[LABTEK] LAPORAN FLUIDISASI

8/17/2019 [LABTEK] LAPORAN FLUIDISASI

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LAPORAN PRAKTIKUM LABORATORIUM TEKNIK KIMIA 2

FLUIDISASI

Dosen Pembimbing:

Kelompok / Kelas : V / 2A-TKPB

Nama : 1. Desi Be!a" # NIM. 1$1$2$%%&

2. Dii Ok!a'ia!i NIM. 1$1$2$%1%

(. )*i+a,is Vas*a I. NIM. 1$1$2$%1(

$. I!a N,aia* R. NIM. 1$1$2$%10

PROGRAM STUDI DIPLOMA IV TEKNIK KIMIA PRODUKSI BERSIH

JURUSAN TEKNIK KIMIA

POLITEKNIK NEGERI BANDUNG

2!"

Pe#$%s$n$$n P&$%'i%(m : ( Mei 2%1

Pen)e&$*$n L$+o&$n : 1% Mei 2%1



BAB I

PENDAHULUAN

!,!, L$'$& Be#$%$ng

li3isasi a3ala* sa! +eomea 4e,4a*5a si+a! sa! pa3a!a 6bed 7 3alam

sa! ,eak!o, me8a3i 4e,si+a! sepe,!i +li3a 3ika,eaka a3a5a ali,a +li3a ke

3alam5a9 4aik 4e,pa lii3 map "as. ;ika sa! ali,a 3a,a mele<a!i pa,!ikel

"" 5a" a3a 3alam !a4"9 maka ali,a !e,se4! aka mem4e,ika "a5a se,e!

6drag force7 pa3a pa,!ikel 3a meim4lka pressure drop sepa8a" "". Pressure

drop aka aik 8ika ke=epa!a superficial aik.

Ke=epa!a superfisial a3ala* la8 ali, 3a,a pa3a kolom 5a" koso"9 se3a"ka

ke=epa!a interstitial a3ala* ke=epa!a 3a,a 3i a!a,a pa,!ikel "". Pa3a ke=epa!a

superfisial ,e3a*9 " mla-mla 3iam. ;ika ke=epa!a superfisial 3iaikka maka

pa3a sa! saa! "a5a se,e! +li3a me5e4a4ka "" me"em4a" 3a me5e4a4ka

!a*aa !e,*a3ap ali,a 3a,a me"e=il9 sampai ak*i,5a "a5a se,e! !e,se4! =kp

!k me3k" "a5a 4e,a! pa,!ikel "". >al ii me5e4a4ka ""

!e,+li3isasi 3a sis!em soli3-+li3a me8kka si+a!-si+a! sepe,!i +li3a. Ke=epa!a

spe,+isial !e,e3a* 5a" 3i4!*ka a"a, !e,8a3i +li3isasi 3ise4! minimum

fluidization velocity 6Um+ 7. li3isasi 4e,*4"a 3e"a 4a5ak p,oses i3s!,i kimia9

misal5a 3alam p,oses ka!alisasi map 3alam p,oses pem,ia "as. P,oses +li3isasiii memiliki 4e4e,apa *al pe!i" 5a" *a,s 3ipe,*a!ika9 sepe,!i 8eis 3a !ipe

+li3isasi9 aplikasi 3alam i3s!,i se,!a spesi+ikasi 3a =a,a ke,8a ala!5a.

Aplikasi +li3isasi 3alam p,oses i3s!,i sa"a! 4a5ak. >al ii 3imlai pa3a

!a* 1&2 !k Gasifier Winkler 4e,skala 4esa, lal Fluidized-bed Catalytic

Cracking 6??7 =,3e oil me8a3i 4esi pa3a !a* 1&$2. Aplikasi !e,se4! semaki

4e,kem4a" 3a pa3a !a* 1&&% 3apa! 3iklasi+ikasika me8a3i p,oses-p,oses kimia

ka!ali!ik 6sepe,!i ?? 3a si!esis is=*e,-T,ops=*79 p,oses-p,oses kimia oka!ali!ik

6sepe,!i thermal cracking 3a "asi+ikasi 4a!4a,a79 3a p,oses-p,oses +isik 6sepe,!i

pe"e,i"a 3a a4so,psi7. @elai i!9 +li3isasi ko!i 4a5ak 3ima+aa!ka 3alam

pa4,ik pe"ola*a !k memi3a*ka pa3a!a 3a,i sa! !empa! ke !empa! lai.

Dalam p,ak!ikm kali ii ma*asis<a aka melakka pe,=o4aa +li3isasi ii

se*i""a ma*asis<a 3apa! me"e!a*i apa i! +li3isasi9 +ak!o,-+ak!o, 5a"

mempe"a,*i +li3isasi se,!a kele4i*a 3a kek,a"a 3a,i +li3isasi !e,se4! 4ila

3iaplikasika ke 3alam 4i3a" pe,i3s!,ia.

!,2, T(-($n Pe&.ob$$nA3ap !8a 3a,i pe,=o4aa ii a3ala*:



a. Mee!ka k,'a ka,ak!e,is!ik +li3isasi9 5ai! k,'a 5a" me""am4a,ka

*4"a P "" 3e"a U

4. Mee!ka ke=epa!a +li3isasi miimm

=. Me"e!a*i +eomea-+eomea 5a" !e,8a3i selama ope,asi +li3isasi 4e,la"s"

se=a,a 'isal.

!,/, M$n0$$' Pe&.ob$$n

a. Dapa! me"e!a*i =a,a ke,8a 3a,i +li3isasi

4. Dapa! me"e!a*i +eomea-+eomea 5a" !e,8a3i pa3a saa! pe,=o4aa

=. Dapa! me"e!a*i =a,a ke,8a ala! maome!e,.



BAB 2

TINJAUAN PUSTAKA

2,!, Fenomen$ F#(i1is$si

;ika sa! ali,a 3a,a mele<a!i sa! pa,!ikel "" 5a" a3a 3alam !a4"9

maka ali,a !e,se4! aka mem4e,ika "a5a se,e! 6drag force7 pa3a pa,!ikel 3a

mem4e,ika pressure drop sepa8a" "". P,ess,e 3,op aka aik 8ika ke=epa!a

superficial aik 6ke=epa!a spe,+i=ial a3ala* ke=epa!a ali,a 8ika !a4" koso"7.

Pa3a ke=epa!a superficial ,e3a*9 "" mla-mla 3iam. ;ika ke=epa!a

superficial 3iaikka maka pa3a sa! saa! "a5a se,e! +li3a me5e4a4ka ""

me"em4a" 3a !a*aa !e,*a3ap ali,a 3a,a me"e=il9 sampai ak*i,5a "a5a se,e!

!e,se4! =kp !k me3k" "a5a 4e,a! pa,!ikel "" 3a "" aka

!e,+li3isasi.

@eme!a,a i!9 pressure drop aka !e!ap <alap ke=epa!a superficial !e,s

3iaikka 3a sama 3e"a 4e,a! e+ek!i+ "" pe,sa!a las. Ke=epa!a spe,+i=ial

!e,e3a* 5a" 3i4!*ka !k !e,8a3i5a +li3isasi 3ise4! Minimum Fluidization

Velocity 6Um+ 7.

Kosep 3asa, 3a,i sa! pa,!ikel "" 5a" !e,+li3isasi 3apa! 32ls!,asika

3e"a +eomea 5a" !e,8a3i saa! a3a5a pe,4a*a la8 ali, "as sepe,!i pa3a "am4a,

3i 4a<a* ii:

)am4a, 2.1.1. eomea +li3isasi 3e"a 'a,iasi la8 ali, "as



eomea +li3isasi pa3a sis!em "as-pa3a! 8"a 3apa! 32ls!,asika pa3a "am4a,

4e,ik! ii:

)am4a, 2.1.2. eomea +li3isasi pa3a sis!em "as-pa3a!

A3ap +eomea-+eomea 5a" 3apa! !e,8a3i pa3a p,oses +li3isasi9 a!a,a lai:

!, Fenomen$ fixed bed !e,8a3i ke!ika la8 ali, +li3a k,a" 3a,i la8 miimm 5a"

3i4!*ka !k p,oses a<al +li3isasi. Pa3a ko3isi ii pa,!ikel pa3a!a !e!ap

3iam. Ko3isi ii 3i!8kka pa3a "am4a,.

)am4a, 2.1.(. eomea fi!ed bed

2, Fenomen$ minimum or incipient fluidization !e,8a3i ke!ika la8 ali, +li3a

me=apai la8 ali, miimm 5a" 3i4!*ka !k p,oses +li3isasi. Pa3a ko3isi

ii pa,!ikelpa,!ikel pa3a! mlai !e,ekspasi. Ko3isi ii 3i!8kka pa3a "am4a,.

)am4a, 2.1.$. eomea minimum or incipient fluidization

/, Fenomen$ smooth or homogenously fluidization9 !e,8a3i saa! ke=epa!a 3a

3is!,i4si ali,a +li3a me,a!a9 3esi!as 3a 3is!,i4si pa,!ikel 3alam "" sama

a!a *omo"e5 se*i""a ekspasi pa3a se!iap pa,!ikel pa3a!a se,a"am. Ko3isi ii

3i!8kka pa3a "am4a,.



)am4a, 2.1.. eomea smooth or homogenously fluidization

, Fenomen$ bubbling fluidization 5a" !e,8a3i ke!ika "elem4"C"elem4" pa3a

"" !e,4e!k aki4a! 3esi!as 3a 3is!,i4si pa,!ikel !i3ak *omo"e. Ko3isi ii


)am4a, 2.1.. eomea bubbling fluidization

3, Fenomen$ slugging fluidization9 !e,8a3i ke!ika "elem4"-"elem4" 4esa, 5a"

me=apai le4a, 3a,i 3iame!e, kolom !e,4e!k pa3a pa,!ikel-pa,!ikel pa3a!. Pa3a

ko3isi ii !e,8a3i peolaka se*i""a pa,!ikel-pa,!ikel pa3a! sepe,!i !e,a"ka!.

Ko3isi ii 3apa! 3ili*a! pa3a "am4a,.

)am4a, 2.1.. eomea slugging fluidization

", Fenomen$ chanelling fluidization9 !e,8a3i ke!ika 3alam "" pa,!ikel pa3a!a

!e,4e!k sal,a-sal,a sepe,!i !a4" 'e,!ikal. Ko3isi ii 3i!8kka pa3a

"am4a,.

)am4a, 2.1.0. eomea chanelling fluidization

4, Fenomen$ disperse fluidization !e,8a3i saa! ke=epa!a ali, +li3a melampai

ke=epa!a maksimm ali,a +li3a. Pa3a +eomea ii se4a"ia pa,!ikel aka



!e,4a<a ali,a +li3a 3a 4e,ekspasi me=apai ilai maksimm. Ko3isi ii


)am4a, 2.1.&. eomea disperse fluidization

eomea-+eomea +li3isasi !e,se4! sa"a! 3ipe"a,*i ole* +ak!o,-+ak!o,

4e,ik!:

a. La8 ali, +li3a 3a 8eis +li3a 4. Uk,a pa,!ikel 3a 4e!k pa,!ikel

=. ;eis 3a 3esi!as pa,!ikel se,!a +ak!o, i!e,lok a!a, pa,!ikel

3. Po,osi!as ""

e. Dis!,i4si ali,a9

+. Dis!,i4si 4e!k k,a +li3a

". Diame!e, kolom

*. Ti""i "".

ak!o,-+ak!o, 3i a!as me,paka 'a,ia4el-'a,ia4el 3alam p,oses +li3isasi 5a"

aka mee!ka ka,ak!e,is!ik p,oses +li3isasi !e,se4!. @elai i!9 +eomea pa3a"am4a, 2.1.2. 3apa! 3i8elaska melali pe,samaa Be,olli 3e"a ali,a lamie,

se4a"ai 4e,ik!9 5ai!:

6 1 7

Pa3a "am4a, 2.1.2.9 !e,li*a! 4a*<a pe,4e3aa !ekaa sepa8a" "" se=a,a

liea, 4e,4a3i" l,s 3e"a la8 ali, 'olme!,ik selama +li3isasi 4elm !e,=apai.

;ika pa3a!a 4e,pa pa,!ikel sepe,!i pasi,9 ke!a*aa pa,!ikel !e,se4! !e,*a3ap

ali,a +li3a aka me, 3e"a mei"ka!5a po,osi!as pa,!ikel !e,se4!.

Pe"k,a P pa3a sepa8a" "" 3apa! 3i5a!aka 3e"a pe,samaa se4a"ai

4e,ik!:

6 2 7



Bila Vs mei"ka!9 mei"ka! 3a P 3i8a"a a"a, kos!a. Dalam *al ii !

8"a aka mei"ka!9 aka !e!api pe"a,* 3a,i keaika ! ii le4i* ke=il

3i4a3i"ka pe"a,* 5a" 3i!im4lka ole* pe,4a*a . A3ap *4"a ! P

3a ke=epa!a ali,a +li3a 3apa! 3ili*a! pa3a "am4a, 3i 4a<a* ii.

U!k ke=epa!a 5a" k,a" 3a,i ke=epa!a +li3isasi miimm 6 Um+ 7 maka

"" aka 4e,pe,ilak se4a"ai packed bed . Nam9 8ika ke=epa!a ali,a +li3a

3iaikka mele4i*i Um+9 maka !i3ak *a5a "" 5a" !e,a"ka!9 !e!api pa,!ikel aka

4e,"e,ak 3a aka sali" 4e,4e!,a sa! sama lai 3a ak*i,5a kesel,*a massa

pa,!ikel aka me8a3i +li3a.

)am4a, 2.1.1%. ),a+ik "ransition from packed bed to fluidized bed

@elama +li3isasi9 pe,a !ekaa sepa8a" "" aka !e!ap <alap

ke=epa!a spe,+isial !e,s 3iaikka 3a sama 3e"a 4e,a! e+ek!i+ "" pe,sa!a

las:

6 ( 7

3imaa: m F massa pa,!ikel

G p F 3esi!as pa,!ikel

@ 4 F las a,ea ""

G+ F 3esi!as +li3a

g = percepatan gravitasi



;ika la8 ali, ke "" !e,+li3isasi 3i!,ka 4e,!a*ap9 pe,a !ekaa aka

!e!ap kos!a 3a !i""i "" aka 4e,k,a".#alap 3emikia9 !i""i ""

!e,ak*i, aka le4i* 4esa, 3a,ipa3a !i""i mla-mla !k fi!ed bed . >al ii

3ika,eaka soli3 3i 3alam !a4" =e3e," 4e,kmpl le4i* ,apa! 3a,ipa3a 8ika solid

3iam se=a,a 4e,!a*ap 3a,i kea3aa !e,+li3isasi. Pe,a !ekaa pa3a la8 ali, ,e3a*

le4i* ke=il 3a,ipa3a ilai a<al 3i fi!ed bed . U"" 5a" !e,+li3isasi aka 4e,si+a!

me5e,pai lii39 3ia!a,a5a:

• Be3a 5a" le4i* ,i"a aka me"ap" 3i a!as "" 6 5ai! 4e3a-4e3a 5a"

3esi!as5a le4i* ke=il 3a,ipa3a 3esi!as bulk "" 7

• Pe,mkaa aka !e!ap *o,io!al 4a*ka 3alam "" 5a" mi,i"

• @oli3 3apa! me"ali, melali 4kaa 3i kolom sama sepe,!i lii3

• U"" memiliki !ekaa s!a!is ka,ea ",a'i!asi9 ilai5a se4esa, Go"*

• Ke!i""ia a!a,a 3a "" !e,+li3isasi 5a" se,pa sama 3e"a !ekaa s!a!ik

me,eka.

2,2, Jenis5Jenis F#(i1is$si

2,2,!, F#(i1is$si P$&'i%(#$'

Dalam +li3isasi pasi, 3e"a ai,9 pa,!ikel-pa,!ikel 4e,"e,ak me8a* sa!

sama lai 3a "e,aka5a 4e,!am4a* *e4a! 3e"a mei"ka!5a ke=epa!a9

!e!api 3esi!as "" ,a!a-,a!a pa3a sa! ke=epa!a !e,!e! sama 3i sema

4a"ia "". P,oses ii 3ise4! +li3isasi pa,!ikla! 3a 4e,=i,ika ekspasi

*ampa,a 5a" =kp 4esa, !e!api se,a"am pa3a ke=epa!a !i""i. 6 M=?a4e9

1&0:11 7

Aka !e!api9 !i3ak sema +li3a lii3 pas!i me"*asilka +li3isasi

pa,!ikla!9 *al ii 3ipe"a,*i ole* pe,4e3aa 3esi!as. Dalam kass 3imaa

3esi!as +li3a 3a soli3 !i3ak !e,lal 4e,4e3a9 k,a pa,!ikel ke=il9 3a

ke=epa!a ali,a +li3a ,e3a*9 "" aka !e,li3isasi me,a!a 3e"a !iap

pa,!ikel 4e,"e,ak se3i,i-se3i,i mele<a!i 8al, 4e4as ,a!a-,a!a 6 mean free path 7



5a" ,ela!i+ sama. ase pa3a! ii memiliki 4a5ak ka,ak!e,is!ik lii3 3a

3ise4! +li3isasi pa,!ikla!.

Pa3a +li3isasi pa,!ikla!9 ekspasi 5a" !e,8a3i a3ala* se,a"am 3a

pe,samaa E,"9 5a" 4e,lak !k "" 3iam9 3apa! 3ika!aka masi*

4e,lak !k "" 5a" a"ak me"em4a". A3aika ali,a 3i a!a,a

pa,!ikel-pa,!ikel i! a3ala* lamia,9 pe,samaa 5a" 4e,lak !k *ampa,a

5a" me"alami ekspasi a3ala* 6 M=?a4e9 1&0:12 7:

6 $ 7

2,2,2, F#(i1is$si Ag&eg$' 6 F#(i1is$si Ge#emb(ng

U"" 5a" 3i+li3isasika 3e"a 3a,a 4iasa5a me8kka

+li3isasi a",e"a!. Pa3a ke=epa!a spe,+isial 5a" 8a* mele4i*i Um+9

ke4a5aka "as aka mele<a!i "" se4a"ai "elem4" a!a ,o""a-,o""a

koso" 5a" !i3ak 4e,isika a! pa3a! 3a *a5a se4a"ia ke=il "as 5a"

me"ali, 3alam sal,a-sal,a 5a" !e,4e!k 3i a!a,a pa,!ikel. )elem4"

5a" !e,4e!k 4e,pe,ilak *ampi, sama 3e"a "elem4" 3a,a 3i 3alam ai,

a!a "elem4" ap 3i 3alam a! =ai, 5a" me3i3i*9 3a ka,ea i! +li3isasi

8eis ii se,i" 3ise4! +li3isasi 3i3i* 6 boiling bed 7. 6 M=?a4e9 1&0:11 7

)elem4"-"elem4" 5a" !e,4e!k =e3e," 4e,sa! 3a me8a3i

4esa, pa3a <ak! aik melali *ampa,a +li3isasi i!. ;ika kolom 5a"

3i"aka 4e,3iame!e, ke=il 3e"a *ampa,a a! pa3a! 5a" !e4al9 "elem4"

i! m"ki 4e,kem4a" *i""a meme*i sel,* peampa". )elem4"-

"elem4" 5a" 4e,i,i"a lal 4e,"e,ak ke p=ak kolom !e,pisa* 3a,i a!

pa3a! 5a" seaka-aka !e,sm4a!. Pe,is!i<a ii 3ise4! pe5m4a!a 6

slugging 7. 6 M=?a4e9 1&0:11 7

Pe5ama,a!aa 4a*<a +li3a "as pas!i me"*asilka +li3isasi "elem4"

!i3ak sepe*5a 4ea,. Pe,4e3aa 3esi!as me,paka pa,ame!e, 5a" pe!i".

Pa3a kass 3imaa 3esi!as +li3a 3a soli3 4e,4e3a 8a* a!a k,a pa,!ikel

4esa,9 ke=epa!a ali,a +li3a 5a" 3i4!*ka le4i* 4esa, 3a +li3isasi 5a"



!e,8a3i !i3ak me,a!a. @e4a"ia 4esa, +li3a mele<a!i "" 3alam 4e!k

"elem4" 6 bubbles 7. Di sii9 "" memiliki 4a5ak ka,ak!e,is!ik lii3

3e"a +asa +li3a !e,8a3i pa3a saa! "as me""elem4" mele<a!i "".

li3isasi 8eis ii 3ise4! +li3isasi a",e"a!.

Pa,!ikel "" 5a" le4i* ,i"a9 le4i* *als9 3a 4e,si+a! ko*esi+ sa"a!

ska, !e,+li3isasi ka,ea "a5a !a,ik a!a,pa,!ikel le4i* 4esa, 3a,ipa3a "a5a

se,e!5a. Pa,!ikel =e3e," meleka! sa! sama lai 3a "as meem4s ""

3e"a mem4e!k channel# Pe"em4a"a 'olme "" 3alam +li3isasi

"elem4" !e,!ama 3ise4a4ka ole* 'olme 5a" 3ipakai ole* "elem4" ap9

ka,ea +ase ,apa! pa3a mm5a !i3ak 4e,ekspasi 3e"a pei"ka!a ali,a.

Dalam pe,a 4e,ik! ii9 ali,a "as melali +ase ,apa! 3ia3aika sama

3e"a Um+ 3ikalika 3e"a +,aksi "" 5a" 32si ole* +ase ,apa!9 3i!am4a*

sisa ali,a "as 5a" 3i4a<a ole* "elem4" 6 M=?a4e9 1&0:1$ 79 se*i""a:

6 7

3imaa: + 4 F +,aksi "" 5a" 32si "elem4"

4 F ke=epa!a ,a!a-,a!a "elem4"

Dalam +li3isasi a",e"a!9 +li3a aka mem4a! "elem4" pa3a pa3a!a

"" 3alam !i"ka* lak 5a" k*ss. )elem4" +li3a mei"ka! melali

"" 3a pe=a* pa3a pe,mkaa "" 3a aka !e8a3i H splashing 3imaa

pa,!ikel "" aka 4e,"e,ak ke a!as. @ei,i" 3e"a mei"ka!5a ke=epa!a

+li3a9 pe,ilak "elem4" aka 4e,!am4a* 4esa,.

Ke4e,a3aa +li3isasi pa,!ikla! a!a a",e"a!i+ me,paka *asil 3a,i

pe"a,* "a5a ",a'i!asi pa3a +asa-+asa 5a" a3a 3alam "" !e,+li3isasi 3a

8"a ka,ea mekaika +li3a ,a* 3a,i sis!em. A"ka ,o3e9 9 5ai! ,asio

a!a,a kie!ik 3e"a ee,"i ",a'i!asi me,paka sala* sa! k,i!e,ia pee!

8eis +li3isasi apa 5a" !e,8a3i.



2,2,/, F#(i1is$si Kon'in(

Bila ke=epa!a +li3a melali *ampa,a a! pa3a! =kp 4esa,9 maka

sema pa,!ikel 3alam *ampa,a i! aka !e,4a<a ik! ole* +li3a *i""a

mem4e,ika sa! +li3isasi ko!i. P,isip +li3isasi ii !e,!ama 3i!e,apka

3alam pe"a"k!a a! pa3a! 3a,i sa! !i!ik ke !i!ik lai 3alam sa! pa4,ik

pe"ola*a 3i sampi" a3a 4e4e,apa ,eak!o, "as a! pa3a! lama 5a" 4eke,8a

3e"a p,isip ii. ?o!o*5a a3ala* 3alam !,apo,!asi lmp, 3a !,apo,!asi

pneumatic. 6 M=?a4e9 1&0:11 7

Ke!ika la8 ali, +asa +li3a mele<a!i ke=epa!a !e,mial pa,!ikel9 ""

!e,+li3isasi aka ke*ila"a i3e!i!as5a ka,ea pa,!ikel soli3 !e,4a<a 3alam

ali,a +li3a. Me!o3a pe"a"k!a ii se,i" 3i"aka 3alam i3s!,i9

4iasa5a 3e"a 3a,a se4a"ai +asa +li3a9 a!a,a lai !k me"a"k! p,o3k

3a,i pe"e,i" semp,o! 6 spray dryers7. Ke!"a me!o3a ii a3ala*

ke*ila"a 5a" !e,8a3i se3iki!9 p,oses5a 4e,si*9 3a kemampa5a !k

memi3a*ka se8mla* 4esa, soli3 3alam <ak! si"ka!. Te!api ke,"ia5a

a!a,a lai a3a kem"kia !e,8a3i ke,saka pa,!ikel soli3 se,!a ko,osi pa3a

pipa m"ki 4esa,.

Dalam +li3isasi9 ka,ea si+a!-si+a! pa,!ikel pa3a! 5a" me5e,pai si+a!

+li3a =ai, 3e"a 'iskosi!as !i""i9 me!o3e pe"o!aka +li3isasi memiliki

4e4e,apa ke!"a 3a ke,"ia.

2,/, Si0$' 1$n K$&$%'e&is'i% 1$&i P$&'i%e# Ungg(n

a# $kuran Partikel

Pa3a!a 3alam "" 5a" !e,+li3isasi !ak pe,a* sama 3alam k,a 3a

me"a= pa3a 3is!,i4si k,a pa,!ikel !e,se4!. U!k me"*i!" k,a pa,!ikel

,a!a-,a!a 3e"a me""aka 3iame!e, ,a!a-,a!a pe,mkaa.

6 7

3imaa: 3 p F 3iame!e, pa,!ikel ,a!a-,a!a 5a" se=a,a mm 3i"aka !k

3esai



3s' F 3iame!e, 3a,i sa! 4i3a"

b# %ensitas Padatan

Pa3a!a 3apa! 3i4e3aka me8a3i ( 4a"ia 4e,3asa,ka 3esi!as5a 5ai! bulk

skeletel 3a particle# Desi!as 4lk me,paka pe"k,a 4e,a! 3a,i kesel,*a

pa,!ikel 3i4a"i 3e"a 'olme pa,!ikel. Pe"k,a ii me5e,!aka +ak!o,

kekoso"a 3alam po,ipo,i pa,!ikel. &keletel a3ala* 3esi!as sa! pa3a!a 8ika

po,osi!as5a ol. A3ap 3esi!as pa,!ikel a3ala* 4e,a! 3a,i sa! pa,!ikel 3i4a"i

3e"a 'olme5a 3e"a me5e,!aka po,ipo,i. ;ika !i3ak a3a ilai !k 3esi!as

pa,!ikel9 maka pe3eka!a !k 3esi!as pa,!ikel 3apa! 3ipe,ole* 3e"a mem4a"i

3a 3esi!as 4lk.

c# Penurunan "ekanan

Pe,a !ekaa 5a" !e,8a3i pa3a =amp,a 3a +asa 3i5a!aka 3alam 4e,a"am

4e!k9 sepe,!i static head aksele,asi 3a ke*ila"a +,iksi !k "as 3a pa3a!a.

U!k aplikasi +li3isasi "" 3i la, ko3isi ke!ika aksele,asi pe,a !ekaa

3apa! 3i!e,ima9 pe,a !ekaa aka 3i*asilka 3a,i s!a!i= *ea3 pa3a!a. U!k

i!9 4e,a! sa! pa,!ikel "" 8ika 3i4a"i 3e"a !i""i pa3a!a aka

me"*asilka 3esi!as ses""*5a 3a,i "" 5a" !e,+li3isasi. o,mla5a

3i,mska se4a"ai 4e,ik!:

6 7

@ala* sa! aspek 5a" aka 3i!i8a 3alam pe,=o4aa ii a3ala* me"e!a*i

4esa,5a pe,a !ekaa 6 pressure drop 7 3i 3alam "" pa3a!a 5a"

!e,+li3aka. >al !e,se4! memp5ai a,!i 5a" =kp pe!i" ka,ea selai e,a!

sekali *4"a5a 3e"a 4esa,5a ee,"i 5a" 3ipe,lka9 8"a 4isa mem4e,ika

i3ikasi !e!a" kelaka "" selama ope,asi 4e,la"s". Pee!a 4esa,5a

*ila" !eka 3i 3alam "" !e,+li3aka !e,!ama 3i*i!" 4e,3asa,ka ,ms-

,ms 5a" 3i!,ka !k "" 3iam9 !e,!ama ole* Balke9 Koe59 ?a,ma9

a!ap peeli!i-peeli!i lai5a. Ko,elasi-ko,elasi ma!ema!ik 5a"

me""am4a,ka *4a"a a!a,a *ila" !eka 3e"a la8 ali, +li3a 3i 3alam

sa! sis!em "" 3iam 3ipe,ole* pe,!ama kali pa3a !a* 1&22 ole* Blake

melali me!o3e-me!o3e 5a" 4e,si+a! semi empi,is9 5ai! 3e"a me""aka



4ila"a-4ila"a !i3ak 4e,3imesi. U!k ali,a lamie, 3e"a ke*ila"a ee,"i

!e,!ama 3ise4a4ka ole* "a5a viscous Blake mem4e,ika *4"a :

6 0 7

3imaa:

JP/L F *ila" !eka pe, sa!a pa8a"/ !i""i ""

"= F +ak!o, ",a'i!asi

F 'iskosi!as +li3a

F po,osi!as "" 5a" 3i3e+iisika se4a"ai pe,4a3i"a 'olme ,a"

koso" 3i3alam "" 3e"a 'olme ""

F ke=epa!a ali, spe,+isial +li3a

@ F las pe,mkaa spesi+ik pa,!ikel

d# &phericity

&phericity me,paka +ak!o, 4e!k 5a" 3i5a!aka se4a"ai ,asio 3a,i a,ea

pe,mkaa 'olme pa,!ikel 4la! 5a" sama 3e"a pa,!ikel i! 3i4a"i 3e"a a,ea

pe,mkaa pa,!ikel.

6 & 7

Ma!e,ial 5a" meli"ka, sepe,!i ka!alis 3a pasi, 4la! memiliki ilai sphericity

se4esa, %.& a!a le4i*.

e# 'ecepatan Fluidisasi Minimum ( $ mf )

Ke=epa!a +li3isasi miimm a3ala* ke=epa!a spe,+i=ial !e,e3a* 5a"

3i4!*ka !k !e,8a3i5a +li3isasi. Um+ 3apa! 3i=a,i 3e"a me""aka

pe,samaa:

6 1% 7

Di maa 4ila"a A,=*imi3es 6 A, 7 a3ala* :

6 11 7

U!k memp,e3iksi Um+9 E," me,ka sa! ko,elasi 3e"a =a,a

me5amaka pressure drop pa3a saa! Um+ 3e"a 4e,a! "" pe,sa!a las 3a

3ipe,ole* pe,samaa se4a"ai 4e,ik!.



6 12 7

@k pe,!ama pe,samaa E," 3omia !k ali,a lamie, se3a"ka sk

ke3a 3omia pa3a ali,a !,4le. Pe"k,a Um+ 3apa! 3ipe,ole* 3a,i ",a+ik

P vs $ mf 5ai! sesai !i!ik po!o" a!a a!a,a 4a"ia k,'a 5a" 3a!a, sepe,!i 5a"

3i"am4a,ka pa3a "am4a, 2.1.1%..

f# 'ecepatan "erminal

Ke=epa!a !e,mial sa! pa,!ikel 6 U! 7 me,paka ke=epa!a "as 5a" 3i4!*ka

!k me"a!, pa,!ikel !""al 5a" !e,sspesi 3alam ali,a "as. Ke=epa!a

!e,mial sa! pa,!ikel 3i5a!aka 3alam pe,samaa:

6 1( 7

Dalam ali,a lamie, 3a me"ik!i >km @!okes:

6 1$ 7

Jadi, kecepatan terminal untuk partikel tunggal berbentuk bulat

adalah:

6 1 7

Dan untuk partikel besar dengan Cd = 0.43

6 1 7Pe,samaa ii me"i3ikasika 4a*<a !k pa,!ikel 5a" 4e,k,a ke=il

'iskosi!as me,paka +ak!o, 3omia se!iap "as 3a !k pa,!ikel 4e,k,a 4esa,

3esi!as me,paka +ak!o, 5a" !e,pe!i". Ke3a pe,samaa 3i a!as me"a4aika

"a5a a!a, pa,!ikel. @e=a,a mm ke=epa!a selip 6 Uselip 7 a!a ke=epa!a e+ek!i+

!e,mial !k pa,!ikel 3alam sspesi6 U! 7 a3ala*:

6 1 7



Kekoso"a f( ) 3a,i "" 5a" !e,+li3isasi a3ala* +,aksi mol 5a" !e,8a3i ole*

"as. "si ! 3apa! 3i5a!aka 3e"a pe3eka!a Koe5-?*a,ma 4e,ik!.

6 10 7

Pe3eka!a lai 5a" 3i"aka !k sis!em 4a5ak +asa 5ai! ko,elasi

Ri=*a,3so-aki !k pa,!ikel !""al 3alam sspesi9 5ai!:

6 1& 7

me,paka +"si 3a,i 3 p/D 3a 4ila"a Re 5a" 3i'a,iasika 3a,i 2.$-$..

g# *atas Partikel

Pa,!ikel 3iklasi+ikasika 4e,3asa,ka 4a"aimaa pa,!ikel !e,se4! !e,+li3isasi 3alam3a,a pa3a ko3isi !e,!e!. Pa,!ikel !e,se4! 3apa! 3iklasi+ikasika me8a3i:

• Pa,!ikel *als

• Pa,!ikel kasa,

• Ko*esi+9 pa,!ikel 5a" sa"a! *als

• U"" 5a" 4e,"e,ak

h# Gaya +ntar Partikel

)a5a a!a, pa,!ikel se,i" kali 3ia4aika 3alam +li3isasi meskip 3alam 4a5ak kass "a5a ii le4i* ka! 3i4a3i"ka hydrodinamic 5a" 3i"aka 3alam 4a5ak

ko,elasi. )a5a a!a, pa,!ikel 5a" 4e,*4"a a!a 4e,kai!a 3e"a "" 5a"

!e,+li3isasi9 misal5a 'a 3e, <aals9 elek!,os!a!ik9 3a kapila,i!as.

i# %aerah *atas Fluidisasi ( Fluidization ,egimes )

Pa3a ke=epa!a "as ,e3a*9 sa! pa3a!a 3alam !a4" "" aka 4e,a3a pa3a

ko3isi kos!a sei,i" 3e"a 4e,!am4a*5a ke=epa!a "as9 "a5a se,e!9 3a "a5a

buoyant me"ala*ka 4e,a! pa,!ikel se,!a "a5a a!a, pa,!ikel !e,se4!.

Pa3a +li3isasi miimm pa,!ikel mempe,li*a!ka pe,"e,aka 5a" miimal 3a

se=a,a la"s" "" aka se3iki! !e,a"ka!.

2,, Ke#ebi*$n 1$n Ke%(&$ng$n Te%ni% F#(i1is$si

'elebihan dari teknik fluidisasi adalah



1. P,ope,!i !,as+e, paas 5a" 4aik 3alam gas-fluidized bed . )elem4" 5a"

!e,4e!k me8a"a "" 4e,si+a! iso!e,mal 3a la8 !,as+e, paas 5a" !i""i

3ipe,ole* a!a,a "" 3a pe,mkaa 5a" 3i=elpka.

2. @i+a! "" 5a" me5e,pai +li3a mem"kika a3a5a ali,a a! pa3a! se=a,a

ko!i 3a mem3a*ka pe"o!,ola.

(. Pe,pi3a*a paas a!a,a "" !e,+li3aka 3e"a me3ia pemi3a* paas 5a"

4aik mem"kika pemakaia ala! peka, paas 5a" memiliki las pe,mkaa

ke=il.

$. Pe,pi3a*a paas 3a ke=epa!a pe,pi3a*a mass a!a,a pa,!ikel =kp !i""i.

. @i,klasi 4!i,a-4!i,a pa3a! a!a,a 3a "" +li3isasi mem"kika

pemi3a*a 8mla* paas 5a" 4esa, 3alam ,eak!o,.

'ekurangan dari teknik fluidisasi adalah

1. Ke=epa!a +li3a 5a" 3i"aka !e,4a!as pa3a 8a"kaa 3imaa ""

!e,+li3isasi. ;ika ke=epa!a 8a* le4i* 4esa, 3a,i Um+9 3apa! !e,8a3i ke*ila"a

ma!e,ial 5a" =kp 4esa, aki4a! !e,4a<a kela, 3a,i "" se,!a a3a

kem"kia !e,8a3i ke,saka pa,!ikel ka,ea ke=epa!a ope,asi 5a" !e,lal 4esa,.

2. Tea"a !k memompa +li3a se*i""a !e,8a3i +li3isasi *a,s 4esa, !k ""

5a" 4esa, 3a 3alam.

(. Uk,a 3a !ipe pa,!ikel 5a" 3apa! 3i"aka 3alam !ekik ii !e,4a!as.$. Ka,ea si+a! "" !e,+li3isasi 5a" kompleks9 se,i"kali !e,8a3i kesli!a 3alam

me"4a* skala ke=il me8a3i skala i3s!,i.

. A3a5a e,osi !e,*a3ap 4e8aa 3a sis!em pe3i"i.

. B!i,a *als aka !e,4a<a ali,a se*i""a me"aki4a!ka *ila"5a se8mla*

!e,!e! pa3a!a.

BAB 2I

METODELOGI PER7OBAAN

/,! A#$' 1$n B$*$n

T$be# /,!,! A#$' )$ng 1ig(n$%$n

No N$m$ A#$'

! ;a"ka @o,o"2 Ke,a"a Pe"a!, La8 Ali, U3a,a



/ Ke,a"ka Tempa! Pa3a!a

Kolom li3isasi

3 Ne,a=a !im4a"

" Pikome!e,

4 Pompa U3a,a

8 Ro!ame!e, U3a,a

T$be# /,!,2 B$*$n )$ng 1ig(n$%$n

No N$m$ A#$'

! Ai,

2 Pa,!ikel 3iame!e, %-12 m

/ Pa,!ikel 3iame!e, 12-2% m

/,2 Di$g&$m A#i& Ke&-$

/,2,! Penen'($n M$ss$ Jenis P$&'i%e#

/,2,2 Pe&.ob$$n F#(i1is$si

Me5iapka pikome!e,

Meim4a" pikome!e, koso"

Memaska ai, *i""a pikome!e, pe*9 kem3ia !im4a"

Me"isi pikome!e, 3e"a pa,!ikel pa3a! 5a" aka 3i"aka se!e"a* V. Pikome!e, kem3ia 3i!im4a"

Me"oso"ka 3a me"e,i"ka pikome!e,

Me"isi 3e"a pikome!e, 3e"a ai, kem3ia !im4a"

Ula"i p,ose3, 3ia!as 3e"a me""aka k,a pa,!ikel 5a" 4e,4e3a

Me5iapka pikome!e,

Meim4a" pikome!e, koso"

Memaska ai, *i""a pikome!e, pe*9 kem3ia !im4a"

Me"isi pikome!e, 3e"a pa,!ikel pa3a! 5a" aka 3i"aka se!e"a* V. Pikome!e, kem3ia 3i!im4a"

Me"oso"ka 3a me"e,i"ka pikome!e,

Me"isi 3e"a pikome!e, 3e"a ai, kem3ia !im4a"

Ula"i p,ose3, 3ia!as 3e"a me""aka k,a pa,!ikel 5a" 4e,4e3a



BAB IV

DATA PENGAMATAN DAN PENGOLAHAN DATA

,! D$'$ Peng$m$'$n

T$be# ,!,! Peng(%(&$n R$+$' M$ss$ P$&'i%e#

Be,a! pa,ikel

Diame!e,

% C %9 mm

Diame!e,

%9 C 19% mm

Diame!e,

19% C 19$ mm

Pikome!e, koso"9 #a ((91( " ((91( " ((91( "

Pikome!e, isi ai, pe*9 # 4 092 " 092 " 092 "

Pikome!e, isi pa3a!a se!e"a*9 #= $9%1 " $91 " $91 "

Pikome!e, isi pa3a!a ai,9 #3 2922 " 19$2 " %9$ "

Rapa! massa pa,!ikel 1(090$ k"/m(

12&2.1 11&(.11

T$be# ,!,2 F#(i1is$si P$&'i%e# Di$me'e& ,5,3

L$-(A#i&

9;

L6meni'

<P 9.mH2O;

Ungg(n /mm Ungg(n mm Ungg(n 3mm

N$i% T(&(n N$i% T(&(n N$i% T(&(n

3 1. 1. (.% 2.0 $.2 $.%

! 1.0 1.0 (.1 2.0 $.( $.2

!3 2.2 2.% (.2 (.1 $. $.

2 2.( 2.2 (.$ (. $. $.

23 2. 2.$ (. (. $.0 $.&

T$be# ,!,/ F#(i1is$si P$&'i%e# Di$me'e& ,35!,

La8Ali, 6Q7 <P 9.mH2O;



L/mei!


N$i% T(&(n N$i% T(&(n N$i% T(&(n

3 %. %. 1.% 1.% 1.( 1.2! 1.% 1.% 1.1 1.% 2.% 1.&

!3 1.$ 1.( 1.2 1.1 2.$ 2.

2 1. 1.$ 1.( 1.$ (.% (.2

23 1. 1. 1.$ 1.$ (.$ (.(

T$be# ,!, F#(i1is$si P$&'i%e# Di$me'e& !,5!,

L$-(A#i& 9;

L6meni'

<P 9.mH2O;


N$i% T(&(n N$i% T(&(n N$i% T(&(n

3 %. %. %. %.$ %. %.

! %. %.0 %.& %. %.0 %.

!3 %.0 %.& 1.1 %.& %.0 %.0

2 1.% 1.% 1.( 1.1 1.% 1.1

23 1.2 1.2 1. 1.( 1.2 1.2

?a!a!a: #ak! !i""al F 1 s pa3a se!iap pe,=o4aa.



,2, Pengo#$*$n D$'$

T$be# ,2,! F#(i1is$si P$&'i%e# Di$me'e& ,5,3mm

La8 Ali,

Volme 6Q7

6m(/s7

JP 6=m>2O7

LasPe,mkaa

6A7 6m27

La8 Ali,

Liea,

6UF 7 6m/s7

Lo" U

Um+

N,eU"" (% mm U"" $% mm U"" % mm

Naik T, Naik T, Naik T,

0.((1%- 1. 1. (.% 2.0 $.2 $.% 2.1$ 1%-( %.%(0 -1.40

0.001

!1"."1"

1.1%-$ 1.0 1.0 (.1 2.0 $.( $.2 2.1$ 1%-( %.%-

1.113"1

0.001

144#.$%

0

2.%1%-$ 2.2 2.% (.2 (.1 $. $. 2.1$ 1%-( %.11-

0.#3""4

0.001

1$4.0

4

(.((1%-$ 2.( 2.2 (.$ (. $. $. 2.1$ 1%-( %.1$-

0.$14$

0.001

$##.

$.11%-$ 2. 2.$ (. (. $.0 $.& 2.1$ 1%-( %.1&(-

0.!1444

0.001

3%34.0%

4



T$be# ,2,2 F#(i1is$si P$&'i%e# Di$me'e& ,35!, mm

La8 Ali,

Volme 6Q7

6m(/s7

JP 6=m>2O7

Las

Pe,mkaa6A7 6m27

La8 Ali,

Liea,

6UF 7 6m/s7

Lo" U Um+ N,eU"" (%mm U"" $%mm U"" %mm


0.((1%- 1. 1. (.% 2.0 $.2 $.% 2.1$ 1%-( %.%(0-

1.40

0.0334 00.#"

1.1%-$ 1.0 1.0 (.1 2.0 $.( $.2 2.1$ 1%-( %.%

-

1.113"

1

0.0334 40"!.$3

2.%1%-$ 2.2 2.% (.2 (.1 $. $. 2.1$ 1%-( %.11

-

0.#3""

4

0.0334 %11.!0

(.((1%-$ 2.( 2.2 (.$ (. $. $. 2.1$ 1%-( %.1$

-

0.$14

$

0.0334 $##.!0



$.11%-$ 2. 2.$ (. (. $.0 $.& 2.1$ 1%-( %.1&(

-

0.!144

4

0.0334101%#.""

3

T$be# ,2,/ F#(i1is$si P$&'i%e# Di$me'e& !,5!, mm



La8 Ali,

Volme 6Q7

6m(/s7

JP 6=m>2O7

Las

Pe,mkaa 6A7

6m27

La8 Ali,

Liea,

6UF 7

6m/s7

Lo" UUm+

6m/s7 N,eU"" (%mm U"" $%mm U"" %mm


0.((1%- 1. 1. (.% 2.0 $.2 $.% 2.1$ 1%-(

%.%(0

-

1.40

0.04#3 #"%.$3$

1.1%-$ 1.0 1.0 (.1 2.0 $.( $.2 2.1$ 1%-( %.%

-

1.113"

10.04#3 "##1.4$!

2.%1%-$ 2.2 2.% (.2 (.1 $. $. 2.1$ 1%-( %.11

-

0.#3""

40.04#3 #0%.13!

(.((1%-$ 2.( 2.2 (.$ (. $. $. 2.1$ 1%-( %.1$

-

0.$14

$0.04#3

11#$.#!

4

$.11%-$

2. 2.$ (.(.

$.0$.& 2.1$ 1%-( %.1&(

-

0.!144

4 0.04#3

1"01!.%

4



BAB V

PEMBAHASAN

G*i0$&is V$s*$ I&*$ms)$*

!!2!/

Pa3a p,ak!ikm li3isasi Pa3a! )as ii 4e,!8a !k me"e!a*i p,isip sa! 4!i,a

pa3a! !e,+li3isasi ole* 3a,a 3a mee!ka ke=epa!a ali, miimm 6Um+7 3a,i 4!i,a

pa3a! !e,se4!. P,ak!ikm ii me"o!akka pa3a!a 3e"a 3a,a 6"as7 se*i""a 3ise4!

+li3isasi pa3a! "as. De"a me"ali,ka 3a,a 6"as7 maka pa3a!a pa3a !ekaa !e,!e!

aka ik! 4e,sama 3a,a !e,se4!.

Apa4ila +li3a 3ile<a!ka pa3a "" pa,!ikel pa3a! 3e"a ke=epa!a ,e3a* 3a,i

4a<a* ke a!as maka "" !e!ap 3iam ka,ea +li3a *a5a mee,o4os "" melali

=ela*-=ela*/ ,a" koso" a!a, pa,!ikel. @aa! ke=epa!a ali,a +li3a 3ipe,4esa, 6pe,a

!ekaa semaki 4esa,7 se*i""a me=apai ke=epa!a miimm 3imaa "a5a !a,ik +li3a

!e,*a3ap pa,!ikel-pa,!ikel pa3a!a sama 3e"a "a5a 4e,a! pa,!ikel-pa,!ikel pa3a!a !e,se4!9

maka pa,!ikel 5a" semla 3iam aka mlai 4e,"e,ak 3a 4e,p,ilak se4a"ai +li3a. Kea3aa

"" sepe,!i ii 3ikeal se4a"ai "" !e,+li3aka 6 fluidized bed 7 3a p,oses5a 3ise4!+li3isasi.

Pa3a!a 32sika 3alam !a4" +li3isasi kem3ia 3iali,i 3a,a 3e"a la8 ali,

4e,'a,iasi. Pa3a!a 5a" 3i"aka 3alam p,ak!ikm ii a3ala* 4!i,a pa3a! 3e"a k,a.

Pe,4e3aa 3iame!e, 3a massa 8eis 3a,i pa3a!a 5a" 3i"aka9 aka mempe"a,*i

!e,+li3isasi5a pa3a!a !e,se4! meskip la8 3a,a 5a" 3i4e,ika sama.

Ka,ak!e,is!ik "" !e,+li3isasika 3i5a!aka 3alam 4e!k k,'a a!a,a lo"

pe,a !ekaa 6JP7 3a lo" la8 ali, "as 6U7. Ko3isi pe,!ama !e,li*a! a3a5a keaika

5a" me8kka pe,a !ekaa pa3a 3ae,a* "" 3iam9 kem3ia 4esa,5a

pe,a !ekaa !e!ap/kos!a *al ii me8kka 3imaa "" !ela* !e,+li3isasi. Da,i

k,'a ka,ak!e,is!ik +li3isasi ii 3apa! mee!ka ilai Um+. Um+ a3ala* ke=epa!a +li3a

miimm 3imaa +li3isasi mlai !e,8a3i.

Besa,5a ilai Um+ ii 3ipe"a,*i ole* k,a 3iame!e, pa,!ikel 3a !i""i "".

Be,3asa,ka *asil pe,=o4aa me8kka 4a*<a semaki 4esa, k,a 3iame!e, pa3a!a9semaki 4esa, pla ilai Um+ 5a" 3ipe,ole*. ;ika semaki 4esa, 3iame!e, sa! pa3a!a



maka pa3a!a 5a" !e,+li3isasi5a p aka se3iki! 4a*ka a3a pla pa3a!a 5a" !i3ak

!e,+li3isasi se*i""a m+ 5a 4esa,9 se3a"ka semaki ke=il 3iame!e, pa3a!a semaki

4a5ak pa3a!a 5a" !e,+li3isasi se*i""a m+ 5a ke=il. Da semaki 4esa, !i""i ""

ilai Um+ p semaki 4esa,. @emaki !i""i pa3a!a maka semaki 4esa, !ekaa 5a"

3ipe,lka spa5a pa3a!a !e,se4! 3apa! !e,+li3isasi. ;ika semaki !i""i "" maka

pa3a!a 5a" !e,+li3isasi5a p aka se3iki! se*i""a m+ 5a 4esa,9 se3a"ka semaki

ke=il !i""i ""9 semaki 4a5ak pa3a!a 5a" !e,+li3isasi se*i""a m+ 5a ke=il.

Pee!a ilai Um+ 3ilakka 3e"a 3a =a,a 5ai! 4e,3asa,ka k,'a ka,ak!e,is!ik

3a pe,*i!"a. Um+ 4e,3asa,ka pe,*i!"a 3ipe"a,*i ole* ilai 4ila"a ,e5ol3

6NRe7. Besa, ke=il5a ilai N,e sa"a! !e,"a!" 3a,i 3iame!e, sa! pa3a!a 5a"

3i"aka. Be,3asa,ka *asil pe,*i!"a9 Um+ 5a" 3ipe,ole* 3a,i k,'a ka,ak!e,is!ik 3a

pe,*i!"a me8kka ilai 5a" =kp 4e,4e3a 8a*. A3a5a pe,4e3aa ii 3apa!

3ise4a4ka kesala*a pa,alak 6kesala*a 3alam meli*a! ilai JP7. @elai i!9 pe,4e3aa 5a"

=kp 4esa, ii 3ise4a4ka 3alam pe,*i!"a se=a,a ",a+is pe,4e3aa !ekaa 5a"

3i*asilka a"a, pa3a!a !e,se4! !e,+li3isasi 3ipe,*i!"ka. Pe,4e3aa !ekaa

3ipe,*i!"a ka,ea pe,4a3aa !ekaa !e,se4! 3ipe"a,*i ole* 8mla* pa3a!a 5a"

3i+li3isasi. Um+ se=a,a ",a+is ilai5a 4e,4e3a-4e3a 63ipe"a,*i ole* !i""i ""7

se*i""a me5e4a4ka pe,4e3aa !ekaa 5a" 4esa,.



BAB VI

KESIMPULAN

Rapa! massa 4!i,a pa3a! 5a" 3i"aka 5ai! :

- B!i,a 3iame!e, %.112-%.2 mm9 G p F 1$(.( k"/m(

- B!i,a 3iame!e, %.2-%.( mm9 G p F 1&1(. k"/m(

- B!i,a 3iame!e, %.(-%.( mm9 G p F 102.( k"/m(

- B!i,a 3iame!e, %.(-1.%% mm9 G p F 1&20.% k"/m(

Nilai Um+ 4e,3asa,ka k,'a ka,ak!e,is!ik :

Diame!e,

B!i,a

6mm7

Um+ 6m/s7

U"" ( =mU"" $

=mU"" =m

Nilai Um+ 4e,3asa,ka pe,*i!"a 5ai! :

Diame!e,

B!i,a 6mm7

Um+ 6m/s7

2% S N,e S 1%%% NRe 1%%%

@emaki 4esa, !i""i ""9 ilai Um+ semaki 4esa, pla.

@emaki 4esa, k,a 3ime!e, pa3a!a9 ilai Um+ semaki 4esa, pla.

LAMPIRAN

$, S%em$ Pe&$#$'$n

4



)am4a, 1. Pe,ala!a li3isasi

Ke!e,a"a "am4a,:

1. Kolom li3isisasi

2. Pompa 3a,a 6Komp,eso,7

(. Maome!e,

$. Ke,a"ka pe"a!, la8 ali, 3a,a

b, Meng*i'(ng R$+$' M$ss$ P$&'i%e#

P$&'i%e# Di$me'e& ,5,3mm

Me"*i!" 'olme pikome!e, Volme pikome!e, F Volme ai, pe*

Volme ai, pe* F

Dike!a*i ,apa! massa ai, pa3a ko3isi 1 a!m 2 F &&.1

Massa ai, F # 4-#a

F 0.2-((.1(

F 2.12",am

F %.%2k"

Volme ai, pe* F

F

F2.% 1%- m(

Me"*i!" 'olme ai, pa3a pikome!e, 4e,isi pa3a!a 3a ai, sampai pe*

Massa ai, 3alam pikome!e, F #3-#=

F

1

3



F

F

Volme ai, pe* F

F

F

Me"*i!" Rapa! Massa Pa,!ikel

Massa pa,!ikel F #=-#a

F

F

F

Volme pa,!ikel F Volme pikome!e, C Volme ai,

F 62.%1% -m(7- 61.%$1%-m(7

F

Rapa! massa pa,!ikel F

F

F 1(090$

P$&'i%e# Di$me'e& ,35!,mm

Me"*i!" 'olme pikome!e,

Volme pikome!e, F Volme ai, pe*

Volme ai, pe* F


Massa ai, F # 4-#a

F

F 2.%&

Volme ai, pe* F



F

F

Me"*i!" 'olme ai, pa3a pikome!e, 4.isi pa3a!a 3a ai, sampai pe*


F

F

F

Volme ai, pe* F

F

F

Me"*i!" ,apa! massa pa,!ikel


F

F

F


F

F


F

F 12&2.1

P$&'i%e# Di$me'e& !,5!,mm

Me"*i!" 'olme pikome!e,

Volme pikome!e, F Volme ai, pe*



Volme ai, pe* F


Massa ai, F # 4-#a

F

F 2.%0

Volme ai, pe* F

F

F

Me"*i!" 'olme ai, pa3a pikome!e, 4.isi pa3a!a 3a ai, sampai pe*


F

F

F

Volme ai, pe* F

F

F

Me"*i!" ,apa! massa pa,!ikel


F

F

F


F



F


F

F 11&(.11

., Meng*i'(ng #($s '$b(ng 9A;

Kelili" F D

1& =m F 6(.1$7 D

Diame!e, la, F .% =m

F .% 1%-2 m

Te4al !a4" F %.0 =m F %.0 1%-2 m

Diame!e, 3alam 6D7 F D la, C !e4al

F .% 1%-2 m - %.0 1%-2 m

F .2 1%-2 m

A = 2

F 2

A = 2,!" > !5/ m2

1, Meng*i'(ng #$-( $#i& #ine$& (1$&$ 9U;

L$-( A#i&

Vo#(me 9;

9L6min;

L$-( A#i&

Vo#(me 9;

9m/6s;

L($s

Pe&m(%$$n

9A; 9m2;

L$-( A#i&

Line$&

9U= ; 9m6s;

Log U

0.((1%- 2.1$ 1%-( %.%(0 -1.$2%

1% 1.1%

-$ 2.1$ 1%-( %.% -1.11$

1 2.%1%-$ 2.1$ 1%-( %.11 -%.&(



2% (.((1%-$ 2.1$ 1%-( %.1$ -%.01(

2 $.11%-$ 2.1$ 1%-( %.1&( -%.1$

U F

U F

U = ,/8 m6s

Log U = -1.420

U F

U F

U = ,44 m6s

Log U = 51.114

U F

U F

U = ,!!" m6s

Log U = -0.936

U F

U F

U = ,!3m6s

Log U = -0.813

U F

U F

U = ,!?/m6s

Log U = 5,4!

e, Meng*i'(ng Bi#$ng$n Re)no#1s



209& 6 76 7

" f F 2o? F 2&0 K

209& 6 76 7

1910 k"/m(

3a,a pa3a s* 2o? F 190$ 1%- k"/m.s

Diame!e, pa3a!a ,a!a-,a!a:

• Diame!e, % C %9 mm

D F

D F %92 mmD F %92 1%-( m

D = 2@3 > !5 m

• Diame!e, %9 C 19% mm

D F

D F %9 mm

D F %9 1%-( m

D = 4@3 > !5 m

• Diame!e, 19% C 19$ mm

D F

D F 192 mm

D = !@2 > !5/ m

Massa ;eis Pa,!ikel

• Diame!e, Pa,!ikel % C %9 mm p F 1(090$

• Diame!e, Pa,!ikel %9 C 19% mm p F 12&2.1

• Diame!e, Pa,!ikel 19% C 19$ mm p F 11&(.11

o a" 3i"aka 3alam pe,samaa Re5ol3s a3ala* 3iame!e, ,a!a-,a!a

1& Di$me'e& P$&'i%e# 2@3 > !5 m

• U F ,/8 m6s

N,e

N&e = 4!3,3!3

N,e



• U F ,44 m6s

N,e

N&e = !?,8"

• U F ,!!" m6s

N,e

N&e = 2!8,2

• U F m6s

N,e

N&e = 28??,42

• U F ,!?/ m6s

N,e

N&e = /"/,"

& Di$me'e& P$&'i%e# 4,3>!5 m

• U F ,/8 m6s

N,e

N&e = 22,2?3

• U F ,44 m6s

N,e

N&e = 34,28/

• U F ,!!" m6s



N,e

N&e = "!!2,24

• U F m6s

N,e

N&e = 28??,42

• U F ,!?/ m6s

N,e

N&e = !!"?,33/

3& Di$me'e& P$&'i%%e# !,2>!5/m

• U F ,/8 m6s

N,e

N&e = 2?3",8/8

• U F ,44 m6s

N,e

N&e = 3??!,84

• U F ,!!" m6s

N,e

N&e = ?2",!/4

• U F m6s

N,e



N&e = !!?82,?4

• U F ,!?/ m6s

N,e

N&e = !3!4,"2

0, Meng*i'(ng Ni#$i Um0

Me"*i!" ,apa! massa 3a,a 3e"a me""aka ,ms 6 P F 1 a!m7

G+ F 20.&6 7 6 7

3imaa T+ a3ala* s* 3a,a 3alam Kel'i. 6T+ F 2&0 K7

G+ F 20.&6 7 6 7

0 = !,!8 %g6m

/

Be&1$s$&%$n +e&*i'(ng$n

1& Di$me'e& 2,3 > !5 m

p F 1(0.0$ k"/m(

+ F 1910 k"/m(

N,e 1%%% 6!,4le7

Umf = 0. 0012 m/s



& Di$me'e& 4,3 > !5 m

p F k"/m(

+ F 1910 k"/m(

N,e 1%%% 6!,4le7

Umf = 0.0334m/s

3& Di$me'e& !,2 > !5/m

p F k"/m(

+ F 1910 k"/m(

N,e 1%%% 6!,4le7

Um0= ,?/m6s

!; Be&1$s$&%$n g&$0i%

17 Diame!e, 29 1%-$ m 3e"a !i""i "" (%mm

27 Diame!e, 29 1%-$

m 3e"a !i""i "" $%mm



(7 Diame!e, 29 1%-$ m 3e"a !i""i "" %mm

$7 Diame!e, 9 1%-$ m 3e"a !i""i "" (%mm

7 Diame!e, 9 1%-$ m 3e"a !i""i "" $%mm

7 Diame!e, 9 1%-$ m 3e"a !i""i "" %mm

7 Diame!e, 192 1%-( m 3e"a !i""i "" (%mm

07 Diame!e, 192 1%-( m 3e"a !i""i "" $%mm

&7 Diame!e, 192 1%-( m 3e"a !i""i "" %mm

[LABTEK] LAPORAN FLUIDISASI

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