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SMK LUTONG

CHEMISTRY

Paper 2Time :

Class :Marks :

MERGEFIELD ARAHAN

MERGEFIELD ArahanThis question paper consists of three sections: Section A, Section B and Section C.

Kertas soalan ini mengandungi tiga bahagian: Bahagian A, Bahagian B dan Bahagian C.MERGEFIELD ARAHAN

MERGEFIELD Arahan

Section ABahagian A

[60 marks][60 markah]

Answer all questions in this section.Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini.

1.Diagram shows two experiments which are conducted to investigate one of the factors that influences the rate of a reaction.Rajah menunjukkan dua eksperimen yang dijalankan untuk menyiasat satu faktor yang mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas.Experiment IEksperimen I

Time taken for all the zinc to dissolve = 30 secondsMasa yang diambil untuk kesemua zink melarut = 30 saat

Reaction temperature = 35CSuhu tindak balas = 35C

Experiment IIEksperimen II

Diagram/Rajah

Time taken for all the zinc to dissolve = 12 secondsMasa yang diambil untuk kesemua zink melarut = 12 saat

Reaction temperature = 35CSuhu tindak balas = 35C(a)

Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction.Tuliskan persamaan kimia yang seimbang bagi tindak balas.

[ 2 marks/markah]

(b)

What is the factor that influences the rate of the reaction?Apakah faktor yang mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas itu?

[ 1 mark/markah]

(c)

What is the quantity which should be recorded in the two experiments to determine the rate of the reaction?Apakah kuantiti yang sepatutnya direkodkan di dalam kedua-dua eksperimen untuk menentukan kadar tindak balas?

[ 1 mark/markah]

(d)

State two fixed variables in these two experiments.Nyatakan dua pemboleh ubah yang dimalarkan di dalam kedua-dua eksperimen.

1

__________________________________________________________________________________

2

__________________________________________________________________________________

[2 marks/markah]

(e)

(i)

Compare the rate of reaction in experiment I with that in experiment II.Explain your answer based on the factor which affects the rate of reaction.Bandingkan kadar tindak balas di dalam eksperimen I dengan eksperimen II.Terangkan jawapan kamu berdasarkan factor yang mempengarui kadar tindak balas.

[ 2 marks/markah]

(ii)

Explain your answer in (e)(i) with reference to the collision theory.Terangkan jawapan kamu di dalam (e)(i) dengan merujuk kepada teori perlanggaran.

[ 3 marks/markah]

2.Five sets of experiment are conducted to study the eff ect of temperature on the rate of reaction. 50 cm3 of 0.2 mol dm3 sodium thiosulphate at 35C are poured into a conical flask. The conical flask is then placed on a sheet of white paper with an X mark on it as shown in the diagram below.

Lima set eksperimen telah dijalankan untuk mengkaji kesan suhu pada kadar tindak balas. 50 cm3 larutan natrium tiosulfat 0.2 mol dm3 pada 35C dituang ke dalam satu kelalang kon. Kelalang kon tersebut diletakkan di atas kertas putih yang bertanda X seperti ditunjukkan pada rajah di bawah.

DIAGRAM/RAJAH

10 cm3 of 0.2 mol dm3 hydrochloric acid are added to the sodium thiosulphate solution and a stopwatch is started immediately. Th e mixture in the conical flask is swirled. The stopwatch is stopped as soon as the X mark is no longer visible.The experiment is repeated by changing only the temperature, as shown in the table below.10 cm3 asid hidroklorik 0.2 mol dm3 ditambah ke dalam larutan natrium tiosulfat dan jam randik dimulakan dengan segera. Campuran dalam kelalang kon digoncang. Jam randik dihentikan sebaik sahaja tanda X tidak kelihatan lagi.

Eksperimen ini diulang dengan hanya mengubah suhu, seperti ditunjukkan pada jadual di bawah.

TABLE/JADUAL

(a)

Why does X mark disappear slowly aft er the hydrochloric acid is added to the sodium thiosulphate solution in the conical fl ask?Mengapa tanda X hilang perlahan-lahan selepas asid hidroklorik ditambah pada larutan natrium tiosulfat di dalam kelalang kon?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

[1 mark/1 markah]

(b)

Calculate the values of 1/time in the table above.Hitung nilai 1/masa pada jadual di atas.

[1 mark/1 markah]

(c)

Draw a graph of temperature against 1/time.Lukis satu graf suhu lawan 1/masa.

[3 marks/3 markah]

(d)

Write an ionic equation for this reaction.Tulis satu persamaan ionik bagi tindak balas ini._____________________________________________________________________________________

[2 marks/2 markah]

(e)

Based on the graph drawn in (d), determine the time taken in set 4.Berdasarkan graf yang dilukis dalam (d), tentukan masa yang diambil dalam set 4._____________________________________________________________________________________

[2 marks/2 markah]

Based on the graph drawn in (d), state the relationship between the temperature and the rate of reaction.Berdasarkan graf yang dilukis dalam (d), nyatakan perhubungan antara suhu dan kadar tindak balas._____________________________________________________________________________________

[1 mark/1 markah]

Suggest one other method to increase the rate of reaction.Cadangkan satu kaedah lain untuk meningkatkan kadar tindak balas.

_____________________________________________________________________________________

[1 mark/1 markah]

3.Diagrambelow shows two sets of apparatus set up in an experiment to study one of the factors affecting the rate of reaction between sodium thiosulphate and dilute sulphuric acid.Rajahdi bawahmenunjukkan dua set susunan radas di dalam satu eksperimen yang dijalankan untuk mengkaji salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas antara natrium tiosulfat dengan asid sulfurik cair.

Diagram/Rajah

(a)

Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction in this experiment.Tuliskan persamaan kimia yang seimbang bagi tindak balas dalam eksperimen ini.

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

[2 marks/2 markah]

(b)

What is the measurement that needs to be recorded for both sets of apparatus to determine the rates of reaction?Apakah pengukuran yang perlu direkodkan bagi kedua-dua susunan radas ini untuk menentukan kadar tindak balas?

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

[1 mark/1 markah]

(c)

(i)

By using the data given in the diagram, compare the rates of reaction in set A and set B. Explain your answer based on the factor affecting the rate of reaction.Dengan menggunakan data yang diberikan di dalam rajah, bandingkan kadar tindak balas di set A dan B. Terangkan jawapan anda berdasarkan faktor yang mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas.

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

[2 marks/2 markah]

(ii)

Explain the answer in (c) (i) with reference to the collision theory.Jelaskan jawapan anda di (c) (i) dengan merujuk kepada teori perlanggaran.

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

[3 marks/3 markah]

(d)

State another factor that can increase the rate of reaction in the above experiment.Nyatakan faktor lain yang dapat meningkatkan kadar tindak balas bagi eksperimen di atas.

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

[1 mark/1 markah]

4.Diagrambelow shows some reactions involving organic compounds.Rajahdi bawahmenunjukkan tindak balas kimia bagi sebatian organik.

Diagram/Rajah

(a)

(i)

Name the homologous series to which compound C belongs.Namakan siri homolog bagi sebatian C.

__________________________________________________________________________________

[1 mark/1 markah]

(ii)

Write the general formula of this homologous series.Tulis formula am bagi siri homolog ini.

__________________________________________________________________________________

[1 mark/1 markah]

(b)

Name compounds A and B.Namakan sebatian A dan B.

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

[2 marks/2 markah]

(c)

Name the functional groups that are present in compounds A and C.Namakan kumpulan berfungsi yang ada di dalam sebatian A dan C.

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

[2 marks/2 markah]

(d)

Explain why the members of the homologous series to which compound B belongs are known as saturated hydrocarbons.Terangkan mengapa siri homolog sebatian B dikenali sebagai hidrokarbon tepu.

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

[2 marks/2 markah]

(e)

Name the type of reaction that is involved in the transformation of A to B.Namakan jenis tindak balas yang terlibat dalam pertukaran A ke B.

_____________________________________________________________________________________

[1 mark/1 markah]

(f)

What is the function of H3PO4 in the transformation of A to C?Apakah fungsi H3PO4 dalam pertukaran A ke C?

_____________________________________________________________________________________

[1 mark/1 markah]

5.Diagram/Rajah(a)

Give two observations for the chemical reaction that took place.Berikan dua pemerhatian bagi tindak balas kimia yang berlaku.

1. __________________________________________________________________________________

2. __________________________________________________________________________________

[2 marks/markah]

(b)

Write the equations for the half-reaction at the electrodes.Tuliskan persamaan bagi tindak balas separuh pada elektrod.

Anode: _____________________________________________________________________________Anod:

Cathode: ____________________________________________________________________________Katod:

[2 marks/markah]

(c)

Describe the transfer of electrons at the electrodes.Huraikan pemindahan electron pada elektrod.

Anode: _____________________________________________________________________________Anod:

Cathode: ____________________________________________________________________________Katod:

[2 marks/markah]

(d)

Would you expect the same results if the silver nitrate solution is replaced with copper(II) sulphate solution and the silver electrodes are replaced with carbon electrodes?Explain your answer.Adakah anda akan jangkakan keputusan yang sama jika larutan argentum nitrat digantikan dengan larutan kuprum(II) sulfat dan elektrod argentum digantikan dengan elektrod karbon?Terangkan jawapan kamu.

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

[3 marks/markah]

6.Diagrambelow shows the apparatus set up to show the reaction between chlorine and potassium bromide.Rajahdi bawahmenunjukkan susunan radas suatu eksperimen antara klorin dan kalium bromida.

Diagram /Rajah

(a)

Why is tetrachloromethane used in the experiment?Mengapakah tetraklorometana digunakan dalam eksperimen ini?

[1 mark/markah]

(b)

State the observation at X and Y.Nyatakan pemerhatian pada X dan Y.

[2 marks/markah]

(c)

Based on your answer in (b), what inference can be drawn from the experiment?Berdasarkan jawapan anda di (b), berikan inferens bagi eksperimen ini.

[2 marks/markah]

(d)

(i)

Which substance is oxidised?Bahan manakah yang dioksidakan?

[1 mark/markah]

(ii)

What substance acts as an oxidising agent?Apakah bahan yang bertindak sebagai agen pengoksidaan?

[1 mark/markah]

(iii)

Write an ionic equation to represent the oxidation reaction.Berikan persamaan ion bagi menunjukkan tindak balas pengoksidaan ini.

[1 mark/markah]

(e)

The experiment is then repeated with potassium iodide solution and chlorine.Eksperimen ini diulang dengan kalium iodida dan klorin.

(i)

What will be observed in the experiment?Apakah yang akan diperhatikan dalam eksperimen ini?

[1 mark/markah]

(ii)

What is the change in the oxidation number of iodine?Apakah perubahan nombor pengoksidaan bagi iodin?

[1 mark/markah]

Section BBahagian B

[20 marks][20 markah]

Answer any one questionsfrom this section.Jawab mana-manasatu soalandaripada bahagian ini.

7.(a)

(i)

What is meant by rate of reaction?Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan kadar tindak balas?

[2 marks/2 markah]

Vanadium(V) oxide is used as a catalyst in Contact process for the industrial preparation of sulphuric acid.Vanadium(V) oksida digunakan sebagai mangkin dalam proses Sentuh dalam industri penghasilan asid sulfurik.

(ii)

Based on the above statement, state three properties of a chemical catalyst.Berdasarkan penyataan di atas, nyatakan tiga ciri mangkin kimia.

[3 marks/3 markah]

(iii)

What other conditions are needed for the Contact Process?Apakah syarat lain yang diperlukan untuk Proses Sentuh?

[1 mark/1 markah]

(b)

By using the collision theory, explain the function of a catalyst in a chemical reaction.Dengan menggunakan teori perlanggaran, terangkan peranan mangkin dalam sesuatu tindak balas kimia.

[4 marks/4 markah]

(c)

With the help of a diagram, explain an experiment to show the effect of catalyst on the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide in the laboratory.Dengan menggunakan bantuan gambar rajah, huraikan satu eksperimen untuk menunjukkan kesan mangkin ke atas penguraian hidrogen peroksida dalam makmal.

[10 marks/10 markah]

8.(a)

The table below shows some information on compound X.

Jadual di bawah menunjukkan maklumat tentang sebatian X.

TABLE/JADUAL

Based on the information,Berdasarkan maklumat tersebut,

i.

determine the molecular formula of compound X.tentukan formula molekul bagi sebatian X.ii.

Draw the structural formula of X.Lukis formula struktur X.

[Relative atomic mass: H, 1; C, 12; O, 16][Jisim atom relatif: H, 1; C, 12; O, 16]

[5 marks/5 markah]

(b)

By referring to suitable examples, explain what is meant by homologous series.Merujuk contoh-contoh yang sesuai, terangkan apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan siri homolog.

[5 marks/5 markah]

(c)

The diagrambelow shows that an alcohol can be converted to an alkene through dehydration.

Rajahdi bawahmenunjukkan suatu alkohol boleh ditukarkan kepada suatu alkena melalui pendehidratan.

DIAGRAM/RAJAH

Name an alcohol and describe a laboratory experiment to derive an alkene from the alcohol. Your explanation must including the following:Namakan satu contoh alkohol dan terangkan satu eksperimen di makmal untuk mendapatkan alkena dari satu alkohol. Penerangan kamu mesti mengandungi perkara berikut:

Procedures of the experimentsProsedur eksperimen

A labelled diagram showing the apparatus set-upRajah berlabel menunjukkan susunan radas

The equation for the reactionPersamaan bagi tindak balas

[10 marks/10 markah]

Section CBahagian C

[20 marks][20 markah]

Answer any one questionsfrom this section.Jawab mana-manasatu soalandaripada bahagian ini.

9.Diagrambelow shows two bottles of organic compounds labelled A and B. A is a (saturated hydrocarbon) and B is hexene (unsaturated hydrocarbon).Rajahdi bawahmenunjukkan dua botol sebatian organik dilabelkan sebagai A dan B. A adalah heksana hidrokarbon tepu dan B adalah heksena hidrokarbon tak tepu.

Diagram/Rajah

(a)

Based on Diagram above, what is meant by saturated hydrocarbon?Berdasarkan kepada Rajah di atas, apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan hidrokarbon tepu?

[2 marks/2 markah]

(b)

Describe how you would carry out a chemical test to differentiate between compound A and compound B. Give chemical equation for the reaction that occurs.Terangkan bagaimana anda boleh melakukan ujian kimia untuk membezakan sebatian A dan B. Berikan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas yang berlaku.

[8 marks/8 markah]

(c)

State the observation when acidifi ed potassium manganate(VII) solution is added compound B.Nyatakan pemerhatian bagi tindak balas sekiranya kalium permanganat berasid ditindakbalaskan dengan sebatian B.

[1 mark/1 markah]

(d)

Explain what is meant by isomer and draw the possible isomers of compound A.Terangkan apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan isomer dan lukiskan isomer yang mungkin bagi sebatian A.

[5 marks/5 markah]

(e)

Explain why compound B is more reactive than compound A.Terangkan kenapa sebatian B lebih reaktif dari sebatian A.

[4 marks/4 markah]

10.(a)

Potassium manganate(VII) is a strong oxidising agent while potassium iodide is a strong reducing agent. Explain, using a suitable reaction, how the two substances are used to identify the presence of iron(II) ion and chlorine gas. [10 ]Kalium manganat(VII) adalah agen pengoksidaan yang lemah sementara kalium iodide adalah agen penurunan yang kuat. Terangkan, dengan menggunakan tindak balas yang sesuai,bagaimana dua bahan untuk mengenalpasti kehadiran ion ferum(II) dan gas korin.

[ 10 marks/markah]

(b)

Objects are electroplated to protect them from corrosion. Explain, using appropriate diagram and equation, the process to electroplate an iron spoon with copper.Objek disadurkan untuk melindunginya daripda berkarat. Terangkan, dengan menggunakan rajah dan persamaan yang sesuai,proses untuk penyaduran satu sudu besi dengan kuprum.

[ 10 marks/markah]

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