1-2 cm gap between them.

4.Leave this position for at least 24hours.5.Then fill area with water and then leave it for three

days.

6.Remove all water after three days and fill it withcement mortar till the heights of bricks giving a slope

of 1:100 towards drainage.

7.Leave this for few hours and fill area with water andleave it for 4-5 days.


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Procedure for shahabad waterproofing for lit pit.

1.Make heights up to which Shahabad waterproofing isto done in lift pit.

2.Cement paste is spread over tat area.3.Cement slurry is put over 1 side of Shahabad tile and

is pasted to the lift pit.

4.Once the position is fixed, more cement slurry is put inthe gap between Shahabad tile and the wall of lift pit.

5.Once the entire area where waterproofing is to bedone, is completely covered with Shahabad tiles, then

pressurized grouting is done if required.


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SAFETY & SECURITY

Safety measurements help us avoiding accidents.

1.To ensure safety following preventive steps are takenon sites:-

2.Compulsory wearing of safety helmets on site.3.Compulsory wearing of safety shoes on site.4.First Aid Box is kept on site.5.Fire Fighting Equipment are also installed on site.6.Safety Belt are also given to labours to ensure safety

when working on heights.

Security

Four security men were hired all the time in order to

prevent any theft at the site.


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Various drawing use for construction of A building

Right from the start of any project a engineer has to

deal with a number of plans. The drawing give a brief

idea about the building. The drawing are the giving by

the architect i.e all the elevation drawing and the

consultant should be check cleared by some experienced

person. If at all there is some mistake in the plan it will

eventually create a problem at site. As the engineer

construct the building as per the drawing

The various drawing used are:

General drawingCenterline planFoundation and column planPlinth beam planVarious floor planSectional drawingElevation drawing (both side)Categories of labour

They are classified in three:

MukadamCarpenterFitterMason


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CONCLUSION

The training period of six months has helped me get

familiar with the site, thus giving me an insight of future

professional career. To carry project at out site according

to the specification & to maintain the required stand is

really a job, which needs a great amount of hard work &

experienced to control & maintain the progress of the

work.

This training period has made me more responsible

and confident in my approach towards our future. Thus I

would conclude that we are well equipped with practical

knowledge and not only theoretical knowledge and we

are fortunate one among the few. And also we are

prepared to face the world of construction any time in the

future.


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REFERENCE

Following bookswere referred while making this

project:

Concrete technology by NavilleA2Z of construction by MantriSoil Mechanics by VNS MurthyBuilding Construction by Sushil Kumar

Ali Padiyar

Documents

Transcript of Ali Padiyar