MRSM SPM TRIAL 2009 BIO PAPER 2

8/14/2019 MRSM SPM TRIAL 2009 BIO PAPER 2

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4551/2 2009 Hak Cipta Bahagian Pendidikan & Latihan (Menengah) MARA SULIT

1

NO. KAD PENGENALAN

NO. MAKTAB

MAKTAB RENDAH SAINS MARA

PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN

SIJIL PELAJARAN MALAYSIA 2009

BIOLOGY

Paper 2

Tow hours and thirty minutes

JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU

Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 31 halaman bercetak dan 1 halaman tidak bercetak

Untuk Kegunaan Pemeriksa

Kod Pemeriksa :

Bahagian Soalan Markah

Penuh

Markah

Diperoleh

1 12

2 12

3 12

4 12

A

5 12

6 20

7 208 20B

9 20

Jumlah

1. Tulis nombor kad pengenalan dannombor maktab anda pada ruangan

yang disediakan.

2. Kertas soalan ini adalah dalamdwibahasa.

3. Soalan dalam bahasa Inggerismendahului soalan yang sepadan

dalam bahasa Melayu.

4. Calon dibenarkan menjawabkeseluruhan atau sebahagian soalan

sama ada dalam bahasa Inggeris

atau bahasa Melayu.

5. Calon dikehendaki membacamaklumat di halaman belakang

kertas soalan ini.

4551/2

Biologi

Kertas 2September

2009

2 Jam

4

5

5

1

2


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Section A

Bahagian A

[60 marks]

[60 markah]

Answer all questions in this section

Jawabsemua soalan dalam bahagian ini

1. Diagram 1.1 shows the arrangement of bones of one appendicular skeleton.Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan susunan tulang-tulang pada suatu rangka apendaj.

Diagram 1.1

Rajah 1.1

(a) On Diagram 1.1, complete and label the drawing to show the muscle andtendon that enable the forearm to move in the direction shown.

Pada Rajah 1.1, lengkapkan lukisan untuk menunjukkan otot dan tendon yangmembolehkan anggota hadapan bergerak ke arah yang ditunjukkan.

[ 2 marks ]

[ 2 markah ]

(b) Name the structure:Namakan struktur:

S: ...........................................................................................................................

T: ...........................................................................................................................

[ 2 marks ]

[ 2 markah ]

Triceps muscle

Otot triseps

T

S

Move upwards

Bergerak ke atas


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(c) Explain why muscle contraction needs more blood supply.Terangkan mengapa pengecutan otot memerlukan lebih banyak bekalan darah.

...............................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................

[ 2 marks ]

[ 2 markah ]

(d) Diagram 1.2 shows locomotion in a grasshopper.

Rajah 1.2 menunjukkan pergerakan seekor belalang.

Diagram 1.2 /Rajah 1.2

(i) Based on Diagram 1.2, explain the action of the leg muscle during

jumping.

Berdasarkan Rajah 1.2, terangkan tindakan otot kaki semasamelompat.

...................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................

[ 3 marks ]

[ 3 markah ]

Extensor

Ekstensor

Flexor

Fleksor


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Situation

SituasiThe hind leg muscle of a grasshopper is injured.

Otot kaki belakang seekor belalang telah tercedera.

(ii) Based on Diagram 1.2 and the information above, explain how this

affects the jumping movement.

Berdasarkan Rajah 1.2 dan maklumat yang diberikan, terangkan

bagaimana ia mempengaruhi lompatan belalang tersebut.

...................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................

[ 3 marks ]

[ 3 markah ]


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2. Diagram 2.1 shows the structure of the plasma membrane that is involved in themovement of substances.

Rajah 2.1 menunjukkan struktur membran plasma yang terlibat dalam pergerakan

bahan-bahan.

Diagram 2.1

Rajah 2.1

(a) Based on Diagram 2.1, label structure :

Berdasarkan Rajah 2.1, label struktur :

L : ........................................................

M : .......................................................

[2 marks]

[2 markah]

(b) State one property of:

Nyatakan satu sifat pada:

(i) The plasma membrane in Diagram 2.1.

Membran plasma dalam Rajah 2.1.

...................................................................................................................

[1 mark]

[1 markah]

(ii) The molecules that can pass through structure L by simple diffusionbased on Diagram 2.1.

Molekul yang boleh merentasi struktur L secara resapan ringkas

berdasarkan Rajah 2.1.

...................................................................................................................

[1 mark][1 markah]

Glucose

Glukosa

Calcium ion

Ion kalsium

L

M

ATP

Outside

the cell

Di luar

sel

Inside

the cell

Di dalam

sel


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(c) Based on Diagram 2.1, explain how glucose and calcium ions are transported

across the plasma membrane into the cell.

Berdasarkan Rajah 2.1, terangkan bagaimana glukosa dan ion kalsium

diangkut merentasi membran plasma ke dalam sel.

(i) GlucoseGlukosa

...................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................

[2 marks]

[2 markah]

(ii) Calcium ions

Ion kalsium

...................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................

[2 marks]

[2 markah]


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(d) Refering to the movement of substances across the plasma membrane:

Merujuk kepada pergerakan bahan-bahan merentasi membran plasma:

Diagram 2.2 / Rajah 2.2

(i) Explain the observation based on Diagram 2.2.Terangkan pemerhatian berdasarkan Rajah 2.2.

...................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................

[2 marks]

[2 markah]

(ii) Based on Diagram 2.3, explain why salted fish can be stored for 3months.

Berdasarkan Rajah 2.3, terangkan mengapa ikan masin boleh disimpan

selama 3 bulan.


...............................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................

[2 marks]

[2 markah]

Initial observation

Pemerhatian awal

Final observation

Pemerhatian akhir

After being immersed for

2 hours

Selepas direndam selama

2 jam

After being immersed

for 2 weeks

Selepas direndamselama 2 minggu Salted fish

Ikan masin

Concentrated salt

solution

Larutan garam

pekat

Tap waterAir paip

Chilly is cut

halfwaylongitudinally

Bahagian cili

yang dipotong

memanjang


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3. Diagram 3.1 shows the amount of energy released during two types of respiration

P and R.

Rajah 3.1 menunjukkan jumlah tenaga yang dibebaskan semasa dua jenis respirasi,

P dan R.

Diagram 3.1

Rajah 3.1

(a) State the type of respiration in:Nyatakan jenis respirasi dalam:

P :

R :...

[ 2 marks ]

[ 2 markah ]

(b) Based on Diagram 3.1, explain why the amount of energy released during R isvery much greater than during P.

Berdasarkan Diagram 3.1, terangkan mengapa jumlah tenaga yang dibebaskan

semasa R lebih tinggi daripada semasa P.

....

....

...

[ 2 marks ]

[ 2 markah ]

P R

Amount of energy

released (kJ)

Jumlah tenaga yang

dibebaskan (kJ)

2898

Types of respiration

Jenis respirasi

150


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(c) Diagram 3.2 shows the respiratory structure of organism X and Y.

Rajah 3.2 menunjukkan struktur respirasi organisma X dan Y.

Diagram 3.2

Rajah 3.2

(i) State one adaptation of the respiratory structure of organism X and Y.

Nyatakansatu adaptasi yang terdapat pada struktur respirasi

organisma X dan Y.

X :

Y :

[ 2 marks ]

[ 2 markah ]

(ii) Based on Diagram 3.2, explain the adaptation of the respiratory

structure for organisms X and Y.

Berdasarkan Rajah 3.2, terangkan adaptasi pada struktur respirasi

bagi organisma X dan Y.

X : ...........................................................................................................

Y : .

.

[ 2 marks ]

[ 2 markah ]

Organism X

Organisma X

Organism Y

Organisma Y


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(d) Diagram 3.3 shows an alveolus and blood capillaries.

Rajah 3.3 menunjukkan alveolus dan kapilari darah

Explain what happens if carbon monoxide gas diffuses into the blood

capillaries.

Terangkan apakah yang akan berlaku jika gas karbon monoksida meresap

ke dalam kapilari darah.

[ 2 marks ]

[ 2 markah ]

(e)

Explain the function of yeast in bread making.

Terangkan fungsi yis dalam proses pembuatan roti.

.

.

.

.

[ 2 marks ][ 2 markah ]

Yeast is mixed with flour and sugar in bread making. After 30 minutes at

room temperature, the dough rises.

Semasa pembuatan roti, yis diadun dengan tepung dan gula. Doh itu

mengembang selepas dibiarkan selama 30 minit pada suhu bilik.

Carbon monoxide

Karbon monoksidaAlveolus

Alveolus

Blood capillary

Kapilari darah

Diagram 3.3

Rajah 3.3


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4. Diagram 4.1 shows a part of the circulatory system and the lymphatic system in the

human.

Rajah 4.1 menunjukkan sistem peredaran darah dan sistem limfa dalam manusia.

(a) (i) Name the structure labelled X.Namakan struktur berlabel X.

...................................................................................................................

[ 1 mark]

[ 1 markah ]

(ii) State the function of X.

Nyatakan fungsi X.

...................................................................................................................

[ 1 mark][ 1 markah ]

Blood capillary

Kapilari darah

Fluid Y

Bendalir Y

X

Vessel Z

Salur Z

Diagram 4.1

Rajah 4.1


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(b) Explain how fluid Y is formed.

Terangkan bagaimana bendalir Y terbentuk.

...............................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...

[ 2 marks ]

[ 2 markah ]

(c) If structure X is infected by the parasitic worm, Filariasp., explain the effect

to the tissues that are surrounded by the blood capillaries.

Jika struktur X telah dijangkiti oleh cacing parasit Filaria sp., terangkan

apakah kesannya ke atas tisu yang dikelilingi oleh kapilari darah.

...............................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...

[ 2 marks ]

[ 2 markah ]

(d) (i) Name the blood vessel that receives fluid from vessel Z.Namakan salur darah yang menerima bendalir dari salur Z.

.........................................................................................................................

[ 1 mark]

[ 1 markah ]

(ii) Explain how the fluid in vessel Z is able to reach the blood vessels in (d)(i).

Terangkan bagaimana bendalir di dalam salur Z boleh sampai ke salur

darah di (d)(i).

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

[ 3 marks ]

[ 3 markah ]


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(e) A boy had a cut on his leg and was infected by bacteria. Explain why the

lymph nodes in his groin region became swollen.

Seorang budak lelaki telah luka pada bahagian kaki dan mendapat jangkitan

bakteria. Terangkan mengapa nodus limfa di pangkal peha beliau menjadi

bengkak.

...............................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................

[ 2 marks ]

[ 2 markah ]


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5. Diagram 5.1 shows two varieties of papaya, Malaysian papaya and Hawaiian papaya.

In both varieties, the dominant trait is homozygous. The cross breed between both

varieties produces a new variety, the Exotica.

Rajah 5.1 menunjukkan dua varieti betik, betik Malaysia dan betik Hawaii. Dalam

kedua-dua varieti, trait dominan ialah homozigot. Kacukan silang antara kedua-dua

varieti menghasilkan varieti baru betik.


(a) State one characteristic of papaya shown in Diagram 5.1.

Nyatakan satu ciri buah betik yang ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 5.1.

....

[ 1 mark]

[ 1 markah ]

(b) Based on Diagram 5.1, explain how the new variety, Exotica is produced.

Berdasarkan Rajah 5.1, terangkan bagaimana varieti baru, Exoticadihasilkan.

[ 3 marks ]

[ 3 markah ]

Mesocarp

Mesokarp

Seeds

Biji

Exotica papaya

Betik Exotica

Hawaiian papaya

Betik Hawaii

Malaysian papaya

Betik Malaysia

X

Key:

Kekunci:

R Dominant allele for thick

mesocarp

Alel dominan untuk

mesokarp tebal

T Dominant allele for less

seeds

Alel dominan untuk

bilangan biji yang sedikit

Mesocarp

Mesokarp

Seeds

Biji


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(c) A papaya farmer wants to produce a large number of Exotica papaya in the

shortest time possible. State the best technique to be used by the farmer. What

is the genetic advantage of using this technique?

Seorang peladang betik ingin menghasilkan betik Exotica dalam kuantiti yang

banyak dalam masa yang singkat. Nyatakan teknik yang terbaik yang boleh

digunakan oleh peladang tersebut. Apakah kelebihan menggunakan teknik inidari segi genetik?

...............................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................

[ 2 marks ]

[ 2 markah ]

(d) Diagram 5.2 shows two homologous chromosomes M and N in Exotica papaya.

Rajah 5.2 menunjukkan dua kromosom homolog M dan N dalam betik Exotica.

Chromosome M Chromosome NKromosom M Kromosom N

Diagram 5.2

Rajah 5.2

(i) Draw the gametes of the parent in Malaysian papaya and Hawaiian papaya toproduce the Exotica papaya.

Lukiskan gamet induk daripada betik Malaysia dan betik Hawaii yang akan

menghasilkan betik Exotica.

[ 3 marks ][ 3 markah ]

Malaysian papaya

Betik Malaysia

Hawaiian papaya

Betik Hawaii

tT

rR


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(ii) Draw a schematic diagram to show how thick mesocarp and less seeds isproduced in Exotica papaya.

Lukiskan rajah skema untuk menunjukkan bagaimana mesokarp yang tebal

dan kurang biji dihasilkan dalam betik Exotica.

[ 3 marks ]

[ 3 markah ]


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Section B

Bahagian B[20 marks

20 markah]

Answer any two questions.Jawabmana-mana dua soalan.

6. Diagram 6.1 shows the longitudinal section of a root and Diagram 6.2 shows one stage

from the process of cell division in the root.

Rajah 6.1 menunjukkan keratan memanjang akar dan Rajah 6.2 menunjukkan satu

peringkat daripada proses pembahagian sel yang berlaku di akar.

(a) Describe the stage of cell division in Diagram 6.2.

Huraikan peringkat pembahagian sel di dalam Rajah 6.2.

[4 marks]

[4 markah]

(b) Based on Diagram 6.1, explain the growth process of the root in Zone P, Q

and R.

Berdasarkan Rajah 6.1, terangkan proses pertumbuhan akar di Zon P, Q

dan R.

[6 marks]

[6 markah]

Diagram 6.1

Rajah 6.1

Zone P

Zon P

Zone Q

Zon Q

Root cap

Jidal akar

Zone R

Zon R

Diagram 6.2

Rajah 6.2


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(c) Diagram 6.3 shows the stages in Mitosis and Diagram 6.4 shows the stages in

Meiosis I, both in plants.

Rajah 6.3 menunjukkan peringkat-peringkat Mitosis dan Rajah 6.4

menunjukkan peringkat-peringkat Meiosis I, kedua-duanya dalam tumbuhan.

Describe four similarities and six differences between Diagram 6.3 and

Diagram 6.4.

Huraikan empat persamaan dan enam perbezaan antara Rajah 6.3 dan Rajah 6.4.

[10 marks][10 markah]

Diagram 6.3

Rajah 6.3

Diagram 6.4

Rajah 6.4


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7. (a) Diagram 7.1 shows a cross section of an ovary.

Rajah 7.1 menunjukkan keratan rentas ovari.

Diagram 7.1

Rajah 7.1

Explain the formation of structure X.

Terangkan pembentukan struktur X.

[4 marks]

[4 markah]

Diagram 6.3

Rajah 6.3

Primary follicle

Folikel primer

Structure X

Struktur X


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(b) Diagram 7.2 shows a longitudinal section of the reproductive parts of a flowerduring fertilisation and the fruit produced after two weeks.

Rajah 7.2 menunjukkan keratan memanjang bahagian pembiakan bunga

semasa persenyawaan dan buah yang terbentuk selepas dua minggu.

Based on Diagram 7.2 describe the formation of multiple seeds in an ovary.

Berdasarkan Rajah 7.2 huraikan pembentukan biji benih yang banyak dalam

suatu ovari.

[6 marks][6 markah]

After two weeks

Selepas dua minggu

Pollen grain

Debunga

Ovary

Ovari

Seed

Biji benih

Diagram 7.2

Rajah 7.2


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(c) Diagram 7.3 shows the process involved in the development of the embryo sac.

Rajah 7.3 menunjukkan proses yang terlibat dalam pembentukan pundi

embrio.

Based on Diagram 7.3, describe the process shown.

Berdasarkan Rajah 7.3, huraikan proses yang ditunjukkan.

[10 marks]

[10 markah]

Embryo sac

Pundi embrio

Mitosis

Diploid megasporeMegaspora diploid

Mitosis

Diagram 7.3

Rajah 7.3


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8. (a) Diagram 8.1 and Diagram 8.2 show children taking in unbalanced daily meals.

Rajah 8.1 and Rajah 8.2 menunjukkan kanak-kanak sedang mengambil

makanan yang tidak seimbang.

Discuss the effects of the excessive intake of the foods shown over a long

period of time.

Bincangkan kesan pengambilan makanan seperti yang ditunjukkan untuk

jangkamasa yang lama.

[10 marks]

[10 markah]

Ice cream

Ais krim

Diagram 8.1

Rajah 8.1

Fried chicken

Ayam goreng

Diagram 8.2

Rajah 8.2


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(b) Table 8.1 shows the suitable nutrient intake for a normal female, a pregnantwoman and a female athlete.

Jadual 8.1 menunjukkan nutrisi yang sesuai untuk seorang wanita biasa,

wanita mengandung dan ahli sukan wanita.

Table 8

Jadual 8

Based on your biological knowledge and Table 8, explain the importance of the

main nutrien

Berdasarkan pengetahuan biologi dan Jadual 8, terangkan kepentingan nutrient

utama untuk:

(i) Pregnant womanWanita mengandung

(ii) AthleteAhli sukan

[10 marks][10 markah]

NutrientNutrien

Normal femaleWanita biasa

Pregnant womanWanita mengandung

Female athleteAhli sukan wanita

Carbohydrates (cal)

Karbohidrat (cal)2200 3000 3500

Protein (g)

Protein (g)50 90 74

Vitamin D (mg)

Vitamin D (mg)5 12.5 8.3

Vitamin E (mg)

Vitamin E (mg)10 15 10

Vitamin C (mg)

Vitamin C (mg)60 60 100

Vitamin B (mg)

Vitamin B (mg)2 2.1 5

Calcium (mg)

Kalsium (mg)800 1000 1200

Zinc (mg)

Zink (mg)15 15 25


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9. Diagram 9 shows various human activities.Rajah 9 menunjukkan pelbagai aktiviti manusia.

Diagram 9

Rajah 9

(a) Glass buildings may be the cause of a certain type of pollution.

Based on Diagram 9, describe how other human activities contribute to the

same type of pollution.

Bangunan berkaca boleh menyebabkan satu jenis pencemaran.

Berdasarkan Rajah 9, huraikan bagaimana aktiviti-aktiviti manusia boleh

menyumbang kepada jenis pencemaran yang sama.

[10 marks]

[10 markah]

(b) Explain the effects of global warming to the environment. If you are an officer

in the Ministry Of Environment, suggest ways to reduce this problem.

Terangkan kesan pemanasan global kepada alam sekitar. Jika anda adalahseorang pegawai di dalam Kementerian Alam Sekitar, cadangkan kaedah

untuk mengurangkan masalah ini.

[10 marks]

[10 markah]

Glass building

Bangunan berkacaFactory

Kilang

Vehicle

Kenderaan

Logging activities

Aktiviti pembalakan


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SPACE FOR ANSWERS

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MRSM SPM TRIAL 2009 BIO PAPER 2

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