StaraniseBungaLawangH1N1cure
Transcript of StaraniseBungaLawangH1N1cure
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Staranise(BungaLawang)CureforH1N1?FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia
Thisarticleisaboutananiselikespice.Fortheevergreenshrubcalled"staranise"intheEastern
UnitedStates,seeIlliciumfloridanum.
Staranise
Staranisefruits(Illiciumverum)Scientificclassification
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Magnoliophyta
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Austrobaileyales
Family: Illiciaceae
Genus: Illicium
Species: I.verumBinomialnameIlliciumverum
Hook.f.
Staranise,staraniseed,badianeorChinesestaranise,(Chinese: ,pinyin:bjio,lit."eighthorn";Malayalam: )isaspicethatcloselyresemblesaniseinflavor,obtainedfromthestarshapedpericarpofIlliciumverum,asmallnativeevergreentreeofsouthwestChina.
Thestarshapedfruitsareharvestedjustbeforeripening.ItiswidelyusedinChinesecuisine,in
Indiancuisinewhereitisamajorcomponentofgarammasala,andinMalayIndonesian
cuisine.ItiswidelygrownforcommercialuseinChina,India,andmostothercountriesinAsia.
StaraniseisaningredientofthetraditionalfivespicepowderofChinesecooking.Itisalsoa
majoringredientinthemakingofph,aVietnamesenoodlesoup.Itisusedasaspicein
preparationofBiryaniinAndhraPradesh,astateofsouthernIndia.InMarathi,itiscalled
BarDan( )whichliterallymeans"spicewithtwelve( )seeds( )".
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UsagesCulinaryusesStaranisecontainsanethole,thesameingredientwhichgivestheunrelatedaniseitsflavor.
Recently,staranisehascomeintouseintheWestasalessexpensivesubstituteforanisein
baking
as
well
as
in
liquor
production,
most
distinctively
in
the
production
of
the
liquor
Galliano.ItisalsousedintheproductionofSambuca,pastis,andmanytypesofabsinthe.
MedicinalusesStaranisehasbeenusedinateaasaremedyforrheumatism,andtheseedsaresometimes
chewedaftermealstoaiddigestion.Asawarmandmovingherb,BaJiaoisusedtoassistin
relievingcoldstagnationinthemiddlejiao,accordingtoTCM.
Shikimicacid,aprimaryfeedstockusedtocreatetheantifludrugTamiflu,isproduced
bymostautotrophicorganisms,butstaraniseistheindustrialsource.In2005,there
wasatemporaryshortageofstaraniseduetoitsuseinmakingTamiflu.Lateinthat
year,awaywasfoundofmakingshikimicacidartificially.Rochenowderivessomeof
therawmaterialitneedsfromfermentingE.colibacteria.The2009swineflu(H1N1)
outbreakledtoanotherseriesofshortagesasstocksofTamifluwerebuiltuparound
theworld,sendingpricessoaring.[1]
StaraniseisgrowninfourprovincesinChinaandharvestedbetweenMarchandMay.Itsalso
foundinthesouthofNewSouthWales.Theshikimicacidisextractedfromtheseedsinaten
stagemanufacturingprocesswhichtakesayear.Reportssay90%oftheharvestisalreadyused
bytheSwisspharmaceuticalmanufacturerRocheinmakingTamiflu,butotherreportssay
thereisanabundanceofthespiceinthemainregions Fujian,Guangdong,Guangxiand
Yunnan.
Japanesestaranise(Illiciumanisatum),asimilartree,isnotediblebecauseitishighlytoxic(duetocontainingsikimitoxin);instead,ithasbeenburnedasincenseinJapan.Casesofillness,
including"seriousneurologicaleffects,suchasseizures",reportedafterusingstaranisetea
maybearesultofusingthisspecies.Japanesestaranisecontainsanisatin,whichcausessevere
inflammationofthekidneys,urinarytractanddigestiveorgans.
UsingStarAniseasaremedyforcolicisdangerousasreferencedhere.
Standardizationofitsproductsandservices ISO676:1995 containstheinformationaboutthenomenclatureofthevarietyand
cultivars[2]
Identification
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Refertothe4theditionoftheEuropeanPharmacopoeia[1153].DifferentiationwithotherspeciesJoshietal.havetriedthetechniquesoffluorescentmicroscopyandgaschromatography
[3]to
distinguishedthespecies,whileLedereretal.employedthestateoftheartwhichcombinesthe
technologyofTLCwithHPLCMS/MS.[4]
Specifications ISO11178:1995 aspecificationforitsdriedfruits[5] GB/T7652:2006 aChinesestandardoftheproduct[6]
Notes&References1. ^LouisaLim,"SwineFluBumpsUpPriceOfChineseSpice",NPR,18May20092. ^InternationalOrganizationforStandardization."ISO676:1995Spicesandcondiments
Botanicalnomenclature".
http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=4844.
Retrieved8June2009.
3. ^Joshi,VaishaliC.etal.(2005)."RapidandEasyIdentificationofIlliciumverumHook.f.andItsAdulterantIlliciumanisatumLinn.byFluorescentMicroscopyandGasChromatography".Journal
ofAOACInternational(AOACInternational)88(3):703706.doi:10.1542/peds.20040058.PMID
15492355.http://www.atyponlink.com/AOAC/doi/abs/10.5555/jaoi.2005.88.3.703.Retrieved
10November.
4. ^Lederer,Inesetal.(2006)."CombinationofTLCandHPLCMS/MSMethods.ApproachtoaRationalQualityControlofChineseStarAnise".JournalofAgriculturalandFoodChemistry
(AmericanChemicalSociety)54(6):19701974.doi:10.1021/jf058156b.
5.^
International
Organization
for
Standardization.
"ISO
11178:1995
Star
anise
(Illicium
verum
Hook.f.) Specification".http://www.iso.org/iso/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=19183.
Retrieved8June2009.
6. ^ ."GB/T76522006 ".http://www.chinaios.com/BZshuju/standshow.asp?table=gbtwo&id=18357.Retrieved8June2009.
Bibliography ITIS505892 FDAIssuesAdvisoryonStarAnise"Teas"
Dysosma
versipellis
Fatsia Illicium Japanesestaranise Pimpinellaanisum