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Biologi Laut | Terumbu Karang
Romanus E Prabowo
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Faktor Lingkungan Yang Mempengaruhi
Hewan Karang dan Terumbu Karang
Romanus E Prabowo
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Faktor Lingkungan untuk Pertumbuhan Terumbu
Karang Sehat
• Perairan laut tropis yang hangat
• Salinitas air laut normal
• Radiasi matahari
•Nutrient anorganik yang rendah
• Turbiditas rendah
• Sedimentasi rendah
• Gerakan air yang kuat
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Spektrum Radiasi Elektromagnetik
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PAR Photosyntetic Active Radiation
• The spectral range (wave
band) of solar radiation from
400 to 700 nanometers that
photosynthetic organisms
are able to use in theprocess of photosynthesis
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Absorbsi cahaya dalam Lautan
Light Intensity
• decreases with depth
• 100 meter = depth limit of hermatypic corals primarily a result
of the overall reduction in light• many studies have focused upon how changing light
intensities with depth affect the photosynthesis of
zooxanthellae of corals
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Absorbsi cahaya dalam Lautan
Spectral Characteristics
• red wavelengths absorbed more readily by water than blue
wavelenths
•
blue light penetrates deepest in the oceans• the change in the spectral characteristics of light with depth
likely to influence plant photosynthesis
• less work has been done to understand the influence of the
spectral distribution of light on zooxanthellae photosynthesisin corals
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Absorbsi cahaya dalam Lautan
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Absorbsi cahaya dalam Lautan
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Produktivitas Primer
The rate of production of organic matter by autotrophs
Photosynthesis
6CO2 + 6H2O = C6H12O6 + 6O2
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Produktivitas Primer
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Photoadaptation in Corals
• Changes in pigment concentrations and algal densities in
response to light intensity
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Photoadaptation in Corals
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Absorption of Ultraviolet Radiation by the
Earth’s Atmsophere
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Absorption of Ultraviolet Radiation by the
Earth’s Atmsophere
• damage to DNA resultingin mutations
• damage to other
biological moleculeso proteins: enzyme
inactivation
o lipids: disruption of cellmembranes andmembrane transportsystems
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Absorption of Ultraviolet Radiation by the
Earth’s Atmsophere
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Ultraviolet Absorbing Compounds in Corals
• mycosporine-like amino acids (MAA’s)
• MAA’s apparently produced by zooxanthellae but stored in
the animal tissues
• concentrations greater in shallow water corals than in deeper
ones
• transplation experiments demonstrate adaptional changes in
pigment concentrations
• positively buoyant eggs exhibit higher concentrations of
pigments than do negatively buoyant eggs
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Corals and UV Radiation
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