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DAFTAR ISI
BAB I PENDAHULUAN .........................................................................................1
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ...............................................................................2
2.1 DEFINISI.............................................................................................................2
2.2 EPIDEMIOLOGI.................................................................................................2
2.3 ANATOMI...........................................................................................................4
2.4 KLASIFIKASI.....................................................................................................6
2.5 ETIOLOGI...........................................................................................................7
2.6 PATOFISIOLOGI.................................................................................................8
2.7 CEDERA ORGAN ABDOMEN..........................................................................9
2.8 GEJALA DAN TANDA KLINIK.........................................................................12
2.9 DIAGNOSIS........................................................................................................13
2.1 PENATALAKSANAAN....................................................................................17
2.11 KOMPLIKASI...................................................................................................19
2.12 PROGNOSIS.....................................................................................................2
DAFTAR PUSTAKA.................................................................................................22
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BAB I
PENDAHULUAN
I!"#$%! &'()*( (+$,*%! *%!#!-(& $('# &(/)! % &(/)!. M,'&(0#&("
+#("(!( 0%+#/ !--# ($( &'()*( &)*)0 (+$,*%! $('# ($( &'()*( &%*+)".
(0())! &%/!# $#(-!," +(') ")$(/ +(!( $#((# *#"(0!( Computed
Tomografi !(*)! &'()*( &)*)0 (+$,*%! *("#/ *%')((! &(!&(!-(! +(-# (/0#
0#!#.D#(-!,"( $#!# $#%'0)(! )!&) %!-%0,0((! "%('( ,*(0. E(0)("# ((0
"(!-(& +%'*(!((& &%&(# &%'($(!- )) ")0#& ('%!( ($(!( %(" (!- $(
%0(" ($( ('%( 0(#! (!- &%'(#&.
D# E',( "%+(-#(! +%"(' &'()*( (+$,*%! $#"%+(+(! ,0%/ &'()*( &)*)0
&%')&(*( ('%!( %%0(((! 0(0) 0#!&(" &%'(&)/ %%'("(! %%'("(! &%'/($(
$#'# "%!$#'#. L)( &%*+)" 0)( &%*+( (0#!- "%'#!- &%'($# $# A*%'#( S%'#(&
"%$(!-(! 0)( &)") 0%+#/ )*)* &%'($# $# F#!0(!$#( $(! A'#( S%0(&(!.
P("#%! *)!-#! )-( *%*#0## &'()*( ,'-(! (+$,*%! $(0(* +(/(! #(
0)( (* (&() 0)( &%*+( *(") $# 0)(' $(%'(/ %')& $%(! "%%' $#)!--)!- #!--(!- (!&(& %'#!%)* (/( (&(" $($( +((/ (&() "%&%0(/ 0%!-(!.
P%!(&(0("(!((! &'()*( (+$,*%! "(*(# "%('(!- *("#/ *%')((!
+(/(! $#")"# $(0(* I0*) B%$(/ $('# !$((! (!- ,!"%'( "(*(# !$((!
(!- '($#(0. A/#':(/#' #!# &%'$((& %%!$%')!-(! )!&) 0%+#/ "%0% $(0(*
*%0()(! !$((! 0((',&,*# ($( &'()*( (+$,*%!.
K%*((! ($( &'()*( (+$,*%! $( /(!( $#&%!&)(! ,0%/ +%'(&!(
&'()*( (&() ($(!( &'()*( %!%'&( &%&(# )-( ,0%/ %&%'0(*+(&(! $(0(*
*%!%-((! $#(-!,"#". K%*((! +#("(!( $#"%+(+(! ,0%/ %'$('(/(! (&()
%'($(!-(! $(0(* ',!--( %'#&,!%)*. A!-( %*((! #!# $((& $#&)')!(!
*%0(0)# )(( %!%-(/(! &'()*( $(! %!(!--)0(!-(! ,*(0 (!- $#+%'#(!
"%$#!# *)!-#! ($( ,'+(!!(.
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BAB II
TINJAUAN PUSTAKA
1 DEFINISI
T'()*( *%')((! %%'("(! #"# (!- *%!-(#+(&(! %$%'(. T'()*(
(+$,*%! ($(0(/ &'()*( (!- *%!%+(+(! &%'($#!( %')"((! ($( ,'-(!
(+$,*%! (!- $((& *%!%+(+(! %')+(/(! #"#,0,-# "%/#!--( &%'($# -(!--)(!
*%&(+,0#"*% %0(#!(! #**)!,0,-# $(! -(!--)(! ((0 +%'+(-(# ,'-(!
2 EPIDEMIOLOGIP($( &(/)! 199 "%#&(' 5 )&( ,'(!- *%!#!--(0 $# "%0)')/ $)!#( ('%!(
%$%'( ;&'()*(3 $('# "%0)')/ &'()*(
&%'"%+)&.
D('# "%0)')/ (")" &'()*( (+$,*%! $# RSCM &'()*( &%*+)" (#+(& 0)(
&)") *%!%*( &%*(& &%'(&(" ;65=< $##) ,0%/ &'()*( &)*)0. L%+#/ $('#
5= &'()*( &)*)0 $#"%+(+(! ,0%/ %%0(((! 0(0) 0#!&(" +#("(!( $#"%'&(#
$%!-(! &'()*( ($( +(-#(! &)+)/ 0(#!!(. D# !%-('(:!%-('( (!- *%!-/(')"(!
%!--)!((! "(+) %!-(*(! ($( %!$('((! $#%!(0 &'()*( &)*)0 (!-
$#"%+(+(! ,0%/ "(+) %!-(*(! #!# (!- $#"%+)& seat-belt syndrome. T'()*(
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&)*)0 &%')&(*( &%'($# $# $(%'(/ %$%"((! "%*%!&('( &'()*( &%*+)" 0%+#/ "%'#!-
&%'($# $# $(%'(/ %',&((!.
3 ANATOMI
1 Anatomi Luar
( A+$,*%! $%(!
A+$,*%! $%(! *%')((! +#$(!- (!- $#+(&("# $# +(-#(! '(!#(0 ,0%/
-('#" intermammaria ()$(0 ,0%/ %$)( ligamentum inguinale$(!simfisis pubis
"%'&( $# 0(&%'(0 ,0%/ %$)( 0#!%( (?#00('#" (!&%'#,'
+ P#!--(!-
M%')((! $(%'(/ (!- +%'($( $# (!&('( lineaaxillaris anterior $(! linea
axillaris posterior, $('# "%0( #-( % @I "(*(# crista iliaca. D# 0,("# #!# ($(
$#!$#!- ,&,& (!- &%+(0 +%'0(#!(! $%!-(! $#!$#!- ,&,& (!- #" $# +(-#(! $%(!
*%!($# %0#!$)!- &%')&(*( &%'/($( 0)( &)").
P)!--)!-
D(%'(/ #!# +%'($( $# ,"&%'#,' $('# 0#!%( axillaris posterior, $('# ))!-
()$(0 "()0( "(*(# crista iliaca. O&,&:,&,& )!--)!- $(! ,&,& ('("#!(0
*%!($# %0#!$)!- &%'/($( &'()*( &((*.
2 Anatomi daam
( R,!--(peritoneum
Peritoneum *%')((! *%*+'(! "%',"( #" (!- *%0(#"# $#!$#!-
cavitas abdominis $(! cavitas pelvis "%'&( *%0#) #"%'( abdomen $(!pelvis.
Peritoneum parietale *%0(#"# $#!$#!- cavitas abdominis $(! cavitas pelvis,
"%$(!-(!peritoneum visceral*%0#) ,'-(!:,'-(!. R,!--( ,&%!"#(0 $# (!&('(
peritoneum parietalis $(! visceralis $#"%+)& cavitas peritonealis.
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+ R,!--(pelvis
M%')((! ')(!-(! (!- &%'0%&( $#(!&('( aperture pelvis superior $(!
aperture pelvis inferior. B#("(!( cavitas pelvis $#+(-# ,0%/ $#('(-*( pelvis
(!- &%'0%&( $# (&(" $(! %'#!%)* $#+((/!(. R,!--( #!# &%')&(*( +%'#"# ,'-(!
urogenitalia.
c R,!g-( retroperitoneum
R,!--( ,&%!"#(0 (!- +%'($( $# +%0((!- $#!$#!- %'#&,!%)* (!-
*%0(#"# (+$,*%!. C%$%'( ($( ,'-(! dalam retroperitoneum ")0#& $#%!(0#
('%!( $(%'(/ #!# ()/ $('# (!-()(! %*%'#"((! #"# $(! +#("(!( %$%'(
((0!( $( ((! *%!#*+)0(! -%(0(peritonitis. R,!--( #!# &%'*(") $(0(*
+(-#(! (!- $#%'#"( "(*%0!( ($( diagnostic peritoneal lavage;DPL
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S)*+%'.##%$#(.,*
! KLASIFIKASI
T'()*( ($( (+$,*%! $#"%+(+(! ,0%/ $)( *%(!#"*% (!- *%')"(
(#&) ;1< &'()*( &)*)0 *%')((! &'()*( (+$,*%! &(!( %!%&'("# % $(0(*
',!--( %#&,!#)*. L)( &)*)0 ($( (+$,*%! +#"( $#"%+(+(! ,0%/ (&)/
%%'("(! #"# (&() ))0(! %"%0(((! %!$('((! +%'*,&,' %$%'( (#+(&
+%',0(/ '(-( +%!&)'(! 0%$((! $%"%0%'("# ,*'%"# (&() "(+) %!-(*(!. L%+#/
$('# 5= $#"%+(+(! ,0%/ %%0(((! 0(0) 0#!&(". ;2< T'()*( &%*+)" *%')((!
&'()*( (+$,*%! $%!-(! %!%&'("# % $(0(* ',!--( peritoneum. L)( &%*+)"
($( abdomen$#"%+(+(! ,0%/ &)")(! +%!$( &((* (&() 0)( &%*+(.
B%'$("('(! ,'-(! (!- &%'%!( &'()*( (+$,*%! $((& $#+(-# *%!($#
$)( ;1< T'()*( ($( ,'-(! ($(& "%%' /%(' 0#*( ;0#%!< $%!-(! -%(0( )&(*(
%'$('(/(!. ;2< T'()*( ($( ,'-(! ($(& +%',!--( "%%' )")" "(0)'(! %*%$)
$%!-(! -%(0( )&(*( ($(0(/ %'#&,!#".
T'()*( &)*)0 ($(!- $( *%*+%'#(! %0(#!(! (!- %0(" ($(
%'*)((! &)+)/ &%&(# $((& *%!-(#+(&(! ,!&)"#, (&() 0("%'("# ('#!-(! (&()
,'-(! $#+((/!(. T'()*( &)*)0 $((& +%')( +%!$( &)*)0 %'0(*+(&(!
;$%"%0%'("#
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*%!#*+)0(! %$%'( ($( ,'-(! +%',!--( +%')( %','("# $(! ,'-(! ($(&
+%')( 0("%'("#.
T'()*( &%*+)" $#+(-# *%!($# 0)( &)") $(! 0)( &%*+(. T'()*(
&%*+)" (#+(& %0)') $#+%$((! (!&('( %!#" %%(&(! '%!$(/ (low-velocity
$%!-(! %%(&(! !-- (!ig!-velocity. T'()*( &%*+)" (#+(& %0)') $%!-(!
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&%*+)" (#+(& %0)') *%!-(#+(&(! %')"((! ($( ,'-(!:,'-(! $(0(*
(+$,*%!. B(/(! 0)( %0)') (!- &(!-%!"#(0 &(!( *%*(")# ',!--( (+$,*%!
$((& *%!#*+)0(! %')"((! ,'-(!:,'-(! $(0(* (+$,*%! (#+(& %% 0%$((!.
" ETIOLOGI
B%'$("('(! %!%+(+!( &'()*( &)*)0 $#+(-# *%!($(# -( (#&)
+%!&)'(! ('%!( +%!$( &)*)0 %$%'( ,*'%"# $(! %$%'( %'0(*+(&(!
;$%"%0%'("#
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%')"((! (!- +%'(' &%'/($( "&')&)' #!&'((+$,*%! (!- %!!- $#$((&(!
($( 0%+#/ $('# 9= (")".
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P($( &'()*( &)*)0 (+$,*%! %$%'( ($( "&')&)' $(0(* ',!--( (+$,*%!
$((& $#0("##("#(! *%!($# $)( *%(!#"*% %$%'( (#&) %)(&(! ,*'%"#
$(! %)(&(! %'0(*+(&(! ;$%"%0%'("#
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7 $EDE%A O%GAN ABDOMEN
( D#('(-*(
R,+%(! $#('(-*( $((& &%'($# ($( +(-#(! *(!()! $('# % $)(
$#('(-*( (!- (0#!- %!!- *%!-%!(# %$%'( ($(0(/ $#('(-*( #'#. C%$%'(
+#("(!( 5 1 * (!(!-!( $%!-(! 0,("# $# ,"&%', 0(&%'(0 $('# $#('(-*(
#'#. P($( %*%'#"((! ,&, &/,'( ((0 ((! &%'0#/(& $#('(-*( (!- 0(+#/ !--#
(&())! (+)' +#("(!( +%')( /%*(&/,'(" (&())! ($(!( +((!-(! )$('(
(!- *%*+)(& (+)'!( -(*+('(! $#('(-*( (&())! &%'0#/(& NGT (!-
&%'("(!- $(0(* -("&%' &%'0#/(& $# &/,'(. P($( "%+(-#(! %#0 ,&, &/,'( $(*%*%'0#/(&(! ($(!( %0(#!(!.
+ O'-(! +%',!--(
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$%+'#$%*%! 0)( $(! %!)&)(! "%$%'/(!(. K($(!-:($(!- "%)*0(/ 0)( ((!
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C%$%'( ($( %*+)0)/ $('(/ +%"(' (+$,*%! +#("(!( *%!%+(+(!
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DAFTA% PUSTAKA
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