Cemerlang Bhgn b
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Transcript of Cemerlang Bhgn b
![Page 1: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
CEMERLANGSAINS UPSR 2014
W. MOHD. SABERI BIN WAN MAHMUDJURULATIH UTAMA KEBANGSAAN - LEMBAGA PEPERIKSAAN (SPUA)- BAHAGIAN PENDIDIKAN GURU (BPG)- BAHAGIAN PERKEMBANGAN KURIKULUM (BPK) KETUA PENTAKSIR NEGERI KEDAH (KPN)
BAHAGIAN B
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SCIENCE 018
BAHAGIAN
BENTUK SOALAN BILANGAN SOALAN
JUMLAH MARKAH
PERATUS
A Objektif 30 30
B Subjektif 4 - 5 20
JUMLAH BESAR 50
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Calon-calon UPSRboleh menjawab dalam
Dalam Bahasa Melayu sepenuhnya
Dalam Bahasa Inggeris sepenuhnya
Dalam Bahasa Inggeris dan Bahasa
Melayu
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PEMBOLEH UBAH HIPOTESIS MENTAFSIR MAKLUMAT MERAMAL INFERENS (SEBAB)
KEMAHIRAN PROSES SAINSBAHAGIAN B
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VARIABLES HYPOTHESIS INTERPRETING DATA PREDICTING INFERENCE
Science process skillsIn section B
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VARIABLESPEMBOLEHUBAH
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BAHAGIAN B – SAINS KEMAHIRAN PROSES SAINS (KPS)
KPS 2010 2011 2012
2013 2014
INFERENS(3K) 4 4 5 5 5P. UBAH (4K) 6 7 5 5 5HIPOTESIS (2K) 1 1 2 1 1MERAMAL (2K) 2 2 2 3 3MENTAFSIR MAKLUMAT (4K)
7 6 6 6 6
JUMLAH (15K) 20 20 20 20 20
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BAHAGIAN B – SAINS KEMAHIRAN PROSES SAINS (KPS)
KPS 2005 2006 2007
2008 2009
INFERENS(3K) 4 2 2P. UBAH (4K) 6 6 6HIPOTESIS (2K) 3 3 1MERAMAL (2K) 2 3 3MENTAFSIR MAKLUMAT (4K)
5 6 8
JUMLAH (15K) 20 20 20 20 20
m.s. 200m.s. 200
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THN PU Tuju Hub Cor Kes Hipo Seb Pemer Rama
2010 6 2 2 1 2 1 4 1 2
2011 7 2 1 1 2 1 3 1 2
2012 5 2 1 2 1 2 4 1 2
TABURAN SOALAN BAHAGIAN B (8 JENIS)
2010 - 2014
2013 5 2 2 1 1 1 4 1 2
belum2014 5 2 2 1 1 1 4 1 3
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THN PU Tuju Hub Cor Kes Hipo Seb Pemer Rama
2009 6 3 1 1 2 1 2 1 3
2010 6 2 2 1 2 1 4 1 2
2011 7 2 1 1 2 1 3 1 2
TABURAN SOALAN BAHAGIAN B (8 JENIS)
2009 - 2013
2012 5 2 1 2 1 2 4 1 2
2013 5 2 2 1 1 1 4 1 3
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THN PU Tuju Hub Cor Kes Hub/H Seb Pemer Rama
2008 6 2 0 2 1 3 2 1 3
2009 6 3 1 1 2 1 2 1 3
2010 6 2 2 1 2 1 4 1 2
TABURAN SOALAN BAHAGIAN B (8 JENIS)
2011 7 2 1 1 2 1 3 1 2
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TYPE OF VARIABLESJENIS PEMBOLEHUBAH
1. WHAT IS KEPT THE SAME (CONSTANT) APA YANG DITETAPKAN (MALAR) (sama)
2. WHAT IS CHANGED (MANIPULATED) APA YANG DIUBAH (MANIPULASI) (Different/ Berbeza)
3. WHAT IS OBSERVED (RESPONDING) APA YANG DIPERHATI / DIUKUR ( BERGERAKBALAS)
(Result/Keputusan/ BERUBAH)
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INFORMATION / MAKLUMAT
1. WHAT IS KEPT THE SAME (CONSTANT) APA YANG DITETAPKAN (MALAR) (sama)
2. WHAT IS CHANGED (MANIPULATED) APA YANG DIUBAH (MANIPULASI) (Different/ Berbeza)
3. WHAT IS OBSERVED / MEASURED (RESPONDING) APA YANG DIPERHATI / DIUKUR ( BERGERAKBALAS)
(Result/Keputusan/ BERUBAH)
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BAHAGIANB
PERNYATAAN PU
T
JADUALRAJAH
CARTA PALANG
U
P
U P
U
P
BERBEZA KEPUTUSAN
SAMA
P
U
1
2
3
4
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SECTIONB
STATEMENT WTOWTC
WTKS
TABLEDIAGRAM
BAR CHART
WTC
WTO
WTC WTO
WTC
WTO
DIFFERENT RESULT
SAME
WTO
WTC
1
2
3
4
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VARIABLES ARE NEEDEDPEMBOLEHUBAH PERLU
UNTUK
= Aim / Purpose (Tujuan)= Relationship (Hubungan)= Conclusion (Kesimpulan)= Hypothesis (Hipotesis)
UWC
PWO
U / WC = Reason (Inference) Sebab (Inferens)
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Bagaimana ditulis:
____________ _________
parameter Objek/Bahan
1.Number of batteries Bilangan bateri Parameter object / objek
2.Volume of water Isipadu air Parameter substances / bahan
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Table 1
Height of the stairs /mKetinggian tangga/m
Time taken to reach the top/ s Masa yang di ambil untuk sampai
ke atas/ s
3 2
4 3.5
5 5
U P
What is changed :Apa yg diubah ______________________
What is observed: Apa yang diperhati _________________________
What is kept the same :Apa yg ditetapkan ______________________
The height of the stairsKetinggian tangga
Time taken to reach the topMasa yang di ambil untuk sampai ke atas
Type of personJenis orang
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YearTahun 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
Number of animalsBilangan haiwan 270 230 200 170 90
Table 2
U
P
Manipulated variable :Pembolehubah manipulasi _______________________
Responding variable: Pembolehubah Bergerakbalas____________________
Constant variable :Pembolehubah Dimalarkan ______________________
The YearTahun
Number of animalsBilangan haiwan
The size of forestSaiz hutan
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HandkerchiefSapu tangan
Speed of fanKelajuan kipas
Mass after 1 hour (g)Berat selepas 1 jam
Q (0): None 95
R (1): Low 90
S (2): Medium 80
T (3): High 65
U PT
What is changed :Apa yang diubah _______________________
What is observed : Apa yg diperhati ____________________
What is kept the same :Apa yang ditetapkan ______________________
The speed of fanKelajuan kipas
Mass after one hourBerat selepas 1 jam
The size of handkerchiefSaiz sapu tangan
Table 3
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Bar Chart / Carta Palang
40 60 80 100 120
2
10
8
6
4
Mass of loadBerat beban / kg
Extension of spring/ cmPemanjangan spring / cm
U
P
What is changed :Apa yg diubah _______________________
What is observed : Apa yg diperhati ____________________
The mass of loadBerat beban
The extension of springPemanjangan spring
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The size of shadowSaiz bayang-bayang
Distance of object to the light sourceJarak objek dari sumber cahaya.
Light sourceSumber cahaya
Diagram
ScreenSkrin
ObjectObjek
U
P
What is changed :Apa yg diubah _______________________
What is observed : Apa yg diperhati ____________________
Distance of object to the light sourceJarak objek dari sumber cahaya.
The size of shadowSaiz bayang-bayang
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INTERPRETINGDATA
MENTAFSIR MAKLUMAT
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Gunakan : ~ Apa yang diubah ~ Apa yang diperhati …. untuk jawab soalan …..1. Tujuan2. Corak perubahan (P)3. Hubungan 4. Kesimpulan
MENTAFSIR MAKLUMAT
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1. Use Variables : ~ Manipulated Variable ~ Responding Variable 2.Aim / Purpose3.Trend / Pattern / Changes4.Relationship/ Hypothesis5.Conclusion
INTERPRETING DATAMENTAFSIR DATA
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1. Tujuan
Untuk menyiasat hubungan antara U dengan P.
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1. Aim/ PurposeTo investigate the relationship between
________ and ________
(WC) (WO)
or
☺To find out the relationship between ___(WC)__ and / with ___( WO )_
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Height of the stairs /mKetinggian tangga/m
Time taken to reach the top/ s Masa yang di ambil untuk sampai
ke atas/ s3 2
4 3.5
5 5
Apakah tujuan penyiasatan?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________Untuk menyiasat hubungan antara ketinggian tangga dengan masa yang diambil untuk sampai ke atas.
WC /U WO / PExample 1
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Height of the stairs /mKetinggian tangga/m
Time taken to reach the top/ s Masa yang di ambil untuk sampai
ke atas/ s3 2
4 3.5
5 5
What is the aim of the above investigation ?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
To investigate the relationship between the height of the stairs and time taken to reach the top.
WC /U WO / PExample 1
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Table 1 shows the temperature and length of electric cable at different time of the day Jadual menunjukkan suhu dan panjang kabel elektrik pada waktu yang berlainan dalam suatu hari.
Temperature (°C)Suhu (°C)
24 26 28 30 32 34 36
Length of Cable (cm)Panjang kabel (cm)
170 171 173 176 180 185 191
Contoh 2 :
Apakah tujuan penyiasatan?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________Untuk menyiasat hubungan antara suhu dengan panjang kabel.
U
P
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Table 1 shows the temperature and length of electric cable at different time of the day Jadual menunjukkan suhu dan panjang kabel elektrik pada waktu yang berlainan dalam suatu hari.
Temperature (°C)Suhu (°C)
24 26 28 30 32 34 36
Length of Cable (cm)Panjang kabel (cm)
170 171 173 176 180 185 191
Example 2
What is the aim of the above investigation ?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
To investigate the relationship between the temperature and length of cable.
U
P
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Date According to Lunar CalenderTarikh mengikut Takwim Qamari
Phase of the MoonBentuk Fasa Bulan
5 th day5 haribulan
10 th day10 haribulan
15 th day15 haribulan
20 th day20 haribulan
25 th day25 haribulan
a) What is the purpose of the investigation ? Apakah tujuan penyiasatan itu?
Untuk menyiasat hubungan antara tarikh mengikut takwim qamari dengan bentuk fasa bulan.
Example 3
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Date According to Lunar CalenderTarikh mengikut Takwim Qamari
Phase of the MoonBentuk Fasa Bulan
5 th day5 haribulan
10 th day10 haribulan
15 th day15 haribulan
20 th day20 haribulan
25 th day25 haribulan
a) What is the purpose of the investigation ? Apakah tujuan penyiasatan itu?
To study the relationship between the date according to Lunar calender and the phases of Moon
Example 3
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New MoonAnak Bulan
New Crescent MoonBulan Sabit baru
Half MoonBulan Separa
New Gibbous MoonPurnama baru
Full MoonBulan Purnama
Old Gibbous MoonPurnama lama
Half MoonBulan Separa
Old Crescent MoonBulan Sabit lama
1 4 15 U 30
DayHari
Size of the PhasesSaiz fasa bulan
Apakah tujuan penyiasatan ini?
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
Contoh 4
Untuk menyiasat hubungan antara bilangan hari dengan saiz fasa bulan
![Page 35: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
New MoonAnak Bulan
New Crescent MoonBulan Sabit baru
Half MoonBulan Separa
New Gibbous MoonPurnama baru
Full MoonBulan Purnama
Old Gibbous MoonPurnama lama
Half MoonBulan Separa
Old Crescent MoonBulan Sabit lama
1 4 15 U 30
DayHari
Size of the PhasesSaiz fasa bulan
What is the purpose (aim) of this investigation ?
________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
Example 4
To investigate the relationship between the day and the size phases of the Moon.
![Page 36: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
What is the aim of the investigation?Apakah tujuan penyiasatan ini?
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
Example 5
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan tiga bekas kaca yang sama tinggi diletakkan di atas sekeping papan. Apabila hujung X dan Hujung Y papan . Apabila hujung X dan hujung Y diangkat perlahan-lahan, didapati bekas K jatuh dahulu diikuti oleh J dan M.
Untuk menyiasat hubungan antara luas tapak dengan kestabilan bekas.
![Page 37: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
What is the aim of the investigation?Apakah tujuan penyiasatan ini?
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
Example 5
The diagram below shows three glass containers J, K and M of the same height placed on a piece of board. When edge X and edge Y are slowly lifted up , K toppled first followed by J and then M.
To investigate the relationship between the size of the base area and the stability of the container.
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14 16 18 20 Small to Big number /Kecil ke besar
Increases/Menaik
12 10 8 6 Big to small number /Besar ke kecil
Decreases/Menurun
8 8 8 8 No change Tidak berubah
Constant/ Doesnot change
Tidak berubah / tetap
TREND/PATTERN/CHANGEPOLA ATAU CORAK
![Page 39: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
New MoonAnak Bulan
New Crescent MoonBulan Sabit baru
Half MoonBulan Separa
New Gibbous MoonPurnama baru
Full MoonBulan Purnama
Old Gibbous MoonPurnama lama
Half MoonBulan Separa
Old Crescent MoonBulan Sabit lama
1 4 15 U 30
DayHari
Size of the PhasesSaiz fasa bulan
b). What is the trend of change in the sizes of phases of the Moon during this investigation ? Apakah corak perubahan saiz fasa bulan sepanjang tempoh penyiasatan itu? Increases, decreases Increases, decreases / Meningkat, menurun
![Page 40: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
HUBUNGAN / HIPOTESIS
1. Hubungan antara dua pemboleh ubah a) Apa yang diubah (U) b) Apa yang diperhati / diukur (PU)
2. Corak (Pola) a) Bertambah (Meningkat) b). Berkurang (Menurun)
![Page 41: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
RELATIONSHIP/HYPOTHESISHUBUNGAN / HIPOTESIS
1.Relatioship between Two Variables (Hubungan Antara Pembolehubah)
a) Manipulated Variable (MV) b). Responding Variable (RV) 2. Trend / Pattern (Pola)
a) Increases (Bertambah) b). Decreases (Berkurang)
![Page 42: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Hubungan/HIPOTESIS
Apabila _____ _______ , _____ ________ . (U) (corak) (PU) (corak) (bertambah / berkurang) bertambah / berkurang
- Semakin ( bertambah/ berkurang ) U , semakin ( bertambah/ berkurang) PU.
![Page 43: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
rElATIONSHIP/HypothesisHubungan/HIPOTESIS
When the _____ _______ , the _____ ________ . (WC) (trend) (WO) (trend) (increases / (increases / decreases ) decreases )
- The ( more/less ) WC is , the (longer/ higher / shorter/more/less) WO.
![Page 44: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Masa (minit) 2 4 6 8
Suhu air (oC) 32 41 45 52
JAWAPAN : (U) (corak)
Apabila ______ ___________
(PU) (corak) _________________ __________
U
PU
masa bertambah
suhu air bertambah
Semakin bertambah masa pemanasan, Semakin bertambah suhu air
![Page 45: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Time (minutes)Masa (minit)
2 4 6 8
Water temperature (oC)
Suhu air (oC)
32 41 45 52
Answer : (WC) (trend)
When the ______ ___________
(WO) (trend)The _________________ __________
WC
WO
time increases ,
water temperature increases
Semakin bertambah lama masa pemanasan, Semakin bertambah tinggi suhu air
![Page 46: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Jadual berikut menunjukkan hasil dapatan sekumpulan murid.
PlanetJarak dari Matahari (juta km)
Masa diambil untuk membuat satu peredaran lengkap mengelilingi Matahari (Tahun)
P 150 1
Q 780 12
R 1430 30
S 2870 84
T 4500 165
Contoh 1
Nyatakan hubungan antara jarak dari Matahari dan masa diambil untuk membuat satu peredaran lengkap mengelilingi Matahari.
____________________________________________________________Semakin jauh jarak dari Matahari, semakin bertambah masa diambil untuk membuat satu peredaran lengkap mengelilingi Matahari.
![Page 47: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
The following table shows data gathered by a group of pupilsJadual berikut menunjukkan hasil dapatan sekumpulan murid.
PlanetDistance from the Sun (million km)
Time taken to make one complete movement around the Sun (year)
P 150 1
Q 780 12
R 1430 30
S 2870 84
T 4500 165
Example 1
State the relationship between the distance from the Sun and the time taken to make one complete movement around the Sun.Nyatakan hubungan antara jarak dari Matahari dan masa diambil untuk membuat satu peredaran lengkap mengelilingi Matahari.
____________________________________________________________
When the distance from the Sun increases, the time taken to make one complete movement around the Sun increasesSemakin jauh jarak dari Matahari, semakin bertambah masa diambil untuk membuat satu peredaran lengkap mengelilingi Matahari.
![Page 48: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
10----
20------------
30----------------------
40-------------------------------
50-----------------------------------------
60---------------------------------------------------
1. Sekumpulan murid menjalankan aktiviti menggunakan kereta mainan. Carta bar menunjukkan hasil dapatan mereka.
Kelajuan (m/s)
Bilangan bateri
c). Apakah hubungan antara pembolehubah yang dinyatakan di atas?
_____________________________________________________________________Semakin bertambah bilangan bateri, semakin bertambah kelajuan kereta mainan.
2 4 6 8 10 12
Contoh 2
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10----
20------------
30----------------------
40-------------------------------
50-----------------------------------------
60---------------------------------------------------
1.A group of pupils carries out an activity using model cars. The bar chart below shows the information they have obtained .
Sekumpulan murid menjalankan aktiviti menggunakan kereta mainan. Carta bar menunjukkan hasil dapatan mereka.
Speed (m/s)Kelajuan
Number of batteriesBilangan bateri
c). What is the relationship between the variables that you have mentioned above?
Apakah hubungan antara pembolehubah yang dinyatakan di atas?
_____________________________________________________________________When the number of batteries increases, the speed of the toy car increases.
Semakin bertambah bilangan bateri, semakin bertambah kelajuan kereta mainan.
2 4 6 8 10 12
Example 2
![Page 50: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
a) Menggunakan maklumat di atas, tuliskan hipotesis bagi penyiasatan itu?
_____________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Amir mendapati beban menjadi lebih mudah ditarik apabila bilangan roda pada troli itu ditambah?
Semakin bertambah bilangan roda pada troli, semakin mudah beban di tarik
Contoh 3
![Page 51: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
a). Using the information above, write the hypothesis for this investigation Menggunakan maklumat di atas, tuliskan hipotesis bagi penyiasatan itu?
_____________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Amir finds the load becomes easier to pull when more wheels are added to the trolley.Amir mendapati beban menjadi lebih mudah ditarik apabila bilangan roda pada troli itu ditambah?
- When the more number of wheel to the trolley,
easier to pull the load.-When the number of the wheel to the trolley increases, the effort to pull the load decreasesSemakin bertambah bilangan roda pada troli,
semakin mudah beban di tarik
Example 3
![Page 52: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
ContainerBekas
Time of evaporation / hourMasa menyejat / jam
P 1
Q 3
R 5
PQ
R
Gambar rajah di bawah menunjukkan radas yang digunakan dalam satu penyiasatan .
Buat satu kesimpulan yang sesuai dari eksperimen ini.________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
Example 4
Semakin bertambah luas permukaan bekas, semakin bertambah masa air menyejat.
![Page 53: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
ContainerBekas
Time of evaporation / hourMasa menyejat / jam
P 1
Q 3
R 5
PQ
R
The diagram below shows a set of apparatus that are used in an investigation Gambar rajah di bawah menunjukkan radas yang digunakan dalam satu penyiasatan .
Make a suitable conclusion from this experimentBuat satu kesimpulan yang sesuai dari eksperimen ini.________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
Example 4
The bigger the surface area of water exposed, the longer the time of evaporation.Semakin bertambah besar luas permukaan air yang terdedah,
semakin lama masa yang diambil untuk penyejatan.
![Page 54: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Type of objectJenis objek
Time taken to reach the ground (seconds)Masa untuk sampai ke lantai (saat)
Table tennis ballBola ping pong
20
Cotton woolKapas
40
MarbleGuli
10
What is the relationship between the types of object with the time taken to reach the ground?Apakah hubungan antara jenis objek dengan masa untuk sampai ke lantai?
________________________________________________________
![Page 55: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
CONCLUSIONKESIMPULAN
2. HypothesisConclusion
Kesimpulan Hipotesis
3. Trend Conclusion
Kesimpulan Peringkat
1. General Conclusion
Kesimpulan Umum
![Page 56: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
a). Plants need air, water and sunlight to grow healthy Tumbuhan memerlukan udara, air dan cahaya matahari untuk hidup sihat.
b). Air and water cause iron to rust.
Udara dan air menyebabkan besi berkarat.
~ Tajuk-tajuk tertentu sahaja~Contoh: Basic Needs, Rusting, Microorganisms Keperluan asas, Pengaratan & Mikroorganizam
1. General Conclusion
Kesimpulan Umum
![Page 57: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
When the time increases, the temperature
of water increases. Semakin bertambah masa, semakin
bertambah suhu air.
2. Two Trends Conclusion
Kesimpulan 2 Corak Perubahan
![Page 58: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Temperature (°C)Suhu (°C)
20 25 30 35 40
Number of germinated seedlingsBilangan anak benih yang
bercambah
10 20 40 70 70
1. When the temperature increases, the number of germinated seedlings increases untill 35 °C, then
remain the same.
Semakin bertambah suhu, semakin bertambah bilangan anak benih yang bercambah sehingga suhu 35°C kemudian tidak berubah.
3. Trend Conclusion
Kesimpulan Peringkat
![Page 59: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
PREDICTINGMERAMAL
![Page 60: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
1. The table shows the temperature of water after the melting of ice. Jadual menunjukkan suhu air selepas ais melebur.
b) Predict the of temperature water after the melting of ice when the 7 ice cubes are put into the beaker. Ramalkan suhu air selepas ais mencair apabila 7 ketulan ais dimasukkan ke dalam bikar.
________________________________________________________
Predict Number:
Beaker Number of ice cubesBilangan ketulan ais
Temperature of water after the melting of ice (C )Suhu air selepas ais mencair (ºC)
W 10 8
X 8 14
Y 6 20
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(a) Predict th size of the balloon if the temperature of water used is 100 0C.
18 cm
(b) Predict the size of the balloon if more ice cubes are put
in the hot water.Size of balloon will decreases
Example 2
![Page 62: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Time / minuteMasa minit 0 3 5 7 9 11 13
Water temperature / °CSuhu air / ° C 99 87 77 69 63 59 57
Predict the water temperature at the 10th minute.Ramalkan suhu air pada minit ke 10.
____________________________________________________________________
Answer: 61°C
Example 3
![Page 63: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
OBSERVATION & INFERENCESPEMERHATIAN &
INFERENS
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OBSERVATIONPEMERHATIAN
Menggunakan deria : Penglihatan
pendengaran sentuhan
rasa bau
untuk mengumpul maklumat
tentang objek dan fenomena.
![Page 65: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Pemerhatian boleh dalam bentuk perubahan / perbezaan dari segi:
Size (saiz)
Number(Bilangan)
Colour)(Warna)
Height(Ketingian)
Quantity( Kuantiti)
Mass/Weight( Berat)
Condition( Keadaan)
![Page 66: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
~ Beri sebab
Give reasons
~ Nyatakan mengapa ?
State WHY.
INFERENCESMembuat inferens
![Page 67: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
inferens
~ Dinyatakan selepas
Contoh jawapan:
_______________ sebab ( alasan) (Apa yang diperhatikan)
![Page 68: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Give a reason (inference) for the difference in the time taken for shirt A and B to dry.Berikan satu sebab (inferens) tentang perbezaan masa yang diambil untuk baju A dan B kering.
Shirt A is thicker than shirt B1. Baju A lebih tebal berbanding B
Shirt A takes 2 hours to dry.Baju A ,masa kering 2 jam
ShirtB takes 2 hours to dryBaju B, masa kering 1 jam
2. Shirt A is dry up under the shed but shirt B under the Sun
Baju A dijemur tempat lebih teduh berbanding baju B
(Persekitaran-tempat/cuaca )
Example 1
![Page 69: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
Lembu QLembu P
Contoh 2
Observation : _______________________________Pemerhatian: ________________________________
Nyatakan sebab (inferens) tentang pemerhatian di atas.___________________________________________
Pemerhatian: Lembu Q lebih besar daripada
Lembu P.
Lembu Q makan lebih banyak daripada lembu P.
![Page 70: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
Cow QLembu Q
Cow PLembu P
Example 2
Observation : _______________________________
Pemerhatian: ________________________________
State the reason (inference) from the observation above.
Nyatakan inferens dari pemerhatian di atas.__________________________________________
_
Observation : Cow Q is bigger than Cow PPemerhatian: Lembu Q lebih besar daripada Lembu P
Cow Q it eat more food than cow P - get better quality food than cow P
![Page 71: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
Contoh 1
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan telur ayam P dan Q yang dipungut dari dua ekor ayam yang berlainan.
Telur P
a) Nyatakan satu sebab (inferens) yang sesuai tentang telur-telur itu?
_______________________________________________________________
Telur Q
-Ayam P mendapat lebih makanan daripada ayam Q.
-Ayam P lebih besar daripada ayam Q.-Ayam P daripada baka yang lebih baik daripada
ayam Q.
![Page 72: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
b). Nyatakan satu pemerhatian untuk menyokong sebab (inferens) anda dalam (a)?
Jawapan
1. Telur P lebih besar daripada telur Q.2. Telur P lebih berat daripada telur Q.
![Page 73: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
Example 1
Diagram below shows eggs P and Q colleted from two different chickens The egg mark with P produced by chicken X and the egg mark with Q produced by chicken Y.Rajah di bawah menunjukkan telur ayam P dan Q yang dipungut dari dua ekor ayam yang berlainan. Telur P dihasilkan oleh ayam X manakala telur Q dihasilkan oleh ayam Y
Egg P / Telur P
a) State one) suitable reason(inferences) about the differences on the eggs? Nyatakan satu sebab (inferens) yang sesuai tentang pada telur-telur itu?
_______________________________________________________________
Egg Q / Telur Q
Inference : Egg P bigger because;…..
1. Size of chicken X is bigger2. Type of chicken
![Page 74: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
b).State one observation we may obtain on chicken X and Y to support your reason in (a)? Nyatakan satu pemerhatian yang boleh didapati pada ayam X dan Y untuk menyokong sebab anda dalam (a)?
Jawapan1. Egg P is heavier than egg Q2. The shell of egg P is harder than egg Q3. The surface of shell of egg P is cleaner.
![Page 75: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
Picture X Picture Y
Pictures below shows two ways to pluck coconuts.Gambar menunjukkan dua cara memetik buah kelapa.
The result shows as follow.
Picture X: 7 coconuts can be plucked in 10 minutesPicture Y: 15 coconuts can be plucked in 10 minutes
(a).State one reason (inference) about the difference in the yield of the coconuts plucked in picture X and picture Y.
Using simple machine make work faster than not using simple machine.
Menggunakan mesin ringkas lebih cepat melakukan kerja berbanding tidak menggunakan mesin ringkas
Example 3
![Page 76: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
Membuat Inferens
1. A group of pupils carried out an investigation about the distance of a marble travelled
on various type of surface as shown below.
Sekumpulan murid menjalankan ujikaji tentang jarak guli bergerak di atas pelbagai
jenis permukaan seperti ditunjukkan di bawah.
![Page 77: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
The table below shows the result of this investigation.
Jadual di bawah menunjukkan keputusan penyiasatan.
Surface/ Permukaan Distance travelled (cm)/ Jarak
pergerakan ( cm ) Glass/Kaca 140 Wood/ Kayu 70 Sand paper/ Kertas pasir 18 a) State one reason ( inference ) about
the movement of a marble on the glass surface.
Nyatakan satu sebab tentang pergerakan guli di atas permukaan kaca.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
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COMMON ERRORS !
![Page 87: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
1.Does not understand the question
Students rush to answer the question without looking for keywords in the question. Students did not answer the question as required.
Underline or circle the keywords in the question before answering.
COMMON ERRORS
![Page 88: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
2. Did not use the information given when answering the question
Student did not read carefully the information given but rushed to answer the question.
Read the information given first. Some of the information if complete, can be used as your answer.
COMMON ERRORS
![Page 89: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
3. Did not understand the meaning of the question
Student cannot differentiate between:(i) Things that you changed, measured and kept
the same (ii) Observation and reason or explain(iii) Aim and conclusion
Do more exercises. The best way is to do more frequent fair tests.
COMMON ERRORS
![Page 90: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
4. Did not use proper science terminology
Knowledgeable in science is weak because of lack of reading. When answers doesn’t embrace concept or principle of science, it becomes incomplete and inaccurate.
Read a lot of science books and try to relate science with your daily life.
COMMON ERRORS
![Page 91: Cemerlang Bhgn b](https://reader035.fdokumen.site/reader035/viewer/2022081418/563db820550346aa9a90cfc6/html5/thumbnails/91.jpg)
GOOD LUCK AND
ALL THE BEST
THANK YOU