Program Peningkatan Prestasi Akademik Biologi STPM Kedah 2012 (Paper 2)

7/31/2019 Program Peningkatan Prestasi Akademik Biologi STPM Kedah 2012 (Paper 2)

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PROGRAM PENI

JABATAN PDAN MAJLIS PENGETU

Instructions to candidates :

DO NOT OPEN THIS QUESTIONSO.

Answerall questions in Section A.

Answer anyfour questions in Sectionprovided. Begin each answer on a freshnumerical order. Tie your answer sheet

Answers should be illustrated by largrequired.

Answers may be written in either Eng

Arahan kepada calon :

JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALBERBUAT DEMIKIAN.

Jawabsemua soalan dalam Bahagiadisediakan.

Jawab mana-manaempat soalan dalhelaian jawapan yang dibekalkan. Mulayang baharu dan susun jawapan andaanda bersama dengan kertas soalan ini.

Jawapan hendaklah disertai gambarjelas apabila dikehendaki.

Jawapan boleh ditulis dalam bahasa

This question pap

(Kertas soalan ini terdir

Name : (Nama)

PROGRAM PENINGKATAN PRESTASI A




PROGRAM PENINGKATAN PRESTASI APROGRAM PENINGKATAN PRESTASI A

















964/2

Tw

STRUCTU

[IAL until the examination is overperiksaan kertas ini tamat

NGKATAN PRESTASI AKADEMIK ST

ANJURAN BERSAMA

LAJARAN NEGERI KEDAH DARULASEKOLAH MENENGAH MALAYSIA (

PAPER UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO

rite your answers in the spaces provided.

B. Write your answers on the answer sheetssheet of paper and arrange your answers into this question paper.

and clearly labelled diagrams when

lish or Bahasa Malaysia.

N IN SEHINGGA ANDA DIBENARKAN

n A. Tulis jawapn anda dalam ruang yang

am Bahagian B. Tulis jawapan anda padaansetiap jawapan anda pada helaian kertasengikut tertib berangka. Ikat helaian jawapan

ajah yang besar dan mempunyai label yang

Inggeris atau bahasa Malaysia.

er consists of 17 printed pages and 1 bla

i daripada 17 halaman bercetak dan 1 hal

.. Form : (Tingkatan)

ADEMIK STPM 2012 PROGRAM PENINGKATAN PRESTASI A




ADEMIK STPM 2012 PROGRAM PENINGKATAN PRESTASI AADEMIK STPM 2012 PROGRAM PENINGKATAN PRESTASI A

















PROGRAM PENI

PRESTASI AKADEM

BIOLOGY (BIOLOGI)

PAPER 2 (KERTAS 2)

and a half hours (Dua jam setengah)

RE AND ESSAY (STRUKTUR DAN ESEI

urn over (Lihat sebelah) CONFIDENTIAL*

SULIT*

M 2012

ANMPSM) KEDAH

k page.

man kosong)

..

KADEMIK STPM 2012

KADEMIK STPM 2012

KADEMIK STPM 2012

KADEMIK STPM 2012

KADEMIK STPM 2012KADEMIK STPM 2012

KADEMIK STPM 2012

KADEMIK STPM 2012

KADEMIK STPM 2012

KADEMIK STPM 2012

KADEMIK STPM 2012

KADEMIK STPM 2012

KADEMIK STPM 2012

KADEMIK STPM 2012

KADEMIK STPM 2012

KADEMIK STPM 2012

KADEMIK STPM 2012

KADEMIK STPM 2012

KADEMIK STPM 2012

KADEMIK STPM 2012

KADEMIK STPM 2012

KADEMIK STPM 2012

NGKATAN

IK STPM 2012

For examiners use(Untuk kegunaan

pemeriksa)

Section A(Bahagian A)

1

2

3

4

Section B(Bahagian B)

Total(Jumlah)


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Section A [40 marks]

Answerall questions in this section.

1 The diagram shows the tertiary structure of a molecule of enzyme RNase.

(a) Name the functional group found at A? [1 mark]

..

(b) (i) What is meant by tertiary structure? [1 mark]

......

(ii) The chemical mercaptoethanol breaks disulphide bonds (bridges).

Describe what would happen to the enzyme RNase if it were treated with

mercaptoethanol. [3 marks]

.............................................

..

..

sulphur-containingamino acid

C

A

O

HO


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Bahagian A [40 markah]

Jawabsemua soalan dalam bahagian ini.

1 Gambar rajah menunjukkan struktur tertier protein bagi molekul enzim RNase.

(a) Namakan kumpulan berfungsi yang terdapat di A. [1 markah]

...........................................................................................................................................................................

(b) (i) Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan struktur tertier? [1 markah]

...........................................................................................................................................................................

(ii) Bahan kimia mercaptoetanol dapat memutuskan ikatan disulfida. Terangkan apa yangberlaku apabila enzim RNase dirawat dengan mercaptoetanol. [3 markah]

...........................................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................. ..............................................

...........................................................................................................................................................................

asid aminomengandungi sulfur

C

A

O

HO


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(c) State and describe two other bonds that are involved in folding and coiling of these

polypeptides. [4 marks]

Bond : .

Description : ..

.

Bond : .

Description : ..

..

(d) Proteins exhibit amphoteric behaviour. What is meant by amphoteric? [1 mark]

..

..


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(c) Nyatakan dan terangkan dua jenis ikatan lain yang terlibat dalam pembentukan lingkaran dan

lipatan polipeptida ini. [4 markah]

Ikatan : .....................................................................................................................................................

Penerangan : ...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

Ikatan : ............................................................................................................. ........................................

Penerangan : ...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

(d) Protein bersifat amfoterik. Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan amfoterik? [1 markah]

...........................................................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................ ...................................................


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2 The following diagram shows t

(a) Label the following struct

Structure A :

Function :

Structure B :

Function :

(b) Describe how an impulse

..

..

6

IAL until the examination is over.

e structure of a synapse.

res and state their functions.

..

...

is transmitted across C to D.

..

..

B

C

D

CONFIDENTIAL*

[4 marks]

..

..

...

....

.....

...

[4 marks]

.

.

.

.


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2 Rajah dibawah menunjukkan s

(a) Labelkan struktur berikut

Struktur A :

Fungsi :

..

Struktur B :

Fungsi :

(b) Terangkan bagaimana p

.................................................

.................................................

.................................................

..................................................

.

..................................................

7

periksaan kertas ini tamat.

ruktur sinaps saraf.

dan nyatakan fungsinya.

nghantaran impuls merentasi C ke D.

......................................................................

......................................................................

......................................................................

......................................................................

......................................................................

B

C

D

[Lihat sebelah SULIT*

[4 markah]

....

..

...

....

..

.

[4 markah]

..........................................

..........................................

..........................................

..........................................

..........................................


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(c) State two reasons why an impulse can only travel in one direction. [2 marks]

...

...

...


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(c) Nyatakan dua sebab mengapa pengaliran impuls berlaku sehala sahaja. [2 markah]

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................. .....................................


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3 The diagrams below show three types of growth curves of organisms.

(a) State the type of growth curves above. [3 marks]

(i) A :...........................................................................................................................................

(ii) B :...........................................................................................................................................

(iii) C :............................................ ...............................................................................................

(b) State the phases represented by X and Y. [2 marks]

X :....................................................................................................................................................

Y :....................................................................................................................................................

(c) Explain the shape of curve B. [3 marks]

...........................................................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................... ....................

....................................................................................................................................................... ....................

A CB

Mass/ g

Time/weeks Time/weeks Time/weeks

X

Y

increaseinm

ass/g

perweek

Percentageincre

ase

inmass

0

100


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3 Gambar rajah di bawah menunjukkan tiga jenis lengkung pertumbuhan suatu organisma.

(a) Nyatakan jenis lengkung pertumbuhan di atas. [ 3 markah]

(i) A :...........................................................................................................................................

(ii) B :................................................. ..........................................................................................

(iii) C :................................................................................ ...........................................................

(b) Nyatakan fasa-fasa yang diwakili oleh X dan Y. [ 2 markah]

X :....................................................................................................................................................

Y :....................................................................................................................................................

(c) Terangkan bentuk lengkung B. [ 3 markah]

....................................................................................................................................................... ....................

...........................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................... ....................

....................................................................................................................................................... ....................

A CB

Jisim/ g

Masa/ minggu Masa/ minggu Masa/ minggu

X

Y

pertambahanjisim/g

perminggu

Peratus

pertambahanjisim

0

100


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(d) In the diagram below, predict and sketch what happens in the stage labelled Z in a germinating

seed. [2 marks]

...........................................................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................................................

Mass/ g

Time/ week

Z


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(d) Dalam gambar rajah di bawah, ramalkan dan lakarkan apa yang berlaku pada peringkat Z

semasa percambahan biji benih. [ 2 markah]

....................................................................................................................................................... ....................

...........................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................... ....................

Jisim/ g

Masa/ minggu

Z


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4 An experiment was done to determine the distribution of plants in an area by using a

sampling method. The quadrat size is 1m x 1m. The number of organisms from each species in

each quadrat is recorded in the table below.

Quadrat 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Total

Mimosasp. 13 0 6 15 10 0 8 6 16 12 86

Imperata sp. 31 43 18 12 14 10 15 57 48 42 290

Axonopussp. 43 31 16 46 50 18 11 61 40 50 366

Total 87 74 40 73 74 28 34 124 104 104 742

Table 1

(a) By using the data from the table, calculate :

(i) density ofMimosasp. [2 marks]

(ii) the frequency ofMimosasp. [2 marks]

(iii) the relative frequency of the Mimosasp. [2 marks]

(b) State two disadvantages of this method. [2 marks]

(i) ....

(ii) ...

(c) Name two other methods that can be used to determine the distribution of the plants of thestudy area. [2 marks]

(i) ...

(ii) ..


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4 Satu eksperimen telah dilakukan untuk menentukan taburan tumbuh-tumbuhan dalam satu kawasan

dengan menggunakan satu kaedah persampelan. Saiz kuadrat adalah 1m x 1m. Bilangan organisma

daripada setiap spesis dalam kuadrat direkodkan seperti dalam jadual.

Kuadrat 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Jumlah

Mimosasp. 13 0 6 15 10 0 8 6 16 12 86

Imperata sp. 31 43 18 12 14 10 15 57 48 42 290

Axonopussp. 43 31 16 46 50 18 11 61 40 50 366

Jumlah 87 74 40 73 74 28 34 124 104 104 742

Jadual 1

(a) Dengan menggunakan data daripada jadual ini, hitung :

(i) kepadatan Mimosasp. [2 markah]

(ii) frekuensi Mimosasp. [2 markah]

(iii) frekuensi relatif Mimosasp. [2 markah]

(b) Nyatakan dua kelemahan kaedah ini. [2 markah]

(i) ...

(ii) ..

(c) Namakan dua kaedah lain yang boleh digunakan untuk menentukan taburan tumbuhan dalamkawasan yang dikaji. [2 markah]

(i)

(ii) ..................


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Section B [ 60 marks]

Answer anyfourquestions in this section.

5 (a) Describe the transport of oxygen in human body. [8 marks]

(b) Discuss the structure of haemoglobin and how it carries oxygen. [7 marks]

6 (a) Name four major vessels carrying blood to and from the heart. [4 marks]

(b) Using suitable examples, differentiate between a vein and an artery. [6 marks]

(c) Explain ventricular systole. [5 marks]

7 Describe the development of the fruit and seed after fertilisation. [15 marks]

8 (a) Explain non-disjunction. [3 marks]

(b) With the aid of a schematic diagram, explain the non-disjunction of homologous chromosomesin Turner Syndrome and Klinefelter Syndrome during spermatogenesis and oogenesis. [12 marks]

9 (a) Explain the steps involved in using gene therapy to treat genetic disorder. [5 marks]

(b) Outline how genetic fingerprinting is carried out in the field of forensic science. [10 marks]

10 (a) State the structural differences between Marchantiaand Dryopteris. [5 marks]

(b) Insects are animals that are very successful in terms of the number of species and individuals.Explain the characteristics of insects that contribute to their success in diverse habitat. [10 marks]


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Bahagian B [60 markah]

Jawab mana-manaempat soalan dalam bahagian ini.

5 (a) Jelaskan pengangkutan oksigen dalam badan manusia. [8 markah]

(b) Bincangkan struktur haemoglobin dan bagaimana ia membawa oksigen. [7 markah]

6 (a) Namakan empat salur darah utama yang mengangkut darah dari dan ke jantung. [4 markah]

(b) Dengan menggunakan contoh-contoh yang sesuai, bezakan antara vena dan arteri. [6 markah]

(c) Terangkan ventrikular sistole. [5 markah]

7 Perihalkan perkembangan buah dan biji selepas persenyawaan. [15 markah]

8 (a) Terangkan tak disjungsi. [3 markah]

(b) Dengan bantuan gambar rajah skema, terangkan tak disjungsi kromosom homolog dalam

sindrom Turner dan sindrom Klinefelter semasa spermatogenesis dan oogenesis. [12 markah]

9 (a) Terangkan langkah-langkah yang terlibat dalam terapi gen untuk merawat ketidaknormalan

genetik. [5 markah]

(b) Lakarkan bagaimana pengecapjarian genetik dijalankan dalam bidang sains forensik.

[10 markah]

10 (a) Nyatakan perbezaan struktur antara Marchantiasp. dan Dryopterissp. [5 markah]

(b) Serangga merupakan haiwan yang berjaya dalam hal bilangan spesis dan jumlah individu.

Jelaskan ciri-ciri serangga yang menyumbangkan kepada kejayaan mereka mendiami kepelbagaian

habitat. [10 markah]

Rozaini Othman

Program Peningkatan Prestasi Akademik Biologi STPM Kedah 2012 (Paper 2)

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