LAPORAN TUGAS AKHIR

MONITORING KEBOCORAN GAS MENGGUNAKAN ARDUINO UNO

R3 BERBASIS KOMUNIKASI ZIGBEE PADA FREKUENSI 2,4 GHZ

Proposal Tugas Akhir ini disusun guna memenuhi syarat kelulusan studi

di Program Studi D3 Teknik Telekomunikasi Sekolah Tinggi

Telematika Telkom Purwokerto

OLEH :

MUHAMAD ZIDNY HILMAN

14201018

PROGRAM STUDI D-III TEKNIK TELEKOMUNIKASI SEKOLAH

TINGGI TEKNOLOGI TELEMATIKA TELKOM PURWOKERTO

2017

PRAKATA

Dengan mengucap puji syukur atas kehadirat Allah SWT atas segala

rahmat serta karunia-Nya yang telah diberikan sehingga penulis dapat

menyelesaikan Proposal Tugas Akhir ini.

Proposal Tugas Akhir ini merupakan salah satu syarat untuk kelulusan

Mata Kuliah Tugas Akhir. Dalam penulisan sampai selesainya Proposal Tugas

Akhir ini, penulis mendapat dukungan dan bantuan dari berbagai pihak. Dengan

ini penulis mengucapkan terima kasih kepada :

1. Kedua orang tua yang selalu mendoakan serta mendukung saya untuk

menyelesaikan Proposal Tugas Akhir.

2. Bapak Danny Kurnianto, S.T., M.Eng selaku pembimbing I dalam pengerjaan

tugas akhir.

3. Bapak Muntaqo Alfin Almanaf, S.T., M.T selaku pembimbing II dalam

pengerjaan tugas akhir.

4. Rekan-rekan mahasiswa ( khususnya D3 angkatan 2014 ) yang telah

menempuh perkuliahan bersama penulis.

5. Semua pihak yang tidak dapat disebutkan satu persatu.

Akhir kata penulis menyadari bahwa Proposal Tugas Akhir ini jauh dari

sempurna. Untuk itu dengan segala kerendahan hati, penyusun mengharapkan

kritik dan saran yang sifatnya membangun dan dapat mendorong penulis untuk

menulis hasil karya yang lebih baik pada masa yang akan datang.

Purwokerto, April 2017

Penulis

Muhamad Zidny Hilman

DAFTAR ISI

LAPORAN TUGAS AKHIR .................................................................................. 1

MONITORING KEBOCORAN GAS MENGGUNAKAN ARDUINO UNO

................................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

R3 BERBASIS KOMUNIKASI ZIGBEE PADA FREKUENSI 2,4 GHZ ... Error!

Bookmark not defined.

SURAT PERNYATAAN....................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

PRAKATA .............................................................................................................. 4

DAFTAR ISI ........................................................................................................... 6

DAFTAR GAMBAR .............................................................................................. 9

DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................. 11

ABSTRAK ............................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

ABSTRACT ........................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

BAB I ..................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.1. Latar Belakang ........................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.2. Rumusan Masalah ................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.3. Tujuan Penelitian ..................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.4. Batasan Masalah ...................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.5. Manfaat Penelitian ................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.6. Kaitan Judul dengan Teknik Telekomunikasi ....... Error! Bookmark not

defined.

1.7. Metodolodi Pengembangan Sistem ......... Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.8. Sistematika Penulisan Laporan ............... Error! Bookmark not defined.

BAB II .................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

DASAR TEORI ..................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.1. GAS Liquid Petroleum Gas ( LPG ) ....... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.1.1. Gas Golongan Alkana ...................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.2. Zigbee ...................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.2.1. Xbee ................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.3. Arduino .................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.3.1. Arduino Uno .................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.4. Sensor MQ2 ............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.5. Liquid Crystal Display ( LCD ) ............... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.6. Light Emitting Dioda ( LED ) ................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.7. Buzzer ...................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.8. Catu Daya ................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.9. Analog To Digital Converter (ADC) ....... Error! Bookmark not defined.

BAB III .................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.1. PERANCANGAN SISTEM .................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.1.1. Arduino Uno R3 ............................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.1.2. Sensor MQ2 ..................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.1.3. Zigbee Modul ................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.1.4. Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Alfanumerik 16x2 Error! Bookmark

not defined.

3.1.5. Light Emitting Dioda (LED) ............ Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.1.6. Buzzer .............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.1.7. Catudaya ........................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.2. PARAMETER – PARAMETER SISTEM ........... Error! Bookmark not

defined.

3.3. PERANCANGAN PERANGKAT KERAS ......... Error! Bookmark not

defined.

3.3.1. Antarmuka Arduino Dengan Sensor MQ2 ..... Error! Bookmark not

defined.

3.3.2. Antarmuka Arduino dengan Zigbee (Xbee) ... Error! Bookmark not

defined.

3.3.3. Antarmuka Arduino dengan LCD .... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.3.4. Antarmuka Arduino dengan LED .... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.3.5. Antarmuka Arduino Dengan Buzzer Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.3.6. Rangkaian Catu Daya ....................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.3.7. Rangkaian Keseluruhan ................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.4. PERANCANGAN PERANGKAT LUNAK ......... Error! Bookmark not

defined.

3.4.1. Inialisasi ........................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.4.2. Pembacaan Gas ................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.4.3. Komunikasi Zigbee .......................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

BAB IV .................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.1.1. PENGUJIAN RANGKAIAN LED .. Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.1.2. PENGUJIAN RANGKAIAN BUZZER ......... Error! Bookmark not

defined.

4.1.3. PENGUJIAN RANGKAIAN LCD . Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.1.4. PENGUJIAN RANGKAIAN SENSOR MQ2 Error! Bookmark not

defined.

4.1.5. PENGUJIAN RANGKAIAN ZIGBEE ......... Error! Bookmark not

defined.

4.1.6. PENGUJIAN RANGKAIAN CATU DAYA Error! Bookmark not

defined.

BAB V .................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

A. KESIMPULAN ....................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

B. SARAN ................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ............................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

LAMPIRAN ........................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 2.1 Perangkat Xbee ................................................................................ 11

Gambar 2.2 Board Arduino Uno R3 .................................................................... 13

Gambar 2.3 Sensor Gas MQ2 .............................................................................. 14

Gambar 2.5 Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) ......................................................... 16

Gambar 2.6 simbol Light Emitting Dioda (LED) ................................................ 16

Gambar 2.7 Buzzer ................................................................................................17

Gambar 2.8 Catu daya Baterai ............................................................................. 18

Gambar 2.9 ADC dengan sampling rendah dan tinggi ........................................ 18

Gambar 3.1 Blok Diagram Alat Pengendali ........................................................ 20

Gambar 3.2 Visualisasi Sistem ............................................................................ 21

Gambar 3.3 Pembagian pin Arduino dengan Sensor MQ2 ................................. 23

Gambar 3.4 Pembagian pin Arduino dengan Xbee ............................................. 24

Gambar 3.5 Pembagian pin Arduino dengan LCD .............................................. 25

Gambar 3.6 Pembagian pin Arduino dengan LED .............................................. 26

Gambar 3.7 Pembagian pin Arduino dengan Buzzer ........................................... 27

Gambar 3.8 Rangkaian Catudaya Baterai ............................................................ 28

Gambar 3.9 Rangkaian Keseluruhan Pengirim .................................................... 29

Gambar 3.10 Rangkaian Keseluruhan Penerima ................................................. 30

Gambar 3.11 Flowchart Sub System pengirim ..................................................... 31

Gambar 3.12 Flowchart Sub System penerima .................................................... 32

Gambar 3.13 Konfigurasi Zigbee Penerima ......................................................... 41

Gambar 3.14 Konfigurasi Zigbee Pengirim ......................................................... 42

Gambar 4.1 Pengujian LED ................................................................................ 43

Gambar 4.2 Pengujian Buzzer ............................................................................. 44

Gambar 4.3 Pengujian LCD ................................................................................ 45

Gambar 4.4 Grafik Pengujian Sensor MQ 2 rentan waktu 1 detik ..................... 48

Gambar 4.5 Pengujian Sensor MQ2 rentan waktu 5 detik ................................. 49

Gambar 4.6 Pengujian LOS ................................................................................ 49

Gambar 4.7 Grafik Error LOS ............................................................................ 51

Gambar 4.8 Pengujian NLOS .............................................................................. 51

Gambar 4.9 Error NLOS ..................................................................................... 53

Gambar 4.10 Rangkaian Baterai .......................................................................... 53

Gambar 4.11 Tegangan Baterai ............................................................................ 54

Gambar 4.12 Arus Baterai .................................................................................... 54

Gambar 4.13 Arus Dengan 2 Baterai ................................................................... 54

Gambar 4.14 Tampilan LCD kondisi AMAN ...................................................... 55

Gambar 4.15 Tampilan LCD kondisi SEDANG .................................................. 55

Gambar 4.16 Tampilan LCD kondisi BAHAYA ................................................. 55

DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 2.1 Unsur – unsur kimia golongan Alkana ................................................. 7

Tabel 2.2 perbedaan antara Zigbee, Bluetooth dan Wifi ...................................... 9

Tabel 2.3 Karakteristik Umum IEEE 802.15.4 .................................................... 10

Tabel 2.4 perbedaan Xbee S2 dan Xbee Pro S2 ................................................... 11

Tabel 2.4 Deskripsi Arduino Uno ........................................................................ 13

Tabel 2.5 fungsi Pin LCD .................................................................................... 15

Tabel 3.1 Koneksi Antara Arduino dengan Sensor MQ2 .................................... 24

Tabel 3.2 Koneksi Antara Arduino dengan Xbee ................................................ 25

Tabel 3.3 Koneksi Antara Arduino dengan LCD ................................................ 26

Tabel 3.4 Koneksi Antara Arduino dengan LED ................................................ 27

Tabel 3.5 Koneksi Antara Arduino dengan Buzzer ............................................. 28

Tabel 3.6 Rangkaian Catudaya Baterai ................................................................ 28

Tabel 3.7 Rangkaian Keseluruhan Tx .................................................................. 29

Tabel 3.8 Rangkaian Keseluruhan Rx .................................................................. 30

Tabel 3.9 Jenis Gas yang dideteksi ...................................................................... 38

Tabel 3.10 konversi ADC ke PPM ...................................................................... 39

Tabel 4.1 Pengujian LED Merah ......................................................................... 44

Tabel 4.2 Pengujian LED Hijau .......................................................................... 44

Tabel 4.3 Pengujian Buzzer ................................................................................. 44

Tabel 4.4 Pengujian LCD .................................................................................... 45

Tabel 4.5 Pengujian Sensor MQ 2 rentan waktu 1 detik ..................................... 47

Tabel 4.6 Pengujian Sensor MQ2 rentan waktu 5 detik ...................................... 48

Tabel 4.7 Hasil Pengujian Zigbee Line Of Sight (LOS) ....................................... 50

Tabel 4.8 Error Zigbee LOS ................................................................................. 50

Tabel 4.9 Hasil Pengujian Zigbee Non – Line of Sight (N-LOS) ......................... 52

Tabel 4.10 Error Zigbee NLOS ............................................................................ 52

Tabel 4.11 Pengujian Catudaya Baterai ............................................................... 53

Tabel 4.12 Pengujian Komponen ......................................................................... 56

Tabel 4.13 Pengiriman Zigbee Rangkaian Keseluruhan ...................................... 56

Tabel 4.14 Rincian Pengujian Keseluruhan ......................................................... 57