DAFTAR GAMBARBAB II Gambar 2.1 Blok Diagram Sistem Hybrid PLTS dengan PLTD.4

Gambar 2.2 Blok Diagram sistem PLTS......................................................9Gambar 2.3 Susunan Panel / Array Photovoltaic........................................10Gambar 2.4 Hubung Seri Modul Photo Voltaik.........................................11Gambar 2.5 Hubung Paralel Modul Photo Volataik..................................12Gambar 2.6 Hubungan Seri Paralel Solar Sel.........................................13Gambar 2.7 Kurva Arus-Tegangan dari sebuah modul surya....................14Gambar 2.8 Kurva I-V sebagai fungsi radiasi matahari.............................15Gambar 2.9 Kurva I-V sebagai fungsi temperatur sel...............................15Gambar 2.10 Solar Charge Controller.......................................................17Gambar 2.11 Batrey dan elemen elemennya........................................19Gambar 2.12 Baterai 2 V/420 Ah...........................................................20Gambar 2.13 Prinsip Kerja Inverter........................................................23Gambar 2.14 Miniflex Inverter 1000 VA...............................................23Gambar 2.15 Blok Diagram Rectifier....................................................25Gambar 2.15 Skema Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Diesel.......................26Gambar 2.16 Genset diesel 20 KVA.....................................................27Gambar 2.17 Cara Kerja Mesin Diesel..................................................31Gambar 2.18 Proses pembakaran mesin diesel.....................................31Gambar 2.19 Blok Diagram aliran bahan bakar pada mesin diesel......32Gambar 2.20 Aliran minyak pelumas mesin dalam keadaan dingin.....34Gambar 2.21 Sistem Pendingin Air.......................................................36Gambar 2.22 Sistem Penyaluran Udara................................................36Gambar 2.23 Konstruksi generator sinkron..........................................38Gambar 2.24 Rotor salient (kutub sepatu) pada generator sinkron.......39Gambar 2.25 Gambaran bentuk (a) rotor Non-salient (rotor silinder) (b) penampang rotor pada generator sinkron.........................................39Gambar 2.26. Gambaran sederhana kumparan 3-fasa dan tegangan yang dibangkitkan..................................................................................41Gambar 2.27 Wiring diagram ATS-AMF 20 kVA,380 V, 50 Hz.........43Gambar 2.28 Bagian Luar ATS-AMF.................................................... 45Gambar 2.29 Bagian dalam ATS AMF................................................. 46

1.1 ...................................11.2 Rumusan Masalah 21.3 Ruang Lingkup Dan Batasan Masalah .21.4 Sistematika Penulisan ..........................................................................2BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA2.1 Sistem PLTH ..................................................................................42.1.1 Pengertian Sistem Hibrid Fotovoltaik Diesel................................4 2.1.2 Komponen Konfigurasi PLTH pada BTS.........................................72.1.3 Cara Kerja PLTH secara Umum........................................................72.2 Sistem PLTS ...............................................82.2.1 Prinsip Kerja PLTS............................................................................82.2.2 Komponen PLTS ..............................................................................92.2.2a Solar Panel / Photovoltaik................................................................92.2.2b Hubung Seri Modul Photovoltaik....................................................112.2.2c Hubung Paralel Modul Photovoltaik................................................122.2.2.d Hubung Seri Paralel Modul Photovoltaik....................................122.2.2e Krakteristik Modul Surya.................................................................132.2.2f Solar Charger Control.......................................................................162.2.2g Batrei ...............................................................................................192.2.2h Perhitungan Kapasitas Batrei...........................................................212.2.2i Inverter..............................................................................................222.2.2j Penyearah ( Rectifier ).......................................................................252.3 Sistem PLTD ( Pembangkit Tenaga Diesel ).........................................262.3.1 Pengertian PLTD................................................................................262.3.2 Genset.................................................................................................272.3.3 Mesin Diesel.......................................................................................282.3.3.a1 Pengertian Mesin Diesel................................................................282.3.3.a2 Prinsip Prinsip Diesel.................................................................292.3.3.a3 Diesel Sebagai Penggerak Mula....................................................302.3.3.a4 Penyaluran Bahan Bakar...............................................................322.3.3.a5 Cara Kerja Sistem Penyaluran Bahan Bakar................................332.3.3.a6 Fungsi Saringan........................................332.3.3.a7 Sistem Pelumasan........................................................................342.3.3.a8 Sistem Pendingin.........................................................................352.3.3.b Generator Pada Genset.................................................................372.3.3.b1 Generator Sinkron.......................................................................372.4 ATS ( Automatic Transfer Switch )....................................................412.4.1 Prinsip Kerja dan Rancangan ATS AMF.....................................432.4.2 Bagian bagian ATS AMF dan Fungsinya.................................442.4.3 Perhitungan Konsumsi Bahan Bakar Generator Diesel...................472.4.3.1 Specific Fuel Consumption (SFC)................................................472.4.3.2 Berat jenis bahan bakar.................................................................482.4.3.3 Perhitungan Konsumsi Bahan Bakar.............................................482.5 Perhitungan Investasi..........................................................................492.5.1 Pengertian Investasi.........................................................................492.5.2 Analisa Biaya...................................................................................492.5.2a Biaya Siklus Hidup.........................................................................492.5.2b Menghitung Biaya Energi PLTS....................................................502.5.3 Analisa Biaya Investasi PLTD............................................................51BAB III METODE PEMBAHASAN 3.1 Deskripsi Sistem PLTH pada PT Bakrie Telecom, Tbk.523.2 Pembahasan Masalah yang akan dibahas55 3.3 Langkah Dan Metode Pembahasan.553.3.1 Data Spesifik Teknisi Komponen PLTS dan PLTD.........................55BAB IV PEMBAHASAN4.1 Penghitungan Beban yang di pakai PLTS dan PLTD pada PT Bakrie Telecom, Tbk............................................................624.1a Menentukan Beban harian PLTS......................................................614.1b Biaya Sikuls Hidup............................................................................654.1c Mengitung Biaya Energi PLTS..........................................................684.2 Menentukan Beban harian PLTD........................................................694.2.a Menghitung Konsumsi Bahan Bakar Genset..............................704.2b Biaya Siklus Hidup.............................................................................724.2c Menghitung Biaya Energi PLTD........................................................734.3 Perbandingan biaya operasional pemakaian Genset tanpa PLTS/ PV dan dengan menggunaan PLTS/ PV selama satu tahun74

4.4 Perbandingan Biaya Operasional Genset dan PV selama 5 tahun.75

BAB V PENUTU5.1 Kesimpulan............................................................................................775.2 Saran......................................................................................................77Daftar Pustaka...........................................................................................78LAMPIRAN