1

SMK KAPIT NO.2

CHEMISTRY

Paper 2

MERGEFIELD ARAHAN

MERGEFIELD ArahanThis question paper consists of three sections: Section A, Section B and Section C.

Kertas soalan ini mengandungi tiga bahagian: Bahagian A, Bahagian B dan Bahagian C.MERGEFIELD ARAHAN

MERGEFIELD Arahan

Section ABahagianA

[60marks][60markah]

Answerallquestions in this section.Jawabsemuasoalan dalam bahagian ini.

1.Diagram shows the apparatus set up in an experiment to study the effect of the concentration of hydrochloric acid on the volume of carbon dioxide gas produced. The results of the experiment are tabulated in the table.Rajah menunjukkan susunan radas bagi satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji kesan kepekatan asid hidroklorik ke atas isi padu gas karbon dioksida yang terhasil. Keputusan eksperimen ditunjukkan pada jadual tersebut.

Diagram/Rajah

ProcedureProsedurI

II

III

IV

V

Concentration of HCl (mol dm3)KepekatanHCl (moldm-3)

2.0

1.8

1.6

1.4

1.2

Volume of CO2(cm3)Isi padu CO2(cm3)

53

36

27

16

7

Table/Jadual(a)

Writeonehypothesis for this experiment.Tuliskansatuhipotesis bagi eksperimen ini.

_____________________________________________________________________________________[1 mark/markah]

(b)

Stateallthe variables of this experiment.Nyatakankesemuapemboleh ubah eksperimen ini.i.

Manipulated variablePemboleh ubah dimanipulasikan

__________________________________________________________________________________ii.

Responding variablePemboleh ubah bergerak balas

__________________________________________________________________________________iii.

Controlled variablePemboleh ubah dikawal

__________________________________________________________________________________[3 marks/markah]

(c)

Listthreepieces of apparatus that are used in this experiment.Senaraikantigaradas yang digunakan di dalam eksperimen ini.

_____________________________________________________________________________________[3 marks/markah]

(d)

Based on the results in table, plot a graph of the volume of carbon dioxide gas produced against the concentration of the hydrochloric acid used.Berdasarkan keputusan di dalam jadual, plotkan sebuah graf isi padu gas karbon dioksida terhasil melawan kepekatan asid hidroklorik yang digunakan.[2 marks/markah]

(e)

What conclusion can you draw from the graph in (d)?Apakah kesimpulan yang boleh dibuat daripada graf di dalam(d)?

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________[2 marks/markah]

2.Diagram shows two sets of apparatus set up in an experiment to investigate the movement of particles in water at different temperatures.Rajah menunjukkan dua set alat radas yang disediakan bagi eksperimen menyiasat pergerakan zarah - zarah di dalam air yang mempunyai suhu berbeza.

Diagram/Rajah

(a)

i.

Name the process involved in this experiment.Namakan proses yang terlibat dalam eksperimen ini.

__________________________________________________________________________________[1 mark/markah]

ii.

What type of particle are present in potassium manganate(VII)?Apakah jenis zarah yang wujud dalam kalium manganat( VII )?

__________________________________________________________________________________[1 mark/markah]

iii.

Compare the rates at which the particles move in set I and set II.Bandingkan kadar pergerakan zarah - zarah dalam setIdan setII.

__________________________________________________________________________________[1 mark/markah]

iv.

Explain your answer in (iii).Terangkan jawapan anda di( iii ).

__________________________________________________________________________________[2 marks/markah]

(b)

Table shows the chemical formulae of four substances.Jadual menunjukkan formula kimia bagi empat bahan.SubstanceBahan - bahanChemical formulaFormula kimiaCarbon dioxideKarbon dioksida

CO2MagnesiumMagnesiumMg

NaphthaleneNaftalenaC10H8Sodium chlorideNatrium kloridaNaCl

Table/Jadual

i.

State the type of particles present in each of the substances in given table.Nyatakan jenis zarah - zarah yang wujud di dalam setiap bahan yang diberikan dalam jadual.

Carbon dioxide :_________________________________________________________________Karbon dioksida:

Magnesium : _________________________________________________________________Magnesium :

Naphthalene : _________________________________________________________________Naftalena :

Sodium chloride :_________________________________________________________________Natrium klorida :[4 marks/markah]

ii.

Which of the above substances has the highest melting point?Antara bahan - bahan di atas, yang manakah mempunyai takat lebur yang paling tinggi?

__________________________________________________________________________________[1 mark/markah]

iii.

Which of the above substances diffuses at the fastest rate?Antara bahan - bahan di atas, yang manakah meresap pada kadar yang paling cepat?

__________________________________________________________________________________[1 mark/markah]

3.Diagrambelow shows the apparatus set up in an experiment to determine the empirical formula of magnesium oxide.Rajahdi bawahmenunjukkan set alat radas dalam satu eksperimen untuk menentukan formula empirik bagi magnesium oksida.

Diagram/Rajah(a)

(i)

What do empirical formula and molecular formula mean?Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan formula empirik dan formula molekul?

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

[2 marks/2markah]

(ii)

Write the formula which is used in the calculation of the number of moles of the elements in magnesium oxide.Tuliskan persamaan yang diperlukan di dalam pengiraan bilangan mol di dalam magnesium oksida.

[1 mark/1markah]

(iii)

When carrying out the experiment shown above, why is it neccessary to lift the crucible lid once in a while?Semasa menjalankan eksperimen di atas, kenapa penutup perlu dibuka dari masa ke semasa?

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

[2 marks/2markah]

(b)

The information below shows the results of an experiment to determine the empirical formula of magnesium oxide.Maklumat di bawah menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen untuk menentukan formula empirik bagi magnesium oksida.

Based on the results shown above, determine the values of the following:

Berdasarkan keputusan dalam rajah, tentukan nilai bagi yang berikut:

(i)

Mass of magnesium used: ____________________________________________________________ gJisim magnesium yang digunakan[1 mark/1markah]

(ii)

Mass of oxygen that has combined with the magnesium ____________________________________gJisim oksigen yang bergabung dengan magnesium[1 mark/1markah]

(iii)

Number of moles of magnesium ______________________________________________________gBilangan mol magnesium[1 mark/1markah]

(iv)

Number of moles of oxygen_________________________________________________________gBilangan mol oksigen[1 mark/1markah]

4.Diagrambelow shows the position of some elements in the Periodic Table of Element.Rajahdi bawahmenunjukkan kedudukan beberapa unsur dalam Jadual Berkala Unsur.

Diagram/Rajah

(a)

Write the letter of the alphabet that representNyatakan huruf yang mewakili

(i)

an alkali metal,satu logam alkali,

__________________________________________________________________________________

[1 mark/markah]

(ii)

an inert gas,satu gas nadir,

__________________________________________________________________________________

[1 mark/markah]

(iii)

the elements in the halogen group.unsur-unsur dalam kumpulan halogen.

__________________________________________________________________________________

[1 mark/markah]

(b)

(i)

Name the elements that have bleaching ability.Nyatakan unsur-unsur yang mempunyai kebolehan meluntur.

__________________________________________________________________________________

[1 mark/markah]

(ii)

Arrange them according to bleaching power in ascending order.Susunkan kuasa kelunturan mereka secara menaik.

__________________________________________________________________________________

[1 mark/markah]

(iii)

Why is L not used as a bleach for clothes?MengapakahLtidak digunakan untuk meluntur pakaian?

__________________________________________________________________________________

[1 mark/markah]

(c)

Consider element O.Pertimbangkan unsurO.

(i)

Write the electronic configuration of atom O.Tuliskan konfigurasi elektron bagi atomO.

__________________________________________________________________________________

[1 mark/markah]

(ii)

Explain why atom O is stable.Terangkan mengapa atomOadalah stabil.

__________________________________________________________________________________

[1 mark/markah]

(d)

Write a possible formula for the compound formed betweenTuliskan formula yang mungkin bagi sebatian yang dibentuk antara unsur...

(i)

G and L,GdanL,__________________________________________________________________________________

[1 mark/markah]

(ii)

J and M,JdanM,

__________________________________________________________________________________

[1 mark/markah]

(iii)

F and M,FdanM,

__________________________________________________________________________________

[1 mark/markah]

(e)

Draw a diagram to show the electronic structure of the compound formed between I and oxygen.Lukiskan rajah untuk menunjukkan struktur elektron bagi sebatian antaraIdan oksigen.

[1 mark/markah]

5.(a)

(i)

The electron arrangement of the sodium is 2.8.1. Why is this element very reactive?Konfigurasi elektron bagi natrium adalah2.8.1.Kenapa unsur ini sangat reaktif?

__________________________________________________________________________________

[1 mark/1markah]

(ii)

Name one other element in group 1 that is more reactive than sodium.Namakan satu unsur lain dalam kumpulan1yang lebih reaktif dari natrium.

__________________________________________________________________________________

[1 mark/1markah]

(b)

A chlorine atom with an electron arrangement of 2.8.7 is unstable. Diagram shows a chlorine molecule that is formed between two chlorine atoms.Atom klorin dengan konfi gurasi elektron2.8.7adalah tidak stabil. Rajahdi bawahmenunjukkan molekul klorin yang terbentuk antara dua atom klorin.

Diagram/Rajah

(i)

Draw a Lewis structure to show the formation of a chlorine molecule.Lukiskan struktur Lewis yang menunjukkan pembentukan molekul klorin.

[2 marks/2markah]

(ii)

Name the type of bond in the chlorine molecule.Namakan ikatan yang terbentuk di dalam molekul klorin

__________________________________________________________________________________

[1 mark/1markah]

(c)

(i)

The electron arrangement of element X is 2.8.2 and the electron arrangement of element Y is 2.6. Name the force that exists between these two elements if they form a compound.Konfigurasi elektron bagiXadalah2.8.2dan konfigurasi elektron bagiYadalah2.6.Namakan daya yang terbentuk antara dua elemen ini apabila ia membentuk sebatian.

__________________________________________________________________________________

[1 mark/1markah]

(ii)

Write the possible ions of X and Y.Tuliskan ion yang mungkin bagiXdanY.

X: _______________________________________________________________________________

Y: _______________________________________________________________________________

[2 marks/2markah]

(d)

Diagrambelow shows the formula of a compound that is formed between two elements Q and Y (the letters used are not the actual symbols of the elements).Rajahdi bawahmenunjukkan formula bagi sebatian yang terbentuk antara unsurQdanY (abjad yang digunakan tidak mewakili simbol sebenar unsur).

Diagram/Rajah

Which groups of elements do Q and Y belong to?

Kumpulan yang manakah diwakili olehQdanY?

Q: _________________________________________________________________________________

Y: __________________________________________________________________________________

[2 marks/2markah]

6.Diagrambelow shows the set-up of an electrolytic cell. Beaker I contains a components of a simple chemical cell whereas electrolysis takes place in Beaker II.Rajahdibawahmenunjukkan susunan radas bagi satu sel elektrokimia. Bikar I mengandungi komponen sel kimia ringkas sementara proses elektrolisis berlaku di dalam Bikar II.

DIAGRAM/RAJAH

(a)

State the changes in energy in Beaker I and Beaker II.Nyatakanperubahan tenaga di dalam Bikar I dan Bikar II.Beaker I /Bikar I________________________________________________________________________________________

Beaker II/Bikar II________________________________________________________________________________________[2marks/2 markah]

(b)

Which metal is the negative terminal in Beaker I?Logam yang manakah ialah terminal negatif di dalam Bikar I?________________________________________________________________________________________[1mark/1 markah]

(c)

(i)

State the process occurred in the copper electrode in Beaker I.Nyatakan proses yang berlaku di dalam elektrod kuprum di dalam BikarI._____________________________________________________________________________________

[1mark/1 markah]

(ii)

What would you observe at the silver electrode in Beaker I?Apakah yang kamu dapat perhatikan pada elektrod argentum di dalam bikar I?_____________________________________________________________________________________[1mark/1 markah]

(d)

Write equations for reactions which occurred at anode and cathode in Beaker II.Tuliskan persamaan bagi tindak balas yang berlaku di anod dan katod di dalam Bikar II.Anode/Anod:________________________________________________________________________________________[1mark/1 markah]

Cathode/Katod:________________________________________________________________________________________[1mark/1 markah]

(e)

(i)

What happens to the voltmeter reading when the magnesium electrode in Beaker I is replace with zinc electrode?Apakahyang berlaku pada bacaan voltmeter apabila elektrod magnesium di dalam bikar I digantikan dengan elektrod zink?_____________________________________________________________________________________[1mark/1 markah]

(ii)

Explain your reasons in (e) (i).Terangkan alasan kamu di (e) (i)._____________________________________________________________________________________[2marks/2 markah]

Section BBahagianB

[20marks][20markah]

Answer anyonequestionsfrom this section.Jawab mana-manasatusoalandaripada bahagian ini.

7.An experiment is carried out to measure the rate of reaction between magnesium metal and dilute hydrochloric acid. The volume of hydrogen gas produced is measured every 15 seconds interval for a minute and then 30 seconds interval. The results obtained are recorded in Table below.Satu eksperimen dijalankan untuk mengukur kadar tindak balas antara logam magnesium dengan asid hidroklorik cair. Isi padu gas hidrogen yang terhasil diukur pada sela masa15saat selama satu minit dan seterusnya pada sela masa30saat. Keputusan yang didapati dicatatkan dalam Jadual di bawah.

Table /Jadual

(a)

What is meant by the rate of reaction?Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan kadar tindak balas?

[1mark/1markah]

(b)

Draw the graph of volume of hydrogen gas against time on the graph paper.Lukis graf jumlah isi padu gas hidrogen melawan masa pada kertas graf.

[5marks/5markah]

(c)

Based on the graph (b), calculateBerdasarkan graf di(b),hitungkan(i)

the average rate of reaction in the first minute, andkadar tindak balas purata dalam minit pertama, dan[3marks/3markah]

(ii)

rate of reaction at 30th second.kadar tindak balas pada saat ke-30.

[3marks/3markah]

(d)

The information above shows a few factors that influence the rate of reaction. Choose anytwofactors, then explain the collision theory of particles.Maklumat di atas menunjukkan beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas. Pilih mana-manaduafaktor, kemudian huraikannya dengan teori perlanggaran zarah.

[8marks/8markah]

8.(a)

The following are three chlorides that can be prepared in the laboratory.Berikut adalah tiga contoh garam klorida yang boleh disediakan di makmal.

(i)

Identify the soluble and insoluble chlorides.Tentukan klorida larut dan klorida tak terlarut.

[2 marks/2markah]

(ii)

State the reactants used for the preparation of the soluble chlorides in (a)(i).Nyatakan bahan tindakbalas yang digunakan bagi penyediaan klorida terlarut di(a)(i).

[2 marks/2markah]

(b)

With the aid of labelled diagrams, explain how a sample of a pure soluble salt can be prepared by the crystallization method.Dengan pertolongan gambarajah berlabel, terangkan bagaimana satu contoh garam terlarut tulen boleh disediakan melalui kaedah pengkristalan semula.[8 marks/8markah]

(c)

Tablebelow shows the observation from tests that are carried out on salt M.Jadualdi bawahmenunjukkan pemerhatian dari ujian yang dijalankan ke atas garamM.

Table/Jadual

Based on the information in Table above:

Berdasarkan maklumat dari Jadual di atas:

(i)

Identify an anion that is confirmed present when salt M is heated and describe a chemical test to verify the anion.Tentukan anion yang terdapat dalam ujian pemanasan dan terangkan ujian kimia untuk menentukan anion tersebut.

[4 marks/4markah]

(ii)

Identify one cation that is confirmed present in the second test and describe a chemical test to verify the cation.Tentukan satu kation yang terdapat dalam ujian kedua dan terangkan ujian kimia untuk menentukan kation tersebut.

[4 marks/4markah]

Section CBahagianC

[20marks][20markah]

Answer anyonequestionsfrom this section.Jawab mana-manasatusoalandaripada bahagian ini.

9.A student carried out three sets of experiments to investigate the factors that affect the rate of reaction.The time taken to collect 40 cm3of hydrogen gas is recorded in table below.Seorang pelajar menjalankan tiga set eksperimen untuk mengkaji faktor yang mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas.Masa yang diambil untuk mengumpul40 cm3gas hidrogen direkodkan dalam jadual di bawah.

SetReactantsBahan tindak balasTemperatureof the mixtureSuhu campuranTime taken to collect 40 cm3of hydrogen gas (s)Masa yang diambil untukmengumpul40 cm3gashidrogen(s)I

25 cm3of 0.2 mol dm3hydrochloric acid25 cm3asid hidroklorik0.2 mol dm3+

excess zinc powderserbuk zink berlebihan30C

90

II

25 cm3of 0.4 mol dm3hydrochloric acid25 cm3asid hidroklorik0.4 mol dm3+

excess zinc powderserbuk zink berlebihan30C

55

III

25 cm3of 0.2 mol dm3hydrochloric acid25 cm3asid hidroklorik0.2 mol dm3+

excess zinc powderserbuk zink berlebihan40C

30

TableJadual

(a)

Zinc, Zn reacts with hydrochloric acid, HC1 to produce zinc chloride, ZnC12and hydrogen gas, H2.Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction and calculate the maximum volume of hydrogengas produced in set I.[Relative atomic mass: Zn = 65; 1 mol of any gas occupies 24 dm3mol1at room conditions]

[4marks]

Zink,Znbertindak balas dengan asid hidroklorik,HC1menghasilkan zink klorida,ZnC12dan gas hidrogen,H2.Tulis persamaan kimia yang seimbang bagi tindak balas itu dan hitung isi padu maksimum gas hidrogenyang dihasilkan dalam setI.[Jisim atom relatif: Zn = 65; 1 molbagi sebarang gas menempati24 dm3pada keadaan bilik]

[4markah]

(b)

Based on table above, compare the rates of reactionBerdasarkan jadual di atas, bandingkan kadar tindak balas(i)

between set I and set IIantara setIdan setII

(ii)

between set I and set IIIantara setIdan setIII

By referring to collision theory, explain your answer in (b)(i) or (b)(ii).

[6marks]

Dengan merujuk kepada teori perlanggaran, terangkan jawapan anda di(b)(i)atau(b)(ii).

[6markah]

(c)

Catalyst and size of reactants can also affect the rate of reaction between acid and zinc.Chooseoneof these two factors and describe an experiment to show how this factor affects the rateof reaction.

[10marks]

Mangkin dan saiz bahan tindak balas juga dapat mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas antara asid dengan zink.Pilihsatudaripada dua faktor ini dan huraikan satu eksperimen untuk menunjukkan bagaimana faktor inidapat mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas.[10markah]

10.(a)

Diagrambelow shows a pure copper ring and a brass ring.Rajahdi bawahmenunjukkan cincin kuprum tulen dan cincin tembaga.

Diagram /Rajah

(i)

Explain why the brass ring is harder than the pure copper ring.Terangkan kenapa cincin tembaga lebih keras berbanding cincin kuprum tulen.

[7marks/markah]

(ii)

State the purpose of alloying.Nyatakan tujuan pengaloian.[3marks/markah]

(b)

Design an experiment to compare the hardness of pure copper and brass.Rancangkan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji kekerasan antara kuprum tulen dan tembaga.

[10marks/markah]

Disediakan olehDisemak olehDisahkan oleh

(Henry Leng)

Guru Subjek Kimia SMKK2

(Sia Stze Yiiun) Ketua Panitia Kimia SMKK2

(Sim Siong Hee)

Ketua Bidang sains dan Matematik SMKK2

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