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Sr Dr. Mohd Saidin Misnan
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA
81310 UTM Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
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Contents1. Organisationstructurean ro es2. Implementationofsafetymanagement,
auditandreview3. Monitoring
. po cympor an eve opmen
5. Safetytrainning
programme
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DuPontTenPrinciplesofSafety
Management n ur esan occupa ona nessesare
preventable.
Managementisdirectlyresponsiblefordoingthis.
Safetyisaconditionofemployment.
Trainingisrequired.
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DuPont
Ten
Principles
of
Safety
Mana ement
Safetyauditsandinspectionsmustbecarriedout.
Deficienciesmustbecorrectedpromptly.
Allunsafepractices,incidentsandinjuryaccidents
will beinvesti ated.
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DuPontTenPrinciplesofSafety
Management
Safetyawayfromworkisasimportantas
safetyatwork
Incidentprevention
is
cost
effective;
the
highestcostishumansuffering.
Employeesmustbeactivelyinvolved.
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Principle
of
Control
SubstitutionModify process
Enclosure
Local exhaust
Fugitive
HousekeepingGeneral
ventilation
Continuous area
monitoring
Training andeducation
Worker rotation
Enclosure of
worker
em ss on con ro
Isolation
u on
ventilation
Automation or
remote control
ersona
monitoring
Personal
protective devices
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Offshore in Indonesia (non-BP site), a worker was cutting aluminum roof using a granite grinder, the
rinders wheel broke a art and hit his face causin serious in ur between his u er li s and nose. After
first aid treatment he was sent to Samarinda Hospital for further treatment. The doctor at Samarinda
Hospital recommended he be hospitalized for about two weeks.
Based on manufacturer specification, Makita grinder model 9006B should use 6 grinding wheel, speed
load 10,000 RPM. 9.5 grinding wheel was used instead of using 6 grinding wheel. This wheel was over
sized and allowed only to be run at 3400 RPM. Grinding wheel was running at 10,000 RPM (over rated
speed) causing the wheel fly apart and hit the mechanics face.
What Went Wrong
Utilised improper tool.
No grinder safety guard.
Not using face shield for PPE.
Mechanic has been warned but he ignored it.
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Promotional
Technique
Usecombinationsofthefollowing
techniquestoreinforcehealthandsafety
message.
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TrafficManagement(PDRM)
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Promotional
Technique ea ng yexamp e
Employeeinvolvement
Useofreward,incentivesanddisincentives
es prac ce
Communication
Training
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Leading
By
Example
mustneverignoresafetyrules
Useofnonverbalcommunications:
To mana ementseentobecommitted
Safetyis
enforced
by
management
at
all
levels
andnotbythesafetyofficeralone
Suggestionimplementedifappropriate
anagementareawareo t e rnonver a
communicationstylesandisagoodlistener
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Employee
Involvement
OSHsafetyday,week,month
Competitions
ManagementreportingofIncidentsonnoticeboards,
u et nsan news etters
Ongoing
hazard
spotting
and
near
miss
reporting,
inspections,housekeeping,etc.
Managementinteractionsthroughmeetings,
committeesandgatherings
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ScaffoldingErectionCourse(ABM)
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UseOfRewardsRecognition
IncentivesAnd
Disincentives
RewardsRecognitionIncentivesarewellknown
techniquesusedformotivations.
InsomeorganisationsgoodperformanceinOSHis
employeestermofemployment
Annualbonuspenaltyagainstnonperforming
departments
Needtobecareful. Itmightresultedinlessornonereportingof
incidents
s ncen ves roug pena esan con rac awar use
oncontractors
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Best
Practice opmanagemen prov es ea ers p
Safetycontrolsmustbedesignedintoevery
Managersatalllevelsareresponsiblefor
shortcuts
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Best
Practice
ObjectivesandTargetssetting
Enforcementofhighqualitystandards
Adoptionofoccupationalsafetyandhealth
managementsystemsstandards
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Employee
Attitude
Survey '
reality
Productivityandmoraleiscloselylinkedto
perceptionsoftheirworkenvironment
ues onse.g.
Qualityof
management
communications
Satisfactionwithemployeetraining
Safet andhealthconcerns
Cooperationamongpeersandworkgroups
Understandingacorporategoalsandmission
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Why
Train
And
Retrain? .
Shortcutforlearningfromexperience.
Employeesneedtoknowwhattheyarelookingator
whattodoandwhattolookfor.
Cannotassumeexperiencefrompreviousemployer
issimilar.
Materials,processesandtechnologymayhave
chan ed.
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CommonSense?
AMistaken
Assumption!
Trainingandcommonsense
Soundjudgementscouldonlybedeveloped
overtimethroughexperienceandspecific
workplacesettings
and
specific
tasks.
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Legal
Requirements
Regulationrequiretrainingandcompetency
of workers.
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Legal
Requirements
FactoryAndMachineryAct1967
LeadRegulations1984,AsbestosProcessRegulations1986,
etc.
OccupationalSafetyAndHealthAct1994
USECHHRegulations2000,CIMAHRegulations1996,Safety
andHealth
Committee
Regulations
1996,
SHO
Regulations
1997
Operatorcompetencyrequirements
Crane,scaffold,forklift,enginedriver,chargeman,confined
space,etc.
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Assessing
Training
Needs Begintheassessment byestablishing:
Aimsandobjectivesoftraining
Timescale
Levelatwhichtrainingisrequired
Conductatrainingneedsanalysis:
Identifyjobtobedoneandskillrequired
Identifyskills gaps
Traintocovertheshortfall
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Levels
Of
Training
Awareness
general
Specific Skills
Competencies
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Training
Documentation
contractortraining:
T e
Namesof
trainees
Checksonlearning
Date
Date/typeofnexttraining
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TrainingonPPE
Whatcontrolmeasurescanbetaken
ThetypeofPPEsuitableforuse
ThelimitationsofPPE
Demonstrationofcorrectuse
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Training
Documentation
Shouldbekeptforallemployeesand
contractortraining:
Type
Namesoftrainees
Checksonlearning
Date/typeofnexttraining
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Levels
Of
Documentation
Whatisadocument
Paperorbookletprovidinginformation
Thereare
four
levels
of
documentation
Manual
Procedures
Instructions
Formsandrecords
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TheDocumentation
Pyramid
Procedures
SafetyManual
Instructions
, ,
Hierarchy Of Documentation
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Whatare
OSH
Manuals
For?
Provideinformationforeffectivecontrol
ofhazardsinthework lace
Tocontrol
OSH
management
activities
inaccordancewithrequirements
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Contents
Of
OSH
Manual
Statements,procedures,instructionsand
records
Themanualattheminimumcontain: OSHpolicystatementandOSHobjectives
Assignmentof
roles
and
responsibilities
for
Listofsignificanthazards/risksandarrangementsfor
preventionandcontrol
Personnelcompetencyandtrainingrecords
Procedures,instructionsandotherinternal
documentsforOSHmanagement
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ToolboxMeeting
Toolboxmeetingsarecarriedoutregularly:
Everymorningbythesupervisorbeforetheworkersstart
theirwork
Toremindworkersofthedangerorhazardsinthe
workplaceduringtheactivitiesfortheday
Brief(1015minutes)andononetopic
Attentionisgiventorequirementforattendantsand
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PromotionalTechnique
secom na onso e o ow ng ec n ques
toreinforcehealthandsafetymessage
Leadingbyexample
mp oyee nvo vemen
Useof
reward,
incentives
and
disincentives
Bestpractice
ommun ca on
Training
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LeadingBy
Example
Managementatalllevelsandonalloccasions
mustneverignoresafetyrules
Useofnonverbalcommunications
Topmanagementseentobecommitted
Safetyis
enforced
by
management
at
all
levels
and
notbythesafetyofficeralone
Su estionim lementedifa ro riate
Managementareawareoftheirnonverbal
communicationstylesandisagoodlistener
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EmployeeInvolvement Jointmanagementemployeeprogrammes
OSHsafetyday,week,month
Competitions
ManagementreportingofIncidentsonnotice
oar s, u etinsan news etters
Ongoinghazardspottingandnearmissreporting,inspections,housekeeping,etc.
,
committeesandgatherings
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UseOfRewardsRecognition
IncentivesAnd
Disincentives
RewardsRecognitionIncentivesarewell
knowntechniquesusedformotivations
InsomeorganisationsgoodperformanceinOSHis
emp oyee s ermo emp oymen
Annualbonus
penalty
against
non
performing
departments
Needtobecareful. Itmightresultedinlessornone
reportingofincidents
Disincentivesthroughpenaltiesandcontract
awardusedoncontractors
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BestPractice
opmanagemen prov es ea ers p
Safetycontrolsmustbedesignedintoeveryaspectof
theorganisation
Managersatalllevelsareresponsibleforsafetyand
health safetyfirstandnoshortcuts
ObjectivesandTargetssettling
Enforcementofhighqualitystandards
op ono occupa ona sa e yan ea
managementsystemsstandards
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EmployeeAttitude
Survey
easuresemp oyees percep ons; ercep on s
reality
Productivityandmoraleiscloselylinkedto
perceptionsoftheirworkenvironment
Questionse.g.
Qualityofmanagementcommunications
Satisfactionwithemployeetraining
a e yan ea concerns
Cooperationamongpeersandworkgroups
Understandingacorporategoalsandmission
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ImportanceOf
Communication
Mostofourworkinglifeisspent
communicating:togetthingsdone,to
reportortoreceiveinstructions
o o tocommun catetowor ers,
colleagues,managers
and
the
authorities
SHOmustbeawareofhisverbalandnon
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Construction
Injuriesby
Body
Part
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PersonalProtective
Equipment(PPE)
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