SKR I PS I Diaju kan u ntu k Memenuhi S alah Satu S ya r at · PENGARUH PER SEPS I KON SUM EN ......

ROTOM ADEPES SATA NEMUSNOK ISPESREP HURAGNEP

ILEB TANIM PADAHRET OIRAV ADNOH KEREM CITAM

)namelS ,nanabmarP ,ojerudaM aseD iD susaK idutS(

ISPIRKS

tarayS utaS halaS ihunemeM kutnu nakujaiD imonokE anajraS raleG helorepmeM

nemejanaM idutS margorP

helO nususiD

: amaN irasakiteS atidnE acsisnarF

0412260 : MIN 54

NEMEJANAM IDUTS MARGORP

NEMEJANAM NASURUJ

IMONOKE SATLUKAF

AMRAHD ATANAS SATISREVINU

ATRAKAYGOY

2 310




ISPIRKS



helO nususiD


0412260 : MIN 54


NEMEJANAM NASURUJ

IMONOKE SATLUKAF


ATRAKAYGOY

2 310




ISPIRKS



helO nususiD


0412260 : MIN 54


NEMEJANAM NASURUJ

IMONOKE SATLUKAF


ATRAKAYGOY

2 310

PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJIPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

i




ISPIRKS



helO nususiD


0412260 : MIN 54


NEMEJANAM NASURUJ

IMONOKE SATLUKAF


ATRAKAYGOY

2 310

i




ISPIRKS



helO nususiD


0412260 : MIN 54


NEMEJANAM NASURUJ

IMONOKE SATLUKAF


ATRAKAYGOY

2 310

i




ISPIRKS



helO nususiD


0412260 : MIN 54


NEMEJANAM NASURUJ

IMONOKE SATLUKAF


ATRAKAYGOY

2 310


ii


iii


vi

OM T NAHABMESREP NAD OT

asaitnanes halaticakusreB

aodreb halpateT

lah alages malad halrukuys nakpacugneM

ehekid gnay haluti babeS igab suseY sutsirK malad hallA ikadn

umak

61 :S seT - 81

naka patet uak nupteselem akij anerak tignal haliapaG

gnatnib aratnaid adareb - .gnatnib

( oisacroF asoR )

S : adapek nakhabmesrep uk ini ispirk

id apab halA uruj agrus sutsirK suseY uktamaleynep airaM adnuB nad

nad ada ulales gnay m ukhakgnal paites malad kiabret gnay nakirebme

nitnE .A amaM nad oybiduS .nA ipaP atnicret ukautgnaro audeK

otnasuS ojiwD nad otrakeoS ojraH raseb agraulek ,ekeoY saM ukkakaK

nayerdnA ykfeiR atnicret ukhisakeK

nemeT - met hisakret gnay ukne


v

P AYRAK NAILSAEK NAATAYNRE

taumem kadit ini silut ayas gnay awhab aynhuggnuses nagned nakataynem ayaS

,akatsup ratfad nad napituk malad naktubesid halet gnay ilaucek ,nial gnaro ayrak

.haimli ayrak aynkayales anamiagabes

3102 lirpA ,atrakaygoY

irasakiteS atidnE acsisnarF


iv

KARTSBA

CITAM ROTOM ADEPES SATA NEMUSNOK ISPESREP HURAGNEPILEB TANIM PADAHRET OIRAV ADNOH KEREM


irasakiteS atidnE acsisnarF amrahD atanaS satisrevinU

atrakaygoY 3102

1( kutnu naujutreb ini naitileneP ) naadebrep tapadret hakapa ispesrep

citam rotom adepes sata nemusnok M nimalek sinej nakrasadreb oiraV adnoH kere )2( a snok ispesrep naadebrep tapadret hakap M citam rotom adepes sata nemu kere

dreb oiraV adnoH a rajalep non nad rajalep nakras 3( ) a huragnep ada hakapadepes sata nemusnok ispesrep M citam rotom t oiraV adnoH kere tanim padahre

ileb nalub adap nakanaskalid ini naitileneP ieM - 2102 inuJ id ,ojerudaM aseDnamelS nanabmarP .renoisiuk kinket nagned nakukalid atad nalupmugneP .

halada ni naitilenep malad nakanugid gnay isalupoP nednopser arap gnay itam rotom adepes iakamem c H adno V oira malad lepmas nalibmagnep kinkeT .

halada ini naitilenep gnilpmas evisoprup . gnilpmas kinket nakanuggnem nagneDapadid sata id 8 nakt nakanugid gnay atad sisilana kinkeT .nednopser 0 halada

sisilana t elpmas tnednepedni - nad tset .adnagreb raeinil iserger

nakkujnunem ini naitilenep lisaH awhab ok ispesrep adepes sata nemusn citam rotom H adno V ispesrep ,naadebrep ada kadit nimalek sinej nakrasadreb oira

ok citam rotom adepes sata nemusn H adno V sadreb oira a non nad rajalep nakr rajalep satilauk isnemid kutnu nemusnok ispesrep nakgnades ,naadebrep ada kadit

isomorp nad agrah isnemid kutnu numan ileb tanim padahret huragnepreb kudorp.ileb tanim padahret huragnepreb kadit


iiv

TCARTSBA

ELCYCROTOM DNARB FO NOITPECREP REMUSNOC FO TCEFFEOIRAV ADNOH YUB OT TSERETNI CITAM

)namelS ,nanabmarP ,egalliv inihs nI ydutS esaC(

irasakiteS atidnE acsisnarF amrahD atanaS satisrevinU

atrakaygoY 3102

hT e mia fo siht yduts rewsna ot si ( )1 era ereht rehtehw ni secnereffid

fo noitpecrep remusnoc elcycrotom sdnarb adnoH oiraV citaM xes yb ( )2 rehtehwera ereht ni secnereffid fo noitpecrep remusnoc elcycrotom sdnarb adnoH oiraV

m cita yb stneduts dna non - stneduts ( )3 si ereht rehtehw ecneulfni remusnocsnoitpecrep pot elcycrotom sdnarb adnoH oiraV citam no tseretni gniyub siht

yduts ni detcudnoc saw yaM - enuJ eht ni 2102 fo egalliv S inih , nanabmarP .namelS T w atad eh ere detcelloc yb eriannoitseuq euqinhcet . desu noitalupop ehT

ni eht yduts erew eht stnednopser esu ohw H adno V oira citam selcycrotom .gnilpmaS euqinhcet saw yduts siht ni evisoprup gnilpmas . yB a gnisu gnilpmas euqinhcet eht ni revo 08 stnednopser deniatbo . euqinhcet sisylana atad ehT desu si

eht eht fo sisylana elpmas tnednepedni t- tset dna noisserger raenil elpitlum .

ehT r adnoH fo snoitpecrep remusnoc taht etacidni yduts siht fo stlusecitam oiraV selcycrotom ot detaler redneg non ro tneduts , - tneduts eht elihw ,

ilauq tcudorp fo noitpecrep remusnoc fo snoisnemid tni gniyub tceffa yt tub tseret eh snemid od noitomorp dna ecirp fo snoi .tseretni gniyub eht tceffa ton


iiiv

NAUJUTESREP NAATAYNREP RABMEL KIMEDAKA NAGNITNEPEK KUTNU HAIMLI AYRAK ISAKILBUP

:amrahD atanaS satisrevinU awsisaham ayas ,ini hawab id nagnat adnatreb gnaY

amaN irasakiteS atidnE acsisnarF :

awsisahaM romoN 540 4122 60 :

naakatsupreP adapek nakirebmem ayas ,nauhategnep umli nagnabmegnep imeD

:ludujreb gnay ayas haimli ayrak amrahD atanaS satisrevinU

CITAM ROTOM ADEPES SATA NEMUSNOK ISPESREP HURAGNEPKEREM aseD iD susaK idutS( ILEB TANIM PADAHRET OIRAV ADNOH

)atrakaygoY ,namelS ,nanabmarP ,ojerudaM

nakirebmem ayas ,naikimed nagneD .)ada alib( nakulrepid gnay takgnarep atreseB

,napmiynem kutnu kah amrahD atanaS satisrevinU naakatsupreP adapek

ad nakhilagnem nalakgnap kutneb malad aynalolegnem ,nial aidem kutneb mal

simedaka nagnitnepek kutnu nial aidem uata tenretnI id aynnakisubirtsidnem ,atad

patet amales ayas adapek itlayor nakirebmem nupuata niji atnimem ulrep apnat

.silunep iagabes ayas aman nakmutnacnem

.aynranebes nagned taub ayas ini naataynrep naikimeD

atrakaygoY id taubiD

3102 iraunaJ 91

nakataynem gnaY

irasakiteS atidnE acsisnarF


xi

RATNAGNEP ATAK

sutsirK suseY nahuT adapek nakrutah silunep hisak amiret nad rukuys ijuP

luduj nagned ispirks nasilunep aggnihes ,ayNtamhar nad takreb alages sata

oiraV adnoH kereM citaM rotoM adepeS satA nemusnoK ispesreP huragneP“

ned iaseles halet ”ileB taniM padahreT malad silutid ini ispirkS .utkaw tapet nag

imonokE anajraS raleg helorepmem kutnu tarays utas halas ihunemem akgnar

imonokE satlukaF nemejanaM nasuruJ nemejanaM idutS margorP adap

.amrahD atanaS satisrevinU

nagned nakiaselesid tapad ini ispirks nasiluneP kiab nad utkaw tapet

nigni silunep ini natapmesek malaD .kahip iagabreb irad nautnab takreb

:adapek hisak amiret nakpacugnem

.1 rotkeR ukales ,.J.S ,amatmatoyirP onoyriW suluaP .rI .rD omoR


.2 kapaB .H .rD ojdiraM yrreH .iS , es , imonokE satlukaF nakeD ukal


.3 kapaB otowruP sakuL .rD nemejanaM idutS margorP auteK ukales ,


.4 A.B.M ,.E.S ,iweD atinaJ ekI ubI , .D.hP gnibmibmep nesod ukales

mibmem nad ignipmadnem halet gnay kimedaka amales silunep gnib

.amrahD atanaS satisrevinU nemejanaM idutS margorP id hailukreb


x

.5 ABM ,idatuS .hT .srD kapaB halet gnay ,I gnibmibmep nesod ukales

gnusek ,narabasek hunep nagned gnibmibmem ulales atres itah nahug

nad tagnames nakirebmem nagnorod apek malad silunep ad

.ini ispirks nakiaseleynem

.6 .iS.M ,otonraH gnabmaB .L .srD kapaB ibmep nesod ukales ,II gnibm

gnibmibmem halet gnay ,narabasek hunep nagned nakirebmem nad

aw ,silunep gnibmibmem malad hibel gnay utk atres ulales bmem nakire

nagnorod nakusam .ini ispirks nakiaseleynem malad silunep adapek

.7 atres aynnalemo nad hamarec hisakam nitnE amaM nad oybiduS ipaP

tagnames ,gnayas hisak ,aod ,aynkana kutnu kiabret gnay nakirebmem ,

,nanabrognep uktaub agrahreb tagnas gnay nagnibmib nad agomes ,

i ispirks abmem gnay utauses idajnem in gn nailak igab nakag .

.8 kakak ekeoY saM utas uk - ulales ,ukignayaynem gnay aynutas

atres ,isavitom ,nagnukud ,tagnames ukirebmem utnabmem uk nagned

ks aggnihes aod iaseles ayas ispir .

.9 ukkeneN nay )otrakusojraH kamaM( gnayasret asaitnanes g

.uknakaodnem

.01 beB - nayerdnA ykfeiR gnirkgnuC beb hisak nakirebmem halet gnay

s nad ,tagnames ,naaitesek ,gnaya t gnay nagnukud ini amales sulu

.ecnatsidgnoL nupualaw


ix

.11 tidiD saM ,noiD saM ,atnicaY ,aksiR ,ysseY kbM ,ayI kbM ukupupeS

kanop ,uk nakaodnem ulales gnay saiboT ,aicileF gnayasret uk na

atres ,seskus gnaro idajnem kutnu isavitom nad isaripsni nakirebmem

.atrakaJ id irS etnaT agraulek

.21 nameT -t taked name hisakam raiN ,akE ,naluW ,ivA ,ylleM ,gnuyaL uk

.ini amales naamasrebek nad ,nautnab ,tagnames taub syag

.31 nameT - namet aneD ,adniW hamur ,yuohC ,iweD ,silrA ,iluR ,atiG ,

gnay nagnukud atres aod ,tagnames taub hisakam naluW ,aiL ,ehG

.nakireb nailak

.41 nameT - 6002 natakgna nemejanam namet .

.51 gnay ini ispirks nasilunep malad utnabmem halet gnay kahip aumeS

utas naktubesid tapad kadit - aumes nailak itakrebmem nahuT utasrep

aynamales .nima ,

iagabreb ikilimem ini ispirks awhab iradaynem silunep aynrihkA

kek irad naras nad kitirk nakparahgnem silunep uti anerak helo ,nagnaru

nahuT amaN narasebek nakailumem nikames asib ini ispirks agomeS .acabmep

fer nahab idajnem tapad nad kahip kaynab igab taafnamreb atres e igab isner

naker - gnep umli nakgnabmegnem malad naker .nauhate

,atrakaygoY iraunaJ 102 3

akiteS atidnE acsisnarF


iix

ISI RATFAD

LUDUJ NAMALAH ································ ································ ················· i

GNIBMIBMEP NAUJUTESREP NAMALAH ································ ··········· ii

NAHASEGNEP RABMEL ································ ································ ······· iii

NAHABMESREP NAD OTTOM NAMALAH ································ ·········· vi

AYRAK NAILSAEK NAATAYNREP ································ ······················ v

KARTSBA ································ ································ ······························· iv

TCARTSBA ································ ································ ····························· iiv

ISAKILBUP NAUJUTESREP NAATAYNREP RABMEL ························ iiv i

RATNAGNEP ATAK ································ ································ ··············· ix

ISI RATFAD ································ ································ ···························· ix i

LEBAT RATFAD ································ ································ ····················· vx

RABMAG RATFAD ································ ································ ················· x iiv

I BAB NAULUHADNEP ································ ································ ··· 1

.A halasam gnakaleb rataL ································ ······················· 1

.B halasam nasumuR ································ ································ 4

.C halasam nasataB ································ ································ ·· 4

.D naitilenep naujuT ································ ································ · 5

.E naitilenep taafnaM ································ ······························· 5

II BAB IROET NASADNAL ································ ······························· 7

.A narasameP naitregneP ································ ·························· 8

.B narasameP nemejanaM naitregneP ································ ··········· 8

.C narasameP pesnoK ································ ······························ 8


iiix

.D nemusnoK ukalireP ································ ····························· 01

.E kudorP nailebmeP sesorP ································ ····················· 31

.F satilauK ································ ································ ············· 41

.G kudorP ································ ································ ··············· 51

.H ispesreP naitregneP ································ ····························· 71

.I isomorP ································ ································ ············· 91

.J agraH ································ ································ ················· 02

.K ileB taniM ································ ································ ·········· 02

.L aynmulebeS naitileneP ································ ························ 32

.M sisetopiH ································ ································ ············ 42

III BAB NAITILENEP EDOTEM

.I naitileneP sineJ ································ ································ 62

.II naitileneP utkaW nad isakoL ································ ············· 62

.III naitileneP lebairaV ································ ··························· 62

.VI naitileneP keybO nad keybuS ································ ············ 72

.V ataD rebmuS ad sineJ ································ ······················· 82

.IV lanoisarepO isinifeD ································ ························· 82

.IIV lepmaS nad isalipoP ································ ························· 92

.IIIV lepmaS nalibmagneP kinkeT ································ ············· 03

.XI ataD nalupmugneP kinkeT ································ ················· 03

.X nemurtsnI naijugneP kinkeT ································ ············· 13

.IX ataD sisilanA kinkeT ································ ························ 33


vix

VI BAB MUMU NARABMAG NAITILENEP ································ ···· 34

.A ojerudaM aseD mumU narabmaG ································ ······· 34

.B kudorP mumU narabmaG ································ ··················· 44

V BAB NASAHABMEP NAD ,ATAD SISILANA ,ATAD ISPIRKSED 54

IV BAB ISAKILPMI NAD NALUPMISEK ································ ··········· 27

AKATSUP RATFAD ································ ································ ················ 74


vx

LEBAT RATFAD

nednopseR nimaleK sineJ ataD 1 .V lebaT ................................ .................... 54

nednopseR rumU ataD 2 .V lebaT ................................ ................................ .. 64

naajrekeP sineJ ataD 3 .V lebaT nednopseR ................................ ................... 74

nalisahgneP takgniT nakrasdreB nednopseR kitsiretkaraK 4 .V lebaT .......... 74

nakididneP takgniT nakrasadreB nednopseR kitsiretkaraK 5 .V lebaT .......... 84

adnatS 6 .V lebaT nednopseR nabawaJ isubirtsiD lisaH naialineP irogetaK r 94

.V lebaT naaynatreP rokS irogetaK radnatS 7 ................................ ................. 05

aP nednopseR nabawaJ isubirtsiD 8 .V lebaT ilauK lebairaV ad kudorP sat ... 15

airaV adaP nednopseR nabawaJ isubirtsiD 9 .V lebaT agraH leb .................... 25

J isubirtsiD 01 .V lebaT isomorP lebairaV adaP nednopseR nabawa ............. 53

airaV adaP nednopseR nabawaJ isubirtsiD 11 .V lebaT ileB taniM leb .......... 54

lebairaV renoisiuK satidilaV ijU 21 .V lebaT kudorP satilauK ...................... 65

ijU 31 .V lebaT agraH lebairaV renoisiuK satidilaV ................................ ...... 56

jU 41 .V lebaT isomorP lebairaV renoisiuK satidilaV i ................................ .. 57

uK satidilaV ijU 51 .V lebaT ileB taniM lebairaV renoisi ............................... 75

eR ijU 61 .V lebaT kudorP satilauK lebairaV satilibail ................................ ... 85


ivx

.V lebaT agraH lebairaV satilibaileR ijU 71 ................................ ................... 95

ilibaileR ijU 81 .V lebaT isomorP lebairaV sat ................................ ............... 95

leR ijU 91 .V lebaT ileB taniM lebairaV satilibai ................................ ............ 06

lisaH 02 .V lebaT t lepmaS nednepednI ijU - t tse ................................ ............ 06

lebaT t lepmaS nednepednI ijU lisaH 12 .V - tset ................................ ............ 26

lebaT lisaH 22 .V ............................................... satirainilokitluM ijU ............. 56

lisaH 32 .V lebaT ........................ isalerokotuA ijU ................................ ......... 66

42 .V lebaT ............ adnagreB reiniL isergeR ijU lisaH . ................................ 76

T ..................................... adnagreB reiniL isergeR ijU lisaH 52 .V leba ......... 76


iivx

RABMAG RATFAD

abmaG satilamroN ijU avruK 1 .V r ................................ ................................ 46

.V rabmaG satilamroN ijU margotsiH 2 ................................ ......................... 46

S 3.V rabmaG dolperttac satireiniL ijU ................................ ............................ 66


1

I BAB

NAULUHADNEP

.A halasaM gnakaleB rataL

halet ini gnarakes isasilabolg are adap narasamep ainud nagnabmekreP

halitsi nagned hunep utigeb nad skelpmok utigeb idajnem - .aynhalitsi

narasameP M nugnabmem halada aynrasad adap re .nemusnok kaneb id ke

nataukeK M ukalirep ihuragnepmem kutnu aynnaupmamek adap katelret kere

.nailebmep takimem kutnu raseb gnay nataukek iaynupmem inikayid kereM

ilikawid gnay asaj uata kudorp ilebmem kutnu gnaro aynada nagneD .ayn

M naklanegnem kutnu naahasurep hadumrepmem naka akam kere aynkudorp

kerem aggnihes nemusnok arap adapek amiretid tapad nad pudih ulales surah

.rasap kereM - aisenodnI id radereb hadus ini taas gnay rotom adepes kerem

l aratna M nad ,ikuzuS ,ahamaY ,adnoH nia ere k- gnisaM .aynnial kerem -

M gnisam esret rotom adepes kere kudorp isavoni nakukalem abmolreb tub

gnisam aynigolonket nad ledom ,epit nagned - nagned nakiausesid gnay gnisam

g ,sutats ,iseforp nahutubek .aynanuggnep iboh nad pudih aya atad turuneM

rotoM adepeS irtsudnI isaisosA helo nakraulekid gnay nalaujnep aisenodnI

kaynabret nalaujnep nakukubmem adnoH ,7002 tapmeek latrauk kutnu )ISIA(

atuj 329,1 nagned ahamaY helo lususid gnay tinu atuj 531,2 halmuj nagned

.929.146 halmujes nalaujnep nagned ikuzuS helo itukiid ,tinu

nemusnok gnarab ilebmem nasutupek malaD irad hibel ada ilakgnires

tabilret gnay aud .naailebmep uata narakutrep sesorp malad ada aynmumU


2

`

amilek aynalak adA .gnaroeses nakukalid tapad gnay nanarep macam amil

.gnaro utas helo gnagepid ini narep gnisam ianegnem namahameP - gnisam

tagnas ini nanarep nahutubek naksaumem akgnar malad anugreb - nahutubek

,itupilem tubesret narep amileK .nemusnok nanigniek nad nemusnok

nad ,ilebmep ,nasutupek nalibmagnep ,huragnep ,irebmep ,asrakarmep

)5002 ,reltok( iakamep .

itah tagnas nup aynnemusnok ojerudaM ased iD - tah ilebmem malad i

uata gnarab acrepmem tagnas tubesret nemusnok araP .kudorp ay adepes i

rotom citam M kere naksaumem tagnas gnay kudorp iagabes oiraV adnoH

bid a M uata kudorp nakgnidn rotom adepes kere citam aynial . naitilenep iraD

nakukal ayas gnay uluhadret gnay nemusnok aratna halmuj naadebrep ada

em iakam adepes citam rotom M oiraV adnoH kere nemusnok nagned gnay

rotom adepes iakamem citam gnay nemusnoK .aynial rotom adepes iakamem

citam M adnoH kere 08 ada utiay kaynab hibel oiraV o nakgnades ,gnar adepes

kitam rotom 86 oim adepes nad citam rotom taeB .gnaro 54 ada asib inisiD

adepes iakamem gnay nemusnok uata gnaro tanimep awhab naklupmisid

rotom citam kaynab hibel oiraV citam rotom adepes nakgnidnabid .aynial

haletes aynukalirep nakkapmanem naka nemusnoK nakukalem

utaus ilebmem malad libmaid naka gnay apa nasutupek padahret ispesrep

turuneM .kudorp : kunaK nad namffihcS( utaus nakapurem ispesrep )0002

nad ,nakisasinagrognem ,hilimem kutnu gnaroeses taubmem gnay sesorp

nagnasgnar nakisaterpretnignem - utaus idajnem amiretid gnay nagnasgnar

tapad satilauk ispesreP .aynainud gnatnet pakgnel nad itrareb gnay narabmag


3

`

kisinifedid araces kudorp satilauk padahret naggnalep ispesrep iagabes na

tafisreb anamid ,nakparahid gnay duskam nagned naanekreb nahurulesek

fitanretla padahret fitaler - kudorp utaus irad satilauk ispesreP .fitanretla

tiak iaynupmem M utaus anamiagab nagned tare na ere nakispesrepid tubesret k

nakasarid gnay satilauk ispesreP .)5002 ,itawadniL malad 7991 ,6991 ,rekaA(

kutnu tubesret nemusnok naaidesek padahret huragnepreb nemusnok helo

)9991 ,srelhaW nad nampahC( kudorp haubes ilebmem .

et nemusnok gnaroes gnadnap araC r ah kudorp hakapa kudorp utaus pad

mulebes taafnam nad ,kutneb ,agrah ,satilauk araces kurub uata kiab tubesret

.nailebmep nasutupek libmagnem ai

ajas asib nemusnok ispesreP adebreb - M paites padahret adeb kere

gnisam naialineP .iapmujid gnay rotom adepes - adebreb nemusnok gnisam

nemusnok taubmem naka adebreb naialinep lisah nagnabmitrep anerak

mem M kutnu adebreb gnay pakis ikili .adebreb gnay rotom adepes kere

laH gnay halini em kutnu kiratret silunep taubmem naitilenep nakukal

luduj nagned “ SPESREP HURAGNEP SATA NEMUSNOK I ADEPES

CITAM ROTOM OIRAV ADNOH KEREM TANIM PADAHRET

.”ILEB ,namelS ,nanabmarP ,ojerudaM aseD iD susaK idutS(

)atrakaygoY


4

`

.B halasaM nasumuR

.1 naadebrep tapadret hakapA sata nemusnok ispesrep citam rotom adepes

M V adnoH kere oira ? nimalek sinej nakrasadreb

.2 snok ispesrep naadebrep tapadret hakapA citam rotom adepes sata nemu

M dreb oiraV adnoH kere a rajalep non nad rajalep nakras ?

.3 adepes sata nemusnok ispesrep huragnep ada hakapA M citam rotom kere

t oiraV adnoH padahre ileb tanim ?

.C halasaM nasataB

nem kutnU adebreb gnay ispesrep iradnihg - adeb naksalejid ulrep akam ,

nasatab - halasam nasatab ini naitilenep malad . nasataB - malad nasatab

:utiay ini naitilenep

.1 uggnem hisam gnay nemusnok halada itiletid naka gnay nemusnoK nakan

rotom adepes citam M V adnoH kere .oira

.2 tubirtA rotom adepes citam M : utiay ,adnoH kere

.a satilauK itupileM kudorP nahab natirieK ,niseM satilauK :

rakab , natawarep nahadumeK .

.b itupileM agraH narayabmeP araC ,agraH aynraseB :

tiderK .

.c itupileM isomorP : ,gnusgnal haidah /sunoB

.nanalkireP


5

`

.3 pilem itiletid naka gnay nemusnok liforP ,aisU ,nimalek sineJ itu

.nakididneP ,nalisahgneP ,naajrekeP

.D naujuT

naitilenep irad naujut ,sataid halasam nasumurep adap ucagnem nagneD

:tukireb iagabes halada ini

.1 kutnU atinaw nad airp aratna ispesrep naadebrep ada hakapa sisilinagnem

gnisam irad tahilid - rotom adepes helo nakirebid gnay tubirta gnisam

.oiraV adnoH kereM citam

.2 non nad rajalep aratna ispesrep naadebrep ada hakapa sisilanagnem kutnU -

am irad tahilid rajalep gnis - d gnay tubirta gnisam adepes helo nakirebi

citam rotom M .oiraV adnoH kere

.3 tnU ok ispesrep huragnep ada hakapa iuhategnem ku adepes sata nemusn

M citam rotom oiraV adnoH kere ileb tanim padahret .

.E naitileneP taafnaM

:halada ini naitilenep irad taafnaM

.1 siluneP igaB

helorepid halet gnay umli nakparenem kutnu nakukalid ini naitileneP

k ukgnabid .atayn gnay susak malad ek hailu

.2 nial kahiP igaB

iagabes iakapid tapad nakparahiD nahab nad isnerefer nahabmat

asam adap nemusnok ispesrep nagned nagnubuhreb gnay nagnidnabrep

.gnatad naka gnay


6

`

.3 satisrevinU igaB

nahab iagabes nakanugid tapad nakparahid ini naitilenep lisaH

p nagned natiakreb gnay tujnal hibel naitilenep kutnu isamrofni ukalire

.DSU naakatsuprep isnerefer nahabmat iagabes nad nemusnok


7

II BAB

IROET NASADNAL

.A narasameP naaitregneP

alas nakapurem narasameP h utas anerak ,naahasurep malad nataigek

t iapacnem malad gnitnep gnay rotkaf nakapurem narasamep u naahasurep nauj

nakgnabmegnem ,naahasurep pudih nagnusgnalek naknahatrepmem utiay

ktapadnem kutnu nad naahasurep kadit narasamep nataigek aliB .abal na

naujut aggnihes ,uggnagret naka aynial kokop nataigek akam lisahreb

.iapacret tilus naahasurep

ahasU .naahasurep igab gnitnep itra ikilimem narasamep nataigeK

naahasurep utas hid gnay kudorp akij nalajreb tapad kadit kadit naklisa

nakrasapid t nad i narasamep nataigek uti nialeS .rasap adap naklanekid kad

nasaupek nakirebmem tapad surah nemusnok adapek gnay itrepes

; awhab ) 41 : 4891 ,ahtsawS usaB malad ( reltoK nakakumekid

kutnu ahasu adap nakharaid gnay aisunam nataigek halada naahasurep “

nahutubek nad nanigniek naksaumem ”narakutrep sesorp iulalem aisunam

gnay notatS J nailliW helo nakakumekid nial gnay narasamep naitregneP

htsawS usaB ( halada narasamep awhab tapadnepreb )01: 4891 ,a

kutnu gnacnarid gnay sinsib nataigek irad nahurulesek metsis“

gnarab nakisubirtsidnem nad ,nakisomorpmem ,nakanacnerem - gnarab

nemusnok adapek kiab asaj nad gnarab nanigniek naksaumem tapad gnay

”laisnetop nemusnok nupuam ini taas


8

`

naitregneP pukgnacnam halet babes pakgnel pukuc tubesret narasamep

nu nakkujutid aynaumes gnay isubirtsid nad isomorp ,anacner naksaumem kut

emusnok nahutubek n.

nakapurem narasamep nalupmisek kiratid tapad tubesret isinifed iraD

nem kutnu ahasureb gnay iskaretni utaus ini narakutrep nagnubuh nakatpic

naklubmitid tapad nakgnutnugnem gnay ilebmep nupuam nalaujnep helo

.kahip halebaudek

.B narasameP nemejanaM naitregneP

,nakanacnerem ,sisilanagnem sesorp halada narasameP nemejanaM

margorp nakiladnegnem nad nakisanidrookgnem - pukacnem gnay margorp

nad asaj ,kudorp irad isubirtsid nad isomorp ,agrah napatenep ,napesnokgnep

gnay narakutrep arahilemem nad nakatpicnem kutnu gnacnarid gnay nasagag

.naahasurep naujut iapacnem kutnu narasas rasap nagned nakgnutnugnem

2 ,reltoK pilihP( .)81:000

.C narasameP pesnoK

naahasurep utaus igab nalisahrebek icnuk nakapurem narasamep pesnoK

ialumid surah gnay ,isasinagro naujut nakatpicnem kutnu ahasu nagned

naksumurem nad lanegnem musnok nahutubek nad nanigniek naidumek ,ayn

tubesret naahasurep irad isanibmok utaus nusuynem nad naksumurem

tapeces isubirtsid nad isomorp agrah ,kudorp nakajibek - raga ayntapec

.naksaumem araces ihunepid tapad aynnmusnok arap nahutubek


9

`

nanigniek padahret nasaupek nakirebmem naujutreb narasamep pesnoK

ok nahutubek nad nemusn ( nemusnok adap isatneiroreb otsuc detneiro rem .)

) 7 : 4891 ( ahtsawS usaB helo isinifed araces idaJ : awhab nakatakid

awhab nakataynem gnay sinsib hafaslaf haubes halada narasamep pesnok“

nad imonoke tarays nakapurem nemusnok nahutubek nasaumep igab laisos

”naahasurep pudih nagnusgnalek

htsawS usaB ( utiay narasamep pesnok kokop rusnu 3 ada ini lah malaD ,a

81 :4891 - ) 12

.1 nemusnok adap isatneirO

.a kokop nahutubek nakutneneM ( deen cisab naka gnay ilebmep irad )

.ihunepid nad inagnatid

.b hilimeM narasas nakidajid naka gnay ilebmep id kokop kopmolek

.kudorp nalaujnep

.c .narasamep margorp nad kudorp nakutneneM

.d nad ialinem ,rukugnem kutnu nemusnok tesir nakadagneM

.nemusnok ukal hakgnit nad pakis ,nanigniek nakrisfanem

.e arts nakanaskalem nad nakutneneM .kiab hibel gnay narasamep iget

.2 largetnI araces narasamep nataigek nanusuyneP .

ruleS malad nawayrak hu bawaj gnuggnat iaynupmem naahasurep

adap nasaupek nakirebmem nagned naahasurep naujut ayniapacret sata

ada suraH .narasamep nataigek aynisanidrookret iulalem nemusnok

.asaj nupuam kudorp aratna tapet gnay isanidrook nad niauseynep


01

`

.3 .nemusnoK nasaupeK

akiJ gnay naahasurep tabikareb naka akam ihunepret nasaupek

audek idaj ,nagnutnuek helorepmem tubesret kudorp iskudorp kahip haleb

nagnutnuek helorepmem .

.D nemusnoK ukalireP

rotkaf helo naklubmitid nemusnok ukalireP - gnay nagnukgnil rotkaf

padahret huragnepreb naka nemusnok ukalireP .nemusnok ileb ukalirep

habureb - kasednem nikames gnay laisos huragnep nagned iauses habu .

kopmolek /udividni anamiagab irajalepmem nemusnok ukalirep anamiD

naksaumem akgnar malad asaj /gnarab iakamem nad ilebmem ,hilimem

m nahutubek .akere

.1 F rotka - halada nailebmep ukalirep ihuragnepmem gnay amatu rotkaf

.sigolokips nad idabirp ,laisos ,ayadub rotkaf

.a ayaduB rotkaF

,rutluk utiay gnitnep gnay rotkaf 3 ada ini ayadub rotkaf malad iD

halada rutluK .laisos salek nad rutlukbus utnenep rotkaf nak nad nanigniek

.rasadnem gnilap gnay aisunam ukalirep gnay naigab halada rutlukbuS

licek hibel iric nakirebmem hibel utiay rutluk irad - isasilaisos nad iric

naigabmep halada laisos salek nakgnadeS .atoggna igab susuhk

negomoh fitaler gnay takaraysam da araces nususret gnay nenamrep n

ialin nagned atoggna ikilimem nad sikrarih - d ialin a gnay ukalirep n

.apures


11

`

.b laisos rotkaF

.1 naucA kopmoleK

mem tagnas isnerefer /nauca kopmoleK kudorp nahilip ihuragnep

M atres aumes irad iridret gnaroeses nauca kopmoleK .kere

kutnu huragnep /gnusgnal huragnep iaynupmem gnay kopmolek

halada ini aumeS .gnaroeses ukalirep /nairidnep padahret gnusgnal

.iskaretnireb tubesrer gnaro anamid kopmolek

.2 agrauleK

gnilap gnay remirp kopmolek nakapurem agraulek atoggnA

helo ,huragnepreb p igab gnitnep gnay uti anerak e halada rasam

hilimem malad huragnep irebmem gnay anam atoggna iuategnem

tapad naahasurep aggnihes kudorp nailebmep naksutumem nad

margorp nusuynem - paiteS .kiab hibel gnay narasamep margorp

sesorp kusamret nailebmep nataigek nahutubek nahunemep

libmaid gnay napahat naiakgnarek nakapurem gnay utnetret

.nemusnok

.3 sutatS nad nareP

gnajnapes kopmolek kaynab malad isapisitrapreb gnaroeseS

gnaroeses isisoP .isasinagro nad bulk ,agraulek malad ,aynpudih

da akutnetid kopmolek paites mal .aynsutas nad narep irad n

mep gnaroeS M atres kudorp hilimem naka ileb kere gnay

.aynsutats nad narep naknimrecnem


21

`

.c naidabirpek rotkaF

idabirp kitsiretkarak helo ihuragnepid nailebmep malad nasutupeK

naadaek ,naajrekep ,pudih sulkis pahat ,aisu itrepes ayag ,imonoke

.ilebmep irad pesnok nad naidabirpek ,pudih

.d sigolokisP rotkaF

usamret gnay iroet aparebeb adA : utiay ,igolokisP iroet malad k

.1 ukal hakgnit awhab nakataynem ini iroet ,sitilanaokisP iroeT

skapret gnay nanigniek aynada helo ihuragnepid nemusnok nad a

.iynubmesret gnay fitom aynada

.2 d ,sigoloisoS iroeT nagnubuh adap naktareb kitinem ini iroet mala

ukal hakgnit nagned natiakreb gnay udividni ratna huragnep nad

nakub kopmolek ukalirep nakamatugnem hibel idaJ .akerem

.idabirp ukalirep

.3 iroeT adap ilebmep ukalirep naknakenem gnay iroet ,igoloportnA

,raseb kopmolek nakamatugnem ipatet takaraysam kopmolek utas

rutlukbus salek nad ) haread naayadubek( - .laisos salek

.2 nemusnoK nailebmeP ukalireP sineJ

.a timur gnay nailebmeP ukalireP .

ini taas adaP gnay naadebrep aynada asarem nemusnok id nakifingis

M iagabreb aratna ,laham gnay kudorp adap idajret aynasaib kere

.iggnit oksisireb nad ilebid gnaraj


31

`

.b ireP .isanosid gnarugnep nailebmep ukal

emusnok ini taas adaP M gnay nailebmep adap tabilret n kere

aynkudorp surah narasamep isakinumok idaJ .adebreb tikides

utnabmem gnay isaulave nad nanikayek naideynep adap nakkujutid

.saup asarem nemusnok

.c .naasaibek anerak nailebmep ukalireP

.kudorp utaus padahret hadner gnay natabilretek ikilimem nemusnoK

nemusnoK t nairidnep utaus kutnebmem kadit tubesret akerem padahre

M ipatet kere .akerem nagned barka hadus tubesret

.d .isairav iracnem gnay nailebmep ukalireP

naadebrep ipatet hadner tagnas nemusnok natabilretek ini taas adaP

nemusnok idaJ .nakisakifingis tagnas kerem nakukalem gnires

nahadniprep M .kere

.E kudorP nailebmeP sesorP

ukalirep helo nakutnetid nailebmep malad nasutupek nalibmagnep sesorP

halasam naiaseleynep natakednep haubes nakapurem tubesret sesorP .nemusnok

,reltoK( utiay ,pahat amil sata iridret gnay )422 :5002

.a halasaM nalanegneP

uata halasam ilanegnem ilebmep akitek ialumid nailebmep sesorP

uata lanretni nagnasgnar helo naksutecid tapad tubesret nahutubeK .nahutubek

.lanretske


41

`

.b isamrofnI nairacneP

kutnu gnorodret naka aynnahutubek gnasgnaret gnay nemusnoK

.kaynab hibel gnay isamrofni iracnem

.c fitanretlA isaulavE

ulrep nemusnok ,nakpatetid nailebmep naujut haleteS

irad sapel kadit nakukalid ini laH .nailebmep evitanretla nakisakifitnedignem

uragnep rebmes h - gnau halmuj itrepes nemusnok helo ikilimid gnay rebmus

.aidesret gnay utkaw nad

.d nailebmeP nasutupeK

snok arap ,isaulave pahat malaD sata isnereferp kutnebmem nemu

M kere - aguj tubesret nemusnoK.nahilip nalupmuk malad id ada gnay kerem

tapad M ilebmem kutnu tain kutnebmem .iakusid gnay kere

.e nailebmepacsaP ukalireP

nasaupek level imalagnem naka nemusnok ,kudorp ilebmem haleteS

akitek ajas utigeb rihkareb kadit rasamep saguT .utnetret nasaupkaditek uata

uatnamem surah rasamep araP.ilebid kudorp ,nailebmepacsap nasaupek

acsap nakadnit .nailebmepacsap naiakamep nad ,nailebmep

.F satilauK

simanid isidnok utaus halada sivaD hcsteoG turunem satilauk isinifeD

gnay nagnukgnil nad ,sesorp ,aisunam ,asaj ,kudorp nagned nagnubuhreb gnay

nakakumekid gnay natakedneP.nemusnok naparah ihibelem uata ihunemem

satilauk awhab naksagenem ini sivaD hcsteoG adap naknakenem aynah nakub


51

`

,aisunam satilauk tukgnaynem ipatet asaj nad kudorp utiay ,rihka lisah kepsa

hibel nanayalep nad asaj naahasureP .nagnukgnil satilauk nad ,sesorp satilauk

malad gnusgnal tabilret nemusnok anerak sesorp satilauk adap naknakenem

p .tubesret sesor

naggnalep ispesrep halada asaj satilauk ,rolyaT nad ninorC iroet malaD

.nanayalep ajrenik padahret nakisinifedid asaj satilauK fokcyW( iagabes

,kcolevoL malad )95:4002 ,onotpijT malad pitukid gnay :8891 .

.G kudorP

.1 kudorP naitregneP

,nahutubeK nasek irebmem aisunam naatnimrep nad nanigniek

da a utas halas nakapurem kudorP .aynaumes ihunemem kutnu kudorp ayn

irta kutnu laujid naka aynitnan gnay narasamep naruab irad tub

.naahasurep igab nagnutnuek nakirebmem

kiab utauses alages halada kudorP gnay asaj uata gnarab apureb

ubek naksaumem tapad kutnu naahasurep nakrawatid nanigniek nad nahut

.aynanuggnep

: ilha aparebeb turunem kudorp isinifeD

.a gnay tubirta nalupmukes halada )923:7991( reltoK pilihP turuneM

bignatni( atayn kadit nad )elbignat( atayn )el hadus aynmaladid gnay

,recegnep esitserp ,kirbap esitserp ,nasamek ,agrah ,anraw tapadret

utauses iagabes ilebmep helo amiretid nikgnum gnay asib gnay

.aynanigniek naknikgnum


61

`

.b tapad gnay utauses alages halada ) 67: 5991 ( onotpijT turuneM

nakrawatid orp nakanugid ,iracid ,atnimid ,nakitahrepid kutnu nesud

nanigniek uata nahutubek nahunemep iagabes rasap ismusnokid uata

.natukgnasreb gnay rasap

kudorp awhab naklupmisid tapad tubesret naitregnep audek iraD

nesudorp nakrawatid tapad gnay utauses nakapurem irad iridret gnay

helo nikgnum gnay atayn kadit nad atayn gnay tubirta nalupmukes

nad nahutubek ihunepid tapad gnay utauses iagabes nemusnok

.aynnanigniek

.2 kudorP tubirtA

naahasurep naksurahgnem kudorp haubes nagnabmegneP

taafnam nakpatenem - ay apa taafnam uti kudorp helo nakirebid naka gn

taafnaM .iridnes - tubirta helo ihunepid nad nakisakinumokid ini taafnam -

nasutupeK .niased nad iric ,utum itrepes dujuwreb gnay kudorp tubirta

tubirta ianegnem - nemusnok iskaer ihuragnepmem tagnas ini tubirta

udorp padahret : utiay ilha aparebeb turunem kudorp tubirta naitregneP .k

.a onotpijT turuneM rusnu halada ) 68:5991 ( - gnay kudorp rusnu

helo gnitnep gnadnapid nalibmagnep rasad nakidajid nad nemusnok

ebmep nasutupek M itupilem kudorp tubirtA .naail nasamek ,kere

nad isnarag .nanayalep

.b gnay nenopmok utauses halada )881: 5991 ( omradusotiG turuneM

tapad tubesret kudorp raga nimajnem gnay kudorp tafis nakapurem

nakparahid gnay nanigniek nad nahutubek ihunemem .ilebmep helo


71

`

tafiS - at ayad ,amora ,anraw nial aratna tubesret tafis ,nah ,satilauk

M ,sukgnub ,kiab nasek .niased nad kere

tubirta awhab nalupmisek kiratid tapad ,tubesret naitregnep audek iraD

rusnu irad iridret kudorp - ,nemusnok helo gnitnep gnadnapid gnay rusnu

nalibmagnep rasad iagabes nakidajid nad nimajnem raga nasutupek

.ilebmep

.H ispesreP naitregneP

P nagned utaus isakifitnedi uata nalanegnep sesorp utaus halada ispesre

gnay naseK .)3003 ,itnasaS maladrevarD ( aredni acnap nakanuggnem

halet gnay namalagnep hurules adap gnutnagret tagnas udividni amiretid

rotkaf helo ihuragnepid atres ,rajaleb nad rikipreb sesorp iulalem helorepid

.udividni irid malad irad lasareb gnay

helo ihuragnep id ispesrep awhab nakakumegnem )5991 ,itnayrA( ta'raM

padahret nauhategnep nad ,alawarkac ,rajaleb sesorp ,namalagnep rotkaf kejbo

ispesrep awhab nakakumegnem )5991 ,itnayrA malad( tamhaR.sigolokisp

rotkaf aparebeB .larutkurts nad lanoisgnuf rotkaf helo aguj nakutnetid aguj

,udividni nahutubek aratna lanosrep tafisreb gnay rotkaf uata lanoisgnuf

rpek ,ulal asam ,aisu ,namalagnep nial nad ,nimalek sinej ,naidabi - gnay nial

:nial aratna udividni raul irad rotkaf uata larutkurts rotkaF .fitkeybus tafisreb

mukuh ,agraulek nagnukgnil - ialin nad ,ukalreb gnay mukuh - malad ialin

rotkaf ,idaJ .takaraysam - ret ispesrep ihuragnepmem gnay rotkaf rotkaf irad irid

rotkaF .larutkurts nad lanosrep - sesorp ,namalagnep nial aratna lanosrep rotkaf


81

`

rotkaF .sigolokisp keybo padahret nauhategnep nad fitom ,nahutubek ,rajaleb -

,ukalreb gnay mukuh ,laisos naadaek nagnukgnil itupilem larutkurts rotkaf

ialin - in .takaraysam malad ial

ukalirep babeynep gnatnet nalupmisek kiranem nad nial gnaro ukaleP

alib idajret tapad isubirta tubesret : )9991 iratseL ;1891 ,revahS(

.1 .gnaroeses naitahrep kiranem asib kadit gnay naidajek utauS

.2 isneukesnok ikilimem naidajek utauS .lanosrep tafisreb gnay

.3 .nial gnaro ignakalebratalem gnay fitom iuhategnem nigni gnaroeseS

ispesrep awhab nakatagnem )9991 ,iratseL malaD( nissaK nad maerB

: utiay nemele aparebeb ikilimem laisos

.a .nial gnaro ialinem gnay gnaro utiay ,nosreP

.b ru ,lanoisautiS gnaro namalagnep nakrasadreb kutnebret gnay naidajek natu

utauses ialinem kutnu .

.c .nial gnaro helo nakukal id gnay utauses utiay ,roivaheB

ispesrep awhab nalupmisek libmaid tapad akam ,sataid naiaru nakrasadreB

nagned naradasek aynlubmit fitka sesorp utaus keybo utaus padahret areges

naadarebek itupilem udividni lanretske atres lanretni rotkaf nakapurem gnay

airebmep iulalem nial gnaro nad naidajek ,kejbo kejbo padahret ialin n

tubesret .


91

`

.I isomorP

.1 isomorP naitregneP

gnay nataigek nakapurem isomorP kutnu nakkujutid

raga nemusnok ihuragnepmem kudorp naka lanek idajnem tapad akerem

nahadumek nad nemusnok adapek naahasurep helo nakrawatid gnay

4991 ,ojirdnI ( tubesret kudorp ilebmem ulal gnanes akerem - .)732

sausrep uata isamrofni sura nakapurem isomorP kutnu taubid gnay naruta i

gnay nakadnit adapek isasinagro uata gnaroeses nakharagnem

d narakutrep nakatpicnem a )732 ,0002 ,usaB ahtsawS( narasamep mal .

as halas nakapurem isomorp idaJ ut kepsa malad gnitnep gnay

narasamep nemejanam es nakatakid gnires nad , lah ,tujnalreb sesorp iahab

nataigek naiakgnar naklubminem tapad isomorp anerak nakbabesid ini

.naahasurep irad ayntujnales

.2 )xiM noitomorP ( isomorP naruaB

noitnatS .J helo nakakumekid gnay xiM lanoitomorP isinifeD

halada b gnilap gnay sigetarts isanibmok“ ,nanalkirep lebairav irad kia

aynaumes gnay ,nial gnay isomorp tala nad ,gnilles lanosrep

”nalaujnep margorp naujut iapacnem kutnu nakanacnerid ,usaB ahtsawS(

)932 ,0002

fitkefe gnay narasas iapacret ragA hibel nakaisomorp nataigek ,

,udapret gnay nataigek kutneb aparebeb malad nakanaskalid alibapa kiab

rusnu irad isanibmok apureb uata - irad isanibmoK .isomorp rusnu


02

`

ibel isomorp kutneb aparebeb isomorp naruab nagned lanekid h

( ) xim noitomorp uaB . )42 ,0002 ,usaB ahtsawS ( irad iridret isomorP nar

.a )gnisitrevdA( nanalkireP

.b )noitomorP selaS( nalaujneP isomorP

.c )gnilleS lanosreP( nagnaroreP nalaujneP

.d )yticilbuP( satisilbuP

J . agraH

nakapurem agraH laH .kudorp utaus nakrasamem malad gnitnep nanarep

ini nupanamiagab anerak imahap atik tapad nakrawatid gnay asaj uata gnarab aguj

nagned iauses lamitpo gnay agrah nagned laujid surah naahasurep utaus helo

:tukireb iagabes nakitraid tapad agrah mumu araceS .iapacid kadneh gnay narasas

u halmujes halada agraH“ gnay )nikgnum ualak gnarab aparebeb habmatid( gna

”aynnanayalep atreseb gnarab irad isanibmok halmujes naktapadnem kutnu .

381 ,2891 ojtakuS unbI ,ahtsawS usaB( )

.K ileB taniM

tanim adap nemusnok ukalireP nailebmep malad nemusnok pakis halada

nakpaisrepmem ikalireP .kudorp utaus padahret nahilip nakutnenem nad

utaus kitsiretkarak nad rotkaf iagabreb nagned irasadid aynasaib ini nemusnok

nopser nakirebmem ai alibapa ,kudorp utaus iakuynem naka nemusnoK .kudorp

kitsiretkarak padahret fitisop - dorp kitsiretkarak .aynnaparah nagned iauses gnay ku


12

`

.1 ( taniM tseretni )

imahamem kutnu gnaroeses nanigniek iagabes nakisinifedid tapad taniM

kiratret anerak utauses gnatnet malad hibel aynrihka aggnihes lah utaus adap

samrofni naklupmugnem nad uhat iracnem naka tubesret gnaro atkaf nad i - atkaf

.tubesret lah ianegnem mumu

/taniM tseretni ,kudorp utaus adap kiratret idajnem nemusnok akij halada

atkaf nad isamrofni naklupmugnem naka ai akam - kudorp ianegnem mumu atkaf

,idajret uti lah akiJ .)8002 ,tluaerreP nad yhtraCcM ,nonnaC( tubesret

aka tubesret kudorp ilebmem kutnu nemusnok nanikgnumek akij raseb nikames n

aynhelorepid gnay isamrofni lisah /nopser akij ipatet ,fitisop nopser naktapadnem

.tubesret kudorp abocnem uam naka kadit nemusnok akam fitagen

taubmem gnaroeses ilakgnires ,)4002 ,.la te reltoK( aynnasalejnep malaD

hibel gnay nahilip ialin ispesreP .naahasurep adapirad aynidabirp nakgnutnugnem

naklisahgnem nad isautis kaynab igab anugreb gnay akgnarek halada naggnalep

tanim iaynupmem gnaroeses raga aynisakilpmi ,numaN .ayak gnay nasawaw

etes nasaupek nakasarem nad kudorp utaus padahret tubesret kudorp ilebmem hal

latot ayaib nad naggnalep latot ialin riskanem surah laujnep ,amatrep halada

narawat nagned nagnubuhreb gnay naggnalep - iuhategnem kutnu gniasep narawat

gnay laujnep ,audeK .ilebmep narikip malad id aynnarawat isisop anamiagab

ak naktakgninem utiay aynnial fitanretla aud iaynupmem ialin ispesrep malad hal

nad ,kinosrep ,nanayal ,kudorp taafnam nahabmanep nagned naggnalep latot ialin

/ilebmep ayaib nagnarugnep nagned naggnalep latot ayaib naknurunem uata artic


22

`

nem ,agrah nagnarugnep uata namirignep nad nanasep sesorp nakanahredey

isnarag nakrawanem nagned ilebmep okiser naigabes pareynem .

ihuragnepmem naka aguj kudorp utaus padahret gnaroeses taniM

gnaroeses haleteS .kadit uata utnetret kudorp utaus ilebmem kutnu aynnasutupek

tanimreb gnatnet isamrofni uhat iracnem gnurednec gnaro ,kudorp utaus padahret

gnarab kutnu amaturet ,tubesret kudorp - takgnit nakhutubmem gnay gnarab

:itrepes ,iggnit gnay nemusnok natabilretek nad ,libom ,rotom gnarO . koobeton

,aynagrah apareb aynatreb naka M re e nad ,anamiagab aynsatilauk ,apa aynk

tubesret kudorp hakapa iuhategnem kutnu aynnial gnukudnep isamrofni aparebeb

rotkaf helo ihuragnepid gnires ini taniM .kadit uata aynhelo ilebid kutnu kayal

rotkaf nakgnadeS .gnaro pait sigolokisp - ini sigolokisp rotkaf apureb tapad

aliB .ilebmem kutnu pakis nad nanikayek ,narajalebmep ,ispesrep ,isavitom

imreb hadus gnaroeses irad kudorp utaus padahret tan M re e kalek akam ,utnetret k

nagned kudorp nakisadnemokerem uata aynilebmem naka ai gnatadnem asam id

.tubesret krem

gnatnet pesnok nakrasadreB egami dnarb nad ytilauq deviecrep tapad ,

mailebmep ukalirep ihuragnepmem nad irasadnem naka gnay awhab nakitraid

iagabes nemusnok fitisop nopser ini naitilenep malaD .tanim halada nemusnok

artic nad ispesrep irad tabika M aka kere nemusnok ileb tanim ihuragnepmem n

kudorp utaus padahret gnaroeses napaggnat nakanerakid ini laH .kudorp padahret

is ,amiretid gnay isamrofni adap nakrasadid adap aynnaayacrepek nupuam pak

M re e iauses nemusnok helo amiretid gnay isamrofni alibapA .utnetret k nagned

( aynsatilauk ispesrep nad egami dnarb gnatnet naknigni ai gnay naparah deviecrep


32

`

ytilauq padahret tanimreb ai nad ) M re e ispesrep nad artic akam ,utnetret kudorp k

asam id nailebmep ukalirep ihuragnepmem nad irasadnem naka aynitnan gnay uti

.gnatadnem

.L aynmulebeS naitileneP

.1 VT NALKI HURAGNEP PADAHRET NEMUSNOK ISPESREP

.aikoN pH nalkI nad xuL nubas nalkI adap susak idutS

o nususiD natakgna amrahD atanaS awsisaham hel ,inairdnA ineL ,3002

udorp nalki kutnu awhab nakkujunem naitilenep lisah nagned isidnok adaP .k

iaynupmem kadit nalki isi lebairav ,iggnit nemusnok natabilretek nupapa

kutnu nakgnades nemusnok ispesrep padahret nakifingis gnay huragnep

padahret nakifingis gnay huragnep iaynupmem gnayat isneukerf lebairav

nemusnok ispesrep nu naidumeK . natabilretek isidnok adap kudorp nalki kut

nakifingis gnay huragnep iaynupmem nalki isi lebairav ,hadner nemusnok

kadit gnayat isneukerf lebairav kutnu nakgnades ,nemusnok ispesrep padahret

.nemusnok ispesrep padahret nakifingis gnay huragnep iaynupmem laH ini

iju ,ereuqs R lisah irad tahilid tapad - iju nad F - nagned gnay kudorp kutnu ,t

lebat F >)433.52( gnutihF %3.43 eruqs R ialin iggnit nemusnok natabilretek

isneukerf lebairav ,)589.1(lebat <)151.1( gnutih nalki isi lebairav .)090.3(

349.6( gnutih t gnayat nagned kudorp kutnu naD .)589.1( lebat t > )

lebatF)502.51( gnutih F %9.32 erauqs R ialin hadner nemusnok natabilretek

isneukerf lebairav ,)589.1( lebet t)799.4( gnutih nalki isi lebairav ,)909.3(

.0( gnutih gnayat )589.1( lebat t <)929


42

`

.2 NEMUSNOK ISPESREP LETOH ASAJ PADAHRET

atrakaygoY id aduraG annI letoH adap susak idutS .

helo nususiD oyruS gnugA oeL ,0002 natakgna amrahD atanaS awsisaham

kitsiretkaraK )1( : nakkujunem ini naitilenep lisah nagned ,omonruP

uraG annI letoH asaj iakamem kaynab gnay nednopser nednopser halada ad

53 aratna aisureb itiletid gnay - sinej ,1S rihkaret nakididnep takgnit ,nuhat 24

natapadnep nad ,atsaws iawagep naajrekep )2( 00,000.000.2 pR irad gnaruk

ispesrep awhab uhatekid tapad naeM citamtirA nagnutihrep lisah iraD

ahret nemusnok kiab tagnas halada aduraG annI letoh kudorp tubirta pad

irad licek hibel gnutih F awhab nalupmisek iraD )3(. 33,4 rasebes lisah nagned

nakididnep ,aisu kopmolek aratna ispesrep naadebrep ada akam ,lebat F adap

brep natapadnep nad ,naajrekep sinej ,rihkaret ,letoh satilisaf padahret nalu

.ramak nanayalep nad ,umat nanayalep

.M sisetopiH

dahret aratnemes nabawaj halada sisetopiH naitilenep halasam nasumur pa

S( tala nagned aynaranebek ijuid naka ini sisetopiH .)93 ;9991 ,onoyigu

nagned iauses gnay sisilana .aynnahalasamrep tubesret naijugnep lisah iraD

.atkaf nad atad irasadid nagned aynrnebes gnay nabawaj helorepid naka

:halada aynranebes nakitkub silunep naka gnay sisetopiH

.1 1 sisetopiH

H 0 : ataR - p atar sata nemusnok ispesre M citam rotom adepes kere

adnoH oiraV adreb naadebrep ada kadit halada nimalek sinej nakras .


52

`

H a ataR : - p atar ok ispesre M citam rotom adepes sata nemusn kere

adnoH adreb oiraV nej nakras naadebrep ada halada nimalek si .

.2 2 sisetopiH

H : 0 ataR - p atar ok ispesre adepes sata nemusn M citam rotom kere

adnoH adreb oiraV nakras rajalep nad rajalep non halada kadit ada

.naadebrep

H : a ataR - p atar ok ispesre M citam rotom adepes sata nemusn kere

adnoH adreb oiraV nakras rajalep nad rajalepnon ada halada

.naadebrep

.3 3 sisetopiH

H : 0 ok ispesreP M citam rotom adepes sata nemusn oiraV adnoH kere

kadit .ileb tanim adap huragnepreb

H a : ok ispesreP M citam rotom adepes sata nemusn oiraV adnoH kere

huragnepreb .ileb tanim adap


62

III BAB

NAITILENEP EDOTEM

.A sineJ naitileneP

susak iduts naitilenep sinej halada nakukalid gnay naitilenep sineJ

nakukalid gnay naitilenep utiay anamiD .tubesret keybo padahret lisah

gnay naahasurep adap ukalreb aynah aynnalupmisek nad naitilenep

aahasurepid ukalreb kadit nad natukgnasreb tapad kadit atres nial n

.nakisasilarenegid )34 ;3002 ,ramU nuesuH(

.B naitileneP utkaW nad isakoL

.1 naitileneP isakoL

eP D id nakgnusgnalid ini naitilen ,ojerudaM ase K natamace P nanabmar ,

.atrakaygoY ,namelS netapubaK

.2 naitileneP utkaW

ini naitileneP nalub adap nakanaskalid ieM - inuJ 2102

.C V naitileneP lebaira

.1 lebairav isakifitnedI

gnay utaus iagabes nakitraid lebairav tigiS idraheoS turuneM

,tayadiW( susak uata ,gnaro ,gnarab kiab ,keybus aparebeb adap isairavreb

.) 52:4002


72

`

.a nednepednI lebairaV

uata ihuragnepmem gnay lebairav nakapurem nednepednI lebairaV

nedneped lebairav aynlubmit uata habureb babeynep idajnem

sabeb lebairav uata nednepedni idajnem gnay ini naitilenep malaD.)takiret(

halada nemusnoK ispesreP )X( .

.b nednepeD lebairaV

peD lebairaV gnay uata ihuragnepid gnay lebairav halada nedne

nedneped lebairav kusamret gnaY.nednepedni lebairav irad tabika idajnem

ini naitilenep malad takiret lebairav uata halada B taniM ile .)Y(

.2 lebairaV narukugneP

.a lebairaV narukugneP

)1( elbairav narukugneP ispesreP ed nemusnoK nakanuggnem nagn

alakS .s’trekiL alakS s’trekiL ,pakis rukugnem kutnu nakanugid

naidajek gnatnet kopmolekes uata gnaroeses ispesrep nad ,tapadnep

)21:0102 ,nawudiR( laisos alajeg uata

)2( narukugneP non nad rajalep - nagned rajalep nakadebmem ep anuggn

non nad rajalep - .rajalep

.D keybuS keybO nad naitileneP

.1 naitileneP keybuS

gnaro halada naitilenep keybuS - nagnaretek atnimid gnay gnaro

malad keybus idajnem gnaY.nakukalid gnay naitilenep nagned natiakreb


82

`

gnay nednopser arap halada ini naitilenep citam rotom adepes iakamem

M .oiraV adnoH kere

.2 naitileneP keybO

lebairav halada naitilenep keybO - naitahrep idajnem gnay lebairav

tubirta halada ini naitilenep keybO .naitilenep malad kokop - gnay tubirta

akelem hisam citam rotom adepes kudorp adap t M utiay oiraV adnoH kere

natiriek ,natawarep nahadumek ,nanamaynek ,niased ,agrah ,satilauk

.iakap asam nahat ayad ,rakab nahab

.E ataD rebmuS nad sineJ

.1 remirP ataD

amatrep irad tapadid gnay atad nakapurem remirp ataD irad kiab

naitilenep keybo apureb tubesret remirp ataD .nagnarorep uata udividni

.ini naitilenep malad

.2 rednukeS ataD

hibel helorepid halet gnay atad nakapurem rednukes ataD nad tujnal

helo kiab ,nakijasid gnay ataD .nial kahip uata naahasurep kahip

atad halada ini naitilenep malad nakanugid - adap ada gnay atad

naahasurep .naitilenep keybo nagned natiakreb gnay

.F lanoisarepO isinifeD

uata pesnok naitregnep gnatnet naiaru nakapurem lanoisarepo isinifeD

bairav .)62:6002 ,inuyhaW nad inramuS( isinifed utaus malad ek le hibel ragA

halitsi nakisinifednem kutnu ahasureb silunep akam itregnemid hadum - halitsi

:ada gnay


92

`

.i kutnu udividni nakukalid gnay sesorp iagabes nakisinifedid ispesreP

nad ,rutagnem ,hilimem gnay rabmag malad ek ilumits nakrisfanem

,kunaK nad namffihcS( ainud ianegnem laka kusam nad itrareb

.)731:4002

.ii noN nad rajaleP - .rajalep

id kidid atresep iagabes tatacret hisam gnay gnaro halada rajaleP

s nakgnades lamrof nakididnep agabmel haube non - halada rajalep

.kidid atresep iagabes tatacret kadit gnay gnaro

.G lepmaS nad isalupoP

.1 isalupoP

tapad gnay nemele nalupmuk nahurulesek nakapurem isalupoP

,tayadiW( iasilareneg uata nalupmisek aparebeb taubmem kutnu nakanugid

.)39:4002 gnaro halada aynisalupop ini naitilenep malaD - uata gnaro

udividni - udividni gnay nakanuggnem hanrep nad lanegnem ,iuhategnem

am rotom adepes cit M .oiraV adnoH kere

.2 lepmaS

hilipid gnay isalupop irad kopmolek bus nakapurem halada lepmaS

naitilenep malad alad lepmaS .)39:4002 ,tayadiW( halada ini naitilenep m

takaraysam id ilisimodreb gnay adepes iakamem gnay ojerudaM aseD

tom M citam ro oiraV adnoH kere . 08 halmujreb libmaid gnay lepmaS

t 08 kaynabes lepmas nalibmagneP .nednopser gnaro nakrasadreb tubesre

ah isavresbo lis . arac nagned nakukalid atad nalupmugnep edoteM

nakulrepid gnay isamrofni kutnu nakduskamid ini ,renoiseuk nakigabmem

.naitilenep igab


03

`

.H keT lepmaS nalibmagneP kin

edotem halada silunep nakanugid gnay edoteM pu visopr e gnilpmas laH .

nakukalid ini nagned iauses gnay lepmas helorepmem kutnu naujut nagned

.naitilenep naujut nagned duskamid gnaY visoprup e gnilpmas halada

nakrasadreb nakukalid lepmas nalibmagnep )861 ;6991 ,anajduS(

edoteM .itilenep nagnabmitrep /nagnarorep nagnnabmitrep evisoprup

lpmas gni :tukireb iagabes airetirk nagned nakutnetid itilenep nakanugid gnay

.1 nednopseR hisam uata iakamem gnay citam rotom adepes nakanuggnem

M oiraV adnoH kere

.2 M aseD id ilisimodreb gnay nemusnok halada nednopseR a ,ojerud

,nanabmarP lS atrakaygoY ,name .

.I kinkeT gneP nalupmu ataD

.1 renoiseuK edoteM

nagned atad nalupmugnep edotem nakapurem renoiseuk uata tekgnA

nataynrep nakujagnem - naitilenep keybus adapek silutret araces nataynrep

gnatnet atad helorepmem kutnu duskam nagned ispesrep takgnit nemusnok

sata rotom adepes citam M oiraV adnoH kere ilebmep tanim padahret

. uata naujutesrep takgnit nakkujnunem nednopser atnimem ini trekil alakS

.kejbo utaus gnatnet naataynrep naiakgnares padahret aynnaujuteskaditek

:naataynrep nabawaj paites kutnu nakirebid gnay ialin toboB


13

`

ujuteS tagnaS .a 5 rokS

ujuteS .b 4 rokS

larteN .c rokeS 3

ujuteS kadiT .d 2 rokeS

ujuteS kadiT tagnaS .e 1 rokeS

.2 )naakatsupeK tesiR( hcraeseR yrarbiL

nahab irajalepmem arac nagned atad nalupmugnep utiaY - nahab

atres ,erutaretil ,hailuk utnabmem anug naklupmukid gnay nial rebmus

.asilana nad iroet taukrepmem

.J eT k nemurtsnI naijugneP kin

.1 satidilaV ijU

nemurtsni takgnit nakrabmaggnem gnay naadaek utiay satidilaV ijU

,otnukirA( rukuid naka gnay apa rukugnem upmam natukgnasreb gnay

.)912:0002

irad atad pakgnugnem tapad alibapa dilav nakatakid tnemurtsni haubeS

tnemurtsni satidilav aynhadner iggniT .tapet araces itiletid gnay lebairav

irad gnapmiynem kadit lupmukret gnay atad anam huajes nakkujnunem

.duskamid gnay satidilav gnatnet narabmag


23

`

neP gnutihgnem nagned nakukalid satidilav naijakgnep uata narukug

pait irad ialin aratna isalerok - .latot roks nagned naaynatrep meti pait

:)73:1991 ,onsirtuS( tnemom kudorp isalerok neisifeok sumuR

=YXr2222 )()(

)()(

YYNXXN

YXYXN

:nagnareteK

YXr neisifeoK = Y nad X aratna isalerok

X ritub roks halmuJ =

YX Y nad X aratna ilak lisah halmuJ =

N aboc iju lepmes aynkaynaB =

nautnetek ada akam kadit uata dilav uti tnemurtsni nakutnenem kutnU

:tukireb iagabes

.a > gnutih r akiJ tnemurtsni akam ,%59 nanikayek farat nagned lebat r

.dilav nakatakid tubesret

.b gnutih r akiJ tnemurtsni akam ,%59 nanikayek farat nagned lebat r ≤

.dilav kadit nakatakid tubesret

.2 satilibaileR ijU

isnetsisnok nakkujnunem gnay ialin utaus halada satilibaileR tala utaus

rukugnep amas gnay alajeg rukugnem malad id

.)68:3002,ramU( utaus awhab naitregnep utas adap kujnunem satilibaileR


33

`

tala iagabes nakanugid kutnu ayacrepid tapad pukuc tnemurtsni

.kiab paggnaid hadus uti tnemurtsni anerak atad lupmugnep

enep malaD lavretnI edotem nakanuggnem naka silunep ini naitil

ytilibaileR ecnatsisnoC flaH tilpS kinket nagned lavretnI satilibaileR uata

ijugnem kutnu nakanugid ini kinkeT .nworB namraepS irad aud haleb uata

alop utas malad natiakreb gnilas naaynatrep ratfad hakapa .netsisnok gnay

:halada ini satilibailer ijugnem kutnu nakukalid gnay araC

.a amas gnay naigab aud idajnem narukugnep hurules halebmeM

.lijnag nad paneg remon nakrasadreb raseb

.b isalerok nagned haleb ratna isalerok neisifeok gnutihgneM

tnemoM tcudorP .

sumuR :)44:1991 ,onsirtuS( nworB namraepS

=iiryxr

yxr1

.2

:nagnareteK

iiR tnemurtsnI satilibaileR =

yxR haleb aud narukugnep neisifeok =

akam kadit uata elbailer uti tnemurtsni hakapa nakutnenem kutnU

:tukireb igabes nautnetek nakanugid

.a akiJ hcnaborc ahpla > akam %5 nanikayek farat nagned ,lebat r

.elbailer nakatakid tnemurtsni

.b akiJ ahpla hcnaborc akam %5 nanikayek farat nagned ,lebat r ≤

tsni .lbailer kadit nakatakid tnemur


43

`

.K ataD sisilanA kinkeT

.1 kutnU ok naadebrep tapadret hakapa sisetopih ijugnem adepes sata nemusn

M citam rotom kere oiraV adnoH nimalek sinej nakrasadreb halada

m ( tnednepednI lepmaS t ijU nakanuggne t elpmaS tnednepednI - tset )

.a :sisetopiH

= oH ataR - atar citam rotom adepes sata nemusnok ispesrep

M oiraV adnoH kere adreb sinej nakras halada nimalek

.naadebrep ada kadit

= aH ataR - ok ispesrep atar citam rotom adepes sata nemusn

M kere nimalek sinej nakrasadreb oiraV adnoH halada

naadebrep ada .

.b :tukireb iagabes sumur nakanuggnem nagnutihreP

= t

2122

222

211

__

112

)()1)()1(

21

nnnnDSnDSn

XX

:anamiD

_

1X ataR = - amatrep lepmas kutnu kitsitats atar

_

2X ataR = - audek lepmas kutnu kitsitats atar

DS1

amatrep lepmas kutnu isaived radnatS =

DS 2 audek lepmas kutnu isaived radnatS =


53

`

n1 amatrep lepmas halmuJ =

n 2 audek lepmas halmuJ =

.c gnutih t ialin akiJ etid oH akam ,lebat t ≤ ,kalotid aH nad amir

itrareb atar - ok ispesrep atar citam rotom adepes sata nemusn

M ere oiraV adnoH k sinej nakrasadreb ada kadit halada nimalek

naadebrep .

.2 kutnU opih ijugnem aratna nemusnok ispesrep naadebrep ada hakapa sisets

lep non nad rajalep citam rotom adepes padahret raja M oiraV adnoH kere

halada m ( tnednepednI lepmaS t ijU nakanuggne t elpmaS tnednepednI -

tset )

.a :sisetopiH

= oH ataR - citam rotom adepes sata nemusnok ispesrep atar

rajalep non nad rajalep nakrasadreb oiraV adnoH kereM

naadebrep ada kadit halada .

aH = ataR - citam rotom adepes sata nemusnok ispesrep atar

non nad rajalep nakrasadreb oiraV adnoH kereM rajalep

.naadebrep ada halada

.b :tukireb iagabes sumur nakanuggnem nagnutihreP

= t

2122

222

211

__

112

)()1)()1(

21

nnnnDSnDSn

XX


63

`

:anamiD

_

1X ataR = - amatrep lepmas kutnu kitsitats atar

_

2X ataR = - audek lepmas kutnu kitsitats atar

DS1

amatrep lepmas kutnu isaived radnatS =

DS 2 audek lepmas kutnu isaived radnatS =

n1 amatrep lepmas halmuJ =

n 2 audek lepmas halmuJ =

.c gnutih t ialin akiJ akam ,lebat t ≤ id oH ,kalotid aH nad amiret

itrareb atar - atar nemusnok ispesrep citaM rotom adepes sata

halada rajalep non nad rajalep nakrasadreb oiraV adnoH kereM

.naadebrep ada kadit

.3 sisetopih naijugneP musnok ispesrep huragnep ada hakapa padahret ne

tam rotom adepes M ci oiraV adnoH kere nakanuggnem nagned nakukalid

utsegnaP helo nakukalid gnay itrepes adnagreb reinil iserger sisilana

naitilenep malad nakanugid gnay iserger ledom nupadA .)5002( oygabuS

:halada ini

b + a = Y 1 X1 b + 2 X2 b + 3 X 3 b + .... n Xn e +

nagnareteK :

Y ileB taniM =

X1 = kudorP satilauK

X2 = Ha agr

X3 = isomorP


73

`

b = gnisam adap iserger nisifeoK - sabeb elbairav gnisam

e = rorre tradnatS

a = atnatsnoK

raenil iserger sisilana malaD adnagreb nakujaid gnay sisetopih malad

naka amasreb araces sisilanaid naka atad utiay ,arac aud nagned nakukalid -

iridnes araces nad amas - .itiletid naka gnay rotom adepes adap iridnes

sisetopiH naamirethelobeK ijU

.a F ijU

nednepedni lebairav huragnep takgnit ijugnem kutnu nakukalid F ijU

padahret natlumis araces nedneped lebairav .

:tukireb iagabes nakpatetid naijugnep airetirK

)1 gnutih F akiJ ≤ ,kalotid aH nad amiretid oH ,lebat F

)2 .amiretid aH nad kalotid oH lebat F > gnutih F akiJ

.b t ijU

av huragnep isnakifingis takgnit ijugnem kutnu nakukalid t ijU elbair

naijugnep airetirK .laisrap araces nedneped lebairav padahret nednepedni

:tukireb iagabes nakpatetid

)1 ialin akiJ t gnutih ≤ uata lebat t - gnutih t ≥ - oH akam ,lebat t

.amiretid

)2 uata lebat t > gnutih t ialin akiJ – < gnutih t - oH akam ,lebat t

.kalotid


83

`

ay isnakifingis takgniT %5 rasebes nakanugid gn P akij nial atak nagned ,

nakifingis kadit nakataynid akam 50,0 > .

sisilana malaD noissergeritlum )adnagreb raenil iserger( naka aguj

kitsitats nataraysrep halada kisalk ismusa ijU .kisalk ismusa iju nakukalid

sisabreb gnay adnagreb raenil iserger sisilana adap ihunepid surah gnay

erauqs tsael yranidro .)SLO(

: utiay ,kisalk ismusa iju malad pahaT

.a ijU N satilamro

atilamron ijU malad hakapa ijugnem kutnu nakukalid ulrep s

uata sabeb lebairav ,gnutnagret lebairav ,iserger ledom haubes

kutnu tarayS .kadit uata lamron isubirtsid iaynupmem aynaudek

aynatad isubirtsid halada kiab gnay iserger ledom naktapadnem

isubirsidreb nakatakid ledom utauS .lamron itakednem uata lamron

rabeynem gnay atad kifarg naklisahgnem tubesret ledom akij lamron

,osotnaS( lanogaid sirag hara itukignem nad lanogaid sirag ratikes id

212 : 1002 )

nagned nakukalid tapad satilamron ijU .vonrimS vorogomloK iju

:akij lamron isubirtsidreb nakatakid atad utauS

uata ; lebat Z < gnutih Z

2( giS .pmysA ialiN - α > )deliat

.b satiraenilokitluM ijU

lebairav aud aratna anamid naadaek halada satireinilokitluM

gnay raenil nagnubuh idajret iserger ledom adap hibel uata tnednepedni


93

`

kiab gnay iserger ledoM .anrupmes itakednem uata anrupmes

gnay kapmaD .satireinilokitlum halasam aynada kadit naktaraysnem

id :nial aratna satireinilokitlum aynada nagned naktabika

.1 gnisam kutnu rorre radnats ialiN - idajnem neisifeok gnisam

hadner idajnem gnutih t aggnihes ,iggnit

.2 radnatS etamitse fo rorre nagned iggnit nikames naka

ednepedni lebairav aynhabmatreb

.3 huragneP gnisam - tilus nednepedni lebairav gnisam

.isketedid

tahilem nagned satireinilokitlum aynkadit ada isketednem kutnU

ialin ecnareloT FIV nad )rotcaF noitalfnI ecnairaV( licek nikameS .

ialin ecnareloT itakednem nikames akam FIV raseb nikames nad

sam aynidajret naitilenep nakaynabek malaD .satireinilokitlum hala

akij awhab naktubeynem ecnarelot irad gnaruk FIV nad 1,0 irad hibel

.satireinilokitlum idajret kadit akam 01

ialiN ecnarelot (∝ nad ) rotcaf noitalfni ecnairav iracid tapad )FIV(

:tukireb iagabes tubesret ialin audek nakgnubaggnem nagned

ialin raseB ecnarelot : )α(

FIV/1 = α

: )FIV( rotcaf noitalfni ecnairav ialin raseB

α/1 = FIV

malagnem sabeb lebairaV FIV : akij satireinilokitlum i ≥ ,01

alagnem kadit lebairav 01 < FIV akij satireinilokitlum im


04

`

.c isalerokotuA ijU

salerokotuA ijU i utaus malad hakapa ijugnem kutnu naujutreb

( ugnaggnep nahalasek ratna isalerok ada raenil iserger ledom laudiser )

t edoirep adap nahalasek nagned t edoirep ada[p - )aynmulebes( 1 . akiJ

isalerokotuA .isalerokotua melborp ada nakamanid akam ,isalerok idajret

utas natiakreb utkaw gnajnapes naturureb gnay isavresbo anerak lucnum

anerak lubmit ini halasaM .nial amas laudiser )uggnaggnep nahalasek(

esbo ek isavresbo utas irad sabeb kadit gnires ini laH .aynnial isavr

uata utkaw tutnur atad adap nakumetid seires emit " nauggnag“ anerak

“ ihuragnepemem gnuredneC .kopmolek /udividni gnnaroeses adap

.ayntukireb edoirep adap amas gnay kopmolek /udividni adap ”nauggnag

aynada isketednem kutnU isalerokotuA nagned nakukalid tapad

naijugnep arac nibruD ijU - nostaW ) tset WD( . nibruD ijU - nostaW

utas takgnit isalerokotua kutnu nakanugid aynah redro tsrif (

noitalerrocotua ) aynada naktaraysnem nad tpecretni )atnatsnok ( malad

.sabeb lebairav aratnaid gal lebairav ada kadit nad iserger ledom

: halada ijuid naka gnay sisetopeH

)0=p( isalerokotua ada kadit : 0H

isalerokotua ada :AH )0#p(

: isalerokotua aynkadit ada nasutupek nalibmagneP

loN sisetopiH nasutupeK akiJ

fitisop isalerokotua ada kadiT kaloT d < d < 0 L

fitisop isalerokotua ada kadiT noisiced oN Id d ≤ d ≤ U


14

`

evitagen isalerokotua ada kadiT kaloT 4 – dL 4 < d <

evitagen isalerokotua ada kadiT noisiced oN 4 – Ud 4 ≤ d ≤ - dL

fitisop isalerokotua ada kadiT

fitagen uata

kalotid kadiT 4 < d < uD – Ud

d : teK U d ,reppu nostaw nibrud : L rewol nostaw nibrud :

uata sata satab aratna katelret WD ialin aliB reppu dnuob 4( nad )ud( - ,)ud

otua neisifeok akam ok ada kadit itrareb ,lon nagned amas isaler

otua ok .isaler

irad hadner hibel WD ialin aliB pa uata hawab satab ad rewol dnuob ,)ld(

hibel isalerokotua neisifeok akam raseb ada itrareb ,lon adapirad

otua ok .fitisop isaler

4( adapirad raseb hibel WD ialin aliB - isalerokotua neisifeok akam ,)ld

pirad licek hibel a lon ad , akam .fitagen isalerokotua ada

uata )ld( hawab satab nad )ud( sata satab aratna id katelret WD ialin aliB

4( aratna katelret WD - 4( nad )ud - tapad kadit aynlisah akam ,)ld

.naklupmisid

.d satireiniL ijU

nagnubuh iuhategnem kutnu naujutreb satireinil ijU lebairav ratna reinil

.muiretirk lebairav nagned nagned nakanugid gnay sumur nupadA

:tukireb iagabes )41 :0002( idaH onsiruS irad ger F sumur nakanuggnem

nagnareteK :

F iserger sirag kutnu nagnalib agraH :

gerkR udiser tardauk atareR :

gerkR atareR : udiser tardauk


24

`

akam lebat F irad licek hibel gnutih F akij ,aynisatserpretnI kutnU

raseb hibel gnutih F akij numan ,reinil nad sabeb lebairav aratna nagnubuh

takiret lebairav nad sabeb lebairav aratna nagnubuh itrareb akam lebat F irad

nil kadit tafisreb .rei


34

VI BAB

.A ojerudaM aseD mumU narabmaG

aseD M irad iridret gnay ,6491 rebmeseD 71 laggnat adap rihal ojeruda

:utiay ,naharuleK .ske) tapme(4 skE ,meladnobeK amaL naharuleK .skE

naharuleK skE ,nagotoT amaL naharuleK skE ,inadnojeR amaL naharuleK

.nagnameD amaL

:irad iridret ,ah 0000,907 halada ojerudaM aseD hayaliW sauL hanaT

ah 583.621.5 taykar kilim 064.753.1 ased kilim hanat , lim hanat ,ah /admep ki

,ah 0667,0 nasayay kilim hanat nad ,ah 594.895 aragen

ifargoeG isidnoK ojerudaM aseD halada hanat naiggniteK :tukireb iagabes

05 tual naakumrep irad - 000.2 najuh haruc aynkaynab ,m003 - ,ht/mm000.3

atar aradu uhus - C23 atar - .C63 ( isatibrO )aseD hatniremeP tasuP irad karaj

: aseD rotnaK karaJ ,mK 6 natamaceK rotnaK nagned aseD rotnaK karaJ

71 YID rotnaK nagned aseD rotnaK karaJ ,mK 02 netapubaK rotnaK nagned

.mK

B sata - :halada ojerudaM aseD hayaliw satab nasatabreb aratU halebeS

nasatabreb nateles halebes ,nanabmarP natamaceK ojrahokoB aseD nagned

nastabreb tarab halebes ,nanabmarP natamaceK ojrahrebmuS aseD nagned

,habreB natamaceK otritilaK aseD nagned nagned nasatabreb rumit halebes

aceK ojeribmaS aseD .nanabmarP natam


44

`

:tukireb iagabes naicnirep nagned ojerudaM aseD kududneP naadaeK

ulek alapek ,KK 878.2 agraulek alapek aynkaynaB a ikal agr - alapek ,104.2 ikal

ojerudaM aseD kududnep aykaynab nakgnades ,KK 774 naupmerep agraulek

,gnaro 838.21 kaynabes ikal nimalek sinejreb gnay kududnep - 211.6 ikal

.gnaro 627.6 naupmerep nimalek sinejreb gnay kududnep nakgnades gnaro

:utiay ,nahukudap 61 idajnem igabret ojerudaM aseD hayaliW ,gnabmeK

irasogoN ,narisgnaG ,meladnobeK ,nahituM ,nayajortoP ,naroleB ,hukuD ,

gudegoroS ,roL gudegoroS ,nadnateK ,nojniT ,mesajaM ,ognisidnaC ,tureS

ribmeS ,ludiK .

iawagep iagabes iseforpreb ojerudaM aseD kududnep raseb naigabeS

.lipsis irgen .atsaws nawayrak iagabes kududnep naigabes naD

.B kudorP mumU narabmaG

.1 oiraV gnatneT salikeS

.) MHA ( rotoM adnoH artsA TP amatrep kituks nakapurem oiraV adnoH

iraunaJ aggnih nakrucnulid kajeS .6002 inuJ adap naklanekrepid amatreP

gnaro nupuam adum aluwak iramegid kaynab gnay kituks nalaujnep ,2102

iapacnem halet ini aut atnaL .tinu atuj 3 ripmah gnay ayntanimep nar

aparebeb nakukalem fitaisinireb adnoH ini nuhat ,tubesret kaynab tagnas

gnuggnat kadiT .aynnemusnok naksaumem imed oiraV adap isavoni -

raneb ipat ,tfilecaf amuc nakub nad yarb gnuggnat - nakhuguynem raneb

eb nad huggnat hibel gnay niased .tabahasr


54

V BAB

NASAHABMEP NAD ATAD SISILANA ,ATAD ISPIRKSED

.A ataD ispirkseD

gnay atad naklupmukid uluhad hibelret ,atad sisilana nakukalem kutnU

naka gnay renoiseuk nakrabeynem nagned nakukalid ini naitileneP .haloid

naataynrep ratfad nad nednopser satitnedi ianegnem naaynatrep isireb

ianegnem huragnep ok ispesrep M kitam rotom adepes sata nemusn ere k

ileb tanim padahret oiraV adnoH .

naaynatrep ratfaD pmas adap nakradeid halet gnay el kaynabes 08

gnay nemusnok halada aynaumes ,nednopser citam rotom adepes iaynupmem

M oiraV adnoH kere :halada ini naitilenep malad kitsiretkarak nupadA .

.1 nimaleK sineJ

ni naitilenep malad nednopser ,nimalek sinej nakrasadreB i

sinej nakrasadreb atad sisilana lisaH .atinaw nad airp idajnem nakadebid

lebaT adap mutnacret gnay itrepes nakkujnutid tapad nimalek V.1 ireb tuk

ini :

lebaT V 1.

nimaleK sineJ nakrasadreB nednopseR satitnedI

: rebmuS 102 remirP ataD nahalogneP lisaH 2 1 :naripmaL

nimaleK sineJ halmuJ esatnesreP

airP 04 05 %

atinaW 40 50%

latoT 08 01 0%


64

`

lebat nakrasadreB V irad awhab nalupmisek kiratid tapad 1. 8 0

,ini naitilenep lepmas idajnem gnay nednopser adepes iakamem gnay

am rotom adnoH cit oiraV utiay atinaw nimalek sinejreb kaynabret

kaynabes 40 rasebes uata gnaro 05 kaynabes aynasis nad % 40 uata gnaro

rasebes 50 .airp halada %

.2 U rum nednopseR

tapme idajnem nakkopmolekid nednopser rumu ,ini naitilenep malaD

pes ,rumu kopmolek lebat adap mutnacret gnay itre V :ini tukireb 2.

lebaT V 2. U nakrasadreB nednopseR kitsiretkaraK rum

U rum halmuJ esatnesreP

02 < nuhat 42 03 %

02 – 03 nuhat 32 04 %

13 – 04 nuhat 71 ,12 52 %

nuhat 04 > 7 ,8 57 %

latoT 08 001 %

: rebmuS lisaH 102 remirP ataD nahalogneP 2 1: naripmaL

T gnilap ini naitilenep nednopser awhab nakkujnunem ,sata id leba

rumureb kaynab 02 - 03 3 utiay nuhat 2 nednopser nakgnades ,nednopser

rumureb audek kaynabret 02 irad gnaruk utiay nuhat 2 ,nednopser 4

1 nakgnades 7 13 rumureb nednopser - 04 gnay nednopser nakgnadeS .nuhat

irad hibel rumureb 04 tikides gnilap gnay nednopser nakapurem nuhat

utiay 7 .nednopser


74

`

.3 naajrekeP

ianegnem mumu isamrofnI sinej ep ajrek na irad tahilid tapad nednopser

lebat V 3. :tukireb iagabes

lebaT V 3.

ataD naajrekeP sineJ nednopseR

oN naajrekeP sineJ isneukerF esatnesreP

1 rajaleP 04 50%

2 rajaleP noN 04 50%

halmuJ 80 01 %0

: rebmuS 102 remirP ataD nahalogneP lisaH 2 1: naripmaL

T ini naitilenep nednopser awhab nakkujnunem ,sata id leba iridret

rajalep non nad nednopser 04 kaynabes rajalep sata 04 kaynabes

.nednopser

.4 nalisahgneP takgniT

,ini naitilenep malaD nalisahgnep takgnit nakkopmolekid nednopser

kopmolek tapme idajnem lisagnep na .5 lebat adap mutnacret gnay itrepes ,

4 :ini tukireb

lebaT V. 4

nakrasadreB nednopseR kitsiretkaraK nalisahgneP takgniT

nalisahgneP takgniT halmuJ esatnesreP

000.005 pR < 73 52,64 %

000.005 pR - 000.008 pR 01 5,21 %

000.008 pR - 000.000.1 pR 41 5,71 %

> 000.000.1 pR 91 57,32 %

latoT 08 001 % : rebmuS 102 remirP ataD nahalogneP lisaH 2 1: naripmaL


84

`


kaynab 00,000.005 pR irad gnaruk gnay nalisahgnepreb 3 utiay 7

reb audek kaynabret nednopser nakgnades ,nednopser nalisahgnep hibel

00,000.000.1 pR irad utiay 91 1 nakgnades ,nednopser 4 nednopser

reb 00,000.008 pR aratna nalisahgnep – 00,000.000.1 pR nakgnadeS

gnay nednopser 00,000.005 pR aratna nalisahgnepreb – 008 pR 00,000.

utiay tikides gnilap gnay nednopser nakapurem 01 .nednopser

.5 nakididneP takgniT

,ini naitilenep malaD nakididnep takgnit nakkopmolekid nednopser

kopmolek tapme idajnem nakididnep takgnit pes , adap mutnacret gnay itre

lebat V. 5 :ini tukireb

lebaT V.5 nakrasadreB nednopseR kitsiretkaraK nakididneP takgniT

nakididneP takgniT halmuJ esatnesreP

DS 0 0%

PMS 42 03 %

AMS 43 5,24 %

iggniT naurugreP 22 5,72 %

latoT 08 001 %



kaynab AMS nakididnepreb 3 utiay 4 nednopser nakgnades ,nednopser

audek kaynabret PMS nakididnepreb utiay 2 nakgnades ,nednopser 4 22

nednopser iggnit naurugrep adap adareb aynnakididnep takgnit .


94

`

.B nednopseR gnatneT fispirkseD ataD

isneukerf isubirtsid iuhategnem kutnu nakduskamid ini sisilanA

nad nakrabesid gnay naaynatrep ratfad irad nednopser nabawaj

bairav nakisireb lebairav irad iridret gnay nemusnok ispesrep le

,agrah lebairav ,kudorp morp lebairav ileb tanim lebairav nad iso .

nednopser nabawaj isubirtsid turunem naitilenep lisah adap naialineP

gnisam adap - anamiagabes irogetak adap nakrasad id lebairav gnisam

.V lebat malad 6 : ini tukireb

.V lebaT 6

lisaH naialineP irogetaK radnatS nednopseR nabawaJ isubirtsiD

oN lavretnI alakS irogetaK

1 00,1 – 08,1 hadneR

2 08,1> - 06,2 gnaruK

3 06,2> - 04,3 pukuC

4 04,3> - 02,4 iggniT

5 02,4> - 00,5 iggniT tagnaS


rukugnem anuG lebairav ,agrah lebairav ,kudorp lebairav

morp ileb tanim lebairav nad iso malad ratfad nakanugid ini naitilenep

gnisaM .naaynatrep - iapmas 1 aratna roks ikilimem naaynatrep gnisam

taubid tapad tubesret naaynatrep roks iraD ,5 lebat iagabes irogetak

tukireb :


05

`

.V lebaT 7

naaynatreP rokS irogetaK radnatS

: rebmuS 102 remirP ataD nahalogneP lisaH 2


.a lebairaV kudorP

narasamep naruab irad tubirta utas halas nakapurem kudorP

igab nagnutnuek nakirebmem kutnu laujid naka aynitnan gnay

.naahasurep

halada kudorP gnay asaj uata gnarab apureb kiab utauses alages

nad nahutubek naksaumem tapad kutnu naahasurep nakrawatid

.aynanuggnep nanigniek

halada )923:7991( reltoK pilihP turunem kudorp isinifeD

atayn kadit nad )elbignat( atayn gnay tubirta nalupmukes

)elbignatni( ,agrah ,anraw tapadret hadus aynmaladid gnay

nikgnum gnay ,recegnep esitserp ,kirbap esitserp ,nasamek

naknikgnumem asib gnay utauses iagabes ilebmep helo amiretid

( onotpijT turunem kudorp isinifed nakgnadeS .aynanigniek

y utauses alages halada ) 67: 5991 nakrawatid tapad gna

uata nakanugid ,iracid ,atnimid ,nakitahrepid kutnu nesudorp

oN lavretnI alakS irogetaK

1 5 ujuteS tagnaS

2 4 ujuteS

3 3 larteN

4 2 ujuteS kadiT

5 1 ujuteS kadiT tagnaS


15

`

nanigniek uata nahutubek nahunemep iagabes rasap ismusnokid

.natukgnasreb gnay rasap

awhab naklupmisid tapad tubesret naitregnep audek iraD

apad gnay utauses nakapurem kudorp nesudorp nakrawatid t

atayn kadit nad atayn gnay tubirta nalupmukes irad iridret gnay

tapad gnay utauses iagabes nemusnok helo nikgnum gnay

.aynnanigniek nad nahutubek ihunepid

lebairav adap nednopser nabawaj isneukerF satilauK

kudorP t adap tahilid tapad , .V leba 8 : ini tukireb

.V lebaT 8

lebairav adap nednopser nabawaj isubirtsiD satilaukkudorp


iraD 8 0 r nednopse lebairav adap nabawaj nakirebmem gnay

isakifitnedi kudorp satilauk gnisam kutnu - rotakidni gnisam

utiay ,iggnit tagnas gnay ialin akgna nakkujnunem 03,4 latot irad

.rotakidni

satilauKkudorP

alakS ataR - atar 5 4 3 2 1

1 PK 63 44 0 0 0 54,4 2 PK 91 55 6 0 0 61,4 3 PK 41 85 8 0 0 70,4 4 PK 63 83 6 0 0 73,4 5 PK 64 23 2 0 0 55,4 6 PK 42 25 4 0 0 52,4 halmuJ 571 972 62 0 0 03,4

esatneserP %64,63 %21,85 %24,5 %0 %0 %001


25

`

.b lebairaV agraH

utaus nakrasamem malad gnitnep nanarep gnamem agraH

aguj nupanamiagab anerak imahap atik tapad ini laH .kudorp

surah naahasurep utaus helo nakrawatid gnay asaj uata gnarab

gnay narasas nagned iauses lamitpo gnay agrah nagned laujid

u araceS .iapacid kadneh iagabes nakitraid tapad agrah mum

tukireb aparebeb habmatid( gnau halmujes halada agraH“

halmujes naktapadnem kutnu gnay )nikgnum ualak gnarab

”aynnanayalep atreseb gnarab irad isanibmok ,ahtsawS usaB( .

)381 ,2891 ojtakuS unbI

.V lebaT 9

nabawaj isubirtsiD bairav adap nednopser agraH le

lebairaV agraH alakS ataR -

atar 5 4 3 2 1 H1 71 35 01 0 0 80,4 H2 8 45 81 0 0 78,3 H3 9 76 4 0 0 60,4 H4 91 75 4 0 0 81,4

halmuJ 35 132 63 0 0 40,4 esatnesreP %75,61 %81,27 %52,11 %0 %0 %001

: rebmuS lisaH 102 remirP ataD nahalogneP 2 1 :naripmaL iraD 8 lebairav adap nabawaj nakirebmem gnay nednopser 0

isakifitnedi agrah gnisam kutnu - nakkujnunem rotakidni gnisam

utiay ,iggnit gnay ialin akgna 40,4 .rotakidni latot irad


35

`

.c lebairaV isomorP

isomorP kutnu nakkujutid gnay nataigek nakapurem

naka lanek idajnem tapad akerem raga nemusnok ihuragnepmem

nad nemusnok adapek naahasurep helo nakrawatid gnay kudorp

gnanes akerem nahadumek tubesret kudorp ilebmem ulal

( 4991 ,ojirdnI - sura nakapurem isomorP .)732 uata isamrofni

uata gnaroeses nakharagnem kutnu taubid gnay naruta isausrep

malad narakutrep nakatpicnem gnay nakadnit adapek isasinagro

asamep s .)732 ,0002 ,usaB ahtsawS( nar

gnay gnay kepsa utas halas nakapurem isomorp idaJ

nemejanam malad gnitnep nakatakid gnires nad ,narasamep

isomorp anerak nakbabesid ini lah ,tujnalreb sesorp iagabes

irad ayntujnales nataigek naiakgnar naklubminem tapad

.naahasurep

.V lebaT 01 lebairav adap nednopser nabawaj isubirtsiD isomorP

S : rebmu 102 remirP ataD nahalogneP lisaH 2 1: naripmaL

lebairaV isomorP alakS ataR - atar 5 4 3 2 1

P1 32 85 9 0 0 76,4 P2 02 25 8 0 0 51,4

3P 91 15 01 0 0 11,4 halmuJ 26 161 72 0 0 13,4

esatnesreP %8,42 %4,46 %8,01 %0 %0 %001


45

`

D ira 08 adap nabawaj nakirebmem gnay nednopser

isakifitnedi lebairav isomorp gnisam kutnu - rotakidni gnisam

gnay ialin akgna nakkujnunem tagnas ,4 utiay ,iggnit 13 irad

.rotakidni latot

.d lebairaV ileB taniM

padahret iggnit gnay itah nagnurednecek halada taniM

taus ,aisenodnI asahaB raseB sumaK (.nanigniek ;hariag : u

.)385 :3991

aynnarikimep malad gnay gnaro halai ilebmep gnaroeS

,reltoK pilihP( ,utnetret kudorp ilebmem kutnu tain gnudnakret

.)471 :4891

nanigniek nad nagnurednecek halada ileb tanim idaJ

iggnit gnay kutnu tain iaynupmem nad kudorp utaus padahret

.tubesret kudorp ilebmem

11.V lebaT

elbairav adap nednopser nabawaj isubirtsiD ileb taniM


lebairaVisomorP

alakS ataR - atar

5 4 3 2 1 PM 1 64 23 2 0 0 55,4 PM 2 43 64 0 0 0 24,4

3PM 02 06 0 0 0 52,4 4 PM 52 55 0 0 0 13,4 halmuJ 521 391 2 0 0 ,4 83

esatnesreP 60,93 % 13,06 % 26,0 % %0 %0 %001


55

`

D ira 8 lebairav adap nabawaj nakirebmem gnay nednopser 0

isakifitnedi ileb tanim gnisam kutnu - rotakidni gnisam

gnay ialin akgna nakkujnunem tagnas utiay ,iggnit ,4 83 irad

.rotakidni latot

.C A sisilan D ata D nasahabmeP na

.1 nemurtsnI naijugneP

nakukalid nemurtsni naijugnep ,ini naitilenep malaD

ret utiay nednopser gnaro 08 padah 4 naro 0 nad rajalep g 4 0

.ojerudaM aseD id laggnit tapmetreb gnay rajalep non gnaro

helo ilabmek naklupmukid nad nakrabesid halet renoisiuK

inuJ nalub adap nakukalid gnay itilenep - .2102 iluJ

.2 satidilaV ijU

ini naitilenep malad renoiseuk satidilav naijugneP

nuggnem isalerok sumur naka tnemom tcudorp satidilav sisilanA .

,kudorP satilauK lebairav itupilem renoiseuk ,isomorP ,agraH

taniM B ile tahilid tapad renoiseuk satidilav iju lisah nupadA .

lebaT adap 21 lebaT nagned iapmas .51


65

`

lebaT .21

renoiseuK satidilaV ijU kudorP satilauK lebairaV

metI R GNUTIH R LEBAT

)%59 naayacrepeK faraT( K NAGNARETE

1PK ,0 326 ,0 912 dilaV

2PK ,0 894 ,0 912 dilaV

3 PK ,0 517 ,0 912 dilaV

4PK 0 365, ,0 912 dilaV

5PK ,0 945 ,0 912 dilaV

6PK ,0 265 ,0 912 dilaV : rebmuS ataD nahalogneP lisaH 102 remirP 2 :naripmaL 3

lebaT nakrasadreB 21 r ialin awhab iuhatekid tapad gnutih

isalerok tnemom tcudorp lebairav irad naaynatrep meti aumes

r( sitirk ialin irad raseb hibel kudorP lebat 2,0 rasebes ) 91 adap

akam ,naikimed nagneD .%59 naayacrepek takgnit meti hurules

nakataynid kudorP lebairav kutnu naaynatrep dilav tapad nad

.atad nalupmugnep tala iagabes nakanugid

lebaT 31 .

satidilaV ijU agraH lebairaV


T( FARA K NAAYACREPE )%59 K NAGNARETE

1H ,0 496 ,0 912 dilaV

H2 ,0 616 ,0 912 dilaV

3H 426,0 912,0 dilaV

4H 296,0 912,0 dilaV : rebmuS 102 remirP ataD nahalogneP lisaH 2 3 :naripmaL


isalerok tnemom tcudorp lebairav irad naaynatrep meti aumes


75

`

r( sitirk ialin irad raseb hibel agraH lebat 2,0 rasebes ) 9 adap 1

meti hurules akam ,naikimed nagneD .%59 naayacrepek takgnit

nakataynid agraH lebairav naaynatrep dilav nakanugid tapad nad

atad nalupmugnep tala iagabes .

lebaT 41 .

isomorP lebairaV renoiseuK satidilaV ijU


T( FARA K NAAYACREPE 59 )% K NAGNARETE

1P ,0 527 ,0 912 dilaV

2P ,0 755 ,0 912 dilaV

3P ,0 387 ,0 912 dilaV : rebmuS 102 remirP ataD nahalogneP lisaH 2 :naripmaL 3


isalerok tnemom tcudorp lebairav kutnu naaynatrep meti aumes

r( sitirk ialin irad raseb hibel isomorp lebat adap 912,0 rasebes )

meti hurules akam ,naikimed nagneD .%59 naayacrepek takgnit

nakataynid isomorp lebairav naaynatrep dilav tapad nad

nalupmugnep tala iagabes nakanugid .atad

lebaT 15.

taniM lebairaV renoiseuK satidilaV ijU ileB

metI R

GNUTIH

R LEBAT

T( FARA K NAAYACREPE 59 )% K NAGNARETE

MP1 ,0 456 ,0 912 dilaV

2PM ,0 286 ,0 912 dilaV

3PM ,0 047 ,0 912 dilaV

4PM ,0 577 ,0 912 dilaV : rebmuS 102 remirP ataD nahalogneP lisaH 2 :naripmaL 3


85

`


isalerok tnemom tcudorp rep meti aumes lebairav kutnu naaynat

ileb tanim r( sitirk ialin irad raseb hibel lebat adap 912,0 rasebes )

urules akam ,naikimed nagneD .%59 naayacrepek takgnit ti h me

ileb tanim lebairav naaynatrep nakataynid dilav tapad nad

.atad nalupmugnep tala iagabes nakanugid

.3 satilibaileR ijU

anamhuajes rukugnem kutnu nakanugid satilibailer ijU

ini naitilenep malaD .ayacrepid tapad narukugnep utaus lisah

ialin tahilem nagned lebailer nakataynid lebairav C hcnabor

A ahpl .lebairav paites adap C ialin alibapA ahplA hcnabor

gnisam - r > lebairav gnisam ritub akam lebat - naaynatrep ritub

.lebailer nakataynid tubesret

lebat adap tahilid tapad renoiseuk satilibailer iju lisah nupadA

.91 lebat iapmas 61

61 lebaT

kudorP satilauK lebairaV satilibaileR ijU

scitsitatS ytilibaileR

ahplA s'hcabnorC smetI fo N . 316 6

: rebmuS 102 remirP ataD nahalogneP lisaH 2 :naripmaL 4


95

`

nautnab nagned satilibailer naijugnep lisah nakrasadreB

erawtfos 61 SSPS swodniw rof 0. tapad ,61 lebat adap

lebairav awhab naklupmisid kudorp satilauk ,anerak lebailer

ialin ahplA s’hcabnorC .912,0 rasebes lebat r ≥

71 lebaT

agraH lebairaV satilibaileR ijU

citsitatS ytilibaileR s





lebairav awhab naklupmisid agrah ialin ,anerak lebailer

ahplA s’hcabnorC .912,0 rasebes lebat r ≥

81 lebaT

isomorP lebairaV satilibaileR ijU

ibaileR scitsitatS ytil





lebairav awhab naklupmisid isomorp ialin ,anerak lebailer

ahplA s’hcabnorC 912,0 rasebes lebat r ≥ .


06

`

91 lebaT ileB taniM lebairaV satilibaileR ijU

scitsitatS ytilibaileR





lebairav awhab naklupmisid leb tanim i ialin ,anerak lebailer

ahplA s’hcabnorC .912.0 rasebes lebat r ≥

.4 sisetopiH naijugneP

.a H0, ataR - p atar ok ispesre citam rotom adepes sata nemusn

M re e oiraV adnoH k nimalek sinej nakrasadreb kadit halada

naadebrep ada .

02.V lebaT nednepednI ijU lisaH t lepmaS - tset


scitsitatS puorG

nimaleKsineJ N naeM noitaiveD .dtS naeM rorrE .dtS

PKhalmuJ airP 03 70.62 478.1 243.

atinaW 05 40.62 928.1 952.

HhalmuJ airP 03 34.61 503.1 832.

atinaW 05 81.61 663.1 391.

PhalmuJ airP 03 06.21 083.1 252.

atinaW 05 83.21 951.1 461.


16

`


nakrasadreB 02 .V lebat iju lisah irad nednepednI lepmas

t- tset awhab nakkujnunem atar - nad agrah ,kudorp satilauk atar

isomorp M citam rotom adepes sata re ek V adnoH oira adreb nakras

naadebrep ada kadit halada nimalek sinej . tnednepedni tuptuO

t lepmas - kitsitats t isnakifingis ialin awhab nakkujnunem aguj tset

isomorp ,195,0 rasebes agrah ,858,0 rasebes kudorp satilauk

.50,0 rasebes α ialin irad raseb hibel 923,0 rasebes J H ida o

.amiretid

tnednepednI tseT selpmaS

tseT s'eneveL

fo ytilauqE rof

secnairaV t- snaeM fo ytilauqE rof tset

F .giS t fd

2( .giS -

)deliat

naeM

ecnereffiD

rorrE .dtS

cnereffiD

e

ecnedifnoC %59

eht fo lavretnI

ecnereffiD

rewoL reppU

PKhalmuJ demussa secnairav lauqE 230. 858. 360. 87 059. 720. 624. - 228. 578.

demussa ton secnairav lauqE 260. 410.06 159. 720. 924. - 138. 588.

HhalmuJ demussa secnairav lauqE 292. 195. 718. 87 714. 352. 013. - 463. 178.


PhalmuJ demussa secnairav lauqE 669. 923. 567. 87 744. 022. 882. - 353. 397.



26

`

.b ataR - atar nemusnok ispesrep sata citam rotom adepes

M oiraV adnoH kere rajalep non nad rajalep nakrasadreb

naadebrep ada kadit halada .

baT 12.V le t lepmaS nednepednI ijU lisaH - tset

: rebmuS nahalogneP lisaH 102 remirP ataD 2 :naripmaL 6


scitsitatS puorG

nemgeS N naeM noitaiveD .dtS naeM rorrE .dtS

PKhalmuJ eP l raja 04 23.52 104.2 083.

rajaleP noN 04 56.52 249.1 703.

HhalmuJ eP l raja 04 03.51 757.1 872.

rajaleP noN 04 24.51 385.1 052.

PhalmuJ eP l raja 04 81.21 573.1 712.

rajaleP noN 04 25.21 023.1 902.

tseT selpmaS tnednepednI

s'eneveL rof tseT

fo ytilauqEsecnairaV t- snaeM fo ytilauqE rof tset

F .giS T Df

.giS2( -

)deliat

naeMnereffiD

ec

.dtS rorrEnereffiD

ec

%59 ecnedifnoC eht fo lavretnI

ecnereffiD

rewoL reppU

PKhalmuJ demussa secnairav lauqE 765.3 360. - 666. 87 805. - 523. 884. - 792.1 746.

demussa ton secnairav lauqE - 666. 937.47 805. - 523. 884. - 892.1 846.

HhalmuJ demussa secnairav lauqE 107. 504. - 433. 87 937. - 521. 473. - 078. 026.

demussa ton secnairav lauqE - 433. 071.77 937. - 521. 473. - 078. 026.

PhalmuJ demussa secnairav lauqE 502. 256. - 161.1 87 942. - 053. 103. - 059. 052.

demussa ton secnairav lauqE - 161.1 078.77 942. - 053. 103. - 059. 052.


36

`

lebat nakrasadreB 2.V 1 t lepmaS nednepednI iju irad - tset

awhab nakkujnunem kadit naadebrep ada satilauk lebairav

na isomorp nad ,agrah,kudorp jalep non nad rajalep arat padahret ra

M citam rotom adepes re V adnoH ke .oira tnednepedni tuptuO

t lepmas - ialin awhab nakkujnunem aguj tset kitsitats t isnakifingis

0,0 rasebes kudorp satilauk 36 isomorp ,504,0 rasebes agrah ,

H idaJ .50,0 rasebes α ialin irad raseb hibel 256,0 rasebes o

.amiretid

.c kisalK ismusA ijU

helorepmem kutnu nakukalid kisalk ismusa naijugneP

y narisfanep nahasbaek takgnit .iserger ledom malad iggnit gna

isamitse raga nakduskamid kisalk ismusa naijugneP - isamitse

edotem nagned helorepid gnay erauqS tsaeL yranidrO )SLO(

tarays ihunemem rotamitsE desaibnU raeniL tseB .)EULB(

itilenep malad nakukalid gnay kisalk ismusa naijugneP ini na

,satiraenilokitlum ,satilamron iju halada isalerokotua ,satiraeinil

iju nad vorogomlok : tukireb iagabes lisah nagned


46

`

.a satilamroN

. V rabmaG 1

satilamroN ijU avruK

: rebmuS 102 remirP ataD nahalogneP lisaH 2 :naripmaL 7 rabmaG V. 2

satilamroN ijU margotsiH



56

`

em nagneD rabmag adap lamron avruk tahil 1 rabmag nad

2 ,lamron isubirtsidreb atad awhab nakatakid tapad ,sata id

lamron margaid adap atres ,gnecnol kutnebmem avruk anerak P-

P dezidradnats noisserger tolp nakrabmaggnem gnay

kitit naadarebek - lanogaid sirag ratikesid kitit .

.b satirainilokitluM

.V lebaT 22 satirainilokitluM ijU lisaH

nakrasadreB awhab iuhatekid ,sata id lebat

tapad nad 01 < sabeb lebairav aumes FIN ialin

malad satireinilokitlum idajret kadit naklupmisid

adnagreb iserger naamasrep .tubesret

stneiciffeoC a

ledoM

scitsitatS ytiraenilloC

ecnareloT FIV

1 PKlatoT 209. 901.1

T lato H 456. 035.1

PlatoT 207. 524.1 : rebmuS 102 remirP ataD nahalogneP lisaH 2 :naripmaL 7


66

`

.c isalerokotuA ijU

32.V lebaT isalerokotuA ijU lisaH

D ira irad nakgnadeS .989,1 WD helorepid sataid tuptuo

nad ,08 =)n( atad halmuj nagned 50,0 gis nagned WD lebat

lebairav halmuj tnednepednI la ialin naklisahgnem ,3 =)k(

.)ripmalret WD lebat tahil( 517,1 rasebes ud nad 065,1 rasebes

areb )989,1( WD ialin aneraK 4 d.s ud haread adap ad - ud

isalerokotua idajret kadit ismusa itrareb .

.d satireiniL ijU

3 .V rabmaG satireiniL ijU lisaH

yrammuS ledoM b

ledoM R erauqS R

R detsujdA

erauqS

eht fo rorrE .dtS

etamitsE nibruD - nostaW

1 325. a 372. 542. 732.1 989.1 : rebmuS 102 remirP ataD nahalogneP lisaH 2 :naripmaL 7


76

`

margaid adap tahilem nagneD dolperttacs gnay

adit nakrabmaggnem utnetret alop utaus kutnebmem k

( ledom awhab nakatakid tapad )kaca .satireinil

.c H0 , nemusnoK ispesreP kerem citam rotom adepes sata

.ileb tanim adap huragnepreb oiraV adnoH

ebaT l 2.V 4 adnagreB raeiniL isergeR ijU lisaH

52.V lebaT

adnagreb raeinil isergeR ijU lisaH

yrammuS ledoM

ledoM R erauqS R erauqS R detsujdA etamitsE eht fo rorrE .dtS

1 325. a 372. 542. 732.1

,PKlatoT ,PlatoT ,)tnatsnoC( :srotciderP H latoT : rebmuS 102 remirP ataD nahalogneP lisaH 2 :naripmaL 8

stneiciffeoC a

ledoM

dezidradnatsnUstneiciffeoC

dezidradnatSstneiciffeoC

T .giS B rorrE .dtS ateB

1 )tnatsnoC( 839.6 443.2 959.2 400.

PKlatoT 483. 080. 594. 218.4 000.

HLATOT 911. 821. 211. 729. 753.

PlatoT - 901. 431. - 590. - 818. 614. : rebmuS 102 remirP ataD nahalogneP lisaH 2 :naripmaL 8


86

`

adreB sata id atad nakras naamasrep haubes taubid asib

lebairav irad adnagreb reinil iserger - lebairav – gnay lebairav

ihuragnepmem citam rotom adepes ileb tanim M ,oiraV adnoH kere

: utiay

,0 + 839,6 =Y 100 X1 ** ,0 + 753 X2 ** – ,0 614 X3 **

p adap nakifingiS** - eulav 50.0 ≤

nakrasadreB tuptuo helorepid iserger kitsitats F ialin

rasebes 535,9 n( ,α : fd nagned lebat F ialin irad raseb hibel - ,)k

k( - rasebes )1 69,3 . tuptuO awhab nakkujnunem aguj iserger

alin 00,0 rasebes kitsitats F .gis i 0 rasebes α ialin irad licek hibel

0 kutnebret gnay iserger ledom akam ,naikimed nagneD .50,

tapet nakataynid .)tif fo ssendoog(

ednepedni lebairaV n ledom malad nakkusamid gnay

nakifingis ataynret nakgnades kudorp satilauk lebairav adap

fingis kadit isomorp lebairav nad agrah lebairav kutnu naaki . laH

rp irad tahilret ini LATOT isnakifingis satilibabo PK < P adap

.50,0 hawabid huaj ,100,0 isnakifingis satilibaborp nakgnadeS

LATOT LATOT nad H hibel ,614,0 > P nad 753 ,0 > P adap P

50,0 irad raseb lebairav awhab naklupmisid tapad idaJ satilauk

nakgnades nemusnok ileb tanim padahret huragnepreb kudorp

padahret huragnepreb kadit isomorp lebairav nad agrah lebairav

.nemusnok ileb tanim


96

`

kutnu nakanugid isanimreted neisifeok sisilanA

lebairav nagnabmus esatneserp raseb aparebes iuhategnem

nednepedni .nedneped lebairav padahret katneres araces

lebat iraD 42 .V uata 372,0 halada erauqs R iuhatekid

lebairav irad huragnep nagnabmus itrareb ini laH .%3,72

nemusnok ileb tanim padahret isomorP ,agraH ,kudorP satilauK

pid %7,27 aynasis nakgnades %3,72 halada rotkaf helo ihuragne

.itiletid kadit gnay nial

.5 nasahabmeP

nu naujutreb ini naitileneP hakapa iuhategnem kut

nemusnok ispesrep M citam rotom adepes sata kere V adnoH oira

adreb naadebrep ada kadit halada nimalek sinej nakras kutnU .

,1 sisetopih naijugnep nakanugid tnednepedni t lepmas - tset . iraD

gnep lisah awhab iuhatekid ,tubesret naiju nemusnok ispesrep

otom adepes sata V adnoH kereM citam r oira adreb sinej nakras

naadebrep ada kadit halada nimalek . sinej naikimed nagneD

naadebrep iaynupmem kadit nimalek b gnay ispesrep sata itrare

V adnoH kereM citam rotom adepes .ileb tanim padahret oira

i laH w nad airp aratna nakanerakid in atina ispesrep iaynupmem

omorp nad ,agrah ,kudorp satilauk sata amas gnay padahret is

M citam rotom adepes .oiraV adnoH kere

ugnep kutnU nakanugid 2 sisetopih naij tnednepedni

t lepmas - tset , iraD awhab iuhatekid ,2 sisetopih naijugnep lisah


07

`

kadit nemusnok ispesrep naadebrep ada non nad rajalep aratna

ajalep r V adnoH kereM citam rotom adepes padahret oira .

gnay sisilana iju lisah nakrasadreB nakataynid tapad nakanugid

rajalep non nad rajalep aratna nemusnok ispesrep awhab

citam rotom adepes padahret V adnoH kereM oira kadit idajret

.naadebrep laH rajalep non nad rajalep nakanerakid ini

grah ,kudorp satilauk padahret amas gnay ispesrep iaynupmem ,a

rp nad M coitam rotom adepes sata isomo oiraV adnoH kere .

padahret rajalep non nad rajalep aratna nemusnok ispesreP

gnay apa nagned iauses isomorp nad agrah ,kudorp satilauk

gnay naadaek nagned iauses nad nemusnok helo nakparahid

aynrnebes . ijugnep kutnU sisetopih na 3 nakanugid iserger

adnagreb raeinil 3 sisetopih naijugnep lisah iraD . iuhatekid

awhab nemusnok ispesrep kereM citam rotom adepes sata

V adnoH ileb tanim adap huragnepreb oira . aparebeb ada numaN

kadit gnay )isomorp nad agrah( nemusnok ispesrep isnemid

huragnepreb nemusnok ileb tanim padahret isnemid agitek iraD .

huragnepreb gnay kudorp satilauk aynah nemusnok ispesrep

awhab naklupmisid asib ini lah nemusnok ileb tanim padahret

k ileb tanim ihuragnepmem naka kiab gnay kudorp satilau

padahret nemusnok .kudorp utaus ispesrep isnemid 2 nakgnadeS

huragnepreb kadit isomorp nad agrah utiay nial gnay nemusnok

,nemusnok ileb tanim padahret ileb tanim awhab itrareb ini lah


17

`

padahret nemusnok nakgnabmitrepmem kadit kudorp utaus

nemusnok numan nakukalid uti isomorp anamiagab uata agrah

.kudorp utaus satilauk irad tahilem


27

IV BAB

NALUPMISEK NAD NARAS

.A nalupmiseK

bab adap naksalejid halet gnay nasahabmep nad sisilana lisah nakrasadreB

:awhab naklupmisid tapad naitilenep lautpesnok akgnarek malad atres aynmulebes

.1 ataR - p atar ok ispesre M citam rotom adepes sata nemusn kere V adnoH oira

adreb halada nimalek sinej nakras naadebrep ada kadit kiab itrareb ini laH .

nay ispesrep iaynupmem atinaw nad airp nemusnok adepes sata amas g

M citam rotom kere V adnoH oira .

.2 P emusnok ispesre n rotom adepes padahret rajalep non nad rajalep aratna

ebrep ada kadit halada oiraV adnoH kereM citam .naad idajret ini laH

k anera oiraV adnoH kereM citam rotom adepes irad luggnu hibel lanekid

adap M .nial gnay kere

.3 ok ispesreP M citam rotom adepes sata nemusn V adnoH kere oira

isnemid aynah ini naitilenep malaD .ileb tanim padahret huragnepreb

satilauk nakgnades ,nemusnok ileb tanim adap huragnepreb gnay kudorp

nemusnok ispesrep isnemid aud kadit isomorp nad agrah utiay nial gnay

kudorp satilauk itrareb ini laH .nemusnok ileb tanim adap huragnepreb

akgnades ,nemusnok ileb tanim adap huragnepreb kiab gnay iggnit n

agrah aynhadner t kiab gnay isomorp nad kudorp utaus huragnepreb kadi

tanim padahret .ileb


37

`

.B I isakilpm M lairejana

.1 tilauk naknahatrepmem kutnu nakparahid naahasureP adnoH kudorp sa

nakgnidnabid luggnu hibel patet raga oiraV kudorp satilauk M kere .nial

.2 rotkaf nakitahrepmem tapad naahasureP - naktakgninem tapad gnay rotkaf

aynkudorp padahret gnaroeses ileb tanim nagned tapad ini lah malad ,

ianem arac k artic naktaugnem nad nak padahret fitisop ispesrep nad

M V adnoH kere .gnatadnem asam id tubesret oira

.C I isakilpm U kutn P naitilene L natujna

.1 aynnapedek aggnihes ,ileb tanim adap satabret aynah aguj ini naitileneP

nailebmep nasutupek pahat iapmas nakgnabmekid tapad naitilenep

.satilayol nupuata

.2 ,ojerudaM aseD hayaliw adap satabret aynah ini naitileneP ,nanabmarP

.namelS pad naitilenep aynnapedeK nad hayaliw id nakgnabmekid ta

M .nial gnay rotom kere


47

RATFAD AKATSUP

.)0002( .imisrahuS ,otnukirA naitileneP edoteM sidE . akeniR .TP : atrakaJ .1 iatpiC .

.4991 .ojirdnI ,omradusotiG narasameP nemejanaM , atrakaJ ,

.odnillahnerP

, ojirdnI ,omradusotiG narasamePnemejanaM ,)5991 ( EFPB ,atrakaygoY ,.MGU

,8002 ,yhtraCcM emoreJ .E ,.rJ ,tluaerreP .D mailliW ,nonnaC .P hpesoJ

labolG A ,gnitekraM cisaB - ,hcaorppA lairejanaM abmelaS :atrakaJtapmE .

asameP nemejanaM .)7991( ,pilihP ,reltoK .odnillahnerP ,atrakaJ ,nar

.)5002( .pilihP ,reltoK narasameP nemejanaM SKEDNI TP :atrakaJ .I diliJ

kopmolek .AIDEMARG

,4002 ,naT gnoiT nihC ,gnoeL gneM weiS ,gnA nooH eewS ,reltoK pilihP kopmolek skednI TP : atrakaJ ,aisA fitkepsreP : narasameP nemejanaM

.aidemarG

sasA ,)4891( ,usaB ,atsawS - ,atrakaygoY ,agiteK isidE ,gnitekraM sasa.ytrebiL

sasA .srD ,ABM ,HD usaB ,atsawS - ,4 nakateC .3 isidE .gnitekraM sasa

.GFPB : atrakaygoY 0002

( .4002 .razaL eilseL ,kunaK nad G noeL ,namffihcS .jret .)pisaK ilfikleoZ .srD nemusnoK ukalireP .skednI :atrakaJ .7 isidE .

.narasameP igetartS .5991 . ydnaF ,onotpijT .tesffO idnA :atrakaygoY

.)3002( .niesuH ,ramU asaJ nemusnoK ukalirP tesiR edoteM ailahG : atrakaygoY .

aisenodnI .

naitileneP edoteM .)4002( .tayadiW narasameP serP MMU :gnalaM . .

.)5002( .nailuZ ,timaY satilauK nemejanaM sinokE :atrakaygoY . .


NARIPMAL


.A kudorP satilauK lebairaV

5 4 4 4 5 4

5 5 5 5 5 5

5 5 5 5 5 4

5 3 5 5 5 5

5 5 3 5 4 4

4 5 3 4 4 5

5 4 4 4 5 5

4 4 4 4 4 3

4 4 3 4 4 4

4 4 4 4 4 4

4 3 3 4 5 4

4 4 4 5 3 4

4 4 4 3 4 5

4 4 4 4 4 4

4 4 4 4 4 4

4 4 4 5 5 4

4 4 4 4 4 4

4 4 4 5 5 4

4 4 4 4 4 4

5 4 4 5 5 4

5 4 4 5 5 5

4 5 4 4 4 3

5 5 5 5 5 5

5 4 4 4 5 3

4 5 4 4 4 4

4 4 4 3 4 4


4 4 4 5 5 4

4 4 4 5 5 4

4 4 3 4 5 4

5 4 4 5 4 5

4 4 4 5 4 4

5 4 4 4 5 4

4 4 4 5 5 4

4 4 4 5 5 4

5 5 4 5 4 5

4 4 .4 5 5 4

4 3 3 4 4 5

5 4 4 5 5 4

4 4 4 5 5 4

5 5 5 4 5 5

4 4 5 5 5 4

5 4 4 4 5 4

5 4 4 5 4 4

5 4 4 5 5 4

5 4 4 4 5 4

5 5 5 4 4 4

5 4 4 4 5 4

5 4 4 5 5 5

5 4 5 5 5 5

4 4 4 5 4 4

5 5 5 5 5 5

4 4 4 5 5 4

5 4 4 5 5 4


4 4 4 4 4 4

4 3 3 4 4 4

4 4 4 4 5 4

5 4 4 4 4 4

5 3 4 5 5 4

5 5 4 4 5 5

4 4 4 5 5 5

5 5 5 5 5 4

5 4 5 5 4 4

5 4 4 5 4 5

4 4 4 5 4 4

4 5 4 4 4 4

4 5 4 5 4 5

4 5 4 4 4 5

4 4 4 5 4 5

4 5 5 5 5 5

4 4 4 5 5 4

4 4 4 5 5 4

4 4 5 5 5 5

5 4 4 4 5 4

5 5 5 4 5 5

4 4 4 4 5 4

5 5 4 4 4 4

4 4 4 4 4 4

5 5 4 5 5 5

5 4 4 4 4 5

4 4 4 4 4 4


.B agraH

4 4 4 5

4 4 4 4

4 4 4 5

4 4 4 5

4 4 4 4

4 3 3 4

4 3 4 4

4 4 4 4

4 4 4 4

4 5 4 3

4 4 4 4

4 4 4 4

4 3 3 3

4 4 4 4

4 4 3 4

4 3 4 4

4 3 4 4

3 4 4 4

3 3 4 4

4 3 3 4

4 4 4 5

4 4 4 4

3 4 4 4

4 3 4 4

4 4 4 4

4 3 4 4


4 4 4 4

4 4 4 4

4 5 4 4

5 4 4 5

3 4 4 4

5 5 5 5

4 3 4 4

5 3 4 4

4 4 4 4

4 3 4 4

4 4 4 5

4 4 4 5

4 4 4 4

4 4 4 4

5 4 4 5

4 4 4 5

4 5 4 4

4 4 4 4

4 4 4 4

4 4 4 4

4 4 4 4

4 4 5 5

5 4 4 4

5 5 4 4

4 4 4 4

4 3 4 4

3 3 4 3


4 4 4 3

4 4 4 5

4 4 4 5

5 3 5 5

5 3 5 4

4 5 4 4

5 4 4 5

5 4 5 5

3 4 4 4

3 3 4 4

4 3 4 4

5 4 5 4

5 4 5 4

4 4 4 5

4 4 4 4

4 4 4 5

4 4 5 4

5 4 4 4

5 5 4 5

4 5 5 4

5 3 4 4

5 4 4 4

5 4 4 5

5 4 4 4

4 4 4 4

4 4 4 4


.C isomorP

4 5 4

4 4 4

5 4 4

4 4 4

3 5 5

3 4 3

5 3 4

4 4 3

4 4 4

4 4 4

5 3 4

3 3 4

4 4 5

3 3 3

4 5 4

3 5 4

5 3 5

4 4 3

4 4 4

3 4 4

3 5 4

5 4 5

3 4 4

3 4 3

4 4 4


4 4 3

4 3 4

4 5 4

5 4 5

4 5 4

4 4 3

4 5 5

4 4 4

4 5 4

5 4 5

5 4 5

4 4 4

4 5 4

4 3 3

4 4 4

5 4 5

5 5 4

5 4 5

4 4 4

4 4 5

4 5 4

4 4 4

5 4 5

4 4 4

5 5 4

4 4 4

4 4 4


4 4 4

4 4 3

4 4 4

4 4 5

5 5 5

5 4 5

5 4 3

4 5 5

4 4 4

4 4 0

4 4 4

4 4 4

5 5 4

5 5 4

5 5 5

4 4 4

4 4 4

4 4 4

4 4 4

5 5 5

4 4 5

5 3 5

4 4 4

5 5 4

5 4 5

4 4 4

4 4 4


.D ileB taniM

5 4 4 4

5 5 5 5

5 4 4 4

5 5 5 4

3 4 4 4

4 5 5 5

4 5 4 4

4 4 4 4

5 4 4 4

4 4 4 4

4 4 3 3

4 4 4 4

5 5 4 4

4 4 4 4

5 5 5 5

5 5 4 4

4 4 4 4

4 5 4 4

4 4 4 4

5 5 4 4

5 4 5 5

4 4 4 4

5 5 4 4

4 4 4 4

4 5 5 5

4 4 4 4


4 4 4 4

4 4 4 4

4 4 4 4

5 4 5 4

3 4 4 4

5 5 4 4

5 5 5 5

5 4 4 4

5 5 4 5

5 5 4 4

4 4 4 4

4 4 4 4

5 5 4 4

5 5 5 5

5 5 5 5

5 5 4 4

5 4 4 5

5 5 4 5

5 4 4 4

5 4 4 4

5 4 4 4

5 4 4 5

5 4 4 5

4 4 4 4

5 5 5 5

5 5 5 5

5 4 4 4


5 4 4 4

5 4 4 4

5 4 4 4

5 4 4 4

4 5 4 4

4 4 4 4

5 5 4 4

5 5 4 5

5 5 5 5

4 5 4 4

5 4 4 4

4 4 4 4

5 5 4 4

4 4 4 5

4 4 4 4

5 5 4 5

4 5 4 5

5 5 5 5

5 5 5 5

4 4 5 5

4 4 5 5

4 5 4 4

5 4 5 5

5 5 4 4

4 4 5 5

4 4 4 4

4 4 5 5


sisetopiH 2 T selpmaS tnednepednI - tset

scitsitatS puorG

nemgeS N naeM noitaiveD .dtS rorrE .dtS

naeM

PKhalmuJ eP l raja 04 23.52 104.2 083.

rajaleP noN 04 56.52 249.1 703.

HhalmuJ eP l raja 04 03.51 757.1 872.

rajaleP noN 04 24.51 385.1 052.

PhalmuJ eP l raja 04 81.21 573.1 712.

rajaleP noN 04 25.21 023.1 902.

tseT selpmaS tnednepednI

tseT s'eneveL fo ytilauqE rof

secnairaV t- snaeM fo ytilauqE rof tset

F .giS t fd 2( .giS -)deliat

naeMnereffiD

ec

.dtS rorrEnereffiD

ec

%59 ecnedifnoC eht fo lavretnI

ecnereffiD rewoL reppU

PKhalmuJ secnairav lauqEdemussa

765.3 360. - 666. 87 805. - 523. 884. - 792.1 746.

ton secnairav lauqEdemussa

- 666. 937.47 805. - 523. 884. - 892.1 846.

HhalmuJ secnairav lauqEdemussa

107. 504. - 433. 87 937. - 521. 473. - 078. 026.


- 433. 071.77 937. - 521. 473. - 078. 026.

PhalmuJ secnairav lauqEdemussa

502. 256. -161.1

87 942. - 053. 103. - 059. 052.


-161.1

078.77 942. - 053. 103. - 059. 052.


sisetopiH 1 T selpmaS tnednepednI ijU - tset

scitsitatS puorG

nimaleKsineJ N naeM noitaiveD .dtS rorrE .dtS

naeM

PKhalmuJ airP 03 70.62 478.1 243.

atinaW 05 40.62 928.1 952.

HhalmuJ airP 03 34.61 503.1 832.

atinaW 05 81.61 663.1 391.

PhalmuJ airP 03 06.21 083.1 252.

atinaW 05 83.21 951.1 461.

tseT selpmaS tnednepednI tseT s'eneveL

ytilauqE rofsecnairaV fo t- snaeM fo ytilauqE rof tset

F .giS t fd

.giS2( -

)deliat

naeMnereffiD

ec

.dtS rorrEnereffiD

ec

ecnedifnoC %59 eht fo lavretnI

ecnereffiD rewoL reppU

PKhalmuJ secnairav lauqEdemussa

230. 858. 360. 87 059. 720. 624. - 228. 578.


260. 410.06 159. 720. 924. - 138. 588.

HhalmuJ secnairav lauqEdemussa

292. 195. 718. 87 714. 352. 013. - 463. 178.


628. 334.36 214. 352. 703. - 953. 668.

PhalmuJ secnairav lauqEdemussa

669. 923. 567. 87 744. 022. 882. - 353. 397.


237. 801.35 764. 022. 003. - 383. 328.


3 sisetopiH adnagreB reiniL isergeR

devomeR/deretnE selbairaV b

ledoM

selbairaV

deretnE

selbairaV

devomeR dohteM

1 ,PKlatoT ,PlatoT

HLATOT a . retnE

.deretne selbairav detseuqer llA .a

tnednepeD .b PMlatoT :elbairaV

yrammuS ledoM

ledoM R erauqS R

R detsujdA

erauqS

eht fo rorrE .dtS

etamitsE

1 325. a 372. 542. 732.1

HLATOT ,PKlatoT ,PlatoT ,)tnatsnoC( :srotciderP .a

AVONA b

ledoM serauqS fo muS fd erauqS naeM F .giS

1 noissergeR 047.34 3 085.41 535.9 000. a

laudiseR 012.611 67 925.1

latoT 059.951 97


PMlatoT :elbairaV tnednepeD .b

stneiciffeoC a

ledoM

stneiciffeoC dezidradnatsnU

dezidradnatS

stneiciffeoC

t .giS B .dtS rorrE ateB

1 )tnatsnoC( 839.6 443.2 959.2 400.

PKlatoT 483. 080. 594. 218.4 000.

HLATOT 911. 821. 211. 729. 753.

PlatoT - 901. 431. - 590. - 818. 614.

PMlatoT :elbairaV tnednepeD .a


kisalk ismusA ijU

.1 satilamroN ijU

selbairaV devomeR/deretnE b

ledoM

selbairaV

deretnE

selbairaV

devomeR dohteM

1 ,PKlatoT ,PlatoT

HLATOT a . retnE



yrammuS ledoM b

ledoM R erauqS R

R detsujdA

erauqS

eht fo rorrE .dtS

etamitsE

1 325. a 372. 542. 732.1



AVONA b


1 noissergeR 047.34 3 085.41 535.9 000. a

laudiseR 012.611 67 925.1

latoT 059.951 97



stneiciffeoC a

ledoM


dezidradnatS

stneiciffeoC

t .giS B rorrE .dtS ateB

1 )tnatsnoC( 839.6 443.2 959.2 400.

PKlatoT 483. 080. 594. 218.4 000.

HLATOT 911. 821. 211. 729. 753.

PlatoT - 901. 431. - 590. - 818. 614.



scitsitatS slaudiseR a

muminiM mumixaM naeM noitaiveD .dtS N

eulaV detciderP 89.51 80.91 25.71 447. 08

laudiseR - 414.2 474.3 000. 312.1 08

eulaV detciderP .dtS - 180.2 090.2 000. 000.1 08

laudiseR .dtS - 259.1 908.2 000. 189. 08



.2 ijU satirainilokitluM


ledoM

selbairaV

deretnE

selbairaV

devomeR dohteM

1 ,PKlatoT ,PlatoT

HLATOT a . retnE




stneiciffeoC a

ledoM

scitsitatS ytiraenilloC

ecnareloT FIV

1 PKlatoT 209. 901.1

HLATOT 456. 035.1

PlatoT 207. 524.1

.a PMlatoT :elbairaV tnednepeD

snoitalerroC tneiciffeoC a

ledoM PlatoT PKlatoT HLATOT

1 snoitalerroC PlatoT 000.1 - 900. - 425.

PKlatoT - 900. 000.1 - 262.

HLATOT - 425. - 262. 000.1

secnairavoC PlatoT 810. - E069.9 -5 - 900.

PKlatoT - E069.9 -5 600. - 300.

HLATOT - 900. - 300. 610.


scitsongaiD ytiraenilloC a

ledoM

isnemiD

no eulavnegiE xednI noitidnoC

snoitroporP ecnairaV

)tnatsnoC( PKlatoT HLATOT PlatoT

1 1 889.3 000.1 00. 00. 00. 00.

2 700. 773.42 60. 12. 20. 55.

3 300. 552.53 40. 70. 89. 14.

4 200. 944.14 09. 27. 00. 40.



.3 isalerokotuA ijU


ledoM

selbairaV

deretnE

selbairaV

devomeR dohteM

1 ,PKlatoT ,PlatoT

HLATOT a . retnE

.a .deretne selbairav detseuqer llA


yrammuS ledoM b

ledoM R erauqS R

R detsujdA

erauqS

eht fo rorrE .dtS

etamitsE nibruD - nostaW

1 325. a 372. 542. 732.1 989.1


.b PMlatoT :elbairaV tnednepeD

AVONA b

ledoM serauqS fo muS Df erauqS naeM F .giS

1 noissergeR 047.34 3 085.41 535.9 000. a

laudiseR 012.611 67 925.1

latoT 059.951 97


:elbairaV tnednepeD .b PMlatoT


stneiciffeoC a

ledoM


dezidradnatS

stneiciffeoC


1 )tnatsnoC( 839.6 443.2 959.2 400.

PKlatoT 483. 080. 594. 218.4 000.

HLATOT 911. 821. 211. 729. 753.

PlatoT - 901. 431. - 590. - 818. 614.




eulaV detciderP 89.51 80.91 25.71 447. 08

laudiseR - 414.2 474.3 000. 312.1 08


laudiseR .dtS - 259.1 908.2 000. 189. 08


.4 satireiniL ijU


ledoM

selbairaV

deretnE

selbairaV

devomeR dohteM

1 ,PKlatoT ,PlatoT

HLATOT a . retnE


.b PMlatoT :elbairaV tnednepeD

yrammuS ledoM b

ledoM R erauqS R

R detsujdA

erauqS

eht fo rorrE .dtS

etamitsE

1 325. a 372. 542. 732.1




AVONA b


1 noissergeR 047.34 3 085.41 535.9 000. a

laudiseR 012.611 67 925.1

latoT 059.951 97



stneiciffeoC a

ledoM

dezidradnatsnU stneiciffeoC

dezidradnatS

stneiciffeoC


1 )tnatsnoC( 839.6 443.2 959.2 400.

PKlatoT 483. 080. 594. 218.4 000.

HLATOT 911. 821. 211. 729. 753.

PlatoT - 901. 431. - 590. - 818. 614.




eulaV detciderP 89.51 80.91 25.71 447. 08

laudiseR - 414.2 474.3 000. 312.1 08


laudiseR .dtS - 259.1 908.2 000. 189. 08

:elbairaV tnednepeD .a PMlatoT


SKR I PS I Diaju kan u ntu k Memenuhi S alah Satu S ya r at · PENGARUH PER SEPS I KON SUM EN ......

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Transcript of SKR I PS I Diaju kan u ntu k Memenuhi S alah Satu S ya r at · PENGARUH PER SEPS I KON SUM EN ......