LAPORAN FOTOKIMIA REDUKSI ION BESI

8/17/2019 LAPORAN FOTOKIMIA REDUKSI ION BESI

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PHOTOCHEMICAL REDUCTION OF ION IRON (III)

Semarang, 15th April 2016

A. ObjectiveStudy the iron (III) reduction as a result of photochemical reaction and understand their

application in blueprints

B. Basic Theo!

!hotochemical is part of the chemistry that studies the interactions bet"een atoms,

small molecules and light (or electromagnetic radiation) As "ell as other disciplines,

photochemical system using SI or metric units #nits and constants are often used include

the meter, second, hert$, %oules, moles, the gas constant &, and the constants 'ol$tmann All

units and constants is also part of the field of physical chemistry

Absorption of electromagnetic radiation by ionic species in solution reuires electrons

in the ion can moe from one energy leel to another Absorbed light must hae energy eual

to the difference and the energy leels in transition If the transition energy lies at

"aelengths of isible light, then the light component is absorbed and transmitted light "ill be

colored *ransmitted light color is the complementary color and the color is absorbed *he

rise of an electron from a lo" energy leel to a higher leel of lead absorption components of

"hite light and the light that is passed colors

Iron is the metal most, and belieed to be the chemical elements to the ten most

banya in nature A large amount of iron in the earth thought to contribute to the +arths

magnetic field Its symbol -e summary -errum .atin name for iron Iron is a metal produced

from iron ore, and rare in the free state In the industry, the iron produced from ore, mostly

hematite (-e2/), through reduction by carbon at a temperature of 20000

2 /2 3 2 /

/ -e2/ 3 2 -e /2

Iron produced can be used in the synthesis of compounds containing -e Some of the

comple4 compounds "ith -e central atom is

• -eIII (2,2bipryridine) (7!/) (72!/8)9

• omple4 : *;<9

• omple4 -e (II) r (III) /4alate

(!etrucci, 1=>=)

-e/, -e2/, and -e/8 almost as if lin?ed to its structure /4ygen atoms in all of the

configuration structure ccp in stoichiometric -e/ shaped o?tahidral all bound by the -e

atom, "hich gies the effect of ;al lattice of -e 2 da /2 omparison of these t"o ions in

their compounds is appro4imately 8>56@ &emoal of -e from in? Aridear and

replacement "ith t"o to three of the number -e gies -e/ in reduced iron sho" more

accurate data than the addition of o4ygen "hen the iron threefour aserrimeritan -e2 is

replaced by -e ions "ill form compound -e/8, and a spinel structure

(7eslop B &obinson, 1=6=)



!hotochemical is the study of chemical reactions induced by light directly or indirectly

/rdinary thermal reaction that ta?es place in the dar? to obtain the actiation energy of the

photon absorption of light by the molecules *herefore this reaction proides the possibility of

high selectiity, "hich means that the energy of a uantum of light appropriate for the specific

reaction *he e4cited molecular electronic state and distribution of energy hae different

electron from the ground state, so that the different chemical properties !hotochemical

reaction is a chemical reaction caused by light or ultraiolet radiation Incoming photons areabsorbed by the reactant molecules generate e4cited molecules or molecules of free

radicals, "hich then react again In photochemical there are t"o basic la"s

According to the first la" of Crothus (1>1D) and Eraper (1>8), photochemical

change can only be brought about by the light absorbed &adiation that is not absorbed but

can push e4cited molecules to emit light *he second la" of photochemical proposed by

Star? and +instein (1=0>1=12) stated that the molecule absorbs the incoming light uantum

becomes actiated

(Alberty, 1=>8)

!rocessing blueprint is still ery rare, but the manufacturing process is usually ery

easy blueprint blueprint paper, coated "ith ammonium iron citrate and potassium ferisianida

that are sensitie to light *he imaging process is done on a light translucent fabric or paper

that "as placed on one sheet of paper blueprints and opened at a place illuminated by a

strong light .ight transform ammonium iron citrate salt into a compound of iron, then "hen

the paper soa?ed in "ater, salts of iron compounds react "ith potassium ferisianida to form a

deep blue solution "hich ma?es the paper become blue hemicals on paper protected from

light by a line of paper or dissole the image and result in paper or image to "hite *he

blueprint "as deeloped by emitting light on iron compounds In the "orld of photography

siler and halogen compounds undergo the change by light

('iddle, 1=8=)

According Syamsidar in his boo? !ractical Inorganic hemistry Introducing Fash

molding is the process to process the film shooting results to be negatie or positie film and

then printed Fash print consists of t"o steps, namely the "ashing process uses a chemical

solution and printing process using lightsensitie paper that illuminated a light through the

film that has been "ashed Fashprint or s?ills that are popular "ith the term blueprint can

be learned from the scientific aspects, namely from the point of electrochemical and

photochemical If the iron (II) is reacted "ith he4acyanoferrat (III) then formed a blue solution

*he magnitude of the effect of light on the reduction of iron (III) to iron (II) seems to fit theblue color density formed -rom this case, then it "as tested "ith the title of the

photochemical reduction of iron (III), "hich aims to study the reduction reaction of iron (III) in

photochemical and its utili$ation for studying blueprints

(Syamsidar,2012)



C. E"#i$%e&t a&' Mateia

:aterial G

1 1: o4alic acid2 0,1: diammonium hidrofosfat Solution of iron (III) chloride 0,1:

8 7HS paper and tracing paper

5 0,1: hydrochloric acid solution6 Solution of -e(;)6 0,1:D Solution og 0,0 : 2r 2/D

> -ilter paper

=10 +uipment G

1 1 pieces bea?er glass 250ml2 !ipette

*"ee$ers8 hips of glass



5D. Poce'#e

.

1

*.

+.

2

=

10

11

12

1

18

15

16

1D

1>

8

1=

20

21

22

2

28

25

26

2D

2>

5

Solution being kept in a dark

room (cupboard).

Solution made from mixture

of 10 mL of irom (III) chloride

0,5 M in 10 mL diammonium

hidrofofat 0,5 M in gla

Solution being tirred "ell in

dark roomSolution being added b# 10

mL of oxalic acid 1 M to a

olution of iron (III) chloride i

in the cupboard.

$upboard being cloed and

opened onl# "hen necear#.

all the paper immered

olutionbeing kept but doe

not damage the paper.

% heet of &'S paper taken

and dipped into the olution

in the cupboard.

hi tep being done in the

cupboard

paper remoed and placed

bet"een t"o *lter paper.

+ harper "ill be produced,o

the paper mut be dried for

one night.

aper being left bet"een the

t"o *lter paper for 10-15

minute o that the paper

become dr#.

+fter it "a dr#, the paper "a ued a a

Make the obect on tracing

paper "ith the black ink ormake obect "ith black

paper, for



2=

0

6

1

2

D

8

5 >

6

D

>

=

80

81

E. Obsevatio& Data

82 &esult of /bseration G

1 olor of iron (II) chloride solution at first G orange or yello"bro"nish2 olor of diammonium hidrofosfat solution first G colorless solution olor of mi4ed solution G yello"8 olor of the solution plus a mi4ture of o4alic acid G yello"5 olor of paper after being immersed in the solution G light yello"6 !rintouts G

8

88

85

he obect "a placed on

eniti/ed paper and nip "ith

t"o piece of gla, then hitted

the unlight for %-5 minute.

all the paper immered "a

kept in the olution.

Seniti/ed paper that ha been

irradiate "ith light then dipped

into a olution of

hekaianoferrat ion III 0 1 M.

the paper "a remoed and dip

it in a dilute olution of

potaium dichromate (0,0 M).

hen the paper "a "ahed

"ith 100 ml of 0,1 M &$l

ollo"ed b# tap "ater and

let it dr# in atmophere.



>1 *he last phase is "ashed "ith tap "ater sensitie paper by means

flo"ed slo"ly so sensitie paper does not tear It aims to eliminate e4cess 7l ions

and salts

>2

>

>8

>5

>6

(a) (b) (c)(a) It "as dipped in potassium he?sasianoferrat(b) It "as dipped in 2r/D

(c) It "as dipped in 7l

>D In this e4periment performed ariations of the time is for 15 minutes

and 20 minutes, both "ere irradiated "ith #H light Irradiation treatment 15 minutes

made for the ob%ect mar?ed LA#L and the pattern of loe in the middle or can be

called the (a) picture belo" Fhile the irradiation treatment for 20 minutes performed

for the ob%ect read LA:#L and patterns of loe (b picture belo") 7aing compared

the results of irradiation for 15 minutes and 20 minutes has a difference in their prints

Fherein the longer e4posure time (20 minutes) the printed image more clearly than

the irradiation time of 15 minutes *he relationship bet"een the length of e4posure

time "ith the appearance of the ob%ect is created, ie the longer the e4posure time, it is

possible the longer the time that is gien to reduce -e to -e2 , so that the blue

color can be seen more clearly *he "hite color in the bottom part of product isbecause "hen it "a irradiated "ith the #H light, one of the #H light is turn off So the

light can not spread oer all the paper

>>

>=

,-.

,.

,/.

,0.

,1.

(a) (b),2.

,.

3. Co&c#sio&

a. -e is reduced to -e2 "ith the help of sunlight "here this reaction produces a blue

color



b. no"ing the influence of light on the process of photochemical reduction of iron (III) is

characteri$ed by the formation of turnbull blue color after the addition of potassium

he?sasianoferrat(III)c. *he longer the time gien to reduce -e to -e2, blue loo? more apparent

,*.H. Re4ee&ces

,+.

== Alberty, &A 1=>8 Thermodinamic of Biochemical Reaction ;e" MerseyG Mohn

Filey and Sons Inc

100 'iddle,7 1=8= Chemistry Today #SA G&and :calley and ompany101

102 7eslop,&' and &obinson !. 1=60 KInorganic Chemistry:A Guide for

Advance Study K, +lseer,Amsfer10

108 7S, Syamsidar 2011 Penunutun Practical Inorganic Chemistry

:a?assarG #I; !ress

105 !etrucci, 7&apl 1=>=. Inorganic Chemistry Holume 2 ;e" Nor?G

+rlangga

106

102.

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