Sistem Integumen Blok 5

7/24/2019 Sistem Integumen Blok 5

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INTEGUMAN SYSTEM

BLOK 5

DAFTAR ISI


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BAB HALAMANSISTEM INTEGUMEN 1 2SISTEM INTEGUMEN 2 13HISTOLOGI 2 16FARMAKAOLOGI 1 23FARMAKAOLOGI 2 35PATOFISIOLOGI INTEGUMEN 59ASKEP TUMOR SISTEM

INTEGUMEN

79

PENGKAJIAN 86ASKEP LUKA BAKAR 93

A. Komponen-Komponen Sistem integ men

!. Epi"e#mis $

Stratu !"r#$u

Stratu %u!&'u


3/78

Stratu (ra#u)"%u

Stratu )*")u

Stratu +a)a%$

%. De#mis

Pa*&%ar, %a,$r -%a*&)a# *a*&%$r.

R$t&!u%ar %a,$r -%a*&)a# r$t&/u%$r.

&. Hipo"e#mis -%a*&)a# )u+/uta#.

'. (o#e -*"r&0*"r& /u%&t.

5. Meissne# )o#p s)*e -)ara M$&)#$r.

+. (,))ini,n )o#p s)*e -)ara Pa!!&.

. F#ee ne# es en"ing -u u#( )ara +$+a).

/. G*,n" *, se0,)e, -/$%$# ar )$+a)$a.

1. Senso#2 ne# e 30e# -urat )ara )$#)"r&.

!4. H,i# #oot -a/ar ra +ut.

!!. H,i# o**i)*e - "%&/$% ra +ut.

!%. A#te#i

!&. 6en,

!'. A"iposse tiss e - ar(a# a'&*")a.

!5. E7o)#ine s8e,t tiss e -/$%$# ar /$r(at $/)"/r.

!+. Me*,no)2te

B. Epi"e#mis

0 Su*$r !&a%4 t&*&)4 t$r'&r& 'ar& ar(a# E*&t$%

0 T&'a/ t$r'a*at ),ara

0 T&'a/ t$r'a*at *$ +u%u 'ara

0 T$r'a*at *&( $# me*,nin ,a#( $ru*a/a# ar#a *a'a

/u%&t

Me*,nin 9 g, 0e# ngsi me*in" ngi ",#i Sin,# U6

:. Tipe Se* Epi"e#mis


4/78

1 K$rat

2 M$%a#")&t

3 S$% La#($r a#)

S$% Mar/$%%

5 Stratu +a)a%$

!. Ke#,tin

0 E*&'$r &) t$r)u)u# ata) st#,ti3e" s; ,mo s

epit


5/78

0 A*0ino ,",*,< =on"isi ti",= ,",n2, me*,nosit

0 6iti*igo ,",*,< =on"isi ti",= ,",n2, me*,nosit

se),#, se0,gi,n

Ta#'a0ta#'a /$%aa# tu+u +$r'a)ar/a# ar#a /u%&t @

o :2,nosti) =e0i# ,n a'a%a ta#'a =e= #,ng,n

O=sigen In,"e; ,te O72gen

o C, n"i)e = ning t$r a'& /ar$#a pigment,si

Bi**i# 0in ,a#( $#('&/a)& g,ngg ,ng Li e#

H,ti

o E#it#em, =eme#,a% ,a#( '&t$ u/a# '& $*&'$r &)4

$ *u#,a& )a*) 'a# 0e#< 0 ng,n "eng,n

som,tosenso#2 ,#e en me=,no#esepto#

#,ngs,ng sent =e*en9,# se0,se,>

o*i=e* #,m0 t

De#mis t$r)u)u# 'ar& % *,pis,n $

!. L,pis,n (,pi*e#

0 ! 5 'ar& tot,* *,pis,n "e#mis

0 T$r'&r& 'ar& 9,#ing,n =one=ti s ,eo#,* =o*,gen

",n e*,stis

0 T$r'a*at #esepto# t,)ti*e meissne# )o#p s) *,#

a/ &ra# )ara u#tu/ )$#tu a#

0 T$r'a*at,=


7/78

0 o*i=e* #,m0 t> s,#, > g*,n" *, se0,se,> g*,n" *,

s "o#i e#,

E. A=seso#is K *it

1 Ra +ut 'a# "%&/$%#,a

2 Ku/u

3 K$%$# ar0/$%$# ar

R$)$*t"r )ara

!. R,m0 t ",n Fo*i=e* #,m0 t

0 Ha&rC*&%%& t$r'a*at '&)$+a(&a# +$)ar *$r u/aa# /u%&t

=e) ,*i te*,p,= t,ng,n> pe#m =,,n 9,#i ",n

te*,p,= =,=i

0 Pa'a "ra#( '$ a)a4 #,m0 t 0i,s,n2, t m0 men9,g, = *it tet,p *em0 t 'a#

meng *o=,si ",n tipe

se=#esin2, $

E))#ine


9/78

Apo)#ine

&. K =

K = '&(u#a/a# u#tu/ $ *$r/uat 'a,a ($#((a 4

$ "t"#( "+ $/4 $#((aru/4 $#u)u/4 $%'u#(& /u%&t

ar& )$rta r$)$*t"r )ara ,a#( ta a

F. F ngsi K *it

1 B%""' R$)$r>"&r2 Pr"t$/)&

3 Duta#$"u) )$#)at&"#

St$)&) =&ta

!. B*oo" Rese# oi#

0 $r &) t$r'a*at +a#,a/ *$ +u%u 'ara

0 Pa'a "ra#( '$ a)a $ +a a )$/&tar 801 : 'ar& t"ta%

a%&ra# 'ara *a'a "ra#( '$ a)a

0 ar& a%a)a# & )$ ((a /u%&t )$+a(a& +%%"' r$)$r>"&r

%. (#ote=si

0 Ku%&t $%'u#(& tu+u '$#(a# +$r+a(a& a!a !ara

0 K$rat $%'u#(& ar(a# '&+a a #,a 'ar& &/r"+a4

a+ra)&4 *a#a) 'a# ;at /& &a

0 PH a)a $#!$(a *$r/$ +a#(a# &/r"+a

0 P&( $# $%a# $#!$(a /$ru)a/a# $ $/ 'ar& U=

0 T$r'a*at )$% La#($r a#) - $#!$(a a)u/#,a +a/t$r&

,a#( +$r+a a,a.

&. Curneous Sensation

0 S$#)a)& ,a#( +&)a '&ra)a/a# '&/u%&t )$*$rt& @


10/78

0 S$#)a)& tra/t&% @ )$#tu a#4 t$/a#a#4 ($tara#

0 T&!/%( -($%&. )a a '$#(a# )$#)a)& t $r a% -*a#a) 'a#

'(.

0 S$#)a)& !uta#$"u) ,a#( %a @ #,$r& )$+a(a& '&/a)&

a'a /$ru)a/a# ar(a#

0 &/u%&t t$r'a*at >ar&a)& 'ar& a/ &ra# )ara 'a# r$)$*t"r

,a#( t$r)$+ar '&/u%&t t$r a)u/ '&)!) ta!t&%$ '&

$*&'$r &)4 !ur*u)!%$) " t"u! '& '$r &)'a# a&r r""t

*%$ u)$) ,a#( +$ra'a '&)$/$%&%( "rt&/$% ra +ut

'. E=#esi ",n A0so#0si

Ku%&t #"r a%#,a $ &%&/& u#()& )$+a(a& @

1 E/)/r$)& @ *$ +ua#(a# )u+)ta#)& 'ar& 'a%a tu+u

2 A+)"r+)& @ a)u/#,a at$r&a% 'ar& %uar /$'a%a

tu+u

5. Sintesis 6it,min D

0 St$)&) =&t '&/u%&t $ +utu /a# *r$/u)"r )ar U=

"%$ ata ar&

0 E#;, $ '& %&>$r 'a# '& ( a% $ "'& /a)& a/t& #,a

"%$/u% )$ ((a $ *$r"'u/)& !a%!&tr&"%

0 Da%!&tr&"% a'a%a "r "#$ ,a#( $ +a#tu a+)"r)&

/a%)&u *a'a a/a#a# 'ar& G% /$ 'ara

0 U= a#,a '&+utu /a# 'a%a u %a /$!&% u#tu/ )t$)&)

=&t -1 015 $#&t 'a%a 2 C ((u.

G. Homeost,sis (en2em0


11/78

!. Epi"e#m,* 8o n"


12/78

2. Mat$r&a% a)(3.

P$r)&a*a# *$#,$ +u a#0 =a)"'&%ata)& 'a# *$#(/ata# *$r $a+&%&ta) *a'a

*$ +u%u 'ara $ *$r!$*at *$#(&r& a# )$% )$% ,a#(

$ +a#tu 'a%a a)$ a a)&

0 S$% )$% t$r)$+ut $ru*a/a# )$% a(")&t 'ar& )$% 'ara *ut&

-#$utr" %4 "#"!,t$. ,a#( +$ru+a $# a'& a/r" a(

,a#( $ a(")&t &/r"+a 'a# )$% $)$#/& ,a#(

+$r/$ +a#( $# a'& +r"+%a)t0 M$#!$(a *$#,$+ara# $/)&

In ,m,si te#9,"i ",*,m tig, ,se$

0 H&)ta 'a# *r"t$ /" *%$ $# $#(/at/a#

>a)"'&%ata)& 'a# *$r $a+&%&ta) /a*&%$r4)$ ((a t$r a'&

*$#(/ata# at&ra# 'ara /$ ar$a )$ ((a u#!u% ta#'a0

ta#'a /$ $ra a#4 +$#(/a/4 *a#a)

0 N$utr" % 'a# "#")&t +$r $ &(ra)& /$ ar$a %u/a /$ u'&a#

$%a/u/a# a(")&t")&) t$r a'a* +a/t$r& Pu)4 !a&ra# 'a#

/u *u%a# )$% at& t$r a'& *a'a a)$ $/)&

0 F&+r"($#4 $ +$/u/a# 'ara 4 $#!$(a /$ &%a#(a#

'ara 4 )$%a# ut#,a '&&/ut& '$#(a# *$r+a&/a# ar(a# ,a#(

+aru u#tu/ $#((a#t&/a# ar(a# ,a#( at&

SISTEM INTEGUMEN %

B2. N # it, R s"i,n,


13/78

!. Men9,g, t 0 < ",#i "ea*"ra)& ,a#(

t$r&a%u +$)ar4 $)/&*u# $>a*"ra)& *a)t& t$r a'&.- &/u%&t t$r'a*at /$rat ,a#( t$r)$+ar '&)$&uru

*$r u/aa# $*&'$r &)- K$rat $ru*a/a# *r"t$ at$r *r"

R$)&/" t$r/$#a $/)& +a/t$r&4 +$r$)&/" /$ &%a#(a# )$ u %a

+$)ar H2 $%a%u& $>a*"ra)&

$ ,'rat&"#

&'a%a *%a) a 'ara a/a# t$r a'& $ "/"#)$#tra)& $ tr$ $

P$#(/ata# /"#)$#tra)& 'ara $%$+& & #"r a%

P%a) a 'ara $# a'& &*$rt"#&/ -/$ &%a#(a# !a&ra# $%$+& &

#"r a%C*$#t#(/ata# /"#)$#tra)& -/"#)$#tra)& H2 r$#'a .

S$% 'ara $ra ,a#( $#(a%a & /r$#a)& )$ ((a $#($!&%)$!ara a+#"r a%4 $ *u#,a& +a#,a/ /$ruta# 'a# (urata#

)$ ((a t&'a/ a *u +$r u#()& )$!ara #"r a% $ +a a

"/)&($# - 2. $%$ at& *$ +u%u 'ara S$ ((a "ra#( ,a#(

'$ &'ra)& +&)a $#(a%a & /$ru)a/a# ar(a# 'a%a +$#tu/

Ischemia ,a#( $#( a%a#(& *$ +u%u 'ara $#(a%&r /$

+a(&a#0+a(&a# tu+u


14/78

%. K *it ",n Te#mo#eg *,si

- Ku%&t +$r u#()& $r$(u%a)& *a#a) tu+u 'a# t$ *$ratur$- F$$'+a!/ #$(at&>$ 'a%a $#("#tr"% t$ *$ratur$ "ra%

a/a# $ *$rta a#/a# " $")ta)&)- T$r "r$)$*t"r '&/u%&t a/a# $#'$t$/)& *$#(/ata# atau

*$#uru#a# "ra% t$ *$ratur$- K$%$# ar /$r(at 'a%a tu+u a/a# $%$*a)/a# /$r(at

)$ ((a a/a# $#uru#/a# t$ *$ratur$ tu+u- =a)"'&%ata)& 'ar& *$ +u%u 'ara '&/u%&t a/a#

$#uru#/a# )u u tu+u "ra% $%a%u& *r")$) *$%$*a)a#

*a#a)

&. K *it ",n A*e#gi

- A%$r($# $/a#&) $ & u#"%"(& %( E r$)*"# a%$r(&

-r &t&)4 $/)$ a4 a) a.

Mi=#os=op> Sito*ogi> Geneti=, (e8,#is,n Si ,t

O*e< $ Y ningt2,s8,#i


15/78

Mi=#os=op

M&/r")/"* @ -Lat @ M&/r" /$!&% @ S!"*&u *$#(%& ata#.4 ,a#(

$ (//a# )$)$"ra#( u#tu/ 'a*at $#(a at& "+ $/ ($ra/a#

,a#( )a#(at a%u) )$ ((a t&'a/ 'a*at '&%& at '$#(a# ata

+u(&%

MA:AM MIKROSKO(

- J$#&) @ ! %$/tr"#4 ! )t$r$"- Ju %a %$#)a "/u%$r @ "#"/u%$r 'a# +"/u%$r- Ba(&a#0+a(&a# &/r")/"* 'a# u#(),a -%& at (a +ar +$r&/ut .

B,gi,n-0,gi,n mi=#os=op

a L$#)a "/u%$r @ %$#)a ,a#( '&%& at atau '&t&*

+ Ta+u#( &/r")/"* @ +a(&a# ,a#( $#( u+u#(/a# %$#)a

"/u%$r '$#(a# %$#)a "+ $/t&

! R$>"%>$r @ *$ utar ,a#( '&(u#a/a# u#tu/ $#(u+a

*$ +$)ara# %$#)a "# $/t&

' L$#)a "+ $/t& *$ +$)ara# %$ a

$ L$#)a "+ $/t& *$ +$)ara# /uat

M$/a &/r")/"* @ t$ *at %$ta//a# )*$!& $# C *r$*arat

,a#( '&a at&

( K%&* @ *$# $*&t "+ $!t (%a))

Ka/& &r/")/"*

& D$r @ $ a#tu%/a# !a a,a *a'a %$#)a "+ $/t& a(ar

*$#(a ata# *r$*arat %$+& $%a)

&a ra( a @ +a(&a# ,a#( '&(u#a/a# u#tu/ $#(atur

t$#)&ta) !a a,a ,a#( a)u/ /$ %$#)a "+ $/t&

/ L$#(a# &/r")/"* atau *$(a#(a#


16/78

% P$ utar a%u) @ +a(&a# ,a#( '&(u#a/a# ut#u/ $#((ara//a#

- $# au C $#'$/at. %$#)a "+ $/t& t$r a'a* *r$*arat

)$!ara *$%a#C a%u).

P$ utar /a)ar @ +a(&a# ,a#( '&(u#a/a# ut#u/ $#(($ra//a#

- $# au C $#'$/at/a#. %$#)a "+ $/t& t$r a'a* *r$*arat

)$!ara t$*at

SITOLOGI

S$% u#&t *a%( 'a)ar 'ar& /$ &'u*a# a/ %u/ &'u* @- J$#&) )$% @ $u/ar,"t$4 *r"/ar,"ta *$r+$'aa#,a @ )tru/tur )& at4

u+u#(a# '$#(a# )$% %a- K"#)$* )$% @ /$'u'u/a# 'a%a "r(a#&) $4 a)a%#,a4 u/ura#4

+$#tu/4 a!a 4 )tru/tur4 u#()&- Or(a#&)a)& )$% *r"/ar,"ta @ u/ura#4 %$ta/ NA4 t&'a/ a'a

$#'" $ +ra# *a'a +a/t$r&- Or(a#&)a)& )$% $u/ar,"t$ @ u/ura#4 )tru/tur ru &t4 "r(a#$%

+$r $ +ra#4 #"# $ +ra#4 !%u)&"#) Pa'a )$% $ a#4 )$%

tu +u a#4 *$r+$'aa##,a

STRUKTUR KHAS SEL EUKARYOTA

- P$r u/aa# )$% @ u#tu/ *r"t$/)&4 *$#'u/u#( u+u#(a# )$%- '( )$% @ )$% tu +u a#- M$ +ra# *%a) a @ $ +ra# ,a#( $#($%&%(& )$% )$!ara

)$%$/t& *$r $a+%$ M$#(a#'u#( 5 : %&*&' -F") "%&*&*'4

a %&*&/. 5 : *r"t$ )$%$/t& *$r $a+%$ Fu#()& $ +ra# @

a%%" a "r '& $r$#t !'&t&"#) +$t $$# )&'$ a#' "ut)&'$ "

!$%% )u+'&>&'$) !$%% t" !" *art$ $#t) &t '& $r$#t t$r#a%

!"#'&t&"#) a%%" a r$%$a)$ " )u+)ta#!$) r" !$%% >&a >$)&!%$

u)&"# &t "ut$r $ +ra#$- Nu/%$u) @ $ru*a/a# ),)t$ /$#'a%& ($#$t&! )$% @


17/78

o M$ +ra# ra#(/a* 2 '$#(a# *"r4 $ &)a /a# "r(a#$%

'$#(a# )&t"*%a) ao NA ta *a/ )$+a(a& +$#a#(0+$#a#( /r&" at #u/%$"%u)

+$r0(ra#u%a4 t$ *at *$ +$#tu/a# rRNA

ORGANEL IN:LUSIONES

Or(a#$% )$+ua /u *u%a# )$%4 "r(a#$% $ *u#,a& u#()& /$r a

a)(0 a)(4 &)a%#,a r&+")" -t$ *at )t$)&) *r"t$. atau

&t"/"#'r&a -)&tu) ($#$ra)& ATP *a'a $u/ar&"ta.

R$t&/u%u $#'"*%a) a

R$t&/u%u $#'"*%a) a -RE. /a)ar +$r(ra#u%a @ $ +uat

$ +ra# )t$)&) *r"t$

RE a%u) @ )t$)&) %&*&' '$t& & /a)& "+at 'a%a $*at")&t

Mito=on"#i,

M&t"/"#'r&a @ $#ua& $#$r(, /& &a 'ar& a/a#a#-Br$a/) '" # (%u!")$ &t " ,($# t" *r"'u!$ $#$r(,.

T$r'a*at *a'a )$ ua $u)&t /$!ua%& *a'a +$+$ra*a *r"t";"a

a#a$r"+ $ +ra# ra#(/a* 24 t$ *at r$)*&ra)& )$%

Ju %a 'a# +$#tu/ *a'a t&a* $#&u) )$% +$r>ar&a)&

A*aratu) G"%(&

S$#tu a# a/ &r4 *$#,& *a#a#4 *$#(&r& a# a)&%0 a)&%

+uata# )$%Sa#(at *$#t( 'a%a )$% ,a#( a/t& t$r%&+at 'a%a )$/r$)&

L&)")" @ $#!$r#a a/a#a# )$% ;at0;at +ua#(a#

$#(a#'u#( $#;& 0$#;& &'r"%&t&/

L&)")" a+#"r a% *$#,a/&t0*$#,a/&t /ar$#a

/$/ura#(a# $#;& 0$#;& &'"%a)$ t$rt$#tu 'ar&

%&)")" @ *$#,a/&t P" *$ /$0a# $#;& *$#!$r#a


18/78

(%&/"($# *$#,a/&t Ta,0Sa! @ %&)")" /$0a# $#;& 0

$#;& *$#!$r#a %&*&'

=a/u"%a @

Pa'a Pr"t&)ta @ >a/u"%a +$r'$#,ut $ $%& ara

/$)$& +a#(a# a&r

Pa'a tu +u a# >a/u"%a )$#tra% +$r u#()& )$+a(a&

(u'a#(4 +$r*$ra# 'a%a *$rtu +u a# )$% 7 )$+a(a&

%&)")" ,a#( +$)ar

R&+")" @ )t$)&) *r"t$Stru/tur *a%( /$!&% ,a#( t$r)u)*$#)& '&'a%a

)&t"*%a) a

a%a )$% ,a#( a/t& $#)t$)&) *r"t$ r&+")"

'a*at $ru*a/a# 25: +$rat /$r( )$% -*a'a

$*at")&tu).

S&t"*%a) a

)$(a%a )$tuatu '&'a%a /$!ua%& #u!%$u)& 'a%a #,a t$r'a*at "r(a#$% -)tru/tur ,a#( '&+ata)&

'$#(a# $%a)4 )$%a%u a'a 'a%a )$t&a* $#&) )$%.

S$+a(&a# +$)ar t$r'&r& 'ar& a&r4 ,a#( '&'a%a #,a t$r%arut

+a#,a/ "%$/u%0 "%$/u% /$!&% &"# )$rta )$ u %a

+$)ar *r"t$

Sitos=e*etonSitos=e*eton $ =e#,ng=, inte#n,*> st# =t # men9,*,

te#"i#i ",#i 3*,ment-3*,men p#otein-p#otein g*o0 *,#

30#os,

Mi=#o3*,men $ sepe#ti 0en,ng> se#,t tipis> p,n9,ng>

D 5-+ nm p#otein-p#otein g*o0 *,# ,=tin

Fi*,men meneng,< $ 0e# p, 0en,ng> D !4 nm

p#otein-p#otein 30#os,


19/78

Mi=#ot 0 *i $ t,0 ng-t,0 ng 0e#ongg, p#otein-

p#otein g*o0 *,#:i*i, ,ge**, 0e#ge#,= 9i=, mi=#ot 0 *i

mem0eng=o=

GENETIKA

Ba a# ($#$t&!L$ta/ NA @ #u!%$u)4 &t"/"#'r&a

Kr" ")"

NA MK a%ur &+u

G$# C %$ta/

F$#"t&*4 ($#"t&*4 )& at4 $r";&("t4 " ";

G$# '" a#4 r$)$)&

A*a u#()& ($#

B$r a!a )$% +a(a& a#a '$#(a# NA0#,a

RNA +$'a

P"%a *$ ar&)a# )& at $r$'&t$r

G$# tu#((a%4 a%$% (a#'a4 *"%&($#a

G$# aut")" a%4 ($# t$r/a&t )$ /r" ")" a%

Muta)& C ($# uta#t C r$)$)&

I#+r$$'( r&)&/"

K$%aa# ta/ /r" ")" a% u %a 4 )tru/tur

S'r" a '" #4 /%$ $%t$r


20/78

FARMAKOLOGI

( Pengantar Farmestika dan ahasa !atin dalam "esep )

( Ibu. Sri #asminatun, $.Si.,%pt )

I. Se9,#,< F,#m,si

L,t,# 0e*,=,ng

a P$#,a/&t *a'a a#u)&a

+ M$#((u#a/a# "+at0"+at )$'$r a#a4 t$ruta a +a a#0

+a a# a%a

! &/a&t/a# '$#(a# a%0 a% ( a&+ -r" a at. 'a#

'&%a/u/a# "%$ /$*a%a )u/u atau t"/" a(a a

' B$r a)&% atau t&'a/ +$r a)&%

$ $# a'& *$#(a%a a# ,a#( turu# t$ uru#

&+u/t&/a# )$!ara &% &a

II. To=o


21/78

$ Su *a H&*"!rat$) ,a#( $ru*a/a# tata !ara

*$r&%a/u u#tu/ *r" $)& *$#,$ +u a#

tt*@CC&' &/&*$'&a "r(C &/&CSu *a &**"/rat$)

-iocorides (abad masehi)

a "/t$r u#a#& 'a# a %& +"ta#&

+ M$#((u#a/a# &% u tu +u a# )$+a(a& &% u t$r*a'u

! Ha)&% /ar,a#,a '$ at$ra $'&!a '&a#((a* )$+a(a&

a a% *$#($ +a#(a# +"ta#& ar a)& *#$%&t&a# +a a#

a%a

Galen ( + */ $asehi)

a "/t$r 'a# a %& ar a)& u#a#&

+ M$ u%a& *$ +uata# "+at0"+at 'ar& tu +u a# '$#(a#

$ra!&/ +a a# 'ar& a%a 4

! F"r u%a 'a# )$'&aa# ar a)& ,a#( '&)$+ut Far a)&

Ga%$#&/

Philipus %ureaulus #heopratus ombatus 0an

&olhenhein ( '1+* 2' S$)

a M$ *$#(aru & *$ru+a a# ar a)&

+ M$#,&a*/a# +a a# atau )*$)& / 'a# $ *$r/$#a%/a#

at /& &a )$+a(a& "+at t$r#a%

o Far a)& *&)a 'ar& K$'"/t$ra# ta u# 12 M ata)

*$rta FRE ERIDK II

o Far a)& +&'a#( *r" $)&"#a% /$)$ ata#4 /" +a)& 'ar&

&% u /$)$ ata# &% u /& &a4 ,a#( $ *u#,a&

ta#((u#(0 a a+ $ a)t&/a# $ $/t&>&ta) 'a# /$a a#a#

*$#((u#aa# "+at
http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumpah_hippokrateshttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumpah_hippokrates


22/78

III. R ,ng Ling= p ",#i p#,=ti= ,#m,si $

P$ra!&/a# 'a# *$#,$'&aa# )$'&aa# "+at4 )$rta *$%a,a#a#

t$r a'a* *a) (patient care) '&a#tara#,a %a,a#a# /%&/4

$>a%ua)& $ /a)& 'a# /$a a#a# *$#((u#aa# "+at4 'a#

*$#,$'&aa# "r a)& "+at

I6. FARMASETIKA

I% u ,a#( $ *$%a ar& t$#ta#( !ara *$#,$'&aa# "+at

$# a'& +$#tu/ t$rt$#tu ((a )&a* '&(u#a/a# )$+a(a&

"+at4 )$rta $ *$%a ar& *$r/$ +a#(a# "+at ,a#(

$%&*ut& &% u 'a# t$/#"%"(& *$ +uata# "+at 'a%a

+$#tu/ )$'&aa# ,a#( 'a*at '&(u#a/a# 'a# '&+$r&/a#

/$*a'a *a)&$#

(en2e"i,,n o0,t me*ip ti $

o P$#(u *u%a#4 *$#($#a%a#4 *$#(a $ta# 'a#

*$ +a/ua# +a a#0+a a# "+ato S$#& *$ra!&/a# "+at

o P$ +uata# )$'&aa# ar a)&

6. FARMAKO(E

ar& /ata Pharma copeia (bhs 3erman) P ar a/"# C

"+at 'a# *r"t$ C +uat "r u%a u#tu/ $ *$r)&a*/a#

"+at S$t&a* N$(ara $ &%&/& +u/u ar a/"*$ ,a#( $ uat

*$r),arata# /$ ur#&a#4 )& at /& &a 'a# )&/a4 !ara

*$ $r&/)aa#4 )$rta +$+$ra*a /$t$#tua# %a ,a#(

+$r u+u#(a# '$#(a# "+at0"+ata#

,. F,#m,=ope In"onesi, I-I6

0. Unite" St,te (


23/78

". Ne"e#*,n"s ($ +$r 1978

( Far a/"*$ I#'"#$)&a $'&)& II t$r+&t 9 O/t"+$r 1979

Far a/"*$ I#'"#$)&a $'&)& I= t$r+&t 5 $)$ +$r 1995

6II. SUATU SEDIAAN FARMASI $ JAT AKTIF BAHAN

TAMBAHAN

J,t ,=ti

S$)ua& "#"(ra '& Far a/"*$ I#'"#$)&a

B,


24/78

o +a a# t$r)$+ut t&'a/ $ +a a,a/a# 'a%a u %a

,a#( '&(u#/a#o T&'a/ $%$+& & u %a & a% ,a#( '&*$r%u/a# u#tu/

$ +$r&/a# $ $/ ,a#( '& ara*/a#

o T&'a/ $#(ura#(& /$t$r)$'&aa# a,at&4 $ $/ t$ra*&

atau /$a a#a# 'ar& )$'&aa# r$) &

o T&'a/ $#((a#((u 'a%a *$#(u &a# 'a# *$#$ta*a#

/a'ar

6III. SUHU (ENYIM(ANAN

o ( @ )u u t&'a/ %$+& 'ar& 8 " D

%$ ar& *$#'( $ &%&/& )u u 2 " D 'a# 8 " D

$) %$ ar& *$ +$/u $ *u#,a& )u u 2 " D 'a# 1 " D

o S$ a/ @ )u u a#tara 8 " D ? 15 " D

o Su u /a ar @ )u u *a'a rua#( /$r a

o Su u /a ar t$r/$#'a%& @ )u u ,a#( '&atur a#tara 15 " D ?3 " D

o Ha#(at @ )u u a#tara 3 " D 'a# " D

o Pa#a) +$r%$+& @ )u u '&ata) " D

Su u /$!ua%& ',ata/a# %a +$rart& '$ra at !$%!&u)

TIMBANGAN OBAT

Tim0,ng,n o0,t D,2, 0e0,n Kepe=,,n T& +a#(a# /a)ar 25 ? 1 ( 2 ( T& +a#(a# (ra

a%u)

1 ? 2 ( 5 (

T& +a#(a#

&%%&(ra

1 ? 5 ( 5 (

a,a +$+a# @ +"+"t a/) ,a#( +"%$ '&t& +a#(


25/78

K$*$/aa# @ ta +a a# +"+"t a/)& u ,a#( '&*$r%u/a#

*a'a )a%a )atu *&r( t& +a#(a# )$t$%a /$'ua#,a '&&)&

uata# a/)& u 4 $#,$+a+/a# a,u#a# aru t& +a#(a#

t&'a/ /ura#( 'ar& 2 t&a* ' *a# a#( aru

Ke*,# t,n

Ke*,# t,n ?,t 2,ng te#),nt m ",*,m ,#m,=ope

I)t&%a K$%aruta# Ju %a +a(&a# *$%arut ,a#(

'&*$r%u/a# u#tu/ $%arut/a# I

+a(&a# ;atSa#(at u'a %arut Kura#( 'ar& I

Mu'a %arut 1 )a *a& 1Larut 1 )a *a& 3

A(ar )u/ar %arut 3 )a *a& 1Su/ar %arut 1 )a *a& 1

Sa#(at )u/ar %arut 1 )a *a& 1Pra/t&) t&'a/ %arut %$+& 'ar& 1

o (e#sen

P$r)$# +"+"t *$r +"+"t -+C+.4 $#,ata/a# u %a (ra

;at 'a%a 1 (ra %aruta# atau !a *ura#

P$r)$# +"+"t *$r >"%u $ -+C>.4 $#,ata/a# u %a (ra

;at 'a%a 1 % %aruta#

P$r)$# >"%u $ *$r >"%u $ ->C>.4 $#,ata/a# u %a %

;at 'a%a 1 % %aruta#

o K,",* ,#s, E7pi#,tion ",te


26/78

BAB 5 LANCUTAN

BAHASA LATIN DALAM RESE( OBAT

R$)$* '"/t$r @ *$r taa# t$rtu%&) 'r u u 4 'r )*4 'r(

A*"t$/$r '& A*t u#tu/ $#,$'&a/a# "+at $#,$ra /a#

+a(& *a)&$# )$)ua& *$ratura# *$ru#'a#(a# ,a#( +$r%a/u

M$ru*a/a# $'&a /" u#&/a)& '"/t$r -*$#u%&) r$)$*. '$#(a#

APA -*$#,$'&a "+at. 'a# *a)&$# -*$#((u#a "+at.

R$)$* '"/t$r

Ba a)a +a/u +a a)a %at

Tu%&)a# aru) $%a)Ba(&a#0+a(&a##,a %$#(/a*

$ru*a/a# '"/u $# ,a#( '&%'u#(& u#'a#(0u#'a#(

O+at 'a%a r$)$* "+at a'& C "+at +uta# *a+r&/

-F"r u%a )*$!&a%&t&).atau "r u%a " !&a%&)

atau "+at ra!&/a# - "r u%a a(&)tra%&).

O+at +$r $r/ atau "+at ($#$r&!


27/78

I. B,n2,= o0,t 2,ng mi#ip

Lose) ,a#( +$r&)& " $*ra;"%$ -u#tu/ (a#((ua#

%a +u#(. La)& Q ,a#( +$r&)& ur")$ &'$ -'&ur$t&/a.

Fe*"en)e ,a#( $ru*a/a# )uatu AINS S$%'$#!$ Q

,a#( +$r&)& t$r $#a'$ -)uatu a#t& &)ta .

Sot,ti) ,a#( +$r&)& $t"!%"*ra &'$ -"+at a#t&u#ta . D,t"t$! Q -+$r&)& &)"*r")t"%. ,a#( 'a*at

$#,$+a+/a# t$r a',a a+"r)& &/a '&+$r&/a# *a'a &+u

a &%

II. B,gi,n Resep Do=te#

Ba(&a#0+a(&a# R$)$* "/t$r

III. (en *is,n C m*,< O0,t

P$#u%&)a# u %a "+at

-a#(/a r" a &.

I u#u) 1 '$!$ 1

II 'u" 2 II 12

III tr$) 3 2


28/78

I= uatt"ur 3

= u(u$ 5 L 5

=I )$ 6 D 1

=II )$*t$ 7 5

=III "!t" 8 M 1

I #">$ 9

FARMAKOLOGI

:,#, (em0e#i,n ",n A*e#gi

I. !% a%ua)&

B$#ar r$a/)& t$r a'a* a/a#a#

B$#ar r$a/)& '$#(a# "+at

II. @,=t 2,ng 0en,#


29/78

Ba!a atura# *a/a& "+at C $t&/$t

B$ra*a /a%& )$ ar&4 *$rta t$ta* atau +&%a *$r%u4 )$+$%ua/a# atau )$)u'a a/a#

A#t&+&"t&/ aru) '&+$r&/a# 'a%a )$%a#( a/tu ,a#( )a a

B$r&/a# "+at ,a#( a+)"r*),a '& a +at a/a#a#4

)$+$%u a/a# S$'a#(/a# "+at ,a#( $#(&r&ta)& )a%ura#

!$r#a +$r&/a# +$r)a a atau )$)u'a a/a#

III. R te 2,ng 0en,#

B$r&/a# "+at *a'a t$ *at ,a#( )$)ua& +$r'a)ar/a#

+$#tu/ "+at 'a# *$rta *$#("+ata#

N&%a& /$ a *ua# *a)&$# u#tu/ $#$%a# )$+$%u

$ +$r&/a# "+at0"+at *$r"ra%

P$r(u#a/a# t$ #&/ a)$*t&/ u#tu/ $ +!r&/a# "+at T$ #&/ )t$r&% '&*$r%u/a# 'a%a !ut$ *ar$#t$ra%

a *(& *a)&!# )a *a& "+at0"+at "ra% '&t$%a#

I6. (e#0e",,n ),#, pem0e#i,n O0,t

(e#0e",,n$

o $ $/ "+at @ %"/a% atau )&)t$ &/

o Fa##a/"/$t&/a "+at

o O#)$t - a/tu . 'a# 'ura),a

6. (#ose" # Unt = (em0e#i,n O0,t 2,ng Ben,#

(e#si,p,n

o Du!& ta#(a# )$+$%u $#,&a*/a# *$#("+ata#

o P$r&/)a /$ u#(/a# a%$r(& "+at


30/78

o P$r&/)a $t&/$t "+at 'a# *$rta *$#("+ata#

o

*$r&/)a u%a#( *$#( &tu#(a# '")&) "+ato Tua#( !a&ra# )$t((& ata

o E#!$r/a# "+at ,a#( $#(&r&ta)& atau +$r&/a# +$r)a &

atau )$t$%a a/a#

(em0e#i,n

o P$r&/)a &'$#t&ta) *a)&$#

o B$r&/a# a#,a "+at ,a#( )au'ara *$!)ta*/a#o Ba#tu *a)&$# $#'a*at/a# *")&)& ,a#( t$*a%

t$r(a#tu#( 'ar& rut$ *$ +$r&a#

o T$ta*%a +$r)a a *a)&$# )a *a& "+at '&*a/a&

o J&/a $ +$r&/a# "+at *a'a +$+$ra*a *a)&$#4 +$r&/a#

"+at t$ra/ &r *a'a *a)&$# ,a#( *$r%&& +a#tua# $/)tra

o Bua#( aru )u#t&/ 'a# ta+u#( )u#t&/ /$ t$ *at ,a#(

+$#ar

(en),t,t,n

o La*"r/a# /$)a&a a# "+at '$#(a# )$($ra /$*a'a

'"/t!> atau *$ra at )u*$r>&)"r L$#(/a*& %a*"ra#

*$r&)t& a

o Datat "+at ,a#( '&+$r&/a#4 '")&)4 a/tu Rut$ 'a#

&)&a% a#'ao La*"r 'a# !atat "+at0"+at ,a#( '&t"%a/ 'a# a%a)a#

*$#"%a/a#

6. Y,ng Ti",= Bo*e< ",*,m (em0e#i,n O0,t

Ja#(a# $ +$r&/a# "+at /$t&/a t&'a/ /"#)$#tra)&


31/78

Ja#(a# $ +!r&/a# "+at ,a#( '&/$&uar/a# "ra#( %a C

ta#*a /$t $%a) Ja#(a# $ 'a /a# "+at 'ar& )atu t$ *at /$ t$ *at

%a

Ja#(a# $ +$r&/a# "+at ,a#( t$%a /a%a'u ar)a atau

ru)a/ -*$r at&/a# ta#'a0ta#'a "+at ru)a/.

Ja#(a# $#'u(a0'u(a '")&) "+at Ta#,a/a# +&%a ra(u0

ra(u

Ja#(a# +$r&/a# "+at &/a *a)&$# $#,ata/a# +a a"+at t$r)$+ut +$r%aa# '$#(a# ,a#( t$%a &a t$r& a

)$+$&u #,a P$r&/)a *$rta *$#("+ata#

6I. R te (engg n,,n O0,t

Ora%

tra#)'$r a%

*ar$#t$ra%C)u#t&/

I#)t&%a)& -t$t$)4 )$ *r"t4 a$r")"%.

Su*")&t"r&a

/u%&tCt"*&!a%

(ENCELASANNYA $

R te o#,*

o Pa'at

o Ta+%$t +&a)a )a%ut4 (u%a4 )a%ut $#t$r&!4 %$*a) %a +at4

$ $r $)!$#t

o Ka*)u% /$ra) %u#a/

o P&%

o S$r+u/


32/78

T#,ns"e#m,

o

O+at tra#)'$r a% t$r)& *a# 'a%a *at!o O+at /ar'&">a)!u%ar4 "+at #$)"*%a)t&/4 )u%

(,#ente#,*

o


33/78

o T$/#&/ )u#t&/a# 0Tra!/4 ,a#( $#!$(a +"!"r#,a "+at

/$'a%a ar(a# )u+ !uta#

Int#, en,

o E $/ )&)t$ &/4 +$r$ $/ )$($ra

o L$+& !$*at 'ar& S/ 'a# IM

o T$ *at @ >$#a *$r& $r ,a#( u'a '&!a*a&

Insti*,sio O+at !a&r ,a#( +&a)a#,a '&+$r&/a# )$+a(a& t$t$) 'a%a

+$#tu/ t$t$) ata4 )a%$* ata4 t$t$) t$%(a

S posito#i,

o L$ a/ aru) '&)& *a# '&%$ ar& $)4 E @ a#u)"%

o Larut a&r 'a*at '&)& *a# *a'a )u u /a ar M&) @

'u%!"%a/

ALERGI

O0,t

M$#urut K$* M$#K$) RI N" 193CKa+CB =IIC71

O+at &a%a )uatu +a a# atau *a'ua# +a a#0+a a# ,a#(

'& a/)u'/a# u#tu/ '&(u#a/a# 'a%a $#$ta*/a# '&a(#")&)4

$#!$(a 4 $#(ura#(/a#4 $#( &%a#(/a#4 $#,$ +u /a#

*$#,a/&t atau ($ a%a *$#,a/&t4 %u/a4 atau /$%aa# +a'a#&a 'a#

r" a#&a *a'a a#u)&a atau $ a# 'a# u#tu/ $ *$r$%"/ atau

$ *$r'a +a'a# atau +a(&a# +a'a# a#u)&a

I. E e= S,mping


34/78

E $/ )&"%"(&) ,a#( t&'a/ +$r/a&ta# '$#(a# $ $/ "+at

,a#( '&(/a# S&'$ $ $!t

A'>$r)$ 'ru( r$a!t&"#

H,*$r)$#)&t&>$ r$a!t&"# C a%%$r(,

P)$u'"a%%$r(,

II. A" e#se D# gs Re,)tion

Adverse drug reactionTipe A

T$r(a#tu#( '")&)

a*at '&*$r/&ra/a#

I#)&'$#)& 'a# "r+&'&ta)#,a

t((&

M"rta%&ta)#,a r$#'a

Tr$at $#t '")&)

'&)$)ua&/a#

Tipe B

T&'a/ t$r(a#tu#( '")&)

T&'a/ 'a*at

'&*$r/&ra/a#

I#)&'$#)& 'a#

"r'&+&ta)#,a r$#'a

M"rta%&ta)#,a t((&

Tr$at $#t )t"*

III. K,s s

K,s s

Tipe A

$ "r(& -A#t&/"a(u%a#.

(a)tr&t&) -AINS.u%ut /$r( 'a# /"#)t&*a)&

-atr"*.

$#(a#tu/ -DTM4

'& $# &'ra .

)$)a/ #a a) -*r"*ra#"%"%.

&*"t$#)& *")tura%4 ta/&/ar'&a

- &'ra%a;

Tipe B

a(ru#u%")&t")&)

-'&*&r"#4 $#&+u%a;"#.a#$ &a a*%a)t&/a

-/%"ra $#&/"%.

$ "%,)&) -*r& a/u.


35/78

I6. Re,=si O0,t

5: 'ar& *a)&$# RS

1 02 : *a)&$# ra at a* RS

Kem,ti,n

o 41: *a)&$# #"# +$'a

o 4 1: *a)&$# +$'a

(,sien #,8,t 9,*,n

o I#)&'$#)& +$r>ar&a)& t$r(a#tu#( $#&) "+ato : "+at t$rt$#tu -NSAI )4 a#t&+&"t&!0/$ "t$ra*&.

F,=to#

OBAT

o F&)&/"/& &a &4 ar a/"/$t&/a4 '")&)4 r$/u$#)& 'a#

!ara *$#((u#aa#

(en"e#it,

o K"#'&)& )&"%"(&4 *at"%"(&)4 a%$r(&4 ($#$t&!

6. Kon"isi Fisio*ogis

K"#'&)& )&"%"(&)

tua )$/a%& - " *".

u'a )$/a%& -#$"#atu).

a &%

$#,u)u&

a%#utr&)&

6I. Kon"isi pen2,=it p,to3sio*ogis

g,g,* gin9,* e*imin,si te#g,ngg


36/78

o a "(%&,!")&'a -)tr$*t" &) /a#a &) ')+4 'a#

$#,$+a+/a# "t"t/)&/.o '&(" t" &!at&"#

o a)$t")a% *$ a# a#(a# a/tu *$r'ara a#4 ')+

g,st#itis

o /"rt&/")t$r"&'a -r$)&/" +%$$'( #a&/.

o NSAI ) -r$)&/" u%/u) 'a# +%$$'( #a&/.

o t$ % -r$)&/" #,$r& $*&(a)tr&/ #a&/.

,sm, 0#on=i,*o a)$t"% -r$)&/" )$)a/ #a a) #a&/.

o *r"*ra#"%"% -r$)&/" )$)a/ #a a) #a&/.

o "r # -r$)&/" )$)a/ #a a) #a&/.

6II. Geneti=

A'a#,a >ar&a)& ($#$t&! -*"%& "r ) $. >ar&a)& $#;&

$ta+"%&) $

o a)$t&%at"r %a +at

o INH -r$)&/" #$ur"*at&a #a&/.

6III. ESO

$#uru#/a# /ua%&ta) &'u* *$#'$r&ta

$#uru#/a# /$*$r!a,aa# *$#'$r&ta

$#a&//a# *$ +&a,aa# u#tu/ +$r"+at

$#( a +at *$#((u#aa# "+at

I . A*e#gi o0,t

ESO 2,ng te#9,"i me*,* i me=,nisme im no*ogi=

F,=to# mempeng,#


37/78

&& Fa/t"r *$#'$r&ta

&&& Fa/t"r *$#,a/&t

&> Fa/t"r %(/u#(a#

. G,m0,#,n K*inis A*e#gi O0,t

Ma#& $)ta)& )&)t$ &/

Ma#& $)ta)& '$ at"%"(&/

I. M,ni est,si Sistemi= Ma#& $)ta)& )&)t$ &/

A#a %a/)&

S$ru )&!/#$))

$ a "+at

S'r" %u*u)

$r&t$ at")u)

)&)t$ at&/-LES.

K$%aa# $r at"%"(&

K$%aa# *aru

K$%aa# $*ar

/$%aa# r$#a%

K$%a# #$ur"%"(&/

II. M,ni est,si De#m,to*ogi=

Ma#& $)ta)& '$r at"%"(&!

Eru*)& a!u%ar C a/u%"*a*u%ar

Urt&/ar&a

$r at&t&) /"#ta/ a%$r(&

F"t"a%$r(&

Eru*)& /)tu

III. URTIKARIA

SINONIM


38/78

B&'ura#

EFINISI

Urt&/ar&a @ r$a/)& /u%&t '&ta#'a& '$#(a# @

Ra)a (ata% '&)$rta& '$#(a#

U'$ +$r+ata) t$(a) '& $*&'$r &) -urt&/a.

K$ $ra a#

T& +u% !$*at -'a%a +$+$ra*a $#&t.

M$#( &%a#( )$!ara *$r%a a#0%a a# 'a%a +$+$ra*a

$#&t )a *a& 2 a

I6. K#ite#i, 2,ng mem0,nt "i,gnos,

R$a/)& a#,a t$r a'& *a'a )$+a(&a# /$!&% *"*u%a)&

A'a *a*ara# "+at )$+$%u #,a ta#*a ESO

A'a *$r&"'$ %at$#4 *$ +$r&a# "+at ta#*a r$a/)&

Ma#& $)ta),a t&'a/ $ *u#,a& $ $/ ar a/"%"(& "+at

G$ a%a &%a#( +&%a "+at '& $#t&/a#G$ a%a u#!u% %a(& +&%a *$ +$r&a# "+at '&u%a#(

6. O0,t 2,ng menim0 *=,n ene#g2

O+at ,a#( $#& +u%/a# a%$r(&

P$#&!&% M$*r"+a at$

Su% "#a &'$) I#)u% T &a;&'$ =a!!$)

L"!a% A#$)t $t&!)

Sa%&!,%at$)

I+u *r" $#

6I.(en,t,*,=s,n,,n

M$#( $#t&/a# )$ ua "+at ,a#( '&!ur&(a&


39/78

P$#("+ata# )& t" at&/ )$)ua& a#& $)ta)& /%&/ ,a#(

t& +u%

6II. Anti Hist,min A*e#gi

Anti


40/78

Ja# )a#(at *$/a t$r a'a* /$ u#(/a# /$ru)a/a#

,a#( '&)$+a+/a# "+at4 ra'&a)& 'a#Catau $/)& ,a#($#,$ra#( P$#,$+a+ /$ru)a/a# t$r a'a* !a%"# +a,&

t$r)$+ut '&)$+ut t$rat"($#

Tr&)$ $)t$r /$'ua /$ a &%a#

-+u%a# /$0 )a *a& +u%a# /$06.

Or(a# +a,& ,a#( )u'a t$r+$#tu/ $#,ut a#tu#( )u'a

'a*at '&'$#(ar 'a# tu%a#( +$%a/a#( )u'a 'a*at '&%& at

'$#(a# *$ra%ata# ra'&"%"(&B$+$ra*a "+at r&)&/" BBLR

Tr&)$ $)t$r /$t&(a -+u%a# /$tu u ((a +a,& '&%a &r/a#.

R$)&/" t$r+$)ar a'a%a /$)u%&ta# +$r#a a) *a'a +a,& +aru

%a &r

B$+$ra*a "+at 'a*at $ *$#(aru & *$r)a%a# ,a#(

'& a#& $)ta)&/a# +a,& %a &r *r$ atur$ au*u# !a%"# +a,&

%$+& %a a 'a%a /a#'u#(a#

. FDA (food 5 drug association) meng=,tego#i=,n o0,t

p,", =e


41/78

K,tego#i B

o

O+at0"+at ,a#( *$#(a%a a# *$ a/a&a##,a *a'aa#&ta a &% a)& t$r+ata)4 t$ta*& t&'a/ t$r+u/t&

$#(/at/a# r$/u$#)& a% "r a)& atau *$#(aru

+uru/ %a#,a *a'a a#

o B1 @ t&'a/ t$r+u/t& /$ a'&a# /$ru)a/a# a# (fetal

damage) &)a%#,a )& $t&' '&*&r&'a "%4 'a#

)*$/t" &)

o

B2 @ 'ata 'ar& *$#$%&t&a# *a'a $ a# +$%u $ a'a&t$ta*& a'a *$tu# u/ t&'a/ $#(/at#,a /$ a'&a#

/$ru)a/a# a#

o D"#t" @ t&/ar)&% a "t$r&) '"*a $4

a)$t&%)&)t$ 'a# a%/a%"&' +$%%a'"##a

o B3 @ *$#$%&t&a# *a'a $ a# $#u# u//a#

*$#(/ata# /$ a'&a# a# t$ta*& +$%u t$#tu

+$r a/#a *a'a a#u)&ao D"#t" a'a%a /ar+a a;$* *&r& $ta

(r&)$" u%> tr& $t "*r& 'a# $+$#'a;"%

K,tego#i :

o O+at0"+at ,a#( 'a*at $ +$r& *$#(aru +uru/ *a'a

a# ta#*a '&)$rta& a% "r a)& a#at" &! )$ ata0

ata /ar$#a a $/ ar a/"%"(,ao U u #,a +$r)& at r$>$r)&+$% - $ +a&/ /$ +a%&.

o M&)a%#,a @ a#a%($t&/a0#ar/"t&/4 $#"t&a; r& a *&)

a)*&r a#t& a a)& #"#0)t$r"&' 'a# '&ur$t&/a

K,tego#i D

o O+at0"+at ,a#( t$r+u/t& $#,$+a+/a# $#(/at#,a

/$ a'&a# a% "r a)& a# *a'a a#u)&a atau


42/78

$#,$+a+/a# /$ru)a/a# a# ,a#( +$r)& at

&r$>$r)&+$% -t&'a/ 'a*at $ +a&/ /$ +a%&.

o O+at0"+at 'a%a /at$("r& & u(a $ *u#,a& $/$

ar a/"%"(&/ ,a#( $ru(&/a# t$r a'a* a#

o M&)a%#,a @ a#'"($#4 $#&t" *&r& &'"#4 $#"+ar+&t"#4

/ /%"#a;$*a 4 >a%*r"at$4 )t$r"&' a#a+"%&!4 'a#

a#t&/"a(u%a#)&a

K,tego#i o O+at ,a#( t$%a t$r+u/t& $ *u#,a& r$)&/" t((&

t$r a',a *$#(aru +uru/ ,a#( $#$ta*

-&rr$>$)&+$%. *a'a a# &/a '& u *a'a a)a

/$ a &%a#

o O+at 'a%a /at$("r& & $ru*a/a# /"#tra'&/a)&

ut%a/ )$%a a /$ a &%a#

o

D"#t" a'a%a &)"tr$t&"# 'a# '&$t&%)t&%+$)tr"%

(ATOFISIOLOGIS

( Infeksi kulit dan infeksi berbagai 0irus pada kulit )

I0 "#. Siti Amin,&ru) @ $r*$)

Para)&t @ >$)ta)& 'a# (&(&ta# )$ra#((a

a $ #&)& (a#((ua# ),)t$ t$(u $# /ar$#a $/)& @ >&ru)

- $r*$).4 +a/t$r& -)$%u%&t&).4 *ara)&t$4 a ur

+ Et&"%"(& (a#((ua# ),)t$ t$(u $# /ar$#a $/)& @ >&ru)

- $r*$).4 +a/t$r& -)$%u%&t&).4 *ara)&t$4 a ur! Fa/t"r r$)&/" (a#((ua# ),)t$ t$(u $# /ar$#a $/)& @

>&ru) - $r*$).4 +a/t$r& -)$%u%&t&).4 *ara)&t$4 a ur

' Pat" )&"%"(& (a#((ua# ),)t$ t$(u $# /ar$#a $/)& @


$ P$#!$(a a# (a#((ua# ),)t$ t$(u $# /ar$#a $/)& @


K" *%&/a)& (a#((ua# ),)t$ t$(u $# /ar$#a $/)& @ >&ru)- $r*$).4 +a/t$r& -)$%u%&t&).4 *ara)&t$4 a ur

( P$#ata%a/)a#aa# $'&) (a#((ua# ),)t$ t$(u $# /ar$#a

$/)& @ >&ru) - $r*$). +a/t$r& -)$%u%&t&).4 *ara)&t$4 a ur

Ka &a# &)%a 'a%a *$ra ata# *a)&$# '$#(a# (a#((ua#

),)t$ t$(u $# /ar$#a $/)& @ $# a(a /$+$r)& a#

I. INFEKSI CAMUR

In e=si ,m # = *it s pe#3si,* De#m,tomi=osis

a $r at"* ,ta '$r at" t")&)

+ Candida sp /a#'&'&a)&) /ut&)

! Malassezia spa tau pityrosporum sp *&tr&a)&)

In e=si 9,m # p,", = *it p#o n",


44/78

a Mycetoma, Nacardia sp ,!$t" a

+ Fonsecaea pedrosoi, phialophora verrucosa,cladosporium carrionii D r" " ,!"!&)

! Sporothri schenckii )*"r"tr&! ")&)

In e=si 9,m # sistemi= I(D

a Dr,*t"!!")&)4 &)t"*%a) ")&)4 +%a)t" ,!")&)4

!"!!&'&"'" ,!")&)

II. CENIS CAMUR BERDASARKAN SUMBER (ENULARANNYA

1 ANTHRO(O(HILI:

Su +$r *$#u%ara# +$ra)a% 'ar& a#u)&a

2 JOO(HILI:

Su +$r *$#u%ara# +$ra)a% 'ar& +ata#(

3 GEO(HILI:

Su +$r *$#u%ara# +$ra)a% 'ar& ta#a C )a *a

III. DERMATOMIKOSIS

Si ,t 9,m #

Ke#,tino3*i= $

Unt =


45/78

*H ,a#( %$+& t((&

Su u tu+u ? )u u / ar T$ *at t$r%'u#( )ar ata ar&

P&( $#

6. FAKTOR YANG MEM(ENGARUHI (ENULARAN CAMUR

1 Trau a

2 K$%$ +a+a# /u%&t t((&

3 La a#,a /"#ta/R$)&)t$#)& -%$ a .

5 G$#$t&/

6 I/%& /$%$ +a+a#

7 J$#&) a ur ;""* &%&!4 ($"* &%&!

6I. :,#, (en *,#,n

!. L,ngs ng

K"#ta/ %a#()u#( '$#(a# )u +$r *$#u%ara# +a&/

a#u)&a4 +ata#( au*u# ta#a

%. Ti",= *,ngs ng

L$ at a%at0a%at ,a#( t$r/"#ta a)& a ur

6II. DERMATO(HYTA (en2e0,0 in e=si 9,m # p,", = *it

!. Mi)#ospo#on @ $#,$ra#( /u%&t atau ra +ut

%. T#i)


46/78

) ua a *a*u%a

t$r)u)u# $%(/ar (circinate) +a(&a# t$*& a/t& C $r&t$

+a(&a# t$#(a ta *a/ )$ +u

t$ra)a (ata%4 t$ruta a /a%au +$r/$r(at

I. Tine, :,pitis

Tine, :,pitis

P$#,$+a+ @ $#&) &/r")*"r"# -(ra, *at! .

B&a)a t$r'a*at *a'a a#a/0a#a/

G$ a%a @ (ata%

Ta#'a / a) @ *at! -%(/ara#4 ar$a. +$r ar#a /$a+u0a+ua#

'& /$*a%a '$#(a# ra +ut *ata 0*ata 4 *$#'$/ $ +$r&

(a +ara#4 +"ta/ t$rtutu* ) ua a /$r( /$a+u0a+ua#

P$r a%a#a# *$#,a/&t @ *a*u%a4 $%$+ar '$#(a# +a(&a#

t$#(a $#,$ +u 'a# t$ru) $%$+ar /$ara *$r& $r4/a'a#(0/a'a#( )a *a& )$%uru /$*a%a

B&)a )$ +u )*"#ta# *a'a u)&a $# $%a#( '$ a)a

. Tine, :,pitis Ke#ion :e*siTine, :,pitis

Ke#ion :e*si T#i)


47/78

Ta#'a / a) @ 'a$ra ,a#( +"ta/ *a'a /$*a%a '$#(a# ra +ut

r"#t"/ atau *ata 4 '&)$rta& *u)tu%$4 /ru)ta 'a# /a'a#(

+$#(/a/ $'$ a

P$#("+ata# @ a#t& a ur %"!a% atau )&)t$ at&/4 /a%au )$ +u

'a*at $#& +u%/a# +"ta/4 +a /a# *$r a#$#

I. Tine, :o#posis

P$#,$+a+ @ Tr&! "* ,t"# (ru*

Pr$'&%$/)& @ +a(&a# +a'a# ,a#( +$ra +ut a%u)

)$r( '&)$+ut T$a G%a+r")a

G$ a%a @ (ata%4 t$ruta a /a%au +$r/$r(at

Ta#'a / a) @

%$)& t$r)u)u# $%(/ar atau +$r+$#tu/ *"%&)&/%&/

t$r'&r& ata) *a*u%a0*a*u%a '$#(a# 'a)ar $r&t$ atu) *%a/

'$#(a# +a(&a# t$#(a ta *a/ $#,$ +u 4 ) ua a

-+a(&a# t$*& $r&t $ C a/t& +a(&a# t$#(a $#,$ +u .

II. Tine, :# #is

P$#,$+a+ @ E*&'$r "* ,t"#

Pr$'&%$/)& @ (ua%4 *$r$u 4 *a a +a(&a# ata)4 ($#&ta%4

'a# 'a$ra )!r"tu

G$ a%a @ (ata%

Ta#'a / a) @ +&%at$ra%4 %$)& )$+$#ar#,a a#u%ar4 $%&*)4 /a%au

%$)& t$ru) $%$+ar )$r( ta *a/ (a +ara# V %(/ara#


48/78

P$#,$+a+ @ Da#'&'a a%+&!a#)

Da#'&'a a%+&!a#) $ru*a/a# "ra #"r a% *a'a u%ut

ra!tu) '&($)tu>u >a(a4 )$ & a#a$r"+

M$ *u#,a& 2 +$#tu/ @

,!$%&a *a'a )u u /a ar $/)& /r"#&)

,$a)t *a'a )u u 37 " D $/)& a/ut4 t$r'a*at %$)& )at$%&t

-+$ru*a *u)tu%$. '&)$/&tar %$)& uta a

I6. F,=to# Resi=o K$%$ +a+a#

K$ a &%a#

P$ a/a&a# a#t&+&"t&! /"rt&/")t$r"&' a#(/a %a a

P$#,a/&t )&)t$ &/ - M4 /$(a#a)a#.

6. KANDIDIASIS KUTAN

1 Ka#'&'&a)&) I#t$rt&("

I# ra a a4 a &%%a4 (ua%4 *$r$a%4 (%ut$a%4 *a!t

$r&t$ atu)4 a)$ra)& '$#(a# %$)& )at$%&t

6I.KANDIDIASI KUTAN (ADA CARI KAKI

2 Ka#'&'&a)&) I#t$r'&(&ta%

a$ra '& a#a ar& ta#(a# 'a# ar& /a/&

Pu)tu%a '$#(a# $r")& )a *a& )ura4 $ +ra# *ut&$#$+a% -*)$u'" $ +ra#.

6II. KANDIDIASIS KUTAN (ADA AERA GENITAL

3 Ka#'&'&a)&) >u%>a -=u%>&t&) Ka#'&'a.

Er")&4 *u)tu%a4 $r&t$ 4 +$#(/a/4 /$*ut& a# )$*$rt& /$ u

t$ra)a (ata%

Ka#'&'&a)&) *$#&) -Ba%a#&t&).


49/78

Ma/u%a*a*u%ar4 *u)tu%$ '$#(a# $r&t$ '& u)

6III. KANDIDIASIS KUTAN p,", p,nt,t DIA(ER

5 &a*$r '$r at&t&)

P$r&($#&ta%4 *$r&a#a%4 *a a +a(&a# 'a%a 'a# *a#tat

Er&t$ a4 $'$ a *a*u%"*u)tu%$r4 $r")&4 $ +a)a

I .KANDIDIASIS (ADA KUKU

Par"#&/&a

K$ $ra a# 'a# +$#(/a/ )$/&tar /u/u

Ku/u @ "#,! "',)tr"* ,4 "#,! "%,)&)4 '&)!"%"rat&"#

. KANDIDIASIS MUKOSA

=a(&t&) C =u%>">a(&t&) !a#'&'a

K$*ut& a# -'&)!ar *ut& /$#ta% )$*$rt& )u)u C )a#ta# *$!a

atau /$ u.4 +au a)a 4 ra)a (ata%

=u%>a4 >a(a @ $r&t$ 'a# $'$

I.KANDIDIASIS MUKOSA

Or" ar($a% /a#'&'&a)&)

Mu/")a "ra%4 ar( @ *)$u'" $ +ra#"u) !a#'&'&a)&)

-t ru) . ,a#( u'a '&/$%u*a)4 '$#(a# u/")a )$/&tar

$r&t$


50/78

INFEKSI BATERI

I. SELULITIS

ETIOLOGI

De8,s, $

o S aur$u)4 GAS4 a#a/0a#a/ @ H u$#;a$ t&*$ + -H&+.

GAS S aur$u)

Um mn2,


51/78


52/78

RISK FA:TOR

o

P$#,a%a (u#aa# "+at 'a# a%/" "%4 /a#/$r 'a# /a#/$r/$ "t$ra*&4 %, * $'$ a /r"#&) -*")t a)t$!t" ,4

(ra t( art$r& *")t!"r"#ar,4 $*&)"'$ )$+$%u #,a

o )$%u&&t&) C $r,)&*$%a).4 )&r")&)4 '&a+$t$) $%&tu)4

)t#'r" #$ r&t&/4 & u#")u*r$)& &atr"($#&/4

#$utr"*$#&a4 )'r" & u#"'$ )&$#)&4 /$/ura#(a#

(&;& 4(a(a% ( a%4 at$r")/%$r")&) )&)t$ &/

I6. (ATOGENESIS

*at "($#$)&)

S$t$%a a)u/4 $/)& $#,$+ar /$ rua#( ar(a# 'a#

*$)a at +$%a a# 'a'a )$+a(a& ,a%ur"#&'a)$) $ $!a

;at *"%&)a/ar&'a ta#a 4 +r"%,)$) $#!$r#a a +ata#

+r %$!&t a)$) $#( a#!ur/a# $ +ra# )$%

$>&ta%&;at&"# ar(a# %"/a%4 &)a%#,a4 trau a4 +&a)a#,a'&*$r%u/a# u#tu/ $ u#(//a# $/)& +a/t$r& a#a$r"+

,a#( )&(#& /a#

Ju %a "r(a#&) $ $#( $/)& +&a)a#,a /$!&%4

$#u# u//a# )$%u&&t&) ,a#( u#(/ %$+& 'ar& r$a/)&

t$r a'a* )&t"/ 'a# )u*$ra#t&($# +a/t$rt 'ar&*a'a

$/)& ar(a# +$)ar

6. SECARAH

INKUBASI PERIO E

B$+$ra*a ar& @ *r"'r" $

o Ma%a&)$4 a#"r$/)&a '$ a 4 $#((&(&% 'a*at

+$r/$ +a#( '$#(a# !$*at4 )$+$%u )$%u&&t&) $%a)

)$!ara /%&) $ a t((& -3845 D. 'a# $#((&(&%

+&a)a#,a +$r u+u#(a# '$#(a# GAS


53/78

STATUS KEKEBALAN

Pa)&$# & u#"!" *r" &)$' r$#ta# t$r a'a* $/)&'$#(a# *at"($# 'ar& *at"($#&)&ta) r$#'a

D$%%u%&t&) " %$()@!" vulni#cus B&%at$ra% $ "rr a(&!

*%a u$) a#' +u%%a$ "# t $ %$()4 a#/%$)4 a#' $$t " a#

"%'$r '&a+$t&! &t !&rr ")&) U#%&/$ "t $r t,*$) "

!$%%u%&t&) &! &!r""r(a#&) ) $#t$rt $ )/ %"!a%%,4

t at &! &) !au)$' +, !" vulni#cus u)ua%%, "%%" ) a*r& ar, $#t$r&t&) &t +a!t$r$ &a a#' '&))$ at&"# t"

t $ )/

(RO(HYLA IS

(#im,#2

Statu) *a)t)a* $#"u) >$ ar>$)t W$)*$!&a%%, &t t$a

*$'&).@


54/78

R$)t4 & "+&%&;at&"#4 $%$>at&"#4 "&)t $at4 a#a%($)&a

(RO(HYLA IS

DRESSINGS D""% )t$r&%$ )a%$ 'r$))() "r r$ ">a% "

*uru%$#t $ u'at$ a#' #$!r"t&! t&))u$

SURGI:AL INTER6ENTION

ra a+)!$))$) $+r&'$ #$!r"t&! t&))u$ Ear&,Ca((r$))&>$

)ur(&!a% $ *%"rat&"#C'$+r&'$ $#t &) %& $)a>( )u)*$!t$'#$!r"t&;( STI) $$* )tru!tur$) ar$ >&)ua%&;$'4 #$!r"t&!

t&))u$ r$ ">$'4 !" *art $#t '$!" *r$))$'4 t&))u$)

"+ta$' "r Gra )ta a#' a$r"+&! a#' a#a$r"+&! !u%tur$)

ANTIMI:ROBIAL THERA(Y

I# t at ")t !a)$) " !$%%u%&t&) ar$ !au)$' +, 54 aureus a#'

)tr$*t"!"!!&4 0%a!ta a#t&+&"t&!) &t a!t&>&t, a(a)t

*$#&!&%%a)$0*r"'u!( S" aureus ar$ t $ u)ua% 'ru() " ! "&!$

In"i),tions o# Initi,* I6 T


55/78

Ma))a4 atau ar(a# '&+a a *$r u/aa# tu+u ,a#(

t$r'&r& 'ar& )$%0)$% a+#"r a%P$rtu +u a# ar(a# +aru ,a#( a+#"r a%4 +$#&(#a

au*u# a%&(#a ,a#( t&'a/ $ &%&/& u#()& t&)&"%"(&) 'a#

+$ra)a% 'ar& *r"%& $ra)& ,a#( t&'a/ t$r/$#'a%&

B$#&(#a tu"r t$r%"/a%&)a)&4 t&'a/ $#>$+ar /! 'a$ra

tu+u &a#,a4 )a#(at +$r$)*"# t$r a'a* *$#("+ata#4

+$r+a a,a 'a# $#(a#!a /ar$#a u/ura# ,a#( )$ a/

$ +$)ar -J" # H"*/) M$'&!$4 2 1 . K,n=e#

Ka#/$r $#urut


56/78

M$%a# @ *&( $# ($%a* ,a#( '&*r"'u/)& "%$ $%a#")&t

$*&'$r a% ,a#( $%'u#(& t& 'ar& /$rat")&t 'ar&/$ru)a/a# U=

Me*,nom, $

a#( *a%( +$r+a a,a 'ar& /a#/$r /u%&t

B$ra)a% $ +$#tu/ $%a#")&t *$#( a)&% *&( $# '&

%a*&)a# +a)a% $*&'$r &)

&)$+a+/a# "%$ *a*ara# U=Fa/t"r r&)&/" @ "% at&*&/a% 'a# %$+& ta & %a%at4 ra +ut

r(a# 'a# /u%&t ,a#( %$+& a'&%4 )&)t$ /$/$+a%a# tu+u

,a#( %$ a 4 r& a,at /$%uar(a

P$r(ata# ta#'a0ta#'a@ L$)& ,a#( +$ru+a 4 (ata%4

+$r'ara 4 'a# t&'a/ )$ +u

B,s,* :e** :,#)inom, $S$+a(&a# +$)ar t$r a'& *a'a a a 4 /$*a%a4 %$+$r ta#(a#

Er")&4 u%)$ra)&4 *$r'ara a#4 t$ +u)4 t$%a#(&$!ta)&a ata)

*$r u/aa#4 %a +at tu +u - 45 ! 102 ta u#.

&a(#")&) @ +&"*),

Ma#a $ $# @ B$'a 4 t$ra*& ra'&a)&4 t$ra*& ar a/"%"(&)

-$ @ t"*&!a% 50 u"r"ura!&%.

S; ,mos :e** :,#)inom, -SDD.

SDD +&a)a#,a u#!u% )$+a(a& t$+a%4 /a)ar4 +$r)&)&/ *at!

,a# *$r)&)t$# ,a#( 'a*at +$r'ara &/a t$r+$#tur

P$#,$+a+ @ *a*ara# /r"#&) )ar ata ar&4 )$r(

$#((u#a/ ta##( +$'4 %u/a /u%&t ,a#( %a -%u/a +a/ar4

+$/a) %u/a4 +"r"/4 '%%.4 $/)& /r"#&) !%a# *$ra'a#(a#


57/78

/u%&t4 *$#,a/&t '$t%)&$#)& & u#4 /$ "t$ra*&4 "+at a#t&0

*$#"%a/a# 'a%a tra#)*%a#ta)& "r(a#4 /a#/$r /u%&t %a#,a

B&a)a#,a t!ta* t$r+ata) $*&'$r &) a/ &r#,a $#$ +u)

ar(a# '& +a a #,a * /$ &%a#(a# &'u#(4 ata atau

t$%(a

Me#=e* :e** :,n)e#

Ka#/$r /u%&t r$%at& ara#( ta*& +$r+a a,a

ua /a%& )$+a(a& $ at&/a# 'ar& $%a#" a 'a##"# $%a#" a

L$)& $#,a/&t/a# '& $#($/)*") 'a$ra ata ar&

B&a)a#,a !ra 4 +&ru atau /u%&t +$r ar#a 'a# )a#(at

+$r>ar&a)& 'a%a a/ura#

M$r/$% !$%% *"%," a >&ru) 8 : "u#' MDD

Fa/t"r r&)&/"@

A @ a)& t" at&/E @ +$r/$ +a#( *$)at

I @ )u*r$))&"# I u#$

O @ O%$r 'ar& 5 ta u#

U @ U%tra>&"%$t t$r*a a# C /u%&t ,a#( a'&%

K,n=e# K *it$

Kar)" a )$% +a)a% 'a# )$+a(&a# +$)arKar)" a S$% S/ua ")a

&)$+a+/a# "%$ *a*ara# /u%&t t$r a'a* )ar u%tra>&"%$t

'ar&)ar ata ar& C !a a,a +uata#

Pa*ara# +$r%$+& ata ar& a#tu/ a/tu ,a#( %a a -X3

,".

R&)&/" T((& u#tu/ $#($ +a#(/a# /a#/$r /u%&t '&

/$ u'&a# ar&


58/78

G$# TP53 ($# )u*r$))"r tu "r $#'a)ar& )$%

)/ua ")a4 ,a#( $#,$+a+/a# )$%0)$% '$#(a# NA ,a#(ru)a/ at&

G$#$ PTDH -($# '&ta +a%. a'a%a )u*r!))"r tu "r

,a#( +$ru+a $# a'& "#/"($#4 ,a#( t$r/$#a '& )!% +a)a

(en)eg,&'ua% @ Pa/a&a#4 Ta+&r )ur,a4

$#((u#a/a# t"*&4 /a!a ata &ta

Rut *! $r&/)aa# /u&&t '&r& @ *$ru+a a# ta & %a%at4

+$/a) %u/a4 ta#'a #"'a4 +t&/0+t&/ a a%

:,n)e# T


59/78

P$r at&/a# ta#'a 'a# ($ a%a )$t$%a [6 a ra'&a)&

'&+$r&/a#4 ,a&tu @ P$ru+a a# *&( $#4 &%a#(#,a ra +utE $/ a#(/a *a# a#( !uta#$u) t" &!&t,

T$%a#(&$!ta)&a

F&+r")&)

Atr"*&

U%)$ra)&

S/ !a#!$r

Assessment

L"/a)& -/$r(C%$ +a+.

U/ura# ar$a

a)ar %u/a

E/)u'at - $#&)4 u %a 4 +au.

K$t&'a/#,a a#a# -t$r+a/ar4 t$rtar&/4 .

Ta#'a $/)& -'$ a 4 +au4 'raa)$ *u $#4 #,$r&4

+$#(/a/ '&

)$/&tarar$a ra'&a)&.

(#insip pe#,8,t,n = *it

P$rta a#/a# /$%$ +a+a# /u%&t +"', %"t&"#)C !r$a 4 t&'a/

$#((aru/ /u%&t4 !u!& ta#(a#

D$(a trau a

H'ar& *a*ara# ata ar&4 *a/a&a# ,a#( $%'u#(&4 )u#+%"!/ C

%"t&"# & u SPF 3

Ma#a $ $# #,$r&

R$%a/)a)&4 a#a%($t&/

D$(a $/)&


60/78

P$r at&/a# ta#'a $/)&4 /u%tur %u/a4 a#t&+a/t$r&a%Ca#t& u#(a%

M,s,*,< Integ men L,in p,", (,sien R,n=e#

1 \ua%&t, " L& $ @ D" "rt Prur&tu)

2 Pr"t$!t&>$ M$! a#&) @

A%t$rat&"#) M"+&%&t, *r$))ur$ u%!$r

A%t$rat&"#) )/ t$(r&t,

3 Ga)tr"t$)ta% a#' urar, u#!t&"#@

A%t$rat&"# Nutr&t&"# "ra% u!")&t&)4 !a! $ &a4 a)!&t$)

A%t$rat&"# E%& at&"# O)t" , a#' urar, '&>$r)&"#


61/78

(ENYEMBUHAN LUKA

O*e< $ Y ningt2,s8,#i

KULIT

Ku%&t $ru*a/a# "r(a# ,a#( !u/u* %ua) ,a#( t$r'a*at

'&*$r u/aa# tu+u 4 'a# +$r u#()& )$+a(a& *$&'u#( u#tu/

$# a(a ar(a# t$r#a% 'ar& trau a4 +a a,a ra'&a)& u%tra>&"%$t4

t$ *$ratur$ ,a#( $/)tr& 4 t"/) 'a# +a/t$r&

LUKA

Lu/a a'a%a ru)a/#,a )tru/tur 'a# u#()& a#at" &) /u%&t #"r a%

a/&+at *r")$) *at"%"(&) ,a#( +$ra)a% 'ar& t$r#a% au*u#

$/)t$r#a% 'a# $#($#a& "r(a# t$rt$#tu

$ #&)& @ seng,t,n

*ist#i=> ,t, gigit,n


62/78

'&ta#'a& '$#(a# /$ $ra a# ,a#( t& +u% 2 a

)$t$%a %u/a 'a# '&&/ut& '$#(a# $#($%u*a)#,a*$r u/aa# /u%&t

Lu/a *a'a '$ra at )atu a/a# )$ +u ta#*a

$#((a%/a# !a!at

%. De#,9,t D ,

K$ru)a/a# t$r a'& Pa'a )$+a(&a# %a*&)a# '$r &)4

'&ta#'a& '$#(a# u#!u%#,a 'ulae a$ra +t&/ +t&/

+&ru 'ar& /$%$# ar se'asea 'a# a/ar ra +ut a/a#u#!u% *a'a ta a* *$#,$ +u a# %u/a

T(/at *$#,$ +u a# %u/a *a'a %u/a +a/ar '$ra at

'ua '&+a(& 'ua $#&) +$r'a)ar/a# /$'a%a a# %u/a

+a/ar ,a/#&

0 %u/a )u*$r )&a% 'a# %u/a *r" u#'a

0 Lu/a )u*$r )&a% a/a# )$ +u )$%a a 'ua ((u

0 *$#,$ +u a# %u/a *r" u#'a '& u%a& 'ar& ar(a#(ra#u%a)&t&*&)4 )$ *&t 'a# '&tutu* '$#(a# $*&t$%

,a#( +$ra)a% 'ar& 'a)ar %u/a )$%a 'ar& t$*& %u/a

&. De#,9,t Tig,

K$ru)a/a# t$r a'& *a'a )$ uru %a*&)a# '$ rr#&) $r &)

,a#( t$r+a/ar a/a# "#($r( 'a# $#!&ut ,a#( '&)$+ut

'$#(a# skar P$#,$ +u a# +$r)& at %a a /ar$#a t&'a/a'a *r")$) $*&t$%&)a)& )*"#ta#

(ENYEMBUHAN LUKA

P$#,$ +u a# %u/a a'a%a *r")$) *$#((a#t&a# 'a# *$r+a&/a#

u#()& ar(a# ,a#( ru)a/ P$#,$ +u a# %u/a $%&+at/a#

t$(ra)& *r")$) )&"%"(&) S& at *$#,$ +u a# *a'a )$ ua %u/a


63/78

)a a4 '$#(a# >ar&a),a +$r(a#tu#(*a'a %"/a)&4 /$*ara a# 'a#

%ua)#,a !$'$ra

FASE UTAMA (ENYEMBUHAN LUKA.

M$#urut M"r&)"#4 MJ @

R$)*"# I# a a)& a/ut t$r a'a* !$'$ra @

H" $")ta)&)

P$%$*a)a# &)ta 'a# $'&at"r %a 'r)$% ,( ru)a/

M&(ra)& %$u/")&t -PMN 'a# Ma/r" a(. /$ t$ *at ,( ru)a/

$)tru/t& @

*$ +$r)& a# ar(a# ,( at& 'a# ,(

$#(a%a &'$>&ta%&)a)& "%$ )$ PMN 'a# Ma/r" a(

Pr"%& $rat& @

*$ +u%u 'ara +aru ,( '&*$r/uat ar(a# &/at$#( %tra)& %u/a

M$#urut M"r&)"#4 MJ @

1 Matura)&@

r$0$*&t$%&)a)&4 /"#tra/)& %u/a 'a# r$"r(a#&)a)& ar(a# &/at

K$#,ataa##,a4 a)$0 a)$ *$#,$ +u a# t$r)$+ut )a%(

tu *a#( t't 4 'ura)& )$t&a* a)$ 'a# a/tu u#tu/*$#,$ +u a# )$ *ur#a +$r(a#tu#( *a'a +$+$ra*a

a/t"r @- U/ura# 'a# t$ *at- K"#'&)& u u )&"%"(&) *a)&$#- I#t$r>$#)& 'r %uar ,( $#'u/u#( *$#,$ +u a#

Pr")$) P$ u%& a# @


64/78

R$a/)& *$ u&& a# ra'a#( ,a#( )$($ra t& +u% )$t$%a $ a)

P$ u%& a# C r$($#$ra)& @ *$#((a#t&a# )$% at& "%$ )$% ,a#(

&'u* K$ u#(/a# *$#((a#t& @

1 S$% *ar$#/& -)$% ,a#( u#()&"#a%. atau

2 Str" a ar(a# &/at - ,a#( t&'a/ / a) . '&/$#a% '$#(a#

*$ +$#tu/a# ar(a# *arut

S$% '&+a(& tu+u $# a'& 3 ("%"#(a# - +$r'a)ar/a#

/$ a *ua# u#tu/ r$($#$ra)&.

!. Se* *,0i*

a*at +$r*r"%& $ra)& t$ru)4 $#((a#t& )$% ,a#( &$*a) C

at& )$!ara a/t&

!"#t" @ $*&'$r &)4 $*&t$% *$%a*&) r"#((a u%ut4 )a%ura#

*$r#a a)a#4 )a&ura# *$#!$r#aa#4 )a% ($#$ta%&a4 $*&t$%

*$%a*&) 'u/tu)4 u/")a u)u)4 )$ 0)$% )u )u tu%a#( 'a#

ar(a# %& "&'

%. Se* st,0i*

Ma *u r$($#$ra)& -t&'a/ a/t& .4 'a%a /"#'&)& #"r a%

t&'a/ +$rta +a

!"#t" @ S$% $#'"t$% 'a# "t"t *"%")4 S$% *ar$#/& )$r#ua

/$%$# ar tu+u 4 t$r a)u/ at&4 *a#/r$a)4 /$% %&ur4

/$% $#'"/r )$% tu+u%& ( a%4 /$% /u%&t

E/)&)& -*"t"#( +ua#(. 8 : at& 'a*at *u%& 'a%a a/tu

1

((u

&. Se* pe#m,nen

0 ru)a/ +$rart& /$ru)a/a# t$ta*

0 )$%a%u '&)u)u% '$#(a# ar(a# *arut

!"#t" @ S$% #$ur"# - C )$ra+ut a/)"# .4 )$% "t"t

+$r!"ra/4 )$% "t"t a#tu#( - &"/ar'&u .


65/78

FASE (ENYEMBUHAN LUKA

1 Fa)$ I# a a)&Ct$a/)&

2 Fa)$ Pr"%& $rat& Cr$($#$ra)&

3 Fa)$ Matura) Cr$4 "'$ %(

F,se In ,m,si

I# a a)& $ru*a/a# r$a/)& tu+u t$r a'a* %u/a ,a#(

'& u%a& )$t$%a +$+$ra*a $#&t 'a# +$r&a#()u#( )$%a a )$/&tar

3 ar& )$t$%a !$'$ra

Pr")$) *$r+a&/a# t$r'&r& 'ar& $#("#tr"% *$#'ara a#

- $ ")tat&).4 $#(&r& 'ara 'a# )$% /$ ar$a ,a#( $#(a%a &

!$'$ra - a a).4 'a# $ +$#tu/ )$%)$% $*&t$ *a'a t$ *at

!$'$ra -$*&ta%&)a)&.

S$%a a *r")$) $ ")tat&)4 *$ +u%u 'ara ,a#( !$'$ra

a/a# $#(a%a & /"#)tr&/)& 'a# tr" +")&t +$r/u *u% u#tu/

$#( $#t&/a# *$r'ara a# B$/ua#0+$/ua# 'ara $ +$#tu/

atr&/) +r ,a#( #a#t,a a/a# $# a'& /$ra#(/a u#tu/

*$r+a&/a# )$%

R$)*"#) >a)/u%ar 'a# )$%u%ar t$r a'& /$t&/a ar(a# !$'$ra

6asokonstriksi pem0 * < te#9,"i ",n 0e= ,n

7brinoplatelet t$r+$#tu/ 'a%a u*a,a u#tu/ $#("#tr"%

*$#'ara a# R$a/)& & +$r&a#()u#( 'ar& 5 $#&t )a *a& 1

$#&t 'a# '&&/ut& "%$ >a)"'&%ata)& >$#u%a Mikrosirkulasi

/$ &%a#(a# /$ a *ua# vasokonstriksinya /ar$#a norepinefrin

'&ru)a/ "%$ $#;& tra)$%u%ar Ju(a4 &)ta '&%$*a)/a#4 ,a#(

$#(/at/a# permea'ilitos /a*&%$r

K$t&/a mikrosirkulasi $#(a%a & /$ru)a/a#4 $%$ $# 'ara

)$*$rt& a#t&+"'&4 *%a) a *r"t$ $%$/tr"%&t4 /" *t$ $#4 'a# a&r


66/78

$#$ +u) )*a)&u >a)!u%ar )$%a a 2 )a *a& 3 ar&4

$#,$+a+/a# e"em,> te#,0, =eme#,a)"'&%ata)& )$t$ *at $#,$+a+/a#

t$r a',a e"em,.

T,n", ",#i in ,m,si men9,"t 9e*,s 0e# p,

=eme#,&ta)

uta a )$%a a a)$ r$($#$ra)& & a'a%a $#(&)& %u/a '$#(a#

ar(a# *$#,a +u#( atau &ar& #(a# (ra#u%a)& ,a#( +aru 'a#

$#utu* &a(&a# ata) %u/a '$#(a# $*&t$%&)a)& @

F&+r"+%a) $ *$r+a#,a/ '&r& 'a# $ +$#tu/ ar(0 ar(

u#tu/ )$%0)$% ,a#( +$r t(ra)&


67/78

F&+r"+%a) +$ra)a% 'ar& sel mesenkim ,a#( +$%u

+$r'& $r$#)&a)&4 $#( a)&%/a# u/"*"%&)a/ar&'a4 a)a a "(%&) 'a# *r"% ,a#( $ru*a/a# +a a# 'a)ar )$rat /"%a($#

,a#( +$r u#()& u#tu/ $r$/at/a# t$*& %u/a

S$rat '&+$#tu/ 'a# '& a#!ur/a# /$ +a%& u#tu/ $#,$)ua&/a#

'&r& '$#(a# t$(a#(a# *a'a %u/a ,a#( !$#'$ru#( $#(/$rut

Pa'a a/ &r#,a /$/uata# t$(a#(a# %u/a $#!a*a& 25:

ar(a# #"r a%4 'a# a/ &r#,a &/ata# tra "%$/u% 'a#

a#tar "%$/ut a/a# $ *$r/uat )$rat /"%a($#a)$ +r"*%a)&a) +$r%a#()u#( 5 )a *a& 2 ar&

Pa'a a)$ & %u/a a/a# '&*$#u & )$% ra'a#(4 +r"+%a) 'a#

/"%a($#4 $ +$#tu/ ar(a# +$r ar#a /$ $ra a# 'a#

*$r u/aa# ,a#( +$r+$# "% a%u) ,a#( '&)$+ut ar(a#

(ra#u%a)& -S a )u &'a at 'a# '$ J"#(4 2 5.

S$%0)$%epitel $ +$#tu/ /u#!u* *a'a *((&ra# %u/a

/u#!u* & +$r/$ +a#( $# a'& /a*&%$r4 ,a#( $ru*a/a#)u +$r #utr&)& +a(& ar(a# (ra#u%a)& ,a#( +aru

E*&t$% )$% +a)a% '&t$*& %u/a t$r%$*a) 'ar& 'a)ar#,a 'a#

+$r*'a $#utu*& 'a)ar %u/a T$ *at ,a#( '&t((a%/a#

/$ u'&a# '&&)& "%$ a)&% &t")&) ,a#( %a Pr")$)

&(ra)t $*&t$& a#,a +$r a%a# /$ *$r u/aa# ,a#( rata

atau %$+& r$#'a Fa)$ +r"*%a)&a) +$r%a#()u#( 5 )a *a& 2

ar&P$ +$#tu/a# ar(a# (ra#u%a)& +$r $#t& )$t$%a

)$%uru *$r u/aa# %u/a t$rtutu* $*&t$% ,a#( #a#t,a $#u u

*r")$) *$#(atura# /$ +a%& 'a# *$#,$ra*a# ,a#( +$r%$+&

-B&)"#"4 2 9.

S$t$%a 2 ((u4 %u/a a#,a $ &&&/& 3 : )a *a& 5:

'ar& /$/uata# a)%,a Sa *a& a/ &r +u%a#4 a#,a 35:

)a *a& 59: /$/uata# %u/a t$r!a*a& T&'a/ a/a# %$+&


68/78

'ar& 7 : )a *a& 8 : /$/uata# '&!a*a& /$ +a%& Ba#,a/

>&ta t$ruta a >&ta D4 $ +a#tu 'a%a *r")$)

$ta+"%&) $ ,a#( t$r%&+at 'a%a *$#,$ +u a# %u/a a)$

+r"*%a)&a +$r%a#()u#( 5 )a *a& 2 ar&

F,se M,t #,si

S$/&tar 3 ((u )$t$%a !$'$ra4 #'ro'last u%a&

$#((a%/a# %u/a Jar(a# *arut ta *a/ +$)ar4 )a *a&

#'ril kolagen $#,u)u# /$ 'a%a *")&)& ,a#( %$+& *a'at

Matura)& ar(a# )$*$rt& & t$ru) +$r%a# ut 'a# $#!a*a&

/$/uata# a/)& u 'a%a 1 atau 12 ((u4 t$ta*&

t&'a/ *$r#a $#!a*a& /$/uata# a)a%#,a 'ar& ar(a#

)$+$%u %u/a +$r%a#()u#( 21 ar& )a *a& )$+u%a# atau

+a /a# ta u#a# Matura)&4 ,a#( $ru*a/a# ta a* a/ &r

*r")$) *$#,$ +u a# %u/a4 'a*at $ $r%u/a# a/tu %$+&

'ar& )atu ta u#4 +$r(a#tu#( *a'a /$'a%a a# 'a# /a%ua)a#

%u/a S$rat /"%a($# $#(a%a & r$ "'$%( atau r$"r(a#&)a)&

)$+$%u $#!a*a& +$#tu/ #"r a%

Ha% &4 )$ a%a# '$#(a# '$ &'ra)&4 $#(ura#(& ar(a# *arut

t$ta*& $#(/at/a# /$/uata##,a Fa)$ r$ "'$%( atau

a)$ r$)"+)&

Fa)$ & 'a*at +$r%a#()u#( )$%a a +$r+u%a#0+u%a#

'a#'&/ata/a# +$ra/ &r +&%a ta#'a ra'a#( )u'a &%a#(4*arut 'a# )$/&tar#,a +$r ar#a *u!at4t&*&)4 %$ a)4 t&'a/ a'a

ra)a )a/&t 'a# (ata% Pa'a a)$ & t$r a'& *r")$) /"#tra/)&

*arut ,a#( '" a# -B&)"#"4 2 9. B$r%a#()u#( 21 ar&

)a *a& )$+u%a# atau +a /a# ta u#a#

(en2em0


69/78

Lu/a '$#(a# ar(a# ,a#( &%a#(4 )$*$rt& @ %u/a +a/ar4 %u/a

t$/a#P$#,$ +u a# )$/u#'$r $ $%u/a# ,a#( %$+& %a a

)$ ((a /$ u#(/a# t$r a',a $/)& %$+& +$)ar t$*& %u/a

t&'a/ )a%( +$r'$/ata# Lu/a a/a# t$ta* t$r+u/a ((a t$r&)&

"%$ ar(a# *arut

Lu/a t$r+u/a ,a#( +$)ar +&a)a#,a %$+& +a#,a/

$#($%uar/a# !a&ra# 'ar& *a'a %u/a t$rtutu*

I# a a)& ,a#( t$r a'& )$r( /a%& +$r)& at /r"#&/ 'a# ar(a#,a#( ru)a/ %$+& +a#,a/ '&*$#u & "%$ ar(a# (ra#u%a)&

,a#( ra*u 'ar& *a'a '&*$#u & "%$ /"%a($#

B$r%a#()u#( %a +at - a/t"r %ua) /$ru)a/a#4 +a#,a/#,a )$%

#$/r"t&/ 'a# $/)u'at

Ha *&r )$%a%u +$ra/&+at *$ +$#tu/a# ar(a# *arut 'a#

/$ &%a#(a# +a#,a/ u#()& / a)

ASUHAN KE(ERA@ATAN (ADA KLIEN DENGAN LUKA

BAKAR

I0 A?i?,a)/u%$r $#uru#

K$ru)a/a# /u%&t a/&+at %u/a +a/ar !a&ra# $#uru#

a/&+at *$#(ua*a# ,a#( +$r%$+& a#4 a)u/#,a !a&ra# /$

+u%a ,a#( t$r+$#tu/ *a'a %u/a +a/ar '$ra at II4 'a#

*$#($%uara# !a&ra# 'ar& /$r"*$#( %u/a +a/ar '$ra at III

Fa/t"r0 a/t"r /$ &%a#(a# !a&ra# tu+u @

1 P$#(/ata# M$ra%"/"rt&/"&'

R$t$#)& a&r4 #atr&u 4 /%"r&'a

E/r$)& /a%&u

2 P$#(/ata# *$r $a+&%&ta)

P$ +u%u 'ara @ /$%uar#,a

E%$/tr"%&t 'a# *r"t$ 'ar& *$ +u%u 'ara

3 P$r+$'aa# t$/a#a# ") &t&/ tra

S$% 'a# $/)tra )$%


72/78

Ma#& $)ta)& )&)t$ &/ tu+u $%&*ut& @

R$)*"# Kar'&" =a/u%$r

P$r*'a a# !a&ra# 'ar& tra>a)/u%$r /$ $/)tra>a)/u%$r

$%a%u& /$+"!"ra# /a*&%$r ,a#( $#(a/&+at/a#

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73/78

R$)*"# Pu% "#$r

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LUAS LUKA BAKAR

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Lua) /$*a%a 'a# %$ $r4 'a'a4 *u#((u#(4 *((a#( 'a#

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/a/& /&r& a)(0 a)(

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*$r u/aa# /$*a%a a#a/ au %$+& +$)ar 'a# %ua) r$%at&>$

*$r u/aa# /a/& %$+& /$!&%

Ru u) 1 u#tu/ +a,&

Ru u) 1 01502 u#tu/ a#a/

(EMBAGIAN LUKA BAKAR


74/78

Lu/a +a/ar +$rat (ma+or 'um)

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M,n,gement pe#to*ong,n pe#t,m, * =, 0,=,#

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T$#tu/a# %ua) Lu/a Ba/ar


76/78

Pa)a#( /at$t$r ur ' $%%(

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(EMERIKSAAN (ENUNCANG

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77/78

A#a%&)&) (a) 'ara

Ra'&"%"(& 0 &/a a'a '&/a)& AR S P$ $r&/)aa# %a ,a#( '&+utu /a# u#tu/ $#!(a//a#

'&a(#")&) SIRS 'a# MO S

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0 Lua) %u/a +a/ar -:. BB -/(. $# a'& L NaD% *$r 2 a

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a

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78/78

S$*aru 'ar& u %a !a&ra# '&+$r&/a# 'a%a 8 a

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*$rta a Pa'a ar& /$t&(a '&+$r&/a# )$t$#(a u %"a

!a&ra# ar& /$'ua

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